To help protect y our priv acy, PowerPoint prev ented this external picture from being automatically downloaded. To download and display this

To help protect y our priv acy, PowerPoint prev ented this external picture from being automatically downloaded. To download and display this picture, click Options in the Message Bar, and then click Enable external content. 13 WeeksRecommended to a Better Understanding of Church History Resources

Church History in Plain Language 30-70 Jesus and the Apostles 70-312 Catholic Christianity 312-590 Christian Empire 590-1517 Middle Ages 1517-1648 Reformation 1648-1789 Reason and Revival 1789-19141914 Progress 1914-2008 Ideologies

AD 30-70 Jesus and the Apostles Jesus Birth Jerusalem Council Jerusalem Destroyed BC 0 32 49 64 70 AD 100 Pentecost Fire in Rome

AD 70-312 Catholic Christianity Tertullian Clement Justin Ignatius Irenaeus Origen Constantine AD 100 200 300 Marcion Diocletian Polycarp Gnosticism Crisis

AD 312-590 Christian Roman Empire Council of Nicea Sack of Rome Council of Chalcedon Leo Benedict 300 400 500 600 Constantine s Conversion Theodosius Augustine Fall of Rome Gregory the Great

AD 590-1517 Christian Middle Ages Muhammad/ Islam Church Split Francis of Assisi Bubonic Plague Inquisition 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 Gregory the Great Charlemagne/ Pope Leo III Crusades Wycliffe

AD 1517-1648 The Reformation Luther s 95 Theses John Knox Queen Mary King James 30 year War 1500 1550 1600 1650 John Calvin Jesuits Council of Trent Puritans / Mayflower

1517 Martin Luther posts his 95 theses on the door of the church in Wittenberg, Germany; the Protestant Reformation begins Luther challenges the Church to a discussion on the subjects of penance, the pope s authority, and abuses in the selling of indulgences. Luther posts 95 theses

Indulgences were certificates that freed their owners from performing the acts of penance that the church required to show sorrow for certain sins. Indulgences were never intended to let people buy forgiveness. An indulgence from Johann Tetzel (1517)

1520 The Pope publishes a bull (sealed declaration by the pope) giving ing Martin Luther 60 days to recant or be excommunicated Luther burns the document Luther burns the document

1521 Martin Luther is excommunicated by the pope Martin Luther marries former nun Katherine von Bora Katherine von Bora

1525 The Anabaptist movement, predecessor to Brethren and Mennonite churches, teaches believers baptism only, democratic decision making, and separation of church and state 1527 The city of Basel, Switzerland, orders corporeal punishment and confiscation of property for Christians who are baptized as adults and who shelter Anabaptists

Anabaptists ( re-baptizers from the Greek) were Christians who believed that infant baptism was not valid. They re-baptized adults who had been baptized as infants. Distinctive principles included: Restoration of primitive Christianity, including the rejection of oaths and capital punishment, and the refusal of roles in civil government.

Distinctive principles included: Belief in the absolute supremacy of the Bible as sufficient for faith, but with private inspiration playing an important part. Rejection of infant baptism and the doctrine of justification by faith alone. Holding of goods in common was to be the underlying principle of new Kingdom of God.

1535 The Münster Rebellion: Anabaptists take over the city of Münster and are slaughtered by Catholic residents previously expelled Later, under Menno Simons, Anabaptists adopt pacifism Menno Simons

1538 John Calvin is banished from Geneva, Switzerland; goes to Strasbourg, France Geneva s city council ousted tdjh John Calvin Cli over disagreement on the withholding of communion, moral censorship, and punishment by excommunication.

1541 John Calvin establishes a theocracy in Geneva, Switzerland, in which government leaders are also the religious leaders

1541 John Knox starts the Calvinist Reformation in Scotland Scottish Protestants become known as Presbyterians because elders ( presbyters ) make decisions for churches, not one person John Knox

1529 King Henry VIII of England summons the Reformation Parliament and begins to cut ties with ihthe Church hof frome King Henry VIII

1532 English clergy submits to Henry VIII, beginning process of declaring the king, rather than the pope, supreme authority over spiritual i matters King Henry VIII

1533 Thomas Cranmer becomes Archbishop of Canterbury, r ending debate on clerical celibacy (whether priests can marry) among Anglicans, as Cranmer is married Thomas Cranmer The Church of England is declared the officially established Christian church in England

1534 Act of Supremacy makes British monarch Henry VIII head of the English church, breaking away from Roman Catholic control The new Church of fengland (Anglican Church) sets forth a doctrinal statement: The 39 Articles. King Henry VIII

1534 Roman Catholic priest Ignatius Loyola ola founds Society of Jesus s (Jesuits) in Paris to spread Counter- Reformation and to evangelize Ignatius Loyola

The Counter-Reformation was the Roman Catholic Church s reaction to the Protestant Reformation. By addressing abuses, redefining doctrines and re-establishing the authority of the pope, the Roman Catholic Church was reformed in many ways.

The Counter-Reformation solidified the Roman Catholic Church against Protestantism, ensuring that there would be no reconciliation between the branches. Interestingly, the Protestant challenge did result in greater desire to end division dating to 1054 between Roman Catholic and Orthodox Churches.

1545 1545-1563 Council of Trent (Italy) Roman Catholic Counter-Reformation condemns the selling of indulgences, immorality of clergy, nepotism (appointing family members to church offices), and Protestantism Council of Trent

1546 Martin Luther dies 1549 The Church of England s Book of Common Prayer unites most English churches in a middle ground between Catholicism and Protestantism The Book of Common Prayer

1555 Peace of Augsburg (Germany) allows each ruler to determine religion of his region The Peace of Augsburg was a treaty signed between Charles V and Protestant t princes; it established the first permanent legal basis for the dual existence of Lutheranism and Catholicism in Germany. Charles V

he Reformation undoubtedly brought division within the church, but it also brought necessary change and new life to Western Christianity. The Reformation affected how we view scripture, salvation, and the sovereignty of God. In fact, five phrases came out of the Reformation that still shape the theology of churches today.

he Five Solas of the Reformation Sola Scriptura Scripture Alone Soli Deo Gloria For the Glory of God Alone Solo Christo Sola Gratia Sola Fide By Christ s Work Alone are We Saved Salvation by Grace Alone Justification by Faith Alone