see and horse kind now at Large in the Woods". (4) "unto ny Brother William Anderson my Silver Watch". (5) "unto my wife Elizabeth all my Stock of

Transcription

1 137 pect to have found them represented by a guardian* It seems doubtful, indeed, that Thomas had surviving children. There is one more record concerning Thomas to be reported, On 20 July 1772, presumably before Thomas's death, a precept is sued to James Pinkerton, Deputy Surveyor, instructing him to lay out for Thomas Spencer a tract of land "containing two hundred & fifty acres in Craven County on a branch of Sandy River". Pinkerton filed his certificate that he had made the survey on 4 October 1772, and described the tract as beginning "on Tho s Robinsons Cor.", bounding on the northwest by Thomas"Robinses" land and "all the rest on vacant land". The accompanying plat showed a tract in the form of a square, with a "dry branch" running across the upper portion more or less from west to east. (S. C. Archives, Colonial Plats, Vol. 21, p. 56). On 4 May, 1775, well after Thomas's death, a grant issued to Thomas Spencer for this property, describing it as 250 acres in Craven County "on a Branch of Sandy River bounded by lands of Thomas Robinsons & Vacant land". (S. C. Archives, Royal Grants, Vol. 36, p. 395). On 28 September 1775, a Memorial was "exhibited by Thomas Spencer" covering a tract "of 250 Acres of Land on a branch of Sandy river bound /ed_7 by Thomas Robinsons & vacant Land in Craven County Survey Certified the 30 th Sept 1774 and Granted the 4 th of May 1775 to the Mem 81 ". However, the Memorial vas signed, not by Thomas Spencer, but by James Pinkerton, the Deputy Surveyor who had made the original survey, (s. C. Archives, Memorials, Vol. 2, p. 374). Quite clearly what had happened was that, after the death of Thomas Spencer, someone had had the survey re-certified in 1774, and the grant issued post-humbusly. This procedure seems to have been followed occasionally as the simplest method of following up on a warrant obtained by a decedent during his lifetime. D. Elizabeth Fitch. Elizabeth, daughter of John and Mary (Spencer) Fitch, was presumably born between 22 February 1741/2, when the inventory of Joseph Spencer, Jr. was filed, and 21 November 1743, the date of her father's w i l l. On 21 February 1760, she married Jo- 137

2 138 seph Anderson at the house of James Anderson. The witnesses were Thomas Spencer, Jr., her half-brother, and Edward Jerman, the son of Ralph Jerman. (Vol , p. 136). As will appear from Joseph Anderson's will summarized below, he had brothers named James Anderson and William Anderson) and it will be recalled that James Anderson (Mary's husband) named a William Anderson as one of the executors of his will. It therefore appears that Joseph Anderson was a brother - probably a younger brother - of his bride's step-father, James Anderson. Joseph Anderson left a will dated 2 December 1760, probated 30 November 1764, which meant that it was written before James Anderson wrote his, but probated after James's death. It provided in substances (1) " unto my beloved Wife Elizabeth the following Slaves (my Lawful property and now in my possession) Viz* Stepney Fortune, Bob Sabina, her son Cudjo, her daughter Jenny, Jane and Child, and Girl Fosey Fosey together with my Slaves by her right now in the possession of my Brother James Anderson". /"Note that this tends to confirm that James Anderson was Elizabeth's stepfather^. (2) "unto James McCormack son of Nathaniel McCormack, John Anderson son of John Anderson, John Burns son of John Burns, the rest and residue of my Slaves to be Equally divided betwixt them in the following Manner, that is to say soon after the present Crop which is in the barn is sent to Market" the residue of the slaves given as above are to be sold at Vendue, and the proceeds to be put at interest, or otherwise disposed of at the discretion of my executors "for the Use and benefit of the above mentioned boys, to be delivered into their hands when they shall Attain the age of twenty one Years". /JThis sounds as though the boys were nephews of Joseph Anderson, suggesting that Nathaniel McCormack's first wife was Joseph's sister._7 (3) "unto my Brother James Anderson all my Stock of Hor- * James Anderson left his wife the use of a slave named "Phosey" for life. "Fosey Fosey" was perhaps her daughter, given to Elizabeth during James Anderson's lifetime. 138

3 see and horse kind now at Large in the Woods". (4) "unto ny Brother William Anderson my Silver Watch". (5) "unto my wife Elizabeth all my Stock of Neat Cattle, and all other my personal Estate whatsoever - and in Case my said Wife should be pregnant at this Writing and should be delivered of the live Child after my decease the Slaves bequeathed to the boys as above shall be reserved for the use of that Child". As executors Joseph named "my esteemed friends" Edward "German" and William Mathews. He signed in his own writing. The witnesses were William Mathews and Thomas Wilson. Edward "German" qualified as executor on 30 November So far as is known, Elizabeth never did have a child by Joseph. Note that he did not change his will before he died. On 8 May 1765 Elizabeth Anderson, widow, married William Bell of St. James, Santee, widower. The witnesses were Alexander Miot and William Roberts. (Vol. 15, p. 197). (Alexander Miot had married Elizabeth's sister Rachel Fitch in 1763, see below). William Bell is thought to have been a brother of James Bell, vho is mentioned at various points herein, and who married Elizabeth's half-sister Jane Anderson in 1764 (see below, and Appendix B, which discusses the Bell family). William Bell's first Wife was named Mary, thought to have been the daughter of Robert Murrill of Christ Church Parish, whose will, dated 7 April 1759, mentioned a number of children, including a Mary Bell, stating that her husband had already received Mary's share of his estate. William and Mary (Murrill) Bell had at least two children, whose births were registered in St. James, Santeet (a) Daughter Mary, born 27 November 1761, baptized 19 January William described as an overseer. (Vol. 17, p. 37). (b) Daughter Elizabeth, born 8 January 1764, baptized 29 January 1764 (Vol. 17, p. 39). A number of other records concerning William Bell are set forth in Appendix B, of which the ones particularly to be noted ares (1) William was an appraiser of the estate of Francis Spencer, a son of Joseph Spencer, Sr. and a brother-in-law of Mary (S. F.) Anderson, appraisal dated 7 July

4 140 (2) William and his wife Elizabeth were both named executors of the will of Alexander Miot, dated 5 July (As already stated, Alexander Miot had married Elizabeth's sister, Rachel Fitch.) William Bell "of Prince George's Parish" died in 1773, leaving a will dated 22 January, probated 25 June, It provided in substances (1) "unto my Beloved Wife Elizabeth Bell two Negroes Viz* a Negro Woman named Bina & a Negro Man named Cud jo* -also her Choice of a feather Bed & furniture & her choice of a horse also the use of four Negroes during her life Viz Stepney*Prince Tina & little Mina also the Use of all my Negroes horses &c &c until my Children come of Age or married & then he or she shall have their share in manner folloving ". (2) "to my loving Son William Bell one negro Boy named Cud jo or Indian". (3) *'the remaining part of my Estate to be equally divided betwixt my Loving Son & Daughter William Bell & Mary Bell & in case either of them should die vithout lawful issue then the whole to go to the Survivor" (4) "my Son & Daughter above mentioned shall be maintained of the profits arising from my Estate at the discretion of my Executors until my said Son & daughter is of Age or married". (5) "my Son & daughter shall have a feather Bed each & furniture within three Months after my death". As executors William named "my trusty & Well beloved friends Jonah Collins /[[the second, see Appendix C_7 & John Woodberry /Husband of Elizabeth's half-sister Jane Anderson_7". He signed in his own writing. For some reason the will was made in Charles Town, and the witnesses were John Watson and James Kirkwood, presumably of that place. Jonah Collins and John Woodberry qualified as executors on 25 June The daughter Mary Bell mentioned in William's will was * Slaves vith same names mentioned in JOseph Anderson's viil. 140

5 141 presumably by his first wife (his daughter Elizabeth by her may have died) Son William was probably by Elizabeth, but ve cannot be sure. We have 3 more records relating, or apparently relating, to William and Elizabeth (Fitch) (Anderson) Belli (1) On 27 March 1773, after William*s death, his daughter Mary Bell married William Bonhoste of Christ Church Parish, bachelor, at the house of Mrs. Elizabeth Bell, widow. The witnesses were Hester Bonhoste and Elizabeth Miot, the latter being the as yet unmarried daughter of Elizabeth's sister, Rachel. (Vol. 16, p. 115). This record appears in the Register of St. James, Santee, indicating that, although William Bell's will described him as "of Prince George's Parish", Elizabeth was then living in St. James, Santee. (2) As previously noted, one of the 5 beneficiaries under the will of Mary (S. F. ) Anderson was an Elizabeth Bell. This must have been Mary's daughter Elizabeth (Fitch) (Anderson) Bell. (3) The 1790 census for St. James, Santee shows an "Eliza" Bell as head of household, with 3 females and 20 slaves. I have to think that this was Elizabeth Bell. One of the other females may well have been her mother Hary (S. F.) Anderson, who had sold her right to be maintained on the Ralph Jerman property back in 1772, and who probably lived until The third female may have been Sarah Miot, or possibly "Miss M. Dumay" ("Massa"?) who married Theodore Guerry Esq. in E. Rachel Fitch. The Rachel Fitch who appears in the St, James, Santee records has to have been the unborn child mentioned in John Fitch's will date 21 November She was therefore born after that date and before the fall of On 22 December 1763, Rachel Fitch of St. James, Santee, spinster, married Alexander Miot of St. James, Santee, bachelor, at the plantation of "Jean Elizabeth" Dumay of St. James, santee, widow. The vitnesses vere Peter Dumay /jaon of "Jean Elizabeth", arid husband of Rachel's half-sister, Martha (Spencer) Dumay_/, i 141

6 142 and James Bell /[husband of Rachel's half-sister Jane Anderson,/. Alexander signed the Register as "Alexander Miote". (Vol 15, p. 142). The Miot family, of which Alexander was a member, is the subject of an article in Transactions, No. 51, pp. 37 et seq., and there is a little additional information about them in the files of the South Carolina Historical Society. The Miot (Miote, Miott) family was apparently French Huguenot, even though Alexander's will summarized below described him as a "yeoman". His mother is said to have been a widow named Jane Miot who came to Carolina in the ship "London" in 1776, and was granted land in Hillsborough Township, Abbeville County (the latter not formed until 1785). She was said to have had two sons named Alexander and John, and a daughter named Elizabeth. Either something is wrong with this account, or her sons Alexander and John preceded her to Carolina by quite a few years. In any event, we have the foregoing record of Alexander's wedding, and also the following (quite a few later records about his brother John )i *As of 5 July 1772, the date of Alexander's will, his brother John had "children", so he must have been married some years before. The Transactions article says he was born 30 June 1740, and married Frances Harden as his second wife oh 17 November 1771.(The latter marriage appears in Col. Hayne's records. Vol. 11, p. 96). John had children, by his first wife or his second, named John, Alexander, Frances, and apparently Charles Henry Miot. The older John is said to have died on 6 November 1791 and to have been buried at St. Philips. The younger John married a lady named Harriott and left a will, describing him as "of St. Stephens Parish', dated 11 May 1809, probated 31 May 1809 (dates do not agree exactly with Transactions article). For further documentation see census reports for 1790, 1800 and 1810, and Vol. 25, p. 39j Salley, Register of St. Philip's Parish ( ), p.366, and Vol.41, pp ) Vol. 35, p. 31) Vol 34, p

7 (1) On 21 February Alexander vitnessed the vedding of John Mayers and Ann Highback (or Hayback), bachelor and spinster, respectively, and both of Prince George, at the house of S. F. Warren, the St. James, Santee minister. (Vol. 15, p. 137). (2) Alexander Miot, of St. Stephen's Parish,"yeoman", left a viil dated 5 July 1772, probated 27 August 1772, vhich provided in substance as follovst (a) "to my loving daughters Elizabeth & Sarah Miot all my Negroes that I nov possess to be equally divided betwixt them". If either dies vithout issue, the whole to the survivor, and if both die vithout issue "to my loving brother John Miots Children". (b) "all my stock of Horses & Cattle /J:o_7 be sold" (c) "my household furniture /Cto_/be kept for the use of my tvo Children & an equal Dividend to be made betvixt them".. (d) "to my loving Brother John Miot all my vearing Apparel my Watch & nev Gun". (e) "my said Children may have their parts of my estate vhen they arrive to Lawful Age or are married which happens first". As executors Alexander appointed "my trusty & well beloved friends William Bell & (Elizabeth Bell Executrix) Jonah Collins John Miot". Alexander signed in his own writing. The witnesses were James Bell and John Black. William Bell qualified as executor on 27 August 1772) and on 6 August 1773 Elizabeth Bell qualified as executrix (William had died). Points to be noted about Alexander's wills (1) His wife Rachel had evidently pre-deceased him. of (2) The Bells appointed as executor and executrix were course Rachel's sister and brother-in-law. (3) Jonah Collins was Jonah the second (see Appendix C). (4) The witness James Bell vas the husband of Rachel's half-sister Jane Anderson (by then deceased), and believed to have been William Bell's brother. (5) Alexander's daughter Sarah Miot vas clearly the grand daughter by that name mentioned in the 1785 viil of Mary 143

8 144 (S. F.) Anderson. (6) As to Alexander's daughter Elizabeth, on 21 August 1783 Elizabeth Miot of St. James, Santee, spinster, married John Buchanan of Prince George, bachelor, at the house of Mrs. Eliza beth Bell of St. James, Santee, vidov. The vitnesses vere Mary and Charlotte Withers. (Vol. 15. p. 117). (Five months earlier, on 27 March 1783, Elizabeth Miot had vitnessed the vedding of Mary Bell and William Bonhoste at Mrs. Elizabeth Bell's house, see above). We can guess that since Alexander Miot vas "of St. Stephen's" vhen he made his viil, and Elizabeth vas "of St. James, Santee" vhen she married, she had been living vith her aunt Elizabeth Bell. I vould guess that her sister Sarah had been living there too, and vas perhaps the third female in Elizabeth Bell's house in the 1790 census, except for the fact that if Sarah had been alive and present, one vould have expected her to be a vitness at her sister's vedding. (Perhaps not old enough?). Some further points about John and Elizabeth (Miot) Buchanans (a) Elizabeth Buchanan vas clearly the grand daughter by that name mentioned in Mary (S. F.) Anderson's 1785 viil, and John vas the one named as Mary's executor. (b) John Buchanan is believed to have been a son of William Buchanan vho appears at various points in this main text and the Appendices. He vas a doctor, and his family vas connected by marriage vith the Withers family of St. James, Santee and Prince George, (see Appendix D). (c) John and Elizabeth Buchanan had at least 3 childrent William Alexander, vho died as an infant} Mary, and another William. (See Appendix D). (d) The 1790 census for St. James, Santee listed John Buchanan as head of household, vith 1 male 16 and over, 5 females, and 25 slaves. F. Jane Anderson. Jane Anderson, daughter of James and Mary (Spencer) (Fitch) Anderson, vas probably born betveen 1744 and On 14 February 1764, "Jean" Anderson of St. James, Santee, spdnster, married James Bell of St. James, Santee, bachelor, at the house of 144

