February 29. EQ- Who were the Greek philosophers?

Transcription

1 February 29 EQ- Who were the Greek philosophers? Do Now- The Greeks used myths involving the Gods to explain natural events (like storms, earthquakes, eclipses). Can you think of anything similar that you were taught as a child? Agenda: 1. Daily Sheet 2. Review Greek gods and goddesses 3. Greek philosophers 1. Notes and LapBook Assignment Table of Contents: 60. February 29 & March Greek Philosophers Notes

2 Macedonia, Alexander the Great, and the Hellenistic World

3 Macedonia Macedonians were culturally and ethnically related to the Greeks- located just above Greece Actually looked upon as sort of barbarian cousins by the Greeks of Athens, Sparta, etc. King Philip II of Macedonia Amazing military strategist and weapon developer Expanded his territory north to the Danube River and south into the Greek peninsula Conquered all city-states except Sparta by 338 B.C.E. Killed while planning to attack Persia (336 B.C.E.)

4 Alexander the Great One of King Phillip s sons Tutored by the philosopher Aristotle mother was not Macedonian Wanted to conquer Persia like his father Wanted to spread Greek culture throughout the world His father was killed by Alexander s friends Alexander becomes king at 20 in 336 BC

5 Alexander s Conquests: First put down local revolts in Greece (including destroying Thebes) Invasion of Persia, Egypt and India using an army of 35,000 Greek troops Empire was so huge: Set up capital in Babylon (located in modern-day Iraq) in 324 B.C.E. Died of a fever (poison?!) in 323 B.C.E. at age 33

6 When they were conquered: Set up key cities in every place he conquered Had army veterans and their families settle in each city Encouraged his soldier to marry into the families in conquered areas Used local governors (Satraps) to govern conquered lands Adopted things from the cultures of conquered lands Used soldiers from conquered lands in his army All of this made him successful at making conquered people feel Greek

7 Alexander s Empire Fell apart after Alexander s death <too big for them to manage> Generals fought for control Empire divided into 3: Egypt Ptolemy Most of Asian empire Seleucus Macedonia and Greece Antigonus New dynasties ruled for hundreds of years until conquered by Rome

8 Alexander s Impact: Spread Greek culture beyond the Greeks & headed the largest empire the world had known Founded numerous cities Married a daughter of Darius Encouraged his soldiers to take Persian wives Worshiped foreign gods and goddesses Recognized as foreign incarnations of Greek gods Encouraged trade throughout his empire Settled Greeks throughout his empire Greek culture called Hellenistic as it spread and mingled with other cultures

9 Alexandria, Egypt City in Egypt founded by, and named after, Alexander the Great Ptolemy came to rule Egypt after Alexander s death Ptolemy built a university in Alexandria Library of Alexandria Included 700,000 volumes written on papyrus Center of research and scholarship in the world

10 Timeline of Alexander the Great Directions: 1. Place each date and event on your timeline. 2. Draw and color a simple picture to represent each image.

11 Was Alexander a HERO or a VILLIAN? Step 1: Complete the document activities in your group. Answer the questions and discuss your answers. Step 2: Decide as a group if you think he was a hero or a villain and four reasons why. Complete the planning page. Step 3: Write a persuasive paragraph as to why Alexander should be considered a hero or a villain. Be sure to fully explain your reasons.