CRISWELL COLLEGE EMS 417 P00.A INTERNATIONAL MISSION PRACTICUM

CRISWELL COLLEGE EMS 417 P00.A INTERNATIONAL MISSION PRACTICUM Fall 2016, 3 credit hours Bobby J. Worthington, D.Min. Telephone: 214-818-1361 Email: bworthington@criswell.edu COURSE DESCRIPTION: A study of cultural, religious, and anthropological issues related to engaging in intercultural ministry. The course includes involvement in a short-term cross-cultural missionary experience. Literature, methods, and models are examined and evaluated, including specific techniques for evangelizing and discipling people from a particular ministry focus people. Emphasis is placed on discipleship training, lay evangelism, as well as church mobilization. Students receive training in evangelistic methods and church planting models specific to the practicum project. With approval from the Vice President of Academic Affairs, students may repeat Mission Practicum courses for credit, provided that they are exposed to a different cross-cultural setting. A passing grade requires that students fulfill the travel aspect of the course during the academic year in which it is taken. (Prerequisites: THS 101, EMS 101. Course only open to Juniors or Seniors). COURSE OBJECTIVES: 1. Biblical Studies: To articulate in verbal form the gospel story from Creation to New Creation and present it in an evangelistic presentation. 2. Theology: To demonstrate an understanding of the biblical and theological foundations of mission and missions. 3. Integration: To be equipped mentally and spiritually for engaging in strategic and impactful short-term missions. 4. General Education: To be exposed to life and ministry in an international context. 5. Integration: To critically evaluate principles, methods, and models of cross-cultural evangelism, discipleship, and church planting. 6. Integration: To learn about and engage in demographic and ethnographic research on a specific people group, city, or population segment. 7. Integration: To evaluate the strategic role of your local church in reaching unreached people groups (UPGs) here in the US and/or abroad, and develop a strategy for planting churches among a specific UPG in the DFW area and/or overseas. REQUIRED TEXTS (see the reading schedule below): Ashford, Bruce Riley, ed. Theology and Practice of Mission: God, the Church, and the Nations. Nashville: B&H Academic, 2011. ISBN: 9780805464122. 344 pages. Elmer, Duane. Cross Cultural Connections: Stepping Out and Fitting in around the World. Downers Grove, Ill.: InterVarsity Press, 2002. ISBN: 0830823093. 215 pages. The Story Primer Guide. This is available in PDF format online for $5 or you can order a hard copy for $15. Please purchase it, download it, and be ready to use it by Week 2. It is available at: http://secure.spreadtruth.com/spreadtruth/store/cart.php?target=category&category_id=4 COURSE REQUIREMENTS: A. CLASS PARTICIPATION (5%): All students are required to come to class ready to participate actively in class discussions of lectures, reflective summaries and reading assignments. 1

B. WEEKLY READING QUIZZES (25%): A quiz will be administered via BlackBoard each week to determine the student s comprehension and mastery of the required reading assignments from Ashford, Elmer, and the Story Guide (see schedule below). You must complete all the reading assignments and quiz for that week one hour before coming to class or you will receive an F for this assignment. C. WEEKLY REFLECTIVE SUMMARIES ON ELMER (20%): Each student is required to write a 1-2 page (maximum) reflective summary on the chapters scheduled from Elmer s book each week. You should analyze the chapters according to the following three dimensions: content, positive evaluation/negative evaluation, application. Each dimension should be titled. Your summary should be uploaded to Blackboard at least one hour before class starts. Additionally, one or more students will be called upon to lead the class in a discussion of assigned chapters each week including discussion questions at the end of each chapter. D. ETHNOGRAPHIC STUDY/MOBILIZATION STRATEGY, AND CLASS PRESENTATION (25%): Each student (or in small groups see the note below) is required to formulate a demographic and ethnographic profile