VUS. 6d-e: Age of Jackson

Transcription

1 Name: Date: Period: VUS 6d-e: Age of Jackson Notes VUS 6d-e: Age of Jackson 1

2 Objectives about VUS6d-e: Age of Jackson The Age of Andrew Jackson Main Idea: Andrew Jackson s policies reflected an interest in the welfare of the common man, but also violated Native American rights Why it Matters: The effects of land losses and persecution faced by Native Americans in the 1800s continue to be reflected in their legal struggles today I Expanding Democracy Changes Politics A Election of 1824 aka 1 Andrew Jackson won more popular votes and more electoral votes than any other candidate, but 2 House of Representatives (under the leadership of ) picked as president over Jackson 3 President Adams then selected as his Secretary of State SIG B Voting Requirements Changed 1 White men no longer needed to 2 Universal white male suffrage expanded 3 Age of Jackson became known as the Notes VUS 6d-e: Age of Jackson 2

3 C Election of Democratic-Republican Party had split = 2 party system 2 3 D Spoils System 1 kitchen cabinet II Removal of Native Americans A Background: five civilized tribes = 1 All had adopted white culture of their neighbors in the South 2 wanted Native American lands B Indian Removal Act of 1830 signed by Jackson, Notes VUS 6d-e: Age of Jackson 3

4 1 resisted forced move to the West in the Supreme Court 2 Worcester v Georgia SIG C Trail of Tears ( ) 1 All Cherokee forcibly removed by the US army to reservation lands 2 3 Land in Oklahoma was, suffering of Cherokee people continued States Rights and the National Bank Main Idea: Andrew Jackson confronted two important issues during his presidency states rights concerning the tariff issue and the existence of the national bank Why it Matters: The conflict between states rights and federal government control continues to flare up in such arenas as education, commerce, and law enforcement I A Tariff Raises the States Rights Issue A Background: first protective tariff (tax on imported goods) passed in 1816, increased in 1824 and Designed to protect 2 B Tariff of 1828 (aka ) C John C Calhoun (Vice-President) 1 Thought the tariff only benefited the 2 Thought the 3 Developed the nullification theory def Notes VUS 6d-e: Age of Jackson 4

5 D Webster-Hayne Debates 1 Robert Hayne (SC) argued that the tariff 2 Daniel Webster (MA) argued the tariff = E Andrew Jackson (President) 1 Calhoun and Jackson never worked together again II Henry Clay to the Rescue Again! A Nullification Crisis (1832) conflict between 1 nullified Tariffs of 1828 and South Carolina threatened to 3 Jackson signed the Force Bill def 4 Resolved by Henry Clay III Jackson Attacks the National Bank A Jackson hated the 2 nd Bank of the United States 1 Jackson vetoed the new bank charter in 1832 Notes VUS 6d-e: Age of Jackson 5

6 2 Jackson removed all money from the bank and deposited it in Pet Banks def SIG B Whigs Andrews Jackson 1 Leaders 2 The Whigs were devoted to Henry Clay s SIG led to the Panic of Pet Banks issued 4 Jackson passed the Specie Circular def 5 Panic of 1837 IV Van Buren Deals with Jackson s Legacy A Martin Van Buren (D) = Jackson s hand-picked successor as president, won 1 His administration was hurt by the Panic of 1837 B Election of William Henry Harrison military general and war hero 2 Used a new style of campaigning a Slogan! b Appealed to common men Log Cabin and Hard Cider Campaign c d Slavery and Abolition Main Idea: Slavery became an explosive issue, as Southerners increasingly defended it, while Northerners increasingly attacked it In addition, the abolition movement gained momentum in attempting to end slavery Why it Matters Now: The people of the United States continue to be challenged by questions of economic and social inequality I Abolitionists Speak Out A Abolition def Notes VUS 6d-e: Age of Jackson 6

7 B William Lloyd Garrison 1 In 1831, he began publishing The Liberator, a newspaper that called for 2 In 1833, he started the C Frederick Douglass 1 Eventually published his own newspaper, the Northstar II Life Under Slavery A The US had B Most slaves had been born in C allowed but not legally protected by law D Plantation (rural) slavery 1 2 E Urban Slavery Slave owners hired out their slaves to factory owners III Slave Rebellions A (1739) 1 20 slaves in South Carolina tried to escape to Spanish controlled Florida 2 All were captured and killed, then beheaded B (1800) 1 Plotted to take over Richmond, VA 2 Captured and killed Notes VUS 6d-e: Age of Jackson 7