9 Jean Elizabeth Dumay. vidow. "Jean" Anderson signed her name as Jane. The vitnesses vere Jonah Atchinson and Joseph Bell. (Vol. 15, p. 142). Jean Elizabeth Dumay vas the mother of Peter Dumay, vho is believed to have married as his second vife Martha Spencer, Jane Anderson's half-sister. Jonah Atchinson is discussed in Appendix C. Joseph Bell vas presumably related to, perhaps a brother of, James Bell. (For a discussion of the Bells, see Appendix B). As noted earlier, James Bell is believed to have been the brother of William Bell, vho in 1765 vas to marry as his second vife Jane Anderson's vidoved half-sister, Elizabeth (Fitch) Anderson. James and Jane (Anderson) Bell had one knovn child, a daughter named Sarah Jean Bell, born 28 July 1765, baptized 29 August James vas described in this record as a planter. (Vol. 17, p. 42). By 23 May 1768 Jane (Anderson) Bell had died. Her daughter Sarah Jean Bell, and any other, issue she might have had, had also died, or in any case died before 13 April On 23 May 1768, James Bell of St. James, Santee, vidover, married Esther Chovin of St. James, Santee, spinster, at the house of William Bell. The vitnesses vere William Mathevs and William Bell. (Vol. 25, pp ). James and Esther (Chovin) Bell had the folloving childrent (1) John Bell, born 3 August 1770, baptized 15 December 1770 (Vol. 17, p. 75). (2) James Bell, born 10 August 1772, baptized 11 October 1772 (Vol. 17, p. 80). In both the foregoing records James Bell, the father, vas described as a ferryman. One wonders whether he operated, or was employed at, "Mazyck's" ferry. A good number of records concerning James Bell are listed in Appendix B. To be highlighted here is the fact that his first wife, Jane Anderson, had inherited her father's real estate under his will dated 11 March The real estate consisted of the Ralph Jerman property (350 acres on the Santee River, 250 acres on the mainland and 100 acres or more on Neck Island), and tvo tracts of 250 acres each on Wambav Creek vhich had formerly belonged to Richard "Edge11", and on 13 April 1769 adjoined lands of

10 146 Daniel Horry and Archibald McLellan. (See p. 126 above). After the death of his first vife Jane,and the death of his daughter Sarah Jean Bell and any other issue by Jane, he found himself vith a tenancy for life in this real estate, by "curtesy". On 13 April James Bell conveyed his life interest in the property to Daniel Horry for B1750 current money. The last records ve have of James Bell are as administrator of the estate of Thomas Spencer, son of Mary (S. F.) Spencer, in (See Paragraph C above). G. Sarah Anderson. Sarah, daughter of James and Mary (Spencer) (Fitch) Anderson, vas born after her sister Jane and probably before On 21 May 1772, Sarah Anderson of St. James, Santee, spinster, married John Woodberry of the parish of. Charles Tovn, at the plantation of Jonah Collins /jthe younger_7 in St. James, Santee. The vitnesses vere John Horry and James Bell. (Vol. 16, p. 69). The marriage vas reported in the South Carolina Gazette in the issue of 28 May 1772, as follovsi "Mr. John Woodberry, merchant, married to Miss Sally Anderson of Santee". (salley, "South Carolina Marriages", p. 49). John Woodberry vas the son of John and Margaret Woodberry, Margaret having apparently been related in some vay to Jonah Collins the elder of St. James, Santee. (See Appendix C). our records of John include the follovingt (1) A John Woodberry vitnessed the will of Thomas Gadsden of Charleston, merchant, dated 27 February 1770, probated 9 March (Moore, Vol. I l l, p. 128). (2) John vitnessed the viil of his brother-in-lav, Henry Farvell, of Prince George, dated 13 August 1771, probated 5 May (See Appendix C). (3) When Jane (Anderson) Bell died, the fee to her father's real estate (subject to James Bell's life tenancy and the right of her mother to be maintained on the Ralph Jerman property) passed to her sister Sarah by intestate succession. On November 1772, John and Sarah (Anderson) Woodberry conveyed the fee in the Ralph Jerman property to Daniel Horry forfe8,000.the deed de- 146

11 147 scribed John as a merchant of Charleston.! (4) As noted earlier, John Woodberry served as guardian for the minor Mary McCormack in the administration proceedings involving the estate of Thomas Spencer, son of Mary (S. F.) Spencer. So far as ve knov, John and Sarah Woodberry had no children, at least none that survived very long. Note that no Woodberry s vere mentioned in the viil of Mary (S. F.) Anderson, and no Woodberry daughters vould have been old enough to have married someone by another name. Apparently Sarah (Anderson) Woodberry died before 12 April On that date tvins, named Wither and John Woodberry, vere born to John and Susannah Catherine Woodberry. They vere baptized in St. James, Santee on 22 February John vas described as a planter. (Vol. 17, p. 111). The name Wither suggests a connection vith the Withers family* either through John Woodberry's relationship to the Collins', or through his second vife's possible connection vith the Withers. (See Appendices C and C-l). John Woodberry's second vife may have died before 4 April Janie Revill's "South Carolina Marriage Records" states that John Woodberry married Ann Scott of James Island, vidov of Archibald Scott, citing a document dated 4 April 1787 (p. 82). /Cln another statement in this source "James Island" vas used vhere the proper place name vas clearly "St. James, Santee". See reference to marriage of Alexander McGregor and Dorothy Guerry, p. 52._7. This brings to a close our reviev of the. records concerning Joseph Spencer, Jr.'s vife Mary, her subsequent marriages and her children. For those interested in Spencer genealogy, perhaps the main points to be noted in all this history are (1) the absence of any reference to children of Joseph Spencer, Jr. other than the young Mary, Martha and Thomas mentioned in John Fitch's villi and (2) the absence of any reference to any male Spencers other than Mary's son Thomas. In none of the vills, marriage records, records of estate administrations or deeds, including Mary's 1785 viil, do ve find a male Spencer mentioned. This means to me that if Joseph Spencer, Jr. had other children, they vere probably 147

12 148 by an earlier wife; and that the other sons of Joseph Spencer, Sr. either had no sons, or their sons had moved from St. James, Santee. Note particularly that when Mary's son Thomas married Susannah Money in October 1761, the witnesses were Daniel McGregor the third, a rather distant relative (nephew of John Spencer's wife Dorothy), and Stephen Sullivan, vho so far as 1 can see was a friend rather than a relative. XV JOHN SPENCER John Spencer, apparently the second oldest son of Joseph Spencer, Sr. of French Santee, must have been born by 1708, and it seems very likely that his birth date preceded that by several years. He inherited the lands and residuary estate of his father in late 1729, and married Dorothy McGregor (of another French Santee family) on 14 January 1731/2. Because of a legal technicality we can be pretty sure that John and Dorothy had at least one child, and circumstantial evidence involving some Spencers who appeared in Craven County, N. C. in 1757,and (apparently the same Spencers) in Anson County, N. C. in , indicates strongly that they had at least three sons, and possibly four. John and Dorothy sold the home plantation inherited from Joseph, Sr. on July 1737, and that is the last we hear (with any certainty) of either of them. The lack of records after that date suggests that they either died or moved away soon after the sale. Our first few records of John have already been touched on, but may be recapitulatedt (1) John witnessed the mortgage given by Joseph Spencer, Jr. and Augustus Laurens to Richard Edghill dated 25 February 1723/4. John must have been at least 16 at the time, and quite probably older. (2) John's father, Joseph Spencer, Sr., died before the end of 1729, leaving a will dated 30 November 1729, probated 20 January 1729/30. John inherited the lands and residuary estate, and was named sole executor. He qualified as executor, apparently on 20 January 1729/30, and received Letters Testamentary on

13 February 1729/30. (See above). (3) OR 15 December 1730, he joined his brother Joseph. Jr. in buying 500 acres of land on the Santee* separated/f rom the 600 acres he had inherited Only by the land of Ralph Jerman. After John's marriage, he and his vife Dorothy assigned their, interest in the 500 acres to Joseph, Jr. by signatures on the back of the deed of purchase (although this assignement vas apparently never formally recorded). This assignment may have been occasioned by John's marriage, vhich vould have given Dorothy dower rights in the 500 acres, although it is possible that John had advanced some of the purchase price and Joseph, Jr. had later paid off the advance. (4) On May 1735, John and Joseph, Jr. mortgaged the 500 acres to Thomas Lynch. (5) On 5-6 July 1737, John and Joseph, Jr. sold the 500 acres to Isaac Mazyck. Part of the purchase price was used to pay off the Lynch mortgage. When Isaac Mazyck wrote his will in 1769, he mentioned this land, calling it Romney, and said he had bought it from Joseph Spencer, with no mention of John. -This supports the idea that the beneficial interest in the land really belonged to Joseph, Jr. (6) On July 1737, John and Dorothy sold the 600 acres inherited from Joseph, Sr. to Anthony Bonneau, Jr., for h1,200 current money. The only other record of John Spencer we have is an entry in the Register of St. Philip's Parish in Charles Town, stating that on 14 January 173l/"*"2_7 John Spencer and Dorothy "McGregory" were married. (Salley, Register of St. Philip's Parish , p. 162). We knov a good deal about the McGregor family (spelled variously) of St. James, Santee, starting vith Daniel McGregor (whom I call the first). Daniel the first was the one who received a varrant for 500 acres of land "at Waha on the Southside of Santee river formerly the plantation of King Jeremy" on 27 October He took down the grant for that property on 5 May 1704, sold it on 10 October 1704, but received another grant for 500 acres on 15 February 1704/5. The latter tract bounded vest on Patrick Stewart (the 500 acres later bought by John Spencer

14 150 and Joseph, Jr. from the Stewart heirs). Daniel also received a warrant for still another 1,000 acres in Craven County on 17 November 1705, but a matching grant has not been located. Daniel the first married twice. His first vife was Sarah Brownson, whose ancestry went back to New England and then England. By her Daniel had 5 children, including Daniel the second and Dorothy McGregor. Daniel's seoond wife was Martha (Akin) Monck, a widow, by whom he had two more children. Daniel died a resident of St. James, Santee, leaving a will dated 13 May 1723, recorded 3 December His widow Martha moved to Christ Church Parish some time after his death. All this history, plus considerably more information about the McGregor family, is set forth in Appendix E. In my judgment there can be no question that the John Spencer and Dorothy McGregor who were married in St. Philip's Parish were of the St. James, Santee families. They were probably married there because Dorothy had moved there after her father's death (her sister Dorcas married a Robert Buchanan, a Charles Town shopkeeper, brother of William Buchanan of St. James, Santee). Daniel the first's will suggests that Dorothy was probably born by at least 1705, and possibly earlier. A question will arise below as to whether Dorothy was John Spencer's first wife. I am rather strongly inclined to think she was, becauset (1) Joseph Spencer, Sr.'s will provided for what was to happen if John died without issue. This suggests rather strongly that John had no children at the time (November, 1729), and even can be taken as an indication that he was unmarried at the time. (2) There was some reason why John and Dorothy assigned to Joseph, Jr. their interest in the 500 acres John and Joseph, Jr. had purchased earlier. It could have been because Joseph, Jr. had paid off an advance made by John, but it is at least equally probable that it was because John had been unmarried when the purchase was made, and the question of dower rights did not arise until he married Dorothy. If Joseph, Jr. had paid off an advance from John, we must ask why John had not transferred his interest to Joseph, Jr. as a matter of legal record. Finally, there i s the question of whether John and Doro- 150

15 151 thy had children. That they had at least one child born before 16 July 173? and living on that date is pretty well proved by the fact that John was able to convey an acceptable title to the 600 acre home place to Anthony Bonneau, Jr. John had inherited the land under his father's will, which was not very artistically drawn from the standpoint of conveyancing language. The pertinent provision reads "unto my Son John Spencer- all the rest and Residue of my personal /~aic_/ Estate as Lands Negroes Cattle Goods & in Case the said John Spencer should Dye vithout Esue the said Lands Negroes Cattle. &c shall returne to the said Richard, Thomas, and Francis Spencer, Only -". Ignoring the mis-use of the words "personal Estate", under technical conveyancing rules the provision vould not have created an estate in fee of any kind, since the vords of art "and his heirs" or "heirs of his body" vere not employed. But, since the matter involved interpretation of a viil, vhere the overriding rule is to carry out the testator's intent, I suppose a lawyer would have said that John inherited some sort of an estate in fee. It is difficult to see, however, how it could have been said that John had any more than a fee simple conditional, since if he died without issue the land was to go over to 3 of his brothers. Under South Carolina law, a person inheriting a f ee simple conditional could convey good title Only if he had at least one child born after the testator's death and living at the time of the conveyance.* As noted above, other circumstantial evidence indicates strongly that John and Dorothy had at least 3 sons, named John, Richard and William, and possibly a fourth son named Joseph. Either John or Richard was the oldest of the first three, and William was younger than John. The evidence referred to involves a good many interrelated, facts, many of which are examined in a typescript entitled "Ancestors of William Spencer of Montgomery County, North Carolina, compiled by the writer under date of 1 December 1976, and on file in the South Carolina Historical Society, Fireproof Build- For an example of this rule, see deed from William Spencer of Colleton County to Henry Samways dated 30 June 1757, discussed in Section XT above.