of the people group, city, or population segment he/she intends to serve among. The research should be around 10-15 pages (maximum), double-spaced, and include the elements listed below (please title each of these five elements separately and follow the instructions for each closely). Presentations will take place during one of the final two class sessions, but you can submit your assignment any time during the semester: 1) Demographic Information on the Country and/or PG (10 pts.): This can be gained from numerous websites, including those from the United Nations or from the government of that particular country. You should include data concerning the age distribution, literacy statistics, languages spoken in the country, population distribution, recent history, and other relevant information. Include maps of the country, special symbols (religious or otherwise), and any other important information you come across. The literacy information should include information on whether the Bible or other evangelistic literature is present in the language of your PG or in one of their possible trade languages. If your PG is illiterate, you ll want to research what culturally sensitive resources are available for sharing the gospel with this particular PG in oral form. 2) Religious Affiliation/Worldview and Evangelical Presence (10 pts.): Your should research should include information on what religion(s) the people adhere to and provide a brief sketch of their beliefs/worldview along with a brief explanation of how you would go about sharing the gospel with someone from this PG. Ashford s book should assist you in this, but if other resources are necessary, the student will be required to locate them. This section should also include information on the presence of indigenous, evangelical churches, as well as organizations (Western or others) working among this PG or in the area where you ll be serving. 3) Evangelical Church Visit (20 pts.): As a part of your research, you are required to visit an evangelical church service that corresponds (roughly) to the PG you re focused on. Several options are available in DFW (African, Israeli, Arab, Iranian, Hispanic, Ethiopian, Russian, Indian, Burmese, Chinese, etc.). You will record observations about the visit in your research. Details will be discussed in class. This is a required component of your research project. 2

4) Community Contact (20 pts.): In addition to visiting a church, you are required to make contact with a person or family in the DFW area that is from your PG (or is near-culture) and interview them about their country, beliefs, traditions, etc. You can accomplish this by contacting or visiting student organizations or International Student Houses at nearby universities (SMU, UTD, etc.). It is preferred that this person not be a Criswell, DTS, DBU, or SWBTS student (or someone going into ministry). You should record your interactions, questions, and answers from this encounter in your study. 5) Local/International Mobilization Strategy (40 pts.): Here you have a choice. If your PG is represented in the DFW area, I want you to outline a plan for how you are going to mobilize your church to reach out and plant a church among them. This should be brief but include information on what preparation or training may be needed, where the PG lives, how you ll make contact with them, how you ll share the gospel in a culturally sensitive way, a plan for discipling and training leaders, what doing church among them might look like, etc. I d like you to articulate the steps you ll go through in order to implement this plan. The professor will present a 5 phase approach to church-planting during one of the lectures that you must use. Alternatively, you can design a plan for mobilizing your local church to plant a church among this PG in their country of origin. Include the same 5 phase approach and other information requested above, but also include a plan for the use of short-term mission trips and how this dovetails with a longer-term strategy of planting faithful, vibrant and relevant churches among this PG, and who/what organizations or individuals your church will partner with to implement this strategy. NOTE about format and documentation: