Reforming American Society

Transcription

1 Date HAPTER 8 orm A HAPTER TEST Reforming American Society Part 1: Main Ideas Write the letter of the best answer. (4 points each) 1. or which action is Nat Turner well known? a. leading a violent slave revolt c. publishing an antislavery newspaper b. fighting in the American Revolution d. promoting a nonviolent end to slavery 2. What did the abolition movement promote? a. relocating black slaves to Africa b. prohibiting the drinking of alcohol c. removing Native Americans from eastern states d. ending the institution of slavery 3. What belief was one important feature of the Second Great Awakening? a. a belief in the truth found in nature b. a belief in personal responsibility for salvation c. a belief in a God who decides each person s fate d. a belief in the perfection of human beings 4. What term refers to the 19th-century belief that married women s activities should be limited to housework and family? a. feminism c. the cult of sentiments b. temperance d. the cult of domesticity 5. Which of the following did rederick Douglass not do? a. emigrate to Africa c. work as an urban slave b. publish a newspaper d. lecture on the evils of slavery 6. Which of the following was not a problem faced by mill girls in Massachusetts? a. wage cuts c. lack of safe places to stay b. increased workloads d. unhealthy working conditions 7. In what way was the National Trades Union unusual for its time? a. It represented only glassworkers. b. It represented workers in a variety of industries. c. It discouraged striking as a means of protest. d. It was supported by bankers and business owners. 8. In which philosophical movement was Ralph Waldo Emerson a leader? a. utopianism c. humanitarianism b. Unitarianism d. transcendentalism 140 Unit 2, hapter 8

2 Test orm A continued 9. Which group commonly worked as strikebreakers for low wages? a. young women c. Irish immigrants b. free blacks d. temperance workers 10. What are journeymen? a. workers who join labor unions b. workers who move from job to job c. young workers who are learning a new craft d. skilled artisans who are employed by master artisans Part 2: Map Skills Use the map to complete this section. Write the letter of the best answer. (4 points each) 11. Which industries were found west of the Mississippi? a. coal, clothing, and weaponry c. timber, textiles, and machinery b. coal, flour, and timber d. iron, timber, and clothing 12. Which industries were common in New England? a. textiles and clothing c. iron and weaponry b. coal and timber d. clothing and flour Northern ities and Industry, ities with over 100,000 population Iron and copper ore Weaponry lour oal anal Lake Superior Textiles lothing and footwear Timber Machinery and equipment Railroad ME IA Mississippi Missouri MO WI St. Louis IL hicago Lake Michigan Wabash Ohio IN MI incinnati Lake Huron Detroit leveland Louisville KY OH Lake Erie Buffalo Lake Ontario Allegheny Pittsburgh Baltimore Monongahela Washington, D.. Richmond VA PA Schuylkill NY Hudson Newark MD DE VT Delaware hesapeake Bay MA Bay NJ Philadelphia 0 0 NH New York Brooklyn Boston RI T N ATLANTI OEAN 100 Miles 100 Kilometers Reforming American Society 141

3 Test orm A continued 13. Approximately how many miles would one have to travel via railroad to get from Philadelphia to Newark? a. 50 c. 150 b. 100 d Which city with a population of over 100,000 is located farthest west? a. Boston c. Philadelphia b. St. Louis d. incinnati 15. Which industries were located in Massachusetts between 1830 and 1850? a. coal, timber, and iron c. clothing, textiles, and machinery b. weaponry, machinery, and textiles d. flour, clothing, machinery Part 3: Document-Based Questions Historical ontext: In mid-nineteenth century America, enslaved Africans were considered the property of their owners. Some escaped slaves told their life stories in autobiographies called slave narratives. Study each document carefully and answer the question about it. (4 points each) Document 1 Some months after our marriage, the unfeeling master to whom I belonged... was constrained to sell me to his brother, who lived within seven miles of Wm. Gatewood, who then held Malinda as his property. I was permitted to visit her only on Saturday nights, after my work was done, and I had to be at home before sunrise on Monday mornings or take a flogging. He proved to be so oppressive, and so unreasonable in punishing his victims, that I soon found I should have to run away in self-defence. But he soon began to take the hint, and sold me to Wm. Gatewood the owner of Malinda. With my new residence I confess that I was much dissatisfied.... To live where I must be eye witness to [Malinda s] insults, scourgings, and abuses, such as are common to be inflicted upon slaves, was more than I could bear.... Not many months after I took up my residence on Wm. Gatewood s plantation, Malinda made me a father. The dear little daughter was called Mary rances. She was nurtured and caressed by her mother and father, until... I felt it to be my duty to leave my family and go into a foreign country for a season. Malinda s business was to labor out in the field the greater part of her time, and there was no one to take care of poor little rances, while her mother was toiling in the field. She was left at the house to creep under the feet of an unmerciful old mistress, whom I have known to slap with her hand the face of little rances, for crying after her mother, until her little face was left black and blue. from the slave narrative of Henry Bibb, published in Unit 2, hapter 8

4 Test orm A continued 16. Before Henry Bibb was sold to Mr. Gatewood, how was he able to see his wife? Document 2 Runaway Slave Notice, Who was Henry May, and what was his relationship to William Burke? Reforming American Society 143

5 Test orm A continued Document 3 Since I left you, I have had a rich experience. I have occupied situations which I never dreamed of when a slave. Three out of the ten years since I left you, I spent as a common laborer on the wharves of New Bedford, Massachusetts. It was there I earned my first free dollar. It was mine. I could spend it as I pleased. I could buy hams or herring with it, without asking any odds of anybody. That was a precious dollar to me. You remember when I used to make seven, or eight, or even nine dollars a week in Baltimore, you would take every cent of it from me every Saturday night, saying that I belonged to you, and my earnings also So far as my domestic affairs are concerned, I can boast of as comfortable a dwelling as your own. I have an industrious and neat companion, and four dear children the oldest a girl of nine years, and three fine boys, the oldest eight, the next six, and the youngest four years old. The three oldest are now going regularly to school two can read and write, and the other can spell, with tolerable correctness, words of two syllables. Dear fellows! they are all in comfortable beds, and are sound asleep, perfectly secure under my own roof. There are no slaveholders here to rend my heart by snatching them from my arms, or blast a mother s dearest hopes by tearing them from her bosom. These dear children are ours not to work up into rice, sugar, and tobacco, but to watch over, regard, and protect.... from To My Old Master, Thomas Auld by rederick Douglass, Why was rederick Douglass s first dollar earned in New Bedford so precious to him? 19. How were the lives of slaves different from the lives of free blacks in the mid- 1800s? Write a brief essay in response to this question, citing evidence and examples from the three documents. You may use the back of this paper or a separate sheet for your essay. (8 points) 144 Unit 2, hapter 8

6 Test orm A continued Part 4: Extended Response Answer each of the following questions in a paragraph on the back of this paper or on a separate sheet. (10 points each) 20. Many 19th-century Americans wanted to improve their society. Name some reform movements of this era and describe what the people in each movement wanted to accomplish. Think About: attitudes toward religion the institution of slavery women s place in American society 21. ompare revivalism and transcendentalism. Describe each movement and explain how the two movements were similar and different. Think About: the major ideas in each movement how each movement gained new followers the people who joined each movement Reforming American Society 145