16 152 ing, Charleston* S. C, the South Carolina Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, S. C, and the North Carolina state Library, Raleigh, N. C. The vriter intends to produce a revised and amplified version of that typescript in bound form shortly. Here ve might mention only the folloving factsi (1) Betveen 20 October 1749 and December 1752, a Richard Spencer acquired two tracts of land in Craven County near the central part of the Colony. One of them vas on the Little River, a tributary of the Broad River, probably some miles north and somevhat vest of present-day Columbia, (2) On 17 May 1757, a William and John Spencer each received a varrant for 100 acres of land in Craven County, N. C, near to each other, if not adjacent, on the headwaters of the Trent River, in an area vhich is nov in Jones County, N. C. A Robert Jerman (sometimes spelled "Jermain" and "Jarman"), his son Thomas, and another son or grandson named John Jerman, vere neighbors. Thomas Jerman was an adjoining land-ovner. William Spencer took down his grant, and then sold it, all before the end of Robert and John Jerman witnessed the deed. John Spencer's grant did not issue until 3 March 1759, and we have no record showing that he ever disposed of it. Probably it was sold, perhaps before the grant issued. No further relevant records of a John or William Spencer have been found in the area. (3) On 1 October 1763, a William Spencer started acquiring land in Ansort County, N. C, in an area which is now the northern part of Montgomery County, N, C. On 10 August 1765, a John Spencer bought land near William, and William witnessed the deed. On 20 August 1766, a Joseph Spencer acquired land near William and John, and John witnessed the deed. (4) On October 1771, the Anson County John Spencer and his wife Susannah sold the Little River, S. C. land of Richard Spencer (see paragraph (1) above) to John Winn of the Parish of St. Mark, Craven County, S. C. We can find no preceding conveyance by, or will of, Richard Spencer disposing of this property, and the necessary conclusion seems to be that John Spencer had inherited it from Richard by intestate succession. (5) The Anson County John Spencer had 7 children, appar- 152

17 153 ently all by Susannah, the first born on 28 September John died on 4 April The Anson County William Spencer married a lady named Hannah, by whom he had 4 sons, and probably 4 daughters, the first son born in William died sometime after 10 November 1804 and before the N Q rth Carolina census of His vidov Hannah appeared in the North Carolina censuses from 1810 through 1840, being listed in 1840 as years of age. The Anson County Joseph Spencer vas granted 100 acres of land, apparently adjoining his first acquisition, on 29 April 1768, but ve hear no more of him thereafter. (6) As to vhether the- William and John spencer of record at the headvaters of the Trent River in 1757 vere the same as the William and John vho appeared in Anson County (nov Montgomery County) in , ve can add the following pointsi (a) On 22 July 1761, a John Spencer vas granted 700 acres of land in Johnston County, N. C, on the south side of the Neuse River. The Neuse in its lover reaches runs more or less vest to east, about 30 miles north of, and roughly paralleling, the Trent River, vhich it joins at New Berne. Johnston County is northwest of Jones County. (b) On 19 October 1762, John Spencer, "late of Johnston County", sold 500 acres of his 700 acre grant. (c) On 3 March 1763, John Spencer "of Rowan County", N. C, sold the remaining two hundred acres of his 700 acre Johnston County tract. Part of Rowan County later became part of Randolph County, which borders Montgomery County on the north. (d) A William Spencer appears in a 1761 tax list for Rowan County, in an area which later became part of Randolph County. Despite one or two mildly puzzling details in the foregoing records, it seems to me highly probable that the William and John Spencer of record at the headwaters of the Trent River in 1757 were the William and John in the records just listed, moving gradually westward to what is now Randolph County, N. C, from whence they moved a short distance south to present-day Montgomery County, appearing there in From all the foregoing, plus other information summarized 153

18 154 in the typescript referred to above, the writer is convinced that in all probability the William, John and Richard Spencer just discussed were sons of John and Dorothy (McGregor) Spencer of French Santee. The Joseph Spencer who appeared in Anson County, N. C. may have been a fourth son, but he could equally well have been a cousin of William, John and Richard, i.e. a son of Joseph Spencer, Jr. by a first vife who preceded Mary. What happened to John and Dorothy Spencer after July 1737, and to their presumed children for the next years, is indeed a mystery. It is possible that John and Dorothy both died soon after selling the home place, and that the boys were raised with one or another of their uncles. I suppose we should note that the issuance of warrants to William and John at the headwaters of the Trent River came in May 1757, shortly after the date (2-3 March 1757) when their presumed uncle Francis sold his home place (see below). I have difficulty, however, in placing too much weight on this, and fear that we must leave the question quite open, unless and until more evidence comes to light. XVI RICHARD SPENCER OF WAMBAW CREEK We first hear of Richard Spencer, son of Joseph Spencer, Sr., in his father's will dated 30 November There he vas pretty much grouped with his brothers Thomas and Francis and his sister Elizabeth, except that they were given a mare and colt and he vas not (perhaps he already had one?). He vas consistently mentioned first in that group, suggesting that he vas the oldest of the four, or at least of the three sons. The approximate birth date of any of the four is hard to guess, except that they all seemed to be younger than Joseph, Jr. and John, and perhaps considerably younger. Our next record of Richard is that, on 16 August 1733, about 3% years after his father's death, precepts issued to the deputy surveyor for St. James, Santee, instructing him to lay out tracts of 150 acres each for Richard and his brother Francis. The 154

19 deputy surveyor completed his survey and signed his certificate for each tract on 20 September The certificate for Richard described his tract as "Containing One Hundred and fifty/ Acres- in Craven County Bounding to the Southward on Mr. Elias Horrys Land to the Westward on Wambaw Creek and to the Northward on Mr. Francis Spencer to the Eastward on Land not Laid out". The accompanying plat showed a rectangular tract, about 3% times longer (from east to west) than its width (from north to south). The western end, bounding on Wambaw Creek, had a small marshy area from north to south. The certificate for Francis described his tract as "containing one hundred and fifty acres in Craven ra A ra County bounding to the S on Mr. Rich Spencer, to the w on Wambaw Creek, and to the N. and to the E on land not laid out". The accompanying plat showed the same shaped tract as Richard's, with a marshy strip on the west end bordering on the Creek. Neither Richard nor Francis took down his grant for a considerable number of years, presumably so as to postpone the payment of fees and the commencement of the date when quit-rents would be due. The grants finally issued to each of them on 8 November Richard's grant covered "One hundred and fifty Acres being in Craven County bounding to the Southward on Elias Horrys land to the Westward on Wambaw Creek and to the northward on Mr. Francis Spencer and to the Eastward on vacant lands." The grant to Francis was also virtually in the same words as the surveyor's certificate, i. e. 150 acres bounding southward on Mr. Richard Spencer, westward on Wambaw Creek, and north and east on vacant lands. (For the certificates, plats and grants, see S, C. Archives, Colonial Plats, Vol. 2, pp i idem, Royal Grants, Vol. 3, pp ). The foregoing two tracts seem to be referred to in a lease and release from Daniel Huger to Daniel Horry (the first), dated July 1736, covering 1,000 acres of land which had been granted to Daniel Huger, and which he conveyed to his grandson Daniel Horry for only i5. The 1,000 acres was described as "bounding to the Northward on lands belonging to Richard & Francis Spencer to the Eastward on Lands of Daniel & Elias Horry to the West & Northwest on Mr. Paul Mazycks Land & Wambaw Creek to the South and Southwest on Vacant Land and on Land laid out to Elias Horry 155

20 156 Esq.". The statement in the Huger conveyance that the 1,000 acres bounded north on land of both Richard and Francis Spencer is a little confusing, since that was geographically impossible. The draftsman had apparently lumped both Richard's and Francis's land together in his mind. Since Richard's and Francis's land bounded west on Wambaw Creek, I imagine it was southwest of Hampton. The land of Paul Mazyck referred to in the Huger conveyance was clearly not the land Joseph Spencer, Jr. and John sold to Isaac Mazyck in At this point, we might note that in the 1730's the Spencer family owned or controlled at least 1400 acres of land in French Santee, 600 acres inherited by John, 500 acres bought by Joseph, Jr. and John, and the two 150 acre tracts for which Richard and Francis held warrants. We have only three other South Carol in*, records of the Richard Spencer under discussiont (1) On July 1751, Richard, describing himself as a planter, mortgaged his Wambaw Creek land to James Michie of Charles Town to secure a one-year note for B210. Richard's brother Francis co-signed the note, but did not mortgage his land. In the mortgage deed Richard's land was now described as "fronting Wambaw Creek and bounding to the northward on land belonging t o Francis Spencer, to the eastward and southward /Con land belonging to_y the heirs and representatives of Martin Glaze Brook, deceased, and to the westward on the said creek". Apparently Martin Glaze Brook or his predecessors in title had acquired the land to the east by grant,and to the south by purchase from Elias Horry or his successors in title.(elias I had died in September 1736.) The mortgage was evidently paid off, since Richard owned the land at his death. (2) Richard Spencer was still alive on 2-3 March 1757, since a deed from Francis Spencer on that date referred to him as the ovner of the Wambav Creek property (see below). (3) 0n May 1769, Thomas Spencer of Prince George, planter, and Susannah his wife, conveyed Richard's Wambaw Creek property to Peter Simmons of St. James, Santee, planter. This 156

21 i 157 Thomas vas the son of Joseph Spencer, Jr. The conveyance explained hov Thomaa acquired Richard's property as follovst "Whereas Richard Spencer late of the Parish of St. James, Santee died possessed of a tract of land containing one hundred and fifty acres Situated in the said Parish and having no lavful heirs of his Body the said tract of Land vested to the aforesaid Thomas Spencer nephev to the said Richard Spencer deceased and he the said Thomas Spencer is the true Rightful and Lavful heir and nov stands Lawfully Seized in his ovn Demesne as of fee simple of and in all that Plantation containing one hundred fifty acres-. The land was now described as "bounding to the Northward on Land now belonging to Peter Simmons to the Westward oh Wambaw Creek and to the Northeast and Eastward on Land of Archibald McLellan". As we shall see, the land to the north had been sold by Francis to Thomas Webb, who must have sold it to Peter Simmons or a predecessor in title.. Archibald McLellan, doubtless of the family for whom Mclellanville was named, had apparently purchased the land to the northeast and east from the Martin Glaze Brook estate or its successor in title. j This conveyance by Thomas Spencer is particularly important, since it shows that, if John Spencer had descendants (as we think he did), Thomas's father Joseph, Jr. must have been the oldest son of Joseph Spencer, Sr.) and that Richard Spencer of Wambaw Creek died intestate and without surviving wife or issue. That closes our South Carolina book on this Richard Spencer. But there are some interesting North Carolina records to be considered. We have referred earlier to some Jermans in the area of the Trent River in North Carolina. Our first record of them there is a grant to Robert Jerman and Thomas Smith, dated 1 July 1738, covering 300 acres on the south bank of the Neuse River in Craven County, N. C. (Craven County Deed Book 1, p. 3). This grant was approved by the Governor's Council on 1 July 1738, as shown by the Council minutes which referred to Robert "Germain" (Colonial Records of North Carolina, Vol. IV, p. 333). On 8 October 1748 the Council authorized a replacement document covering this grant to be issued to "Robert Jermain and Thomas Smith". (Idem, Vol. IV, p. 895). 157

22 158 On 3 March 1739, a Richard Spencer was granted 100 acres of land in Craven County, N. C. (N. C. Journals, in N. C. Colonial Records, Vol. IV, p. 344) the entry looks a little like a request for a grant, but study of the context persuades me that the grant vas authorized)* On 24 November 1743, Richard Spencer of Craven County, N. C. conveyed to Jacob Futch a "tract of land on the fdrk of Mill Creek on the south side of Trent River Joyning upon Pollock's line containing one hundred acres on West side of the Eastermost fork Beginning /Zat_7 a hickory near the said Branch and /^patented_/ by the said Richard Spencer". Richard is shovn as signing the conveyance vith his mark, but in the area ve are dealing vith grantors vere sometimes so shovn although ve knov the grantor could vrite his name. The vitnesses to the deed included Robert "Jarman". (Craven County Deed Book 2, p. 386). This land vas almost certainly the tract granted to Richard in Richard appeared in court in person to prove the conveyance on 22 December We find no more records of Richard in Craven County, N. C. The foregoing records, coupled vith the arrival of William and John Spencer in the very same area in 1757, vith Jermans actively concerned in both cases, certainly suggests that all three Spencers vere of the French Santee family. If so, the Richard vho arrived in 1739 could have been the Richard of Wambav Creek, son of Joseph Spencer, Sr. He vas certainly at least 21 years old in 1743 vhen he sold the Trent River property, indicating a birth date of 1722 or earlier. This vould imply that Richard of Wambav Creek had gone to North Carolina, retaining his rights in the Wambav Creek property, and had returned after a fev years. Francis could have been managing his Wambav Creek property for him, and could have seen to the issuance of the grants in The other possibility I can see is that Joseph Spencer, Jr. had had a son Richard by a vife preceding Mary, vho had gone to North Carolina and then vanished. (Such a Richard could not have been the Little River grantee discussed belov, because at his death his land vould have gone to Thomas rather than to John Spencer of Anson County, N. C), 158

23 159 XVII THOMAS SPENCER, SR. Thomas Spencer, son of Joseph Spencer, Sr., left us very few records indeed. They are as follovst (1) Thomas Spencer, along vith James Anderson, vas a vitness to the viil of John Fitch, Jr., the second husband of Joseph Spencer, Jr.'s vife Mary. The viil vas dated 21 November I vould guess that this vas Thomas Spencer, Sr., since the younger Thomas vas a beneficiary under the viil, and still a minor. (2) On 2-3 March 1757, a Thomas Spencer vitnessed the conveyance vhereby Francis Spencer sold his home place to Thomas Webb. (See belov). I vould assume that this vas also Thomas, Sr. serving as a vitness for his brother, since the designation "Jr." vas not used. (3) On 11 January 1759, Michael Cochran, vidover, and Rebecca Sullivan, spinster, vere married at the house of "Thomas Spencer, Sr". The vitnesses vere William Roberts and Stephen Sullivan, the latter probably the brother of, or surely related to, Rebecca (Vol. 15, p. 133). This is the first Knovn use of the term "Sr." or "Jr.", implying that Joseph, Jr.'s son Thomas had recently turned 21. It is also our last direct reference to Thomas Spencer, Sr. On 21 February 1760 the designation "Thomas, Jr." vas used in the record of the Elizabeth Fitch-Joseph Anderson vedding, suggesting that Thomas, Sr. vas still alive and in the neigborhood. But by 8 October 1761, vhen Joseph, Jr.'s son Thomas married Susannah Money, he vas called simply Thomas Spencer. The indicated conclusion is that betveen 21 February 1760 and 8 October 1761 Thomas Spencer, Sr. had died or moved avay. Unfortunately ve have no record of any real estate transactions involving Thomas, Sr. (he may have rented his house), or of a viil or estate administration proceedings. Moreover, ve have no record of a marriage or of children of his. It seems quite possible that he vas a bachelor, vho died intestate and vithout issue. 159

24 160 XVIII FRANCIS SPENCER Francis Spencer, probably the youngest son of Joseph Spencer. Sr., was somewhat more generous in leaving footprints. We have the following recordst (1) As we have seen, on 16 August 1733 a precept issued to lay out 150 acres for Francis on Wambav Creek adjoining Richard's property on the south) the surveyor's certificate was signed on 20 September 1733) and the grant finally issued on 8 November (2) On 19 October 1744, Francis vas bondsman on a marriage bond for Jeremiah Cuttino, of George Town, Winyah, gunsmith, to marry Ann Judith Boissard, spinster. (Vol. 19, p. 166). An account of some of the Cuttino family appears in Transactions, No. 65. pp. 23 et seq. It tells us that the family were French Huguenots (the name Cuttino was a modification of a French name rendered in various ways)) and that Jeremiah did indeed marry Miss Boissard. Francis Spencer was presumably a friend either of Jeremiah or Miss Boissard, but how that came about, with both of them living in Prince George, I have no idea. (3) On 23 February 1747 /"[8_7» Francis Spencer and Mary Richards vere married in St. Philip's Parish in Charles Tovn. (Salley, Register of St. Philip's Parish , p. 188). It seems most probable that this was the Mary Richards who was a "surety" at the baptism of Ann Spencer, daughter of Joseph and Ann (Rodgers) Spencer, in Christ Church Parish on 9 November 1744 (see Section IV C above). Unfortunately we cannot be sure whether Francis was a bachelor or a widower, or Mary a spinster or a widow, at the time of their wedding. As we shall see later, it would seem that Mary at least was a trifle along in years to be marrying for the first time, but thus far I have not been able to find a previous marriage. (4) On 14 or 15 July Francis co-signed the mortgage note mentioned above for his brother Richard. (5) On 2-3 March 1757, Francis Spencer of Craven County, planter, and Mary his wife, conveyed the 150 acre Wambav Creek tract to Thomas Webb of Craven County, planter, for only B87. As 160