I have placed examples of strategies in the Supplemental Material on Blackboard that you can use as a guide for your mobilization strategy. I do not expect you to interact with a lot of outside literature; however, if you do, you must footnote it. NOTE about working in small groups: For students going to the same location, you are required to work in small groups and present the research together; however, each individual needs to participate and work individually on the church visit, community contact, and mobilization strategy (parts 3, 4, 5) of the research. E. TRIP ASSIGNMENT (20%): During your actual trip, the lead professor will assign different tasks to each student or to the group. Also, he will evaluate your ministry performance during this time. Successful completion of the trip component of the course is contingent upon fulfilling the ministry you ve been assigned while on the trip. F. FINAL EVALUATION (5%): Upon returning from your trip, you are to answer all of the questions from the Appendix of Elmer s text as an overall evaluation in BlackBoard. This assignment must be submitted to Dr. Worthington via BlackBoard no later than 7 days after returning from your trip. Each day the assignment is late 5%, will be deducted from your final grade. **IMPORTANT NOTICE**: All assignments must be submitted in.doc or.pdf format via Blackboard. Do not email your assignments to the professor. **IMPORTANT NOTICE**: The trip component of this course must be completed within one academic year. Failing to do so will result in an F for your final grade. 3

Attendance policy: On-Campus Class Attendance: Students are responsible for enrolling in courses for which they anticipate being able to attend every class session on the day and time appearing on course schedules, and then making every effort to do so. When unavoidable situations result in absence or tardiness, students are responsible for acquiring any information missed. Professors are not obliged to allow students to make up missed work. Per their independent discretion, individual professors may determine how attendance affects students ability to meet course learning objectives and whether attendance affects course grades. Grading scale: A 97-100 4.0 grade points per semester hour A- 93-96 3.7 grade points per semester hour B+ 91-92 3.3 grade points per semester hour B 88-90 3.0 grade points per semester hour B- 86-87 2.7 grade points per semester hour C+ 83-85 2.3 grade points per semester hour C 80-82 2.0 grade points per semester hour C- 78-79 1.7 grade points per semester hour D+ 75-77 1.3 grade points per semester hour D 72-74 1.0 grade point per semester hour D- 70-71 0.7 grade points per semester hour F 0-69 0.0 grade points per semester hour Incomplete Grades: Students requesting a grade of Incomplete (I) must understand that incomplete grades may be given only upon approval of the faculty member involved. An I may be assigned only when a student is currently passing a course and in situations involving extended illness, serious injury, death in the family, or employment or government reassignment, not student neglect. Students are responsible for contacting their professors prior to the end of the semester, plus filing the appropriate completed and approved academic request form with the Registrar s Office. The I must be removed (by completing the remaining course requirements) no later than 60 calendar days after the grade was assigned, or the I will become an F. Institutional policies: Academic Honesty: Absolute truth is an essential belief and basis of behavior for those who believe in a God who cannot lie and forbids falsehood. Academic honesty is the application of the principle of truth in the classroom setting. Academic honesty includes the basic premise that all work submitted by students must be their own and any ideas derived or copied from elsewhere must be carefully documented. Academic dishonesty includes, but is not limited to: cheating of any kind, submitting, without proper approval, work originally prepared by the student for another course, plagiarism, which is the submitting of work prepared by someone else as if it were his own, and failing to credit sources properly in written work. 4

