Geography 7th grade 1
Stonehenge was built by early settlers over 5,000 years ago. 2
During the Middle Ages, Anglo-Saxons and Vikings settled in Britain. In 1066, Normans from Northern France conquered England. All of these groups brought customs and practices that helped make the English military strong. 3
Over time, England s military became that most feared and powerful in the world. England joined with Wales and Scotland to become the United Kingdom of Great Britain. By the 1900s, Britain controlled nearly 40% of the world s land. 4
The United Kingdom went through a decolonization process. Devolution began in 1997, and the Scottish Parliament formed as a result. Devolution will be extended to 5
Four British citizens organized a plan of attack that left 56 dead and 700 injured. 6
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About the size of Oregon with 4 separate regions: Northern Ireland, Scotland, Wales, and England. Ireland separated in 1921 after being declared a free state. 8
The UK has a population of 60 million people who speak English, Welsh, and Scottish Gaelic. A majority are Protestant Christians - 45% Anglican and 15% Catholic. 7 million people live in London and 90% of the British population lives in cities. 9
80% of the population works in service industries Service industry: an industry that provides services rather than tangible products ⅓ of food is imported due to a lack of 10
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Parliamentary Democracy and Constitutional Monarchy Voters elect Parliament: House of Commons - elected by the people House of Lords - inherited / given title by the Queen Political party with the largest number of people in the HoC elects the Prime Minister. 12
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Started the Industrial Revolution (around 1700) - still a world leader in trade and industry today. Free Market Economy Major exports: nuclear reactors, electrical machinery, and medicines Major imports: vehicles, natural resources, and over ⅓ of their 14
Just voted to leave the EU (European Union) last year - use British pounds instead of the Euro. 15
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Celtics settled in Ireland in 500 B.C. Most Irish consider themselves Celtic in heritage. Celtics emphasized magic. 19
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St. Patrick arrives in Ireland in 432 C.E. Brought Christianity (Catholicism). 21
Sends Protestant (Anglican) farmers to take over lands in Ireland. Most settled in the north around 1608. Tension between Catholics and Protestants rise. 1692 - Catholics forbade from voting, owning land, and practice their religion. 22
Between 1845-1849, a million Irish die from starvation and sickness. 23
Between Britain and the Irish Republican Army, 1919-1921. Britain forged a treaty to give up control in most of Ireland, except for the area around Ulster (Northern Ireland). 24
Southern region (Republic of Ireland) gained independence in 1921, but Northern region remained loyal to Britain. Northern and Southern regions fight over complete independence 25
On January 30, 1972, British troops fire upon an anti-british protest killing 13 unarmed marchers. Event known as Bloody Sunday. The Good Friday Agreement of 1998 signifies the start of peace between Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland. 26
Also known as Emerald Island, about the size of Indiana. Ireland has 4.5 million people who speak Celtic & English. ⅓ live in Dublin, its capital. 27
84% Roman Catholic 3% Protestant (Anglican) 28
58% of people live in cities Specializes in manufacturing: glass, ceramics, ironwork, knitting, embroidery, etc. Ireland has a significant farming industry. The pub is the focal point of both demographics. 29
Parliamentary Democracy President is directly elected and serves 7-year terms Prime minister, second in command, heads the Oireachtas (parliament) 30
Agriculture and cattle raising Major crops: potatoes, barley, wheat, sugar, beets, and turnips Manufacturing is major provider for economy: machinery, computers, pharmaceuticals, and live animals 31
Euro replaced Irish punt in 2002. 32
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Some few remembered still when I was young A peasant girl commended by a song, Who d lived somewhere upon that rocky place, And praised the colour of her face, And had the greater joy in praising her, Remembering that, if walked she there, Farmers jostled at the fair So great a glory did the song confer. And certain men, being maddened by those rhymes, Or else by toasting her a score of times, Rose from the table and declared it right To test their fancy by their sight; But they mistook the brightness of the moon For the prosaic light of day Music had driven their wits astray And one was drowned in the great bog of Cloone. Strange, but the man who made the song was blind; Yet, now I have considered it, I find That nothing strange; the tragedy began With Homer that was a blind man, And Helen has all living hearts betrayed. O may the moon and sunlight seem One inextricable beam, For if I triumph I must make men mad. 34
Create a poem (or prose) that might resemble Irish folklore. Include one of the following cultural traits to talk about: History (ex. Celtics and folklore) Daily life (ex. life in the countryside or city) Your poem must include at least 10 lines and fully describe an event. 35