25 of the date of the conveyance, the land vas described as "bounding to the Southward on Lands belonging to Richard Spencer- to the Westward on Wambaw Creek and to the North and East on lands belonging to the Estate of Glazebrook deed". (Richard's mortgage had mentioned lands of the estate of Martin Glaze Brook). Francis and Mary both signed in their own writing. The witnesses were William Chicken, Thomas Spencer and William Patureau. (6) Francis lived less than a year after selling his Wambaw Creek land. On 10 January 1758, he was buried in St. Philip's Parish. (Salley, Register of St. Philip's Parish , p. 287). On 7 July 1758, the appraisal of Francis's estate was filed, showing a total value of L550, 15s. The appraisers were Thomas Webb, who had bought the Wambaw Creek property, William Chicken, who had witnessed the deed to Thomas Webb, and William Bell, who was later to marry the widow Elizabeth (Fitch) Anderson, daughter of Mary (S. F.) Anderson. (7) On 31 October 1784, Mary Spencer, widow, age 70, was buried in St. James, Santee. (Vol. 17, p. 107). I do not see how this could have been any one else than Francis's widow. The record would indicate that she was born c. 1714, which would have made her about 34 when she and Francis were married. My guess is that Francis was born around the same time. If he had been 21 when he obtained his warrant for the Wambaw Creek property, he would have been born in about We have no record that Francis and Mary ever had children. XIX ELIZABETH SPENCER To date no direct evidence whatsoever has been discovered concerning Joseph Spencer, Sr.'s daughter Elizabeth, other than the references to her in her father's will. However, reflection on certain happenings noted herein has led to a "hunch" that she might have been the first wife of Michael Cochran. The first we hear of Michael is that, on 28 December 1758, he and Rebecca Sullivan witnessed the marriage of Nathaniel McCormack and Mary Spencer (the daughter of Joseph, Jr. and Mary Spencer) at the house of James Anderson (the older Mary's third 161 i 161

26 162 husband). Why these two witnesses? Young Mary's brother Thomas may have been considered too young, but why not Daniel McGregor the third, Edward Jerman or young Mary's uncle Thomas Spencer, or for that matter an Anderson? Next we find that on 11 January 1759, Michael Cochran, widower, and Rebecca Sullivan, spinster, were married at the house of Thomas Spencer, Sr. Why at his house, rather than at James Anderson's house if this was a matter only of friendship rather than a family relationship? We also know that Michael Cochran witnessed the 1764 will of Mary (Spencer) McCormack, whose wedding he had witnessed} and that he witnessed the will of James Anderson, husband of Mary (S. F.) Anderson, on 11 March These facts all fall into place if we assume that Michael Cochran's first wife was Elizabeth Spencer, the daughter of Joseph Spencer, Sr., and the sister of Joseph, Jr. and Thomas Spencer, Sr. Michael would then have been an uncle (by marriage) of young Mary Spencer and a natural enough vitness to her wedding. Rebecca Sullivan vould have been invited to be a vitness because she vas Michael's fiancee. Also, Thomas Spencer, Sr.'s house vould have been more natural than James Anderson's as a place for the Cochran-Sullivan vedding, since Thomas vas Elizabeth's brother, vhereas Mary Anderson vas an in-law of Elizabeth's, and James Anderson was even more remotely connected. The fact that Michael witnessed Mary McCormack's will as well as James Anderson's would also be quite understandable. Whether or not there is anything to the foregoing theory, Michael Cochran's life was rather closely interwoven with the lives of a number of the people mentioned herein and in the Appendices, and this is as good a place as any to summarize what we know about himi (1) Our earliest records are his appearance as a witness at the 28 December 1758 wedding of Nathaniel McCormack and young Mary Spencer, followed by his marriage to Rebecca Sullivan on 11 January As already indicated, Rebecca was probably a sister of, but certainly related to, Stephen Sullivan who witnessed her wedding. Stephen Sullivan was later to marry Elizabeth McGregor, 162

27 ! 163 niece of John Spencer's wife Dorothy. (See Appendix E)«(2) Michael and Rebecca (Sullivan) Cochran had a son named Michael born 18 October baptized 3 January In that record Michael was described as a ferryman. (Vol. 17, p. 36). An Act of 12 April 1768 authorized the construction of a new Chapel of Ease "Near the seven mile post on the road from Cochran's Ferry to Charles Town". (Dalcho, p. 300). It seems likely that "Cochran's Ferry" was the old "Mazyck*s Ferry", and that the location of the Chapel was to be about 7 miles south of the Santee. (3) Michael witnessed the will of James Anderson, husband of Mary (S. F.) Anderson, dated 11 March He apparently 1 signed in his own writing. (4) Michael witnessed the wedding of! Stephen Sullivan, bachelor, and Elizabeth McGregor, spinster, on, 23 December 1762 (Vol. 15, p. 141). (5) Michael Cochran, of the Parish of St. James, Santee, "planter", left a will dated 17 April 1769, probated 20 May It mentioned neither his wife Rebecca nor his son Michael, warranting, the assumption that both had predeceased him. His bequests were as followsi (a) To Jane McGregor, "Daughter of Elizabeth Sullivant late of Santee, One Hundred pounds Sterling to be paid when she shall become of Age, or shall Marry". /"jane Mc Gregor appears to have been an illegitimate daughter of Elizabeth McGregor born before Elizabeth's marriage to Stephen Sullivan. (See Appendix E). Elizabeth (McGregor) Sullivan had apparently died at the date of Michael's will._/. (b) To Rebecca Sanders, alias Beck, my negro wench named Eve. /"""identity of Rebecca Sanders not clear. Could not have been a married daughter of Michael and Rebecca Sullivan, since they were not married until 1759._7. (c) The remainder of my estate "to Elizabeth Sullivant daughter of Stephen Sullivant and to Ann Wurnal to be equally divided between them", /""whether Stephen Sullivan's daughter Elizabeth was by Elizabeth McGregor is not clear. (See Appendix E.) Who Ann Wurnal was is also a puzzle. She could not have been a married daughter of Stephen Sullivan, since he was a bachelor when 163

28 164 he married Elizabeth McGregor* and that vedding did not occur until 23 December 1762._/. As executors* Michael appointed "my esteemed Friends William Mathews* Daniel McGregor* and Richard withers". Daniel McGregor vas Daniel the third* nephew of John Spencer's wife Dorothy. As to Richard Withers* see Appendix C-l. Michael signed by mark. The witnesses were Edmund Stocker* Benjamin Brachett and William Gray* all unfamiliar names. Daniel McGregor qualified as executor On 20 May 1769, but on 16 June 1769 a new dedimus issued for the appointment of an executor, whereupon "Qualified William Mathews, Executor also ". /Ccopy breaks off herej?. That completes our account of the children of Joseph Spencer, Sr. of St. James, Santee. Before continuing with the facts about other Spencers in the area, it would be well to summarize what we know about the Spencers' close neighbor and possible relative by marriage, Ralph Jerman. XX RALPH JERMAN Our first vord of Ralph Jerman in South Carolina is as a signer of the 24 February 1717 petition to the Crown to take over the Colony from the Proprietors. His story from then on is told with as much documentation as possible in Appendix A-l. Here are the highlights, uncluttered with source referencest (1) Ralph married a Margaret Graham in St. Philip's Parish on 19 January 1720/21. (2) A little more than a year later, on 14 February 1721/2, Ralph Jerman, then of the Parish of St. James, Santee, bought 350 acres of land on the Santee River from John and Sarah Shaw, The land consisted of 250 acres on the south side of the Santee River, bounding north on Wahaw Creek (the eastern outlet of Wambaw Creek), and 100 acres on the eastern end of Neck Island opposite the mainland tract. (See Figures 6 and 7). At that point the land immediately to the west, both on the mainland and the island, was owned by Joseph Spencer, Sr., and the land to the east 164

29 165 was owned by the sons of Patrick Stewart. Over the years the land on the west was to descend to John Spencer, who. after a time, sold it to Anthony Bonneau, Jr., who finally sold it to Daniel Horry the elder. Meanwhile, the property on the east was bought by John Spencer and Joseph Spencer, Jr., who later sold it to Isaac Mazyck. Ralph lived on this Santee River property for the rest of his life* (3) In April 1733, Ralph and his wife Margaret sold 625 acres of land in Graven County to a William Swinton. This land was on the northern branch of the Black River (north of the Santee), and adjoined lands of John Brown and John Thompson. Regrettably, I have been unable to find out how or when Ralph came into the ownership of the Black River land. He could have bought or been granted it, although this seems unlikely. More probably either he or his vife inherited it. (4) Ralph had two children, a son named Edward said to have been born on 22 February 1722 /"[new or old style?_7, and a daughter named Mary. (5) One gets the impression that Ralph and his children were well accepted and respected amongst their French Huguenot neighbors. Ralph participated in a number of their personal affairs, and apparently was a supporter of the parish church, to which he gave a silver chalice. His son had two spouses and his daughter three, all of Huguenot descent, and his daughter's first wedding, which occurred after his death, took place at the house of Daniel Horry the elder. Ralph also participated actively in the Spencer family affairs. (6) Ralph left a will dated 29 December 1749, probated 23 February 1749/50. His wife Margaret seems to have predeceased him, since she was not mentioned in the will. Son Edward, who was already very well off, received a tract of land containing 337 acres, which Ralph had "Lately run out", plus bl50 "for Mourning". Daughter Mary received the residue, including the 350 acre home place. (7) Son Edward first married Susannah Satur, in a ceremony that took place some time before 1 October (The record, with the date incomplete, was entered in the Register of Christ Church Parish.) Susannah brought with her over 4,200 acres of land. 165 i

30 166 Edward and Susannah had no children, and she was buried on 9 October On 25 November Edward married Sarah Cahusac ( ). They had 12 children, all of whose names we have. Two of them died as infants and several others died relatively early, but a good number lived to be adults, and there are quite a few known descendants today, some of them in South Carolina. Virginia and New York. Edward died in leaving a will, which we have. (8) Daughter Hary first married James Belin. a widower, on 28 October The wedding took place at the house of Daniel Horry the elder, but was recorded in the Register of Christ Church parish. James, said to have been born on 16 September had married as his first wife Mercy Handlin on 23 April They had had one child, a son named James Belin, Jr. James Belin and Mary had no children, and James died shortly before 24 May On February 1752 /"[3?_7, Mary Belin. widow, conveyed the 350 acre home place she had inherited from her father to James Anderson, third husband of Mary (S. F.) Anderson. Some time between 12 March 1753 and 12 September 1758, Mary (Jerman) Belin married David Boisseau. They had children, but the number and names have not been identified. Later she apparently married Samuel Bonneau. There remains the question of Ralph Jerman's origins. We have only two direct cluest (1) George Jerman, a servant of Col. John Godfrey, arrived in the Colony in 1670, evidently from Barbados on either the Carolina or the William and John. Probably of English origin, he seems to have disappeared vithout trace. (2) On the second list of people said to be ready to go to Carolina with the Petit-Guerard group in 1679 was a "Samuel Jermain of Diepe", as head of a family of two. we do not pick him up in South Carolina, and it is quite possible that he did not sail with that group. However, a great many French Huguenots emigrated to Virginia, starting a few years before 1700, and including a particularly large group who arrived in 1700 and Some of this group settled at Manakintovn on the James River, while others went to various points elsewhere in Virginia. One of the leaders at Manakintovn was a minister named Claude Philippe de Richebourg. In 1705 or 1707 a large part of the Manakintown colony moved south 166

31 167 to North Carolina, settling along the Trent River* Contrary to some accounts, Richebourg did not go with them, but stayed on in Manakintovn until at least November In 1712 he came to South Carolina at the request of the parishioners of St. James, Santee, and became the minister there, serving until his death in It has been said that some of the Manakintovn colonists, driven out of the Trent River area by the Tuscarora wars which started in September 1711, moved to South Carolina with Richebourg. I have been unable to substantiate this story. I have also been unable so far to locate the name Jerman (or "Jermain") in the lists of Manakintown settlers (a Grahame was said to have been there), or to find out where Robert Jerman (or "Jermain")* who settled in the Neuse-Trent river area in 1738, came from. Despite this lack of solid evidence, it seems possible that the Samuel Jermain of Diepe who was in London in 1679, with ideas of going to Carolina, actually came to Virginia with his presumed wifei that Robert Jerman of North Carolina and Ralph Jerman of South Carolina were descendants, possibly sons, of his) and that Ralph Jerman came to St. James, Santee with, or following, the Reverend Richebourg. It is emphasized that this is almost pure speculation, but the Jerraan- Spencer connection in both the Trent River area and in St. James, Santee gives it enough plausibility that it deserves further research. XXI OTHER CRAVEN COUNTY SPENCERS There were a number of Spencers living in Craven County in the mid-1700*s who have not yet been discussed in detail, but who are important to our story. I A. Richard Spencer of the Little River. On 20 October 1749, a precept issued to John Pearson, Deputy Surveyor, to lay out a 400 acre tract for Richard Spencer on "Little River on the north side of Broad River". The Broad River runs south and a l i t t l e east, and the Little River runs a l most due south, joining the Broad at a point about 15 miles above the junction of the Broad and the Saluda. (See Figure 3). John 167

32 168 Pearson vas one of the prominent early land developers in the area around Saxe Gotha Township. On 20 November 1749, John Pearson signed his certificate that he had laid out the 400 acres for Richard Spencer, stating that the land bounded on all sides on land not laid out* The accompanying plat shoved the land as a perfect square, with the Little River running through i t in a southsoutheasterly direction. (S. C. Archives, Colonial Plats, Vol. 5, p. 303). Richard's land was presumably some distance up the Little River from its juncture vith the Broad, but how far we don't Know. Some time between 27 April and 24 December 1750, well before Richard took down his grant, he bought another tract of land with a house on it from John Pearson. This land was located farther south on or near the Congaree River, into vhich the Broad and Saluda flow, and was opposite the lower part of Saxe Gotha Township, in a neighborhood Known as Raiford's CreeK (close to present day Columbia). The land had been laid out originally for John Pearson, and we can determine the period during which Pearson sold it to Richard because, according to a surveyor's certificate for an adjoining tract dated 27 April 1750, the property s t i l l belonged to Pearson (Plat for Jacob Geiger, Colonial Plats, Vol. 5, p. 132), and a certificate for another adjoining tract dated 24 December 1750 shows the property as belonging to Richard Spencer (Plat for Richard Jones, Colonial Plats, Vol. 6, p. 184). Richard's land and the surrounding tracts are shown in a map reproduced in Robert L. Meriwether, "The Expansion of South Carolina ). What happened to this second tract of Richard's I don't Know. But on 13 December 1752 a grant issued to him for the 400 acres on the Little River. (S. C. Archives, Royal Grants, Vol. 5, p. 78.) This history suggests that Richard Spencer was a settler in the area, as distinguished from an absentee landowner speculating in frontier property, and was so interpreted by Meriwether, supra. He discusses the development of the Saxe-Gotha area, and the somewhat later settlement along the Broad and Little Rivers, and with respect to the Little River comments $ -to this river there came during the fifties Solomon McGraw, Richard Spencer and James Leslie, former settler's on Raiford's CreeK". (p. 148). 168