Learning Disabilities: In order to ensure full class participation, any student with a disabling condition requiring special accommodations (e.g., tape recorders, special adaptive equipment, special note-taking or testtaking needs) is strongly encouraged to contact the instructor at the beginning of the course or if a student has a learning disability, please inform the professor so assistance can be provided. Auditing and Sit-in Students: Any on-campus course may be audited if there is space available in the classroom. Audit students do not receive grades from professors. A student s permanent transcript will reflect which courses have been completed as audits. Sit-in status is offered only if space is available in the classroom and when approval is given by the Registrar s Office. Sit-in students are not given grades by professors and their transcripts will not reflect enrollment in the course. Taking tests and participation in course activities are at the discretion of the professor. Distance education: (One requirement in your distance education course should include a more specific assignment or task which will involve the student s use of Wallace Library s resources in a way that can be evaluated.) General: Students participating in courses through Distance Education, whether with or without live interaction, must complete the academic requirements for those courses with the integrity and commitment necessary to participate in and benefit from all of the exercises provided by the professor for learning the subject matter of the course. Therefore credit for Distance Education courses is the same as credit for courses taken on campus. Library: Distance education students can access information about Criswell College s Wallace Library at http://www.criswell.edu/current_students/library/. The Wallace Library manual is available at http://www.criswell.edu/current_students/library/library_handbook/. Student Life: Students needing educational support or services should contact the Student Life Office (SLO) at 214-818-1332 or studentlife@criswell.edu. Video and Other Intellectual Property Rights: Unless otherwise specifically instructed in writing by the professor, students must neither materially nor digitally reproduce materials from any course offered by Criswell College for or with the significant possibility of distribution. Reading Assignments and Course Outline: A = Ashford; E = Elmer; Story Guide Primer Edition WEEK 1 (8/18/16) Introduction to the Course and Overview of Syllabus 1. Complete Quiz #1 2. Read The Story Booklet (i.e., tract) AND download and install the app on your smart phone (if you have one): iphone: http://itunes.apple.com/us/app/the-story/id432628185?mt=8 Android: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=org.spreadtruth.thestory 3. Download: The Story Primer Guide. This is available in PDF format online for $5 or you can order a hard copy for $15. Please purchase it, download it, and be ready to use it by Week 2. It is available at: 5

http://secure.spreadtruth.com/spreadtruth/store/cart.php?target=catego ry&category_id=4 WEEK 2 (8/25/16) WEEK 3 (9/01/16) WEEK 4 (9/08/16) WEEK 5 (9/15/16) WEEK 6 (9/22/16) WEEK 7 (9/29/16) Trip Information: Basic Information, Student Travel Profile Form, Sample Support Letter Demographic & Ethnographic Research and Your Mobilization Strategy Church Planting Phases and Pioneer Church Planting (Ott and Wilson) 1. Read A (Intro, chs. 1-2); E (Preface, chs. 1-3). Be ready to discuss them in class. 2. Read The Story Guide Primer Edition (pgs. 1-19) and complete the Explore parts. 3. Memorize Luke 24:27 in God s Story (p. 12) in The Story Guide Primer Edition. 4. Upload Elmer Reflective Summary Week #2. (Due: one hour before class) end of chapters 1-3 for Week #2 6. Complete Quiz #2 (Due: one hour before class) Linking Prayer and Missions 1. Read A (chs. 3-5); E (chs. 4-6). Be ready to discuss them in class. 2. Read The Story Guide Primer Edition (pgs. 20-33) and complete the Explore parts. 3. Memorize Gen. 1:1 in the Creation Section (p.21) in The Story Guide Primer Edition. 4. Upload Elmer Reflective Summary Week #3. (Due: one hour before class) end of chapters 4-6 for Week #3 6. Complete Quiz #3. (Due: one hour before class) Theology and Practice of Mission (Part One & Two) 1. Read A (chs. 6-9); E (chs. 7-8). Be ready to discuss them in class. 