8 C (1820) 1 Plotted to take over Charleston, SC 2 He and his followers were captured and killed before then rebelled D Nat Turner s Rebellion (1831) 1 2 State militia 3 Put on trial, convicted, and SIG a Southern whites determined to defend the institution of slavery b Slave codes Women and reform Main Idea: At the same time the abolitionist and temperance movements grew, another reform movement to give equal rights to women to root This became known as the women s suffrage (right to vote) movement Why it Matters Now: The efforts of the 19 th century women reformers inspired both woman suffragists in the early-1900s and present-day feminist movements I Women s Roles in the Mid-1800s A Cult of Domesticity def 1 No political rights for women Notes VUS 6d-e: Age of Jackson 8

9 B Women became social active in the mid-1800s 1 Abolition movement women became active in trying to 2 Temperance movement women became active in trying to 3 Education movement women became active in pushing for SIG II Women s Rights Movement Emerges A 1 Attended an anti-slavery convention in Great Britain (1840) where women were discriminated against 2 B (1848) women s rights convention held by 1 Women there drafted the to call for increased women s rights including the right to vote a Based on the Declaration of Independence l C Susan B Anthony 1 Became a leading advocate for in the mid to late 1800s 2 Along with Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Notes VUS 6d-e: Age of Jackson 9

10 Andrew Jackson s Address to Congress On Indian Removal (1830) It gives me pleasure to announce to Congress that the benevolent policy of the Government, steadily pursued for nearly thirty years, in relation to the removal of the Indians beyond the white settlements is approaching to a happy consummation Two important tribes have accepted the provision made for their removal at the last session of Congress, and it is believed that their example will induce the remaining tribes also to seek the same obvious advantages Jackson is describing the forced removal of Native Americans to lands west of the Mississippi River Would you characterize this removal as a benevolent policy of the Government? Why or why not? The consequences of a speedy removal will be important to the United States, to individual States, and to the Indians themselves The pecuniary advantages which it promises to the Government are the least of its recommendations It puts an end to all possible danger of collision between the authorities of the General and State Governments on account of the Indians It will place a dense and civilized population in large tracts of country now occupied by a few savage hunters By opening the whole territory between Tennessee on the north and Louisiana on the south to the settlement of the whites it will incalculably strengthen the southwestern frontier and render the adjacent States strong enough to repel future invasions without remote aid It will relieve the whole State of Mississippi and the western part of Alabama of Indian occupancy, and enable those States to advance rapidly in population, wealth, and power It will separate the Indians from immediate contact with settlements of whites; free them from the power of the States; enable them to pursue happiness in their own way and under their own rude institutions; will retard the progress of decay, which is lessening their numbers, and perhaps cause them gradually, under the protection of the Government and through the influence of good counsels, to cast off their savage habits and become an interesting, civilized, and Christian community How does Jackson describe Native Americans? According to Jackson, what are the potential benefits of removal for Native Americans? Notes VUS 6d-e: Age of Jackson 10

11 Glossary VUS 6d-e Directions: Fill in the definition for the term listed Then, in the box on the right, you have to draw a picture OR write the definition in your own words OR write a sentence using the word that demonstrates its meeting Spoils system Indian Removal Act Trail of Tears John C Calhoun Tariff of Abominations Whig Party Panic of 1837 Notes VUS 6d-e: Age of Jackson 11

12 Glossary VUS 6d-e Directions: Fill in the definition for the term listed Then, in the box on the right, you have to draw a picture OR write the definition in your own words OR write a sentence using the word that demonstrates its meeting Abolition Emancipation Frederick Douglass Nat Turner Elizabeth Cady Stanton Temperance movement Susan B Anthony Notes VUS 6d-e: Age of Jackson 12

13 Summary DIRECTIONS: Choose only one of the following: a) write a summary (25-75 words) of what you believe was the most important aspect of the notes/lecture b) write what you believe to be the most interesting or memorable part of the notes/lecture (25-75 words) c) draw something that symbolizes the notes/lecture to you (has to be different than your title page) Notes VUS 6d-e: Age of Jackson 13