33 169 We have one other plat and grant which refer to Richard's Little River property. On 6 February a JOhn Waggoner had a precept issued for 150 acres of land on the Little River, followed by the surveyor's certificate covering it dated 4 March 1771, and the ensuing grant dated 22 August The certificate and grant described the land as "Bounding North on William Alls Land South on land surveyed for Richard Spencer and on the other two sides Vacant land". (S. C. Archives, Colonial Plats, Vol. 21, p. 250i Royal Grants, Vol. 24, p. 169). The surveyor's plat shows the Little River running through part of Waggoner's property, so it seems safe to assume that it was immediately to the north of Richard Spencer's 400 acres. The term "surveyed for Richard Spencer", as contrasted with "William Alls land", may mean that Richard had died by 6 February 1771, and that the new ownership was not known or too complicated to describe in the summary description used in the surveyor's certificate. On October 1771, "John Spencer & his wife Susannah both of Anson County North Carolina" conveyed to John Winn "of the parish of St. Mark", South Carolina, the 400 acres of land on the Little River in Craven County, South Carolina, which had been granted to Richard Spencer. The consideration was &350 current money of South Carolina. There was no further description of Richard Spencer, and no explanation of how title had passed from Richard to John Spencer of Anson County, N. C. John Winn filed a. Memorial of Title to this land on 5 February 1773, but unfortunately did not enlarge on the chain of title, stating only that/ the land was granted "the 13th of Dec*r 1752 to Richard Spencer and Conveyed by John Spencer & Susannah Spencer his wife to John Winn the Memorialist''. (S. C. Archives, Memorials of Title, Vol. 12, p. 97.) And now ve come to a crucial question for Spencer genealogists. Who was Richard Spencer of the Little River, S. C.7 To start with, and as stated earlier, I think we must assume that his land descended to John Spencer of Anson County by intestate succession. Therefore, he was clearly not Joseph Spencer, Sr.'s son Richard who owned land on Wambaw Creek, for in that case his land would have gone to his nephew Thomas Spencer just as the Wambaw Creek property did. I can see only 3 possible alternatives* 169

34 170 (1) He was unrelated to any of the South Carolina Spencers we have been discussing, and moved to South Carolina from elsewhere. I find this most difficult to accept. There is not the slightest shred of evidence to support it) there is other evidence at least suggesting that John and William Spencer of Anson County. N. C. came from South Carolina, and vere connected with the Jerman family there) and the name Richard had been given to sons of both Joseph Spencer. Sr. and Anthony Spencer of St. George, Berkeley County. Also, for vhat it may be vorth, there seems to have been at least one other person from the French Santee-.Prince George area, probably knovn to the French Santee Spencers, vho moved somevhat later to the same general neighborhood as Richard Spencer. On 11 October 1755, 2-3/4 years after the grant of the Little River property to Richard Spencer, Richard Horry of Craven County received a grant of 300 acres "on the North East Side of Broad River on branch thereof called Jacksons Creek bounding by vacant lands on every side and in the County of Craven". This appears from a conveyance dated July 1768 vhereby Richard Horry and his vife Rebeckah sold the property to John Winn for &200 lavful money of the Province. The deed vas vitnessed by James Horry, probably the son of Elias Horry II, although Richard, Rebeckah and James Horry all seem to have signed by mark. Richard Horry's identity is not clear, but surely he vas a member of the Horry family discussed elsewhere herein. (2) Richard Spencer was the son of Anthony Spencer of St. George's Parish, Berkely County, who sold his St. George's property in March 1749/50. As to this theory, the time sequence of sale.and application for Little River grant,is not unreasonable. The precept for the Little River property issued on 20 October 1749, and must have been applied for some time earlier. The St. George property was sold on 5 March 1749/50. I suppose one might apply for a grant in a new area before selling one's existing property. Also, Richard Spencer of St. George had a son named John who, although perhaps too young to have been the John Spencer who appeared in Anson County, N. C. in 1765, might have been that John. But I feel compelled to discard this theory also, because. (a) If John Spencer of Anson County had inherited 170

35 the Little River property from his father, it vould have been both simple and customary to recite that fact in his deed to- John Winn, the absence of a recital of the chain of title suggests that it might have been, considered a little too complicated to bother vith, as it might have been if Richard and John vere brothers (necessity of explaining relative ages of Richard, John and other brothers). (b) It is at least reasonably probable that John and William Spencer of Anson County, N. C. vere brothers, and the same John and William vho appeared in the Trent River area in If so. John could not have been the son of Richard Spencer of St. George, Berkeley County, since that Richard apparently had only one child, John, and hence no brother William. Also, ve must consider the seeming connection betveen the Spencers and Jermans in the Trent River area, and betveen the Spencers and Jermans in French Santee. There is no vay ve can fit Richard Spencer of St. George, or his son John, into that scenario. (c) Again, for vhatever it is vorth, the presence of Richard Horry in the Broad River area tends to fit vith the notion that the Little River Richard Spencer vas from the French Santee family, but is meaningless so far as Richard Spencer of St. George is concerned. (d) As we have seen, the Richard Spencer of the Little River seems to have been a permanent settler in the area, not an absentee land-owner. Richard Spencer of St. George was a l most certainly in or near Beach Hill, Colleton County, when he vitnessed the viil of William Fishborn of St. Paul's Parish, dated 27 September 1753, veil after Richard spencer vas living near Saxe-Gotha Township, and the grant of the Little River property on 13 December (3) Richard Spencer of the Little River was from the French Santee family, in which case four separate theories as to his identity need to be examined. These theories are discussed below.'the idea that Richard was from the French Santee family seems by far the most plausible notion, for reasons which have already been stated or impliedi (a) The given name Richard would have been most 171 m

36 172 natural, since Joseph Spencer, Sr. named a son Richard, and a Richard Spencer, perhaps Joseph Sr.'s son but in any event probably from French Santee, tried pioneering on the Trent River near the Jermans in (b) The presence of Richard Horry in the Broad River area, if it means anything, suggests that Richard Spencer vas from French Santee. (c) There is other evidence indicating the Anson County John and William Spencer vere from French Santee (See Ancestors of William Spencer of Montgomery County. North Carolina). (d) The Saxe-Gotha and Little River area vould have been a natural vestvard location for someone from French Santee. One can even visualize John and William Spencer (later of Anson County) taking the old trading route up the Santee to Richard's place, or starting from there, and proceeding up the Wateree to the vicinity of present-day Charlotte, then east, and south across the Neuse, to the headwaters of the Trent River, and finally backtracking vestvard to Johnston County, Rovan County and Anson County. If Richard Spencer of the Little River vas from French Santee, four possible theories arises (a) He vas a son of Joseph Spencer, Jr., probably by a vife preceding Mary. In this case he could have been the Richard on the Trent River in , and the father of the Anson County Spencers John and William, and possibly Joseph. I am afraid this theory must be discarded, however, since if Richard was Joseph, Jr.'s son, he would have been older than Joseph, Jr.'s son Thomas, and he or his issue would have inherited the Richard Spencer property on Wambaw Creek, not Thomas. (b) Richard was a son of John Spencer born by another wife before John married Dorothy McGregor. In this case again. Richard could have been the Trent River Richard and the father of the Anson County Spencers. But the terms of Joseph Spencer, Sr.'s * Apparently reliable family information says the Anson County William Spencer's father had "a brother named Joe Spencer". If Richard was his father, Richard must have had a brother Joseph (possibly the Joseph of Pronce George discussed below) who could have been the Anson county Joseph. But family information also says that the Anson County William was one of three brothers (either of three brothers who came to North Carolina, or of a total of three brothers). If Richard was the father of the Anson County William, the Anson County Joseph was probably the third brother. 172

37 will, providing for John's death without issue, suggest that John did not have children at the end of 1729; and again, if. the Anson County John Spencer was the son of Richard Spencer of the Little River, why did he not say so in his deed to John Winn? (c) Richard was a son of one of Joseph, Sr.'s 3 younger sons. In this case the Anson County John Spencer would have had to be his brother, since otherwise the Little River property would have gone to Thomas Spencer as the Wambaw Creek property did, not to the Anson County John Spencer. I find this theory very diffi cult to accept. Richard Spencer of Wambaw Creek could hot have been the father, since we know he died without issue. And Thomas Spencer, Sr. and Francis Spencer seem most unlikely candidates to have been the father of Richard and the Anson County Spencers, because, so far as we know, neither one of them had children, there is no evidence that Thomas, Sr. ever married, and both were probably too young to have had a son Richard who had a precept for land issued on 20 October (d) Richard was a son of John and Dorothy (McGregor) Spencer, and a brother of John and William Spencer of Anson County, and possibly of Joseph Spencer of Anson County. On balance this seems to me to be the most plausible theory. It gives us a somewhat tight fit on time. John and Dorothy were married on 14 January 1731/2, and if Richard was their son he must have been the oldest, or at least the second oldest. If he was 16 when his precept for the Little River land issued on 20 October 1749, he would have been born by October This gives me a little pause, but is certainly possible. It also requires us to think that the Richard Spencer on the Trent River in was the Wambaw Creek Richard, or a son of Joseph, Jr, by a wife preceding Mary, or someone unknown. Nevertheless, in the absence of further evidence I regard this solution to our. identity problem as probably correct. * Acquisition of property by males under 21 was by no means unknown, Daniel Horry the first, born in or after April 1705 (see Appendix A), owned land by 10 June 1718 (see' grant to Elias Horry I dated 10 June 1718 referring to land of Daniel Horry, S. C. Archives, Royal Grants, Vol. 39, p. 232). 173 i

38 174 B. Josoph Spencer of Prince Georqe. On 4 September 1742 a Joseph Spencer bought a 40p acre tract of land in Craven County from John and Mary Steel* for L>500. (Deed Book X, p. 167). John Steel was the original grantee of the land. His precept had issued on 17 January 1738} the surveyor's certificate was dated 7 September 1739, and the grant issued to John on 14 December (S. C. Archives, Colonial Plats, Vol. 3, p. 515; Royal Grants, Vol. 3, p. 326). The tract bounded to the northeastward on land of Mr. John Gough, to the northwestward and southwestward on vacant land, and to the southeastward partly on land of Mr. George Smith, and partly on vacant land. The surveyor's plat showed that the tract was bounded on the northwest by an "impassable Bay Swamp", and that a "Broad path" led off from the southeasterly corner of the property. On April 1762, Joseph Spencer "of Santee in the Province of South Carolina Planter" sold the 400 acres to Mark Huggins "of Santee in the province aforesaid Planter" for i»150.* In this conveyance the land was described as "400 acres in Prince George Parish c»mmoniy known by the name of Newfoundland, Butting and bounding to the Northeast on John Gough's land, to the Northwest on vacant land, to the South East on George Smith's land partly and partly on vacant land ". Joseph signed the conveyance in his own writing. No wife joined in the deed. The witnesses were William Mathews (probably the younger of the two Williams appearing at various points herein, sometimes in records concerning the Spencers), and Duke Bell. The latter was probably Marmaduke Bell, who may or may not have been related to the James and William Bell frequently mentioned herein as sons-in-law of Mary (S. F.) Anderson. The Huggins family appears in quite a few records. The most informative is the will of John Huggins of Christ Church Parish dated 20 March 1739/40, with a codicil dated 14 March 1742/3, probated 9 November it showed that John had 4 sons named Joseph, Mark, George and Humphrey, the latter 3 under 21t daughters named Priscilla Arthur (apparently the wife of Nathaniel Arthur ) and Judith Miller; and a "son-in-law" named Phiny Spry. John owned land in Christ Church Parish, and left to sons Joseph and Mark land in Prince George, fronting on the Santee River, where Joseph was liv ing at the time of the will. John mentioned William Buchanan,and land John had bought from Mr. Blyth, formerly belonging to John Bell, dcsd. (Moore, Vol. II, p. 20). Other records suggest Mark lived in Prince George. 174

39 175 (See Appendix B). Unhappily, we have no good clue to this Joseph Spencer's identity. The only facts Known about him, or that I can deduce, aret (1) He must have been at least 16 when he bought the Prince George property in 1742, and therefore must have been born no later than 1726, and quite probably earlier. (2) He was apparently unmarried in 1762 when he sold the property, because no wife joined in the conveyance, and South Carolinians were usually quite meticulous about getting the wife's signature. (3) The timing of the purchase in September 1742, and the fact that Joseph apparently named his property "Newfoundland", suggest that he might have been a son of John Spencer or Joseph Spencer, Jr. Certainly one, or indeed both, of them could have been expected to name a son Joseph. They had both sold their property in 1737, and Joseph, Jr. had died in late 1741 or early in John's case, however, we Know that he didn't marry Dorothy until , and the provisions of his father's will make it unlikely that he had children at the end of In Joseph, Jr.'s case, as previously noted, there seems little likelihood that he had children by Mary other than the 3 we Know of, since no such Spencers appear in any of the available records concerning her or her other children. (4) The records we have reviewed concerning other Spencers in South Carolina offer us no Josephs of the right age bracket who are unaccounted for, except (a) the son of Joseph, and Sarah Spencer of Christ Church Parish born 4 October 1726, and (b) the Joseph Spencer who married Ann Rodgers, apparently on 1 June (See Section IV B and C above). These two Josephs.may have been one and the same person. If they were not, the'first one seems pretty young to have gone off to Prince George buying land in 1742; and the second one (discussed further below) did not leave Christ Church Parish until after 9 November i I am: left with the guess, and it is only that, that the Joseph Spencer who bought land in Prince George in.1742 and sold it in 1762 was a son of Joseph Spencer, Jr. by a wife preceding Mary. He could have been the Joseph who appeared in Anson County, 175

40 176 N. C, near William and John, in If so, our guess as to his identity, and the previous conclusion that John and William Spencer of Anson County were probably sons of John and Dorothy (Mc- Gegor) Spencer, would mean that he was a cousin of the Anson County John and William. C. John Spencer of Prince Frederick's Parish. The Register Book for the Parish of Prince Frederick, Winy ah, tells us that Mary Spencer, daughter of John Spencer and Judith his wife, was born on 17 September 1743, and baptized on 9 October (p. 15). That is the only record we have of John, his wife Judith, or his daughter Mary in Prince Frederick. (A few other Spencers appear later in the Parish, but there seems no reason to think that they were connected with John. See below.). Since we have no land records involving John, and no subsequent birth or death records concerning him or his wife or daughter, it seems fair to conclude that he had only recently come to the Parish, owned no land there, and moved on. He may have come from somewhere outside of South Carolina. On the other hand, because of his given name, and the date of this record, it is possible that he was one of "our" south Carolina Spencers. If so, one would guess that he came from the French Santee branch, and might have been a son of Joseph, Jr. by a wife predating Mary. He also might have been Joseph, Sr.s son John who had married Dorothy McGregor, and Dorothv had died. Until we have more facts, his identity must remain in the "highly speculative" category. D. Joseph and Ann Spencer of St. James. Santee. We next come to some records involving a Joseph and Ann Spencer in St. James. Santee which give us one of our more interesting puzzles. We start vith the will of an Alexander Christie of Prince George's Parish, Craven County, planter, dated 27 July 175G, probated 16 December He mentioned no wife or children, and left 1100 to the free school in Georgetown, "three Cows & Calves" to "Mr. Joseph Spencers Children now living in the said Parish afd by Name William Spencer Ann Spencer Rebecca Spencer", and the remainder of his estate to be divided equally among the following 176