2. Read The Story Guide Primer Edition (pgs. 34-45) and complete the Explore parts. 3. Memorize Ro. 3:10 in the Fall section (p. 35) in The Story Guide Primer Edition. 4. Upload Elmer Reflective Summary Week #4 (Due: one hour before class) end of chapters 7-8 for Week #4 6. Complete Quiz #4. (Due: one hour before class) Theology and Practice of Mission (Part Three & Four) Assignments 1. Read A (chs. 10-12); E (chs. 9-11). Be ready to discuss them in class. 2. Read The Story Guide Primer Edition (pgs. 46-61) and complete the Explore parts. 3. Memorize Col. 1:13 in the Rescue section (p. 47) in The Story Guide Primer Edition. 4. Upload Elmer Reflective Summary Week #5. (Due: one hour before class) end of chapters 9-11 for Week #5 6. Complete Quiz #5. (Due: one hour before class) Cross-Cultural Connections (Part One) 1. Read A (chs. 13-15); E (12-14). Be ready to discuss them in class. 2. Read The Story Guide Primer Edition (pgs. 62-71) and complete the Explore parts. 3. Memorize Rev. 21:5 in the Restoration section (p. 63) in The Story Guide Primer unt. 4. Upload Elmer Reflective Summary Week #6. (Due: one hour before class) end of chapters 12-14 for Week #6 5. Complete Quiz #6. (Due: one hour before class) Cross-Cultural Connections (Part Two) Student (PowerPoint) Presentations of Ethnographic Study/Mobilization Strategy 1. Read A (chs. 16-20); E (chs. 15-17). Be ready to discuss them in class. 6

2. Read The Story Guide Primer Edition (pgs. 72-81) and complete the Explore parts. 3. Upload Elmer Reflective Summary Week #7. (Due: one hour before class) 4. Prepare to discuss Elmer s Reflective Summary including discussion questions at the end of chapters 15-17 for Week #7 5. Complete Quiz #7. (Due: one hour before class) 6. Student (PowerPoint) Presentations of Ethnographic Study/Mobilization Strategy in Class WEEK 8 (10/06/16) Student (PowerPoint) Presentations of Ethnographic Study/Mobilization Strategy 1. Read A (chs. 21-22); E (chs. 18-21, Epilogue, Appendix). Be ready to discuss them in class. 2. Read The Story Guide Primer Edition (pgs. 82-91) and complete the Explore parts. 3. Upload Elmer Reflective Summary Week #8. (Due: one hour before class) 4. Complete Quiz #8. (Due: one hour before class) end of chapters 18-21 for Week #8 6. Student (PowerPoint) Presentations of Ethnographic Study/Mobilization Strategy in Class. 7. Etnographic Study/Mobilization Final Paper (10-15 pages) due: 03/10/15 @11:59pm in Blackboard BIBLIOGRAPHY Adeney, Frances S. Graceful Evangelism: Christian Witness in a Complex World. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Baker Academic, 2010. Allen, Roland. The Spontaneous Expansion of the Church and the Causes Which Hinder it. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Eerdmans, 1962. Bruce Riley Ashford, ed. Theology and Practice of Mission: God, the Church, and the Nations. Nashville: B&H Academic, 2011. Barrs, Jerram. Learning Evangelism From Jesus. Wheaton, Ill.: Crossway Books, 2009. Bartholomew, Craig G., and Michael W. Goheen. Story and Biblical Theology. In Out of Egypt: Biblical Theology and Biblical Interpretation, 144 171. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Zondervan, 2004. Bauckham, Richard. Bible and Mission: Christian Witness in a Postmodern World. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Baker Academic, 2003. Bavinck, Johan Herman. An Introduction to the Science of Missions. Philadelphia: Presbyterian and Reformed, 1960.. The Church Between Temple and Mosque. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Eerdmans, 1966. Beeke, Joel R. Puritan Evangelism: A Biblical Approach. 2nd ed. ed. