Election Cake Election Cake: Thirty quarts of flour, 10 pound butter, 14 pound sugar, 12 pound raisins, 3 dozen eggs, one pint wine, one quart brandy, 4 ounces cinnamon, 4 ounces fine colander seed, 3 ounces ground alspice; wet flour with milk to the consistence of bread over night, adding one quart yeast; the next morning work the butter and sugar together for half an hour, which will render the cake much lighter and whiter; when it has rise light work in every other ingredient except the plumbs, which work in when going into the oven. Amelia Simmons, American Cookery, 1796
American Enlightenment
Connecticut s Theocratic Democracy 1637 Hartford founded 1638 Hooker s Sermon 1639 Fundamental Orders 1662 Charter King Charles II 1667 King James II & Charter Oak
Collegiate School at Saybrook (Yale) 1600 1701
800 books sent to Yale New Learning: Science: Locke, Newton, Boyle, Sydenham Literature: Addison, Steel, Defoe, Butler Theology: Whitby, Barrow, Tillotson, Stillingfleet, Scott, Sherlock First century Latin, Greek, Hebrew texts
American Rev. Dr. Samuel Johnson of Guilford, New Haven, West Haven, Stratford, and NYC circa October 15, 1714
Atlas of Yale 1716-1719-1726 1718
Fired 1719
The Great Apostasy 1722 (Sidney Ahlstrom)
1 Anglican Parish 1723 Boston, Monday Sep 23-Oct 6 1 Monday Nov 4 Yale Sunday Nov 3 October 14
Anglican Emancipation Movement Standing Order Discriminatory Laws Church Tax protests and sit ins Jail and Whippings of Anglicans Threaten Charter Lobby for/against American Bishop
41 28 27 Churches/43 Parishes 1752 15 36 38 26 23 25 43 9 17 31 24 19 15 20 22 34 29 27 44 18 11 10 12 8 42 7 14 5 13 4 39 6 30 1 40 37 16 21 Yale 3 2 33 32 1 Stratford 1723 n Johnson 1723-1754
Trinity New Haven House church Nov 3, 1723 Adult baptism Jan 3,1724 Infant baptism Sep 11, 1724 First burial 1725 100 in 1728 for church Gregson conveyance Mar 3, 1736 Gregson property riot 1738 Two Wardens 1750 Hiram Lodge 1750 Samuel Mix, Jr. deed Jul 28,1752 Church built 1752 1753 Opened June 24, 1753 Gregson glebe deed 1764 Johnson s last church of 27 Benjamin Franklin visit June 24, 1753
Yale Disciples (74 of 97 w 57 ordained) Lay-readers -> Teachers -> Priests / laymen William Samuel Johnson
the pursuit of Happiness American philosophy, education, theology Puritan Johnson original sin pursing Happiness predestination freewill
the pursuit of Happiness philosophy, education, theology Happy God Absolute Soverign God
Synophsis Philosophiae Naturaliss 1714 Encyclopedia of Philosophy 1715 Revised Encyclopedia of Philosophy 1716 Logic 1720 Dr. Johnson s Philosophical Works Raphael or The Genius of the English America 1731 1743 1744 1746 1747? 1748 1752 1754 c.1765
Market Saturation the pursuit of Happiness ~3,500 Collegiates
Publicola (W.S. Johnson)
Stamp Act Debate October 8-19 From this time date the Slavery of the Colonies!, W.S. Johnson 1765
Revolution! Amos Doolittle 1775, the Paul Revere of New Haven Doolittle & Read 1786 First New England School
Trinity Members 1750-1800 Isaac Doolittle Ebenezer Chitterton For Mary Hillhouse Abel Buell
Trinity Families in the Revolution Patriots (10) v. Neutralist (4) v. Loyalist (2) known of ~48 Gun power mill: Isaac Doolittle & Elijah Thompson, opened a powder mill in Westville Militia: Amos Doolittle & Thomas Davis; 20 of 43 casualties have Trinity family names Privateers: Captain Caleb Trowbridge, Col. Joseph Drake, Captain William Punchard, Elias Shipman, Captain Stephen Mansfield, and Jared Mansfield 1785
Loyalist Camp Family British pillages New Haven July 5, 1779 Captain Abiathar Camp
Federal Convention Chair of the Committee of Style, U.S. Constitution 1788
Pounds to Dollars Trinity Parish in 1798
Religious Segregation Banks, Insurance, Schools wood brick
Churches 1812-1815 Trinity committee in 1810 Town meeting Dec. 1812 RFP 1813 won by Itheil Town Constructed 1814-1815 Consecrated 1816
War of 1812 June 18, 1812 December 24, 1814
1638 1790 1818 Single party system aristocratic rule, cronyism, inequitable taxation, entrenched corruption, and backward thinking only 50% adult males eligible to vote black/poor men excluded
Harry Croswell 1814
Harry Croswell (1778-1858) The People v. Croswell
Merchants New Haven 1800-1818
Cheshire Academy Founded 1794 by Samuel Seabury
The 1814 deal $60,000 to the Congregationalist Phoenix Bank for Yale $10,000 to the Bishop s Fund for an Episcopal college in Cheshire
Assembly Reneged! $20,000 to Yale Nothing to the Episcopal Academy at in Cheshire. Refused college charter
Toleration party Founded 1815 Downtrodden Episcopalians, Baptists, and Methodists Democratic-Republicans Enfranchisement Lost rigged elections of 1816 Wins elections of 1817 save for Council (senate)
Election Day 1818 Triumph of Toleration Party
Anniversary Election Sermon (1638 / 1674-1830)
Length Year Preacher Printed text Time 1783 President Ezra Stiles 99 pages 4 hours 1798 Dr. Azel Backus 54 2 hours 1808 Dr. Nathan Perkins 60 2 hours 1818 Rev. Harry Croswell 11 30 min.
Election Sermon Render, therefore, unto Caesar, the things which be Caesar s, and unto God, the things which be God's.
Spiritual Temporal
81 to 80 Vote resolution: that simple majority provides ratification
Printed 4 editions
Constitution Ratified October 5, 1818 13,918 to 12,364 Sec. 3. The exercise and enjoyment of religious profession and worship, without discrimination, shall forever be free to all persons in this state; provided, that the right hereby declared and established shall not be so construed as to excuse acts of licentiousness, or to justify practices inconsistent with the peace and safety of the state. Sec. 4. No preference shall be given by law to any christian sect or mode of worship.
Dr. William Samuel Johnson 1727-1819
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