41 177 children* " Christopher Jardin Jun. Alexander Buchanan Alurd Belin Jun Thomas Belin Paul Brumean Jun " Then came the following contingent gifts in case any of the foregoing children died unmarried before reaching age 21i In case of death of Gift to Christopher Jardin Jun. "his sister Mary Jardin" Alexander/^Buchanan_/ "his brother John Buchanan" Alurd Belin "his brother Peter" Thomas Bellin "his sister Sarah Belin" Paul Brumean Jun. "the first Child that shall be born of the Body of his Mother Anne Brumean" Finally Alexander directed his executors to sell all his property "at Publick Vendue" and to divide, the proceeds amongst the Executors "for the use of their Children to whom I have given the same", As executors. Alexander appointed"chrisopher Jordan A lard Belin Paul Brunean and William Buchanan". Alexander signed in his own writing. The witnesses were Benjamin Darling, Margaret Belin and Edward Hiscock. Before discussing the Spencers named in the foregoing will, a few points should be made about the residuary legatees and executorsi (1) The name "Jardin" or. "Jordan" was probably "Jourdin". (2) Alexander and John Buchanan were sons of William Buchanan, who appears at various points herein. His will, dated 19 October 1756, probated 1 April 1757, mentioned a wife Deborah, 3 sons named James, John and Alexander (the latter two under 21), and 2 daughters named Mary Ann withers and Elizabeth Buchanan. He also had a brother Robert, a Charles Town shopkeeper, vho married Dorcas McGregor, and died in William qualified as executor of Alexander Christie on 16 December He was named an executor of the will of John Fitch, Jr., second husband of Joseph Spencer, Jr.'s vidov Mary, an executor of the viil of James Belin the elder dated 2 February 1744/5, and an appraiser of the estate of James Belin the younger, husband of Mary Jerman, signing the appraisal on 24 May A John Buchanan, thought to have been 1 177

42 178 William's son, married Elizabeth Miot, granddaughter of Mary (S. F.) Anderson, on 21 August What connection, if any, there vas betveen William Buchanan and Alexander Christie is unknown. One vould guess it might have been through William's vife Deborah or Alexander's deceased vife, if he had one. For more on the Buchanans, see Appendix D. (3) A lard Belin, Sr. vas a son of James Belin the elder and his vife Sarah (Torquett) Belin, later Sarah Aliston. James the elder, vho died in 1745 or 1746, had tvo other sons named William and James (the younger), and at least tvo daughters named Mary and Elizabeth, vho married, respectively, Alexander Brovn and John La Bruce. James Belin the elder had a daughter vho married Alcimus Gaiilard, and I am inclined to think she vas a third daughter, possibly a Sarah. Alard Belin, Sr. married Margaret Robert, doubtless the Margaret Belin vho vitnessed Alexander Christie's viil. My information about the Belins is set forth in Appendix G. Nothing there indicates vhat relationship, if any, there vas betveen them and Alexander Christie. I can only comment that perhaps the Belins vere more important to Alexander than the other residuary legatees. Note that tvo Belin sons received shares, vhile only one child from the other 3 families vas given a portion. We also knov that Alexander Christie vitnessed the viil of James Belin the elder. (4) The name "Brumean", or in one place "Brunean", vas probably "Bruneau". Again, I lack evidence of a connection betveen the Bruneau family and Alexander. Why Alexander Christie left a more or less token gift to the Spencer children is almost as mysterious as his reasons for leaving the bulk of his estate to 3 French Huguenot families and the Buchanans. We do have additional records almost certainly relating to these Spencerst (1) On 25 June 1767, Joseph Spencer vitnessed the vedding of Rebecca Spencer, spinster, of St. James, Santee, and Robert Morrison, bachelor, of the Parish of St. Thomas. Rebecca signed the register vith her mark. The other vitness vas Lydia Perdriau. (Vol. 15, pp. 199, 200). Rebecca vas doubtless Joseph's daughter, mentioned in Alexander Christie's viil. Subsequent records of St. 178

43 i 179 James, Santee show the following! (a) Ann, daughter of Robert Morrison and Rebecca his wife born 7 November 1768, baptized 3 July 1769 (Vol. 17, p. 45). (b) Rebecca, daughter of Robert and Rebecca Morrison born 9 November 1770, baptized 17 December Robert described as an overseer. (Vol. 17, p. 79). (c) Pius, son of Robert and Rebecca Morrison, born 5 May 1783, baptized 17 July Robert again described as an overseer. (Vol. 17, p. 111). The name Morrison has been said to be one of the old family names still represented in McLennanyille, the coastal town south of the mouth of the South Santee River. (Travel Section, Nev York Times, 11 December 1977). (2) On 19 December 1767, William Spencer, "a youth", was buried in St. James, Santee. This William was almost certainly Joseph's son mentioned in Alexander Christie's will. (Vol. 17, p. 76). (3) On 29 May 1769, Joseph Spencer, "planter", was buried in St. James, Santee. (Vol. 17. p. 77). The will of Joseph Spencer of St. James, Santee, dated 10 May 1769, was probated on 12 December it gave all his estate to his wife Ann for life, with power to dispose of it by will to "such of her Children by me as she shall think proper". As executors Joseph named his wife, and "my sister Jane Mary Spencer". He signed in his own writing. The vitnesses vere James caliadon, Lambert Shields and Isaac Dutart. (The Dutart name appears in a good many St. James, Santee records.) From the foregoing, I think ve must conclude that this Joseph Spencer vas the one mentioned in Alexander Christie's viil, and that on 27 July 1756, Joseph had 3 children living in Prince George's Parish, namely, William, Ann and Rebecca. Whether Joseph, his vife Ann, plus any other members of the family vere also living in Prince George on that date is not knovn. Perhaps only the three children vere there, possibly attending the free school. Who vere this Joseph Spencer and his vife Ann? We have no evidence connecting them directly vith the descendants of Joseph Spencer, Sr. My best guess is that they vere the Joseph and Ann (Rodgers) Spencer vhom ve last sav in Christ Church Parish

44 ISO on 9 November At that point they had had 3 children born in Christ Church Parisht Elizabeth, apparently born on 1 April 1739) Isaac, baptized on 5 December and Ann. born on 14 July and baptized on 9 November 1744, in a ceremony at vhich Mary Richards vas a "surety". (See Section IV C above). If this vas the same couple, daughter Elizabeth and son Isaac had either died or happened not to be living in Prince George vhen Alexander Christie made his vlll (or he simply elected not to remember them), and tvo more children, William and Rebecca, had been born. None of those suppositions seems unreasonable to me. Our next question is, vho vas Joseph's "sister Jane Mary Spencer", whom he named as executrix? There are tvo basic possibilities! (1) She vas a sister by blood vho vas still unmarried on 10 May 1769, vhen Joseph vrote his viil. If so, ve have only one possible clue to her identity. If Joseph vas the son of Joseph and Sarah Spencer of Christ Church Parish, he had a sister, recorded simply as "Mary", born 16 October 1732, vhose subsequent life ve are not sure about. (See Section IV B above). This line of thought is not entirely satisfactory, because (a) there is a lingering uncertainty vhether Joseph, the son of Joseph and Sarah Spencer, vas old enough to have been the one vho married Ann Rodgers, and (b) there is no evidence that the Mary Spencer born in Christ Church Parish in 1732 ever lived in St. James, Santee, vhere one vould expect her to be if she vas to serve as Joseph's executrix. (2) "Jane Hary Spencer" vas a sister-in-lav of Joseph. Here ve may recall that a Mary Richards vas a "surety" at the 1744 baptism of little Ann in Christ Church Parish; that Mary Richards married Francis Spencer of St. James, Santee on 23 February 1747/8 (in St. Philip's Parish); and that a Mary Spencer, thought to have been Francis's vidov, vas buried in St. James, Santee, on 31 October Nov Francis Spencer vas not a brother of the Joseph Spencer under discussion. But perhaps Mary (or Jane Mary) Richards vas a sister of Ann Rodgers, the most likely cir cumstance being that Mary had married a Richards, vho had died, and Mary vas a vidov vhen she married Francis Spencer, something that vould not be surprising in view of her age at the time of her 180

45 181 marriage. (See Section XVIII above).* There ia one more point to be noted about this Joseph Spencer's identity, before taking up the Christie connection. The fact that three of Joseph's children were living in Prince George on 27 July 1756 makes One wonder whether the whole family was there at that time, and if so whether this Joseph was the one who bought land there in 1742 and sold it in 1762 (see sub-section B above), subsequently moving to St. James. Santee. I think not. for the following reasonst (1) The Joseph who Sold the Prince George land in 1762 was pretty surely unmarried at that time. (2) If. as seems likely, the Joseph and Ann Spencer of St. James. Santee were the Joseph and Ann (Rodgers) Spencer who were earlier in Christ Church Parish, they did not leave the latter Parish until after 9 November 1744, well after the Joseph of Prince 1 George had bought his land there. (3) Alexander Christie's will identified the three Spencer beneficiaries as "Mr. Joseph Spencers Children now living in " Prince George. This almost implies that Joseph was not living there, and that perhaps there were other children of his who were not living there. And now we come to the final question, why did Alexander Christie make a more or less token gift to the Spencer children? Our thoughts turn back to Mary Christie of Colleton County, the widow of the surgeon, James Christie. Her will, dated 10 May 1767, was witnessed by William Spencer, Sr., believed, to have been the son of William the Elder of James Island; and her son James was later proposed as an administrator of the estate of William Spencer, Jr., of St. Paul's Parish, as "greatest creditor", before the administration was granted to a Mary Spencer as next of kin. (See Section XI above). This seems a little more than sheer coincidence, and suggests the following* i The possibility has been considered that Joseph was a son of Joseph and Sarah Spencer of Christ Church Parish, and that his sister Mary married a Richards, and later Francis Spencer. This could not have been, since Mary would have been almost too young to have married a Richards by the date of the 1744 christening, and Francis's widow appears to have, been born about

46 182 (1) Alexander Christie vas a brother of the surgeon James Christie, and therefore the brother-in-law of Mary Christie. (See Appendix F). (2) Mary Christie, and her sister Elizabeth Day, may have been Spencers. If so, Mary could have been a daughter of Oliver Spencer the second,*and therefore a sister of Oliver Spencer the third and Joseph Spencer (husband of Sarah),of Christ Church Parish. This vould have made her an aunt of Joseph and Sarah's son Joseph, who may have been the one vho married Ann Rodgers. (3) After Joseph and Ann (Rodgers) Spencer moved to St. James, Santee (vhere Ann's sister Mary vas living as the vife of Francis Spencer?), they sent three of their children to live In Prince George, possibly to attend the free school, and there, perhaps at the suggestion of Mary Christie, his presumed sisterin-law, James Christie took an interest in them. I have nothing to prove that Alexander Christie was a brother of the surgeon James Christie,**nor that James's widow Mary was a Spencer. One can only say that things might have been so, in which case we would have some additional evidence that the James Island Spencers were related to the Christ Church Parish Spencers. XXII UNIDENTIFIED 18th CENTURY SPENCERS The entire discussion thus far has concerned Spencers with known connections to one or another branch of the family, or whose connections have been guessed at based on some semblance of evidence. As in any study of this kind, we are left with some Spencers whose identity is so uncertain I have not tried to group * I suggest Oliver the second as a father because I find no Spencer family connected with Christ Church Parish having sisters named Mary and Elizabeth who survived to adulthood. ** James Christie had no visible connection with Craven County. Henry Christie, who may have been a brother, owned a lot in"kings Town" (Conway), Craven County, which he sold to John Laurens in (See Appendix F). 182

47 183 them vith any of the knovn branches, or vho are knovn to have been of other lines. Some of these "uncertain" Spencers could veil have come to Carolina separately, and have been unrelated to the ones ve have been discussing. The chances for that to have happened certainly increased as the 18th century wore on. As an instance, see letter from Peter Timothy, editor of the South Carolina Gazette, to Benjamin Franklin, date lined Charles Tovn, 3 September As early as June 1762 Franklin had been seeking a position for "One Spencer, formerly a merchant of figure and credit". Timothy's letter to Franklin saidi "It vas lucky for Mr. Spencer that you recommended him to me. He is happily settled. And in May last I vas reimbursed the Money I paid Maitland on your Bill, vith vhat he owed you". (Vol. 55, p. 162). In any event, there follows a catalogue of the Spencers not previously discussed. A. Georoe Spencer (of St. Philip's Parish?) On 27 July 1746, a George Spencer married Catherine Rowland in St. Philip's Parish. (Salley, Register of St. Philip's Parish , p. 183). A Catherine Spencer was buried in St. Philip's Parish on 9 December (Salley, Register of St. Philip's Parish , p. 286). On 29 October 1779 a daughter of George Spencer was buried in St. Philip's Parish. (Idem, p. 334). There vere tvo George Spencers in the 1790 census for South Carolinai a head of household in St. Philip's and St. Michael's, vith 1 male 16 and over, 1 male under 16, 2 females and 2 slaves i and a head of household in the northern part of Orangeburgh District, vith 1 male 16 and over, 2 females, and 6 slaves. Curiously, the Jury Lists of South Carolina for included a George Spencer as a member of the Petit Jury for the Parish of St. Peter (St. Helen's Parish). (Lindsay and Hen- 183

48 184 drix, p. 64)*, This may have been a third George Spencer. B. John Spencer of Augusta. Ann Roberson of Charles Town, widow, left a will dated 5 June 1757, probated 28 October 1757, signed with her mark. As an executor she named her brother John Spencer of Augusta, and left him L700. The other principal beneficiaries were William Roberson, probably her son, whom she also named as executor, Ann Colis, apparently her daughter, and Ann Colis's minor daughter Elizabeth. On 13 December 1757 a hearing was held on the petition of Richard Colis, on behalf of his wife Anne, a legatee under the will of Ann Roberson, asking for a writ of "Ne exeat Regnura" /[don't leave the jurisdiction./ against John Spencer as co-executor of the will. The matter was settled by an agreement by John Spencer to answer a bill to be filed against him. (Chancery Court Records, pp ). Anne Roberson may, of course, have come from Augusta and moved to Charles Town when she married. C. Bartholomew Spencer and Margaret Spencer of Prince Frederick. The Register of Prince Frederick's Parish contains the following entry dated 7 April 1760t "To 1 year of Michal Cary to Mr. Bartholomew.Spencer Paid by Capt. White, & Jno Conner 70 /jpounds_7". (p. 163). On 9 May 1763, Margaret Spencer was entered as "Poor of the parish" (p. 180). Thereafter there were a good many entries of payments for the board of Michael Cary (or Carey) and Margaret Spencer, boarding with the same person. They continued up through 5 April (pp. 193, 194,195, 197,182, 184, 189, 198, 199, 200, 202, 205, 207, 220, 221). It appears to me that Bartholomew Spencer may have been Margaret's father, and for some reason he was also supporting Michael Cary, when something happened to him (no record of his death, so he may have left the Parish), D. Rev. George Spencer of Prince Frederick. On or shortly before 10 November 1767 a Reverend George Spencer arrived in Prince Frederick's Parish to become the new minister there. The Vestry Minutes for 10 November readt "Meet the Rev d Mr. George Spencer whoe Presented the Vestry With the Lord Bishop's Letter to the Vestry & Wardens of this Parish, As also his Lordship's License ". " chose to go directly to live at the 184