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Reformation Heritage Books, 2007. Bevans, Stephen B. Models of Contextual Theology. Maryknoll, N.Y.: Orbis, 2002. Bosch, David Jacobus. Transforming Mission: Paradigm Shifts in Theology of Mission. Maryknoll, N.Y.: Orbis Books, 1991. Brueggemann, Walter. Biblical Perspectives on Evangelism: Living in a Three-Storied Universe. Nashville: Abingdon Press, 1993. Carey, William. An Enquiry Into the Obligations of Christians to Use Means for the Conversion of the Heathens. Carson, D. A. Christ and Culture Revisited. Grand Rapids, Mich.: William B. Eerdmans Pub. Co., 2008. Chaney, Charles L. Church Planting At the End of the Twentieth Century. Rev. and expanded ed. ed. Wheaton, Ill.: Tyndale House, 1991. Chester, Tim, and Steve Timmis. Total Church: A Radical Reshaping Around Gospel and Community. Wheaton, Ill.: Crossway Books, 2008. Chilcote, Paul Wesley, and Laceye C. Warner. The Study of Evangelism: Exploring a Missional Practice of the Church. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Eerdmans, 2008. Clark, David K. To Know and Love God: Method for Theology. Wheaton, Ill.: Crossway, 2003. 7

Coleman, Robert Emerson. The Heart of the Gospel : The Theology Behind the Master Plan of Evangelism. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Baker Books, 2011. Corbitt, J. Nathan. The Sound of the Harvest: Music s Mission in Church and Culture. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Baker, 1998. Corduan, Winfried. A Tapestry of Faiths: The Common Threads Between Christianity & World Religions. Downers Grove, Ill.: InterVarsity Press, 2002. Demarest, Bruce A. The Cross and Salvation: The Doctrine of Salvation. Vol. Foundations of evangelical theology ; vol. 1. Wheaton, Ill.: Crossway, 1997. Dent, Don. The Critical Need for Contextualization. Dever, Mark. The Gospel and Personal Evangelism. Wheaton, Ill.: Crossway Books, 2007. DeYoung, Kevin., and Greg Gilbert. What is the Mission of the Church? : Making Sense of Social Justice, Shalom, and the Great Commission. Wheaton, Ill.: Crossway, 2011. Drummond, Lewis A. The Word of the Cross: A Contemporary Theology of Evangelism. Nashville, Tenn.: Broadman Press, 1992. Earley, Dave, and David A. Wheeler. Evangelism Is.: How to Share Jesus With Passion and Confidence. Nashville, Tenn.: B & H Academic, 2010. Elkins, Charles Thomas. To Tell the Story: A Narrative Approach to Theology, Evangelism, and Preaching. Fuller Theological Seminary, 2002. Elmer, Duane. Cross Cultural Connections: Stepping Out and Fitting in Around the World. Downers Grove, Ill.: InterVarsity Press, 2002.. Cross-Cultural Servanthood: Serving the World in Christlike Humility. Downers Grove, Ill.: IVP Books, 2006. Engen, Charles E. Van, Darrell L. Whiteman, and John Dudley Woodberry. Paradigm Shifts in Christian Witness: Insights From Anthropology, Communication, and Spiritual Power: Essays in Honor of Charles H. Kraft. Maryknoll, N.Y.: Orbis Books, 2008. Filbeck, David. Yes, God of the Gentiles, Too: The Missionary Message of the Old Testament. Wheaton, Ill.: Billy Graham Center, 1994. Flemming, Dean E. Contextualization in the New Testament: Patterns for Theology and Mission. Downers Grove, Ill.: InterVarsity, 2005. Garrison, David. Church Planting Movements: How God is Redeeming a Lost World. Midlothian, Va.: WIGTake, 2004. Green, Michael. Evangelism in the Early Church. Rev. ed ed. Grand Rapids, Mich.: W.B. Eerdmans, 2003. Griffith, Sidney H. The Church in the Shadow of the Mosque: Christians and Muslims in the World of Islam. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton, 2008. Hesselgrave, David J. Planting Churches Cross-Culturally: A Guide for Home and Foreign Missions. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Baker Book House, 1980.. Communicating Christ Cross-Culturally: An Introduction to Missionary Communication. 2nd ed. ed. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Zondervan, 1990.. Paradigms in Conflict : 10 Key Questions in Christian Missions Today. Grand Rapids, MI: Kregel Publications, 2005.. Will We Correct the Edinburgh Error?: Future Mission in Historical Perspective. Southwest Journal of Theology 49:2, (2007): 120 149. Hesselgrave, David J., and Edward Rommen. Contextualization: Meanings, Methods, and Models. Pasadena, Calif.: William Carey Library, 2000. Hick, John. An Interpretation of Religion: Human Responses to the Transcendent. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University, 1989. John Hick, and Brian Hebblethwaite, eds. Christianity and Other Religions: Selected Readings. Oxford: OneWorld, 2001. Hick, John, Clark H. Pinnock, R. Douglas Geivett, and W. Gary Phillips. Four Views on Salvation in a Pluralistic World. ed. Dennis L. Okholm, and Timothy R. Phillips. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Zondervan, 1996. Hiebert, Paul G. Anthropological Insights for Missionaries. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Baker Book House, 1985. 8