49 Gleeb replied he did not preferred boarding with one of his Parishioners until Spring", (p. 192). There were subsequent references to the Reverend George, but by 5 October 1768 there was trouble between him and the Vestry. He had complained of being " ill - used", and the Vestry felt that if anyone were at fault it was he (he was charged with improper "Parish hunting"). His complaints were withdrawn subsequently, but the Vestry remained unhappy, and it was agreed that he would join the Vestry in asking the Bishop of London for another minister. We next learn, however, that on 28 June 1769 the Reverend George "departed this life", (pp. 46,59,193,194,195, 196,197). On 14 July 1769 Barkley Clark was appointed administrator of the estate of the Rev. George Spencer of Prince Frederick's Parish, as greatest creditor (Vol. 35, p. 26). From the foregoing, I wouid think that the Reverend George came to Prince Frederick from somewhere outside of South Carolina, probably from England. There is no indication that he was married or had children (note that he preferred to board for a While rather than live at the Glebe), and I doubt very much that he was related to the Bartholomew and Hargaret Spencer mentioned above, who were in the Parish by E. Ann Spencer (of St. Helena?) On 7 October 1762 an Ann Spencer married a "John Jenes, a soldier", in St. Helena's Parish. (Vol. 23, p. 124).* F. Rachel Spencer (of St. Philip's?). On 29 November 1767 Rachel Spencer, spinster, married Richard Capers. (Salley, Register of St. Philip's Parish , p. 186). F-l. Ann Spencer (of St. Philip's Parish?). On 7 March 1770 Ann Spencer, spinster, married Thomas Rivers (of the James Island Rivers'?). (Idem, p. 193). G. John Spencer of the Saluda River. On 13 April 1769 a John Spencer received a grant of 100 *A Samuel "Jeans" or "Jeanes" witnessed the will of Rebekah Stiles of Colleton County, dated 3 July 1749, and she was the step-mother of Sarah Stiles who married Richard Spencer, son of Anthony (see Section VI above). This fact, however, may be completely irrelevant, and in any event doesn't seem to lead us anywhere

50 186 acres in Craven County bounded on all sides by vacant lands. (Royal Grants, Vol. 20, p. 218). On 27 June 1769 John Spencer, evidently the foregoing grantee, filed a Memorial of Title concerning this land. It referred to a survey dated 26 /Z 28? _7 November 1768, and recited that the grant had issued on 13 April The Memorial described the land as being in Craven County "on Halfvay Swamp a Branch of Saludy bounded on an sides by vacant land". (S. C. Archives, Memorials, Vol. 8, p. 464). There were either 2 or 3 John Spencers discussed in earlier Sections whose tracks we lost i (1) The son of Richard Spencer (see Section VI above). (2) The John Spencer, "Jr." whose existence is implied by the fact that John Spencer of John's Island, son of William the Elder of James Island, was referred to as "Sr.". (See Section X above). However, this John "Jr." could have been Richard's son just mentioned. (3) The John Spencer who was married to a lady named Judith, and had a daughter Mary born in Prince Frederick's Parish on 17 September (See Section XXI C above). I suppose the John Spencer who obtained the grant on the Saluda River could have been any one of the foregoing, but there are other John Spencers mentioned below who are also to be considered! and this John Spencer could have been someone who came to South Carolina from elsewhere. I doubt very much that he was John Spencer of St. James, Santee, the son of Joseph Spencer, Sr., because of the age factor. H. John Spencer of Granville County. A John Spencer received two grants of land in Granville County in (1) A grant on 15 May 1772 of 150 acres "on Russel Is fork a branch of Nobles Creek, bounding to the east and southeast on Mr. Strowder /""or Strawder_7, southwest on Joseph Doolittle and vacant land, and on all other parts on vacant lands". (S. C. Archives, Royal Grants, Vol. 25, p. 347). A Memorial dated 4 July 1772 filed by John Spencer gives the same description except that the land vas said to bound on the east and southeast on "Strawders now Joseph Doolittle". (Idem, Memorials, Vol. 11, p. 299). 186

51 (2) A grant on 19 June 1772 of 100 acres "on both sides of Chaveses Creek", bounding southwest on land held by Jenkins Harris, northwest on Reuben Rambo's land, and on all other parts vacant land. (S. C. Archives, Royal Grants, Vol. 26, p. 60). John Spencer filed a Memorial covering this land on 27 August (idem. Memorials, Vol. 11, p. 383). The Jury Lists for South Carolina showed a John Spencer in an area"between Turkey Creek & Savannah River", listed next to a Lawrence Rambo, who must have been the same John Spencer. '(Lindsay & Hendrix, pp. 80, 97). However, the South Carolina 1790 census shows no John Spencer in this area. The Granville County John Spencer might have been Richard's son (Richard's brother John and father Anthony both had land as far south as the Combahee at one point, and Richard inherited his brother's land)) or he might have been the John "Jr." who caused John Spencer of John's Island to be called John "Sr" (John, "Sr."acquired land on the Ashepoo River, which was inherited by his oldest son William). As previously suggested, those tvo Johns could have been one and the same. But the Granville County John could of course have been someone else entirely. I.Calvin Spencer of Chesterfield County. Sewmuf't &*out*c* Sexual Calvin Spencer was a 5th generation descendant of Gerard (or Jared) Spencer, one of 4 brothers from Stotfold, Bedfordshire, England, who emigrated to Massachusetts in the early 1630's. Gerard and two of his brothers ultimately settled in Connecticut. Calvin, born in Connecticut on 27 September 1753, came to South Carolina in or before In that year he was serving as a Captain in Col. Huger's Battalion of the 1st Regiment, South Carolina line. Toward the end of 1777 he resigned his commission and was appointed Assistant Deputy Quartermaster for the State of South Carolina, with the rank of Captain. In July 1778, while still in Charles Town, he purchased 300 acres of land on the southwest side of the Pee Dee River. He was described in that deed as "gentleman". (Deed Book Z-4, p. 78). At some time thereafter he was visiting at the plantation of the widow Mary (Ford) Bonneau, in Prince George's Parish, probably to see his fiancee, Rebecca Ford, and was captured by the British. By 22 August 1782 he had been re- 187

52 188 leased, for on that day he married Rebecca Ford (daughter of Geroge Ford) at Mrs Bonneau's plantation. Shortly thereafter the couple moved to a plantation on Thomson's Creek, near Cheraw. in Chesterfield County. Calvin purchased 300 acres of land there on 5 February 1784 (Deed Book 1-5, p. 168). He was a prosperous planter, a delegate from St. David's Parish from 1784 to a county judge in 1785 and 1791, a delegate to the Conventions of 1788 and 1790, and in 1794 the Colonel of the 39th Regiment of South Carolina Militia, part of Brigade IX of Cheraw (Chesterfield, Marlboro and Darlington). His half-brother. Judge Samuel Spencer, was a prominent military and political figure and jurist in Anson County, N. C. Calvin died in 1801, leaving a large family. (For voluminous information on the New England Spencers, and on Calvin, see The American Genalogist, Volumes 27-30, and Gregg, "A H,story of the Old Cheraws".) J. John and William Spencer of 96 District. On 24 March 1775, a citation was granted to John Spencer of Ninety Six District to administer the estate of William Spencer, late of 96 District, as next of kin. On 13 June 1775 a dedimus issued to qualify John Spencer as the administrator of William Spencer. (Miscellaneous Records). One wonders if by any chance this William was William, Sr., son of William the Elder of James Island, who hda moved with a younger son named John to District 96 in the southwestern part of the state. If so, John was perhaps the John, "Jr." referred to several times above. But this remains sheer speculation. K. James Spencer, the miscreant. On 9 February 1778, James Spencer, a Trooper in the Light Dragoons, 1st Regiment of the South Carolina Line, was sentenced for desertion and disposing of his arms and horse accoutrements. His sentence was 99 lashes with switches, plus reduction in pay until the value of the property disposed of was recovered. (Vol. 8, p. 21). This or another James Spencer witnessed the will of James Pendarvis of St. Paul's Parish, dated 22 August The other witnesses were John Ellis and Thomas Gebzer. (Abstracts, , p. 374.) The latter James possibly related to John Spencer, heading "0. Other Spencers ", below? 188

53 L. Sebastian Spencer of Charles Tovn. The 1790 census for the Charleston area listed "Sabastine" Spencer as head of household vith 3 males 16 and over, 1, male under 16, 1 female and 9 slaves. Other references to Sebastian Spenceri (1) On Jury Lists for St. Philip's and St. Michael's Parishes (Lindsay & Hendrix, p. 27). (2) Married Mrs. Elizabeth Spidell on 14 December 1783 (Vol. 18, pp. 37-8, 145). (3) Conveyed land to Esther Stent in 1787 (Book Z-5, p. 148), and vitnessed viil of Esther Stent of Charleston, vidov, dated 27 January 1789, probated 25 February 1789, signing by mark (Abstracts , p. 168). (Stent name suggests James Island).(4) On 9 May 1807 "Sabestian" Spencer Of Charleston, shoemaker, for natural love and affection and $100, conveyed to his daughter Catherine Spencer, a tovn lot on east side of Meeting Street (one of adjoining landovners an Alexander Perronneau) Signed by mark) vitnesses Jos. Legg and I. W. Chitty. (5) 1789 deed from Sebastian to John Smith (Book T-7, p. 309), and deed from executors of Alexander Perroneaux to Sebastian (Book E-5, p. 44), not examined by the vriter. M. Harriett Spencer (of Charleston?) On 3 June 1784 Miss Harriett Spencer and Mr. Charles Pierce were married in Charleston. (S. C. Weekly Gazette, Vol. 18, p.189] N. Jesse and Benjamin Spencer of Spartanburg County. The 1790 census for Spartanburg County listed Jesse Spenser and Benjamin Spenser as heads of households, believed to be sons of John Spencer of Anson County, N. C, vho inherited land of Richard Spencer of Little River, S. C.(See Ancestors of William Spencer). 0. Other Spencers in 1790 census. Other Spencer heads of Household in 1790 census veret (1) Charleston District, St. Paul's Parishi John Spencer, 1 male 16 and over, 1 male under 16, 2 females, 2 slaves. A John Spencer and a John Ellis vere executors of viil of John Shepherd of St. Paul's Parish, dated 12 May 1788, probated 6 February John Ellis the residuary legatee. (Abstracts , p. 166). Ellis name suggests James Island, and see second reference to James Spencer, heading K above. A John Spencer vitnessed the will of Thomas Brodie, apparently of Charleston, factor, dated 28 June, probated 27 July Samuel Baker also a vitness. (Idem, p. 395). (2) Georgetovn Districts Charles Spencer and Peter Grev, 2 males 16 and over, 3 females. (3) Ninety- Six District i (a) Pendleton CountytMoses Spencer, 2 males 16 and over, 3 males under 16, 5 females, (b) Laurens Countyt Robert Spencer, 3 males 16 and over, 5 females, (c) Abbeville Countyi William Spencer, 1 male 16 and over, 1 male under 16, 1 female, (d) Newbury Countyi William Spencer, 2 males 16 and over, 3 males under 16, 1 female

54 190 P. Joseph V. Spencer of Charleston. On 1 March 1797 Captain Joseph V. Spencer married Miss Maria Vesey, both of Charleston* (Vol.24, p* 31 ). On 21 July 1812, Mary Emily, daughter of "Joseph Vesey and Mary Spencer", vas baptized in the Parish of St. James, Goose Creek. (Vol. 29, p. 168). On 11 April 1820, Mrs. Julia Maria V. Spencer, vidov of the late Captain Joseph V. Spencer of the Island of Bermuda, married Armand Godefroy, of Bayeux, Dist. of Calvados, Normandy. (Vol. 47, p. 144). On 25 September 1822, Miss Virginia Olivia Spencer, eldest daughter of the late Captain Joseph Spencer, died, leaving her mother, a brother and a sister. (Vol. 50, p. 18). On 1 June 1839, Mary Emily Spencer died in Christ Church Parish, age 27 years, 2 months, 25 days /Ii. e., born 6 March 1812_7. She vas buried on 2 June 1839 in the family burial ground. (Vol. 58, p. 255). Mary Emily's birth date suggests that she vas Joseph V."s daughter, even though the family burial ground vas in Christ Church Parish and ve have nothing else connecting Joseph V. vith that Parish. Perhaps Joseph V. vas somehov descended from the Christ Church Parish Spencers, but the reference to Bermuda and Mary Emily's baptism in St. James, Goose Creek, does not fit that idea very veil, in 1797 and 1798 Joseph V. vas clearly living in Charleston. We have a deed from John Hart, Sheriff of Charleston District, to "Joseph Vesey Spencer of the city of Charleston Merchant", dated 1 October It recited that on 26 March 1798 one William Pritchard had obtained a judgment for $ against Joseph* that the sheriff had levied execution on a Charleston lot belonging to Joseph on the south side of Queen Street, knovn as lot 19) and that Joseph had bought the lot at public sale forfc217,10 s., sterling. The deed accordingly conveyed the lot back to Joseph. The 1810 census index for Charleston county shows a Joseph V. and a J. v* Spencer. Q. John B. Spencer. On 3 June 1809, John B. Spencer married Mary Gaboriel. 190

55 191 (Records of Church of Charleston). (Vol. 33, p. 50). R. Shepherd Spencer. The 1800 census for Edgefield county (carved out of District 96) lists a Shepherd Spencer as head of household. The 1810 census index for Edgefield County shows a Shepherd Speneer. On 15 May 1830, Mrs. Hannah Spencer, consort of Shepard Spencer, died in her 59th year. (Vol. 42, p. 25). ^, ft»a «** i S. K Later ch»rle. 7 SPen«r. V*»»> The files of the South Carolina Historical Society contain a paper on "The Spencer Family" prepared by Sara Hamer Scarborough Morse. It deals with the descendants of a Charles Spencer, born in Connecticut on 31 March 1821 (a son of Elias and Almira Spencer), who came to South Carolina and married Caroline Daderidge Homes. Charles was a descendant of Thomas Spencer, another of the four brothers who emigrated from England to Massachusetts in the early 1630's. Curiously enough, Charles' wife Caroline was the daughter of James S. W. Holmes and Caroline (Rivers) Holmes, who were descendants of the James Island Holmes and Rivers families with whom the James Island Spencers intermarried many years earlier. Charles and Caroline (Holmes) Spencer had a son Clarendon Rivers Spencer (born 16 November 1865, died 14 February 1942), who is buried in the Quaker cemetary at Camden, S. C, along with his wife Jessie Douglas Ancrum (14 November August 1944), daughter of T. J. and M. D. Ancrum, as well as Clarendon Rivers Spencer, Jr., born 3 November 1894, died 5 December XXIII KNOWN, PROBABLE AND POSSIBLE DESCENDANTS OF OLIVER SPENCER THE FIRST From all the foregoing, an attempt has been made to construct a picture of the known, probable and possible South Carolina descendants of Oliver Spencer the first. The results do not necessarily represent all of his South Carolina descendants, and some of the other Spencers mentioned above (as well as possible Spencers of whom we have no record) may belong in the picture. Also, the categories "probable" and "possible" may include people who were not descendants at all, or who are shown in the wrong 191