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Netland, Harold A. Encountering Religious Pluralism: The Challenge to Christian Faith & Mission. Downers Grove, Ill.: InterVarsity, 2001. Newbigin, Lesslie. The Gospel in a Pluralist Society. Grand Rapids, Mich.: W.B. Eerdmans, 1989. Nicholls, Bruce J. Contextualization: A Theology of Gospel and Culture. Vancouver, British Columbia: Regent College, 2003. Nickel, Gordon D. Peaceable Witness Among Muslims. Scottdale, Pa.: Herald Press, 1999. Niebuhr, H. Richard. Christ and Culture. [1st ed.] ed. New York: Harper, 1951. Nieman, James R., and Thomas G. Rogers. Preaching to Every Pew: Cross-Cultural Strategies. Minneapolis, MN: Fortress Press, 2001. Ott, Craig, and Harold A. Netland. Globalizing Theology: Belief and Practice in an Era of World Christianity. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Baker, 2006. Ott, Craig, Stephen J. Strauss, and Timothy C. Tennent. Encountering Theology of Mission : Biblical Foundations, Historical Developments, and Contemporary Issues. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Baker Academic, 2010. Ott, Craig, and Gene Wilson. Global Church Planting: Biblical Principles and Best Practices for Multiplication. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Baker Academic, 2011. Packer, J. I. Evangelism and the Sovereignty of God. Downers Grove, Ill.: InterVarsity Press, 1961. John Parratt, ed. An Introduction to Third World Theologies. New York: Cambridge University, 2004. Patrick, Darrin. Church Planter: The Man, the Message, the Mission. Crossway, 2010. Patterson, George, and Richard Scoggins. Church Multiplication Guide: The Miracle of Church Reproduction. Pasadena, Calif.: William Carey Library, 2002. Peters, George W. A Biblical Theology of Missions. Chicago: Moody Press, 1972. Pikkert, Peter. Protestant Missionaries to the Middle East: Ambassadors of Christ Or Culture? Hamilton, Ontario: WEC Canada, 2008. Piper, John. Let the Nations be Glad!: The Supremacy of God in Missions. 2nd ed., rev. and expanded. ed. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Baker Academic, 2003. Plueddemann, James E. Leading Across Cultures: Effective Ministry and Mission in the Global Church. Downers Grove, Ill.: IVP Academic, 2009. Pratt. Biblical Foundations and Guidelines for Contextualization. Register, Ray G. Dialogue and Interfaith Witness With Muslims : A Guide and Sample Ministry in the U.S.A. 1st ed. ed. Kingsport, Tenn.: Moody Books, 1979.. Back to Jerusalem: Church Planting Movements in the Holy Land. Enumclaw, Wash.: WinePress, 2000. Reid, Alvin L. Introduction to Evangelism. Nashville, Tenn.: Broadman & Holman, 1998.. Evangelism Handbook: Biblical, Spiritual, Intentional, Missional. Nashville, Tenn.: B&H Academic, 2009. Robert, Dana Lee. Christian Mission: How Christianity Became a World Religion. Malden, Mass.: Wiley-Blackwell, 2009. Robinson, George G. Striking the Match : How God is Using Ordinary People to Change the World Through Short-Term Missions. 1st ed. ed. Franklin, TN: E3 Resources, 2008. Edward Rommen, and Gary Corwin, eds. Missiology and the Social Sciences: Contributions, Cautions, and Conclusions. Vol. Evangelical Missiological Society series ; no. 4, Pasadena, Calif.: William Carey Library, 1996. Sanneh, Lamin O. Translating the Message: The Missionary Impact on Culture. Maryknoll, N.Y.: Orbis, 1989.. Disciples of All Nations: Pillars of World Christianity. New York: Oxford University, 2008. Sanneh, Lamin O., and Joel A. Carpenter. The Changing Face of Christianity: Africa, the West, and the World. New York: Oxford University, 2005. Schnabel, Eckhard J. Early Christian Mission. Vol. 2 vols. Downers Grove, Ill. Leicester, England: InterVarsity Press Apollos, 2004.. Paul the Missionary: Realities, Strategies and Methods. Downers Grove, Ill.: InterVarsity, 2008. Schreiter, Robert J. Constructing Local Theologies. Maryknoll, N.Y.: Orbis, 1985. 10

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