56 192 generation. Nevertheless, it is believed that the picture produced reflects about as fairly as possible the evidence uncovered to date. The results are shovn on the following fold-out insert identified as page 192-a. The categories are designated by the folloving connecting linest Proven Probable xxxxxxxxxxxxxx Possible... XXIV POSSIBLE ORIGINS OF OLIVER SPENCER THE FIRST A fair amount of vork has been done in an effort to learn something about the origins of Oliver Spencer the first. At the outset, it seems a completely safe assumption that he vas of English descent, because of his surname* and that ve are looking for an Oliver born betveen 1621 and 1655, a more probable time range being betveen 1641 and Likewise, as stated earlier, Oliver almost certainly did not come to South Carolina directly from England, but rather from Barbados or one of the other Caribbean islands,or the Bahamas. He may, however, have gone to that island from Englandi and he may not have stayed there very long before coming to Carolina. A rather exhaustive search has been made of the records in Barbados. They are fairly voluminous, but unfortunately not complete. That search turned up a good many Spencers. One of them named Robert owned land there as early as 20 April 1630, only 3 years after the first settlers arrived. Others shown in English records as scheduled to go therei a John, age 19, and a Peter, age 15, who were to sail on 20 November 1635, and a James, age 25, who was to leave England on 19 December We find a John Spencer in Christ Church Parish, Barbados, as early as Among the many later references to Spencers were males with the given names of John, Arthur, Thomas, Hackett, William, Francis, Joseph, James, Edward, Robert, Henry, Michael, Samuel, Peter, Richard, George, Fretwell and Benjamin. Nowhere, however, does the name Oliver Spen- 192

57 Oliver Spencer Itbetw 1621 & 1655, prob bow d. bow. 6 Jun 1698 A 13 Jan. 1704/5 Oliver Spencer m. Mary? the Second. b. prob. 1671/72 d. between 5 Miy 1712 nd 16 September 1725 Alciaodcr Spencer. The First b. prob ID Carolina, d. Between 1695 & 19 Nov 1725 Daughter Pamhlrr Joieoh Snencer. m. Elizabeth 5r= pcmiwy b. prob " wire. or before. d. alter d. belw. 30 Nov 30 Nov 16 Dec William Speneer b.? bor. 8 Marcb 1720/21 Anthoov Speneer ut! b. prob or before d. between] 19 Nov and 3 March 1749/50 Oliver Spencer tbc Josroh Speocer Third prob b or b or earlier. earlier m. Rebecca m. Sarah Rowicr, bur. S June 1749 Sarah Spencer b. 24 Sept 1709 Bebecca Snencer b.9feb 1711/12 JoscDh S neuter. Jr. John Soenecr Richard Socncer Thomas S nearer. Sr. prob. b or bef. m. (2-*?) Mary (Jerman?), d. ibortjy before 22 Feb. 1741/7. h or prob bef. tn. DoroJhy McGregor b. prob or bet, d. shortly before 17 May 1769 b. prob. after Richard. d. after 11 Jao 1759, poss.br/ort 9 October 1761 Francis Soenecr b. prob after Thomas Sr., m. Mary Rieturth, bar. 10 Jao 1758 Elizabeth Soencer possibly m. Michael Cochran Mary Setnttr. b. 11 AorH d. bcfbnl2jinc 1726 Rrt«c«I.Sn«ittr.hLl2 April 1720, m. Prtrr Royrr. ChUdrcr.: FVtrr, John, Jam, WDfiiim. Hannah Spcnrer. b. 14 Oct. 1724, m. SpeiMer? Or WiUUm Gamer? Marv Spencer, b. 12 Jnitr 1726, bur. MJooe Sarpb Snencgj-. b. 2 Aug. (1716?V> m. John Fvanv Elizabeth SoetJcer.lL 27 Jao 1727/8. (bor. 27 March 17430?) b. 14 Sept d. shortly before 13 Auguit John Speocer. b. 13 July d. between 30 Sept aod 21 Nov Martha Speocer. b. 13 April m. Thomu Wllklni 2Jolyl7S8 Ann Spencer, b. 28 Oct ut W illiam Wrand. d. 18 Nov Susannah Snmcrr. b. 21 Oct 1741 bur. 5 June 1749 William Spencer. Auguit 1746 Oliver Speocer. b. 2 September 1724 Jacob Snencer. b. 4 October 1726, posnwy m. Ann Rodgers (children: ElizabeuXlaaacAoo. William. Rebecca?). Pass, bor. 29 May 1769 William Snencer. p. 19 Nov Prob. D. 23 February Mary Snencer. b. 16 October 1732 Sarah Speocer. b. 31 July 1735, nt William Wourorll h. 3 March Aleaander Spencer. the Second b.? d. shortly berorc 19 Nov Alriandcr Snencer the Third. Possibly nt? King. d. bent 10 Feb and 26 Apr Joaeph Snencer ut Keziah Rivers d. brtw 20 Jun aod II July 1746 William Snencer Possibly m. Elizabeth Ellis William Snencer. the Elder b. no later than 1706, prob earlier at Sarah HID d. between 19 Feb. aod 12 April 1751 John Speneer prob. b. 1723, ut Mary Wall children: William, Tbomaajasrpn. pouiply Jobo. shortly before 9 Mar 1761 Ur. then Sr.l prob b. c ut Elizabeth? Children: prob. William Jr. Possibly Jobo. d. after 10 May 1767 ADD Spencer b or earlier m. Joho Sandiford, Jr. Sarah Spencer b. probably 1733 or earlier. m_ (I") Witter, (2") John Homes Marv (Spencer?! ut(l)jobntay»r (2) Pond (3) Vanderwick d. between lojan 1749/50 and 6Qclober 1752 PavW Taylor m.(l*)jane Baynes (2**) Edith, a son David Richard Pond Solomon Vanderwick Marv Snencer. b. Before 21 Nov 1743, nt Nathaniel McCormack, d. behv. 16 Jao. and J Feb Daughter Mary McCormack b. 4 March 1760, d.alhr II Dec 1773 Martha Speneer b Before 21 Nov 1743, prunamy after Mary ut Peter Dumay, cblldrco by him: Mary-Jane, Joseph, Anne, pins Okgit children alter his death Mercy & Jean. bor.13 April 1774 Thomas Snencer b. before 21 Nov 1743 probably after Martha ut (I*) Susaduab Money (2 imarygrlges d. shortly before II Marcb Joseph Snencer? (by first wife) John Snencer? (by Orsl wife) Richard Sneocer Prob b. before Ocl n31,pri»o\st»rny before 20 Oct 1771 John Snencer Prob b. before 1736 m. SusaDDab, 7 ehunren, d. on or shortly before 4 April IT75lnN.C. f llliam S Prob. b. I n or before 1736, ut Hannah, 4 sons and prob. 4 daughters, d. between 16 Nov In N.C. Joseph Spencer (?1 Io N.C. between 1766 And 1768 John Spencer b or before d. between 11 Feb l7j6/7ands July 1737 Richard Speocer b or before nt Sarah Stiles d. after 27 Sept 1753 Joho Soenecr b. between probably after 2 Feb 1740/41 Catharine Spencer b. prob 1705 or bef. nt Edward Vanvelsen, Children: Charles, William. Francis, Catherine d. after 12 Mar 1747/8

58 cer appear. (See "The Spencers of Barbados", a typescript compiled by the writer, on file with the South Carolina Historical Society. Charleston* S. C. the South Carolina Library. University of South Carolina, Columbia, S. C, and the North Carolina State Library, Raleigh, N. C.) Because of the failure to find Oliver in Barbados, some preliminary vork has been undertaken in England. As a first step, some of the more general indexes have been examined for traces of a 17th century Oliver Spencer. There is, of course, nothing resembling a complete index of 17th century names covering all of England, and the procedure of casting about generally falls far short of a complete search. Nevertheless, as a random sampling it has some statistical significance. The results, perhaps happily for the researcher, indicate that among the hundreds, and probably thousands, of Spencers vho lived in England at the time, there vere surprisingly fev Olivers (only five encountered to date). The only Oliver of real interest discovered thus far lived in the Parish of Enfield, Edmonton Hundred, County of Middlesex, in the mid-1600's. He had tvo brothers named Robert and John (Robert left a viil dated 23 December 1665)i he married Elizabeth Hedger on 27 September 1640, and the Parish Register shovs four children by Elizabeth, daughter Elizabeth baptized 11 March or 11 April 1640/41, daughter Mary S. baptized 23 October 1644, daughter Rachel baptized 14 January 1646/7, and son John baptized 6 November 1650, his vife Elizabeth and probably his daughter Elizabeth died (an Elizabeth Spencer buried on 20 October 1650, and another Elizabeth buried on 26 October 1651), and on 10 July 1653 Oliver seems to have married a Margaret Barnes of the Parish of St. James, Garlickhithe, Middlesex Countyi and on 30 January 1659 William Spencer, son of Oliver and Margaret, vas baptized in Enfield Parish. On 19 December 1680, Oliver's son William vas buried, and on 17 February 1681, Oliver himself vas buried. Oliver apparently did not ovn his home. He vas mentioned as a tenant in September 1651, as paying a Hearth Tax in "Parsonage quarter" in 1665, and as having a landlord in There vere a good many other Spencers in Enfield Parish from the early 1600's through the end of the century, but ve have no dear evidence that Oliver and his brothers 193

59 194 vere related to thero. The one exception is that Oliver might have been related to a William Spencer of Enfield, shopkeeper, vho left a viil dated 24 February 1678/9, and vho had a son named William and brothers named George and Thomas. The most tantalizing tid-bit about the Enfield Spencers is that there vas a Thomas Spencer, vith a son Thomas vho vas buried on 9 August 1667 and a daughter Margaret vho vas buried on 6 December 1673, vho vas identified in those burial records as a blacksmith. The Oliver Spencer of Enfield Parish vas clearly of an age to have been the father or uncle of the Oliver Spencer vho arrived in Carolina in 1671 (or at the latest 1672), but thus far I have been unable to find any record of a younger Oliver in that Parish or in Middlesex County. For further details concerning the Enfield Spencers, see typescript compiled by the vriter entitled "Possible English Origins of Oliver Spencer of South Carolina (Part II)", on file vith the institutions mentioned above. Turning nov to a broader perspective of Oliver's possible identity, ve should devote some time to the Spencers of Bedfordshire, England. They produced tvo families (possibly related) vith members vho emigrated to the colonies at an early date. From one of these families came the four brothers mentioned earlier herein, vho arrived in Massachusetts in the early 1630's, and started a multitudinous line of Spencers (I call them the Nev England Spencers) vho are to be found today in practically all parts of the United States. This family has been traced back vith certainty to a John and Anne Spencer, probably at the higher end of the yeoman class, vho vere living in Edvorth, Bedfordshire as early as January (See The American Genealogist, Vol.'s 27-30). There seems to have been no Oliver in this line in England back to 1556, but the folloving facts are to be notedt (1) The four brothers vho came to Massachusetts vere named William, Thomas, Michael and Gerard (or Jared), and they had brothers, cousins and/or uncles vhose names included John, Francis, Thomas, Anthony and Richard, all names vhich appear later in South Carolina except Michael and Gerard. (2) The name Oliver does not appear very early in the colonies, but an Oliver Spencer vas born in Connecticut on 22 Jan- 194

60 195 uary 1736, who was a brother of Judge Samuel spencer of North Carolina and a half-brother of Calvin Spencer of South Carolina mentioned earlier. Calvin himself called a son Oliver, and an Oliver Spencer from Connecticut was buried in Savannah, Georgia in 1820, age 45 (New England Historical and Genealogical Register, Vol P. 39). (3) Some time between 1571 and 1576, the Spencer family of Edworth moved to Stotfold, Bedfordshire, and, according to our principal source of information about the Bedfordshire Spencers, by 1560 a George Butler from Brantfield, Bedfordshire had moved there also. This source tells us that one of George Butler*s sons, named Edvard, baptized in Stotfold in 1600, later emigrated to Barbados, and one of George's grandsons, born in 1610, later went to the (Vest Indies and died in St. Kitts. one wonders if these adventures by the Butlers might have led some spencer who was kin to the Edworth-Stotfold Spencers to seek his fortune in the West Indies. The other Spencer family in Bedfordshire who contributed an early emigrant to the colonies lived in the Parish of Cople. Bedfordshire. They were landed gentry who can be traced back to a Robert Spencer who left a will dated before 1523 (he had married an Anne Pecke of Cople who had an estate in Southmylls, Bedfordshire, where he was living at the date of his will). The pedigree of the family descended from Robert (I) to John Spencer of Pavenham (II ). who left a will dated 26 January 1528/9, to Thomas Spencer of Cople (III), born c. 1514, to Robert Spencer of Cople (IV), vho married Rose Cokain, to Nicholas Spencer (V), vho left a viil dated 17 February 1625, to Nicholas Spencer (vi), vho left a viil dated 10 April 1643, to William Spencer (VII), born c. 1632, vho had a brother Nicholas born c Nicholas Spencer (VI) was baptized on 15 November 1611j married Mary Gastwicki had 4 sons named William, Nicholas, Robert and Edward, and a daughter Maryi and died in 1643, leaving a will * See "The Spencers of Bedfordshire", published in 1903 by the Rev. John Holding, M. A., then Vicar of Stotfold, Bedfordshire. 195

61 196 dated 10 April 1643, which showed that he had lands in Bedfordshire and Huntingdonshire. Nicholas Spencer the third, son of Nicholas (VI), emigrated to Virginia, apparently in or before 1659, settling in Westmoreland County, in a Parish called Cople, after his birthplace. On 8 July 1666 he married Frances Mottrom (or Mottram), daughter of Col. John Mottrom of Northumberland County, Va. They had 5 sons named William, Mottram, Nicholas (the fourth), John and Francis, and perhaps a daughter Lettice who married a Barnard. The third Nicholas acquired a very substantial amount of land in Westmoreland and Stafford Counties. Part of his holdings came through a joint grant to him and Col. John Washington of 5,000 acres on the Potomac River, between Little Hunting Creek and Ooeg's Creek* (Col. John Washington had a son Laurence Washington, who was George Washington's grandfather.) The third Nicholas was also prominent in Virginia affairs, serving as secretary of the Colony in 1678, 1680 and 1685, and as acting Governor from September 1683 to April He died on 23 September 1689, leaving a will dated 25 April Of the third Nicholas's five sons, William, Mottram and Nicholas went back to England, where their burials are recorded in the Parish records of Cople. As to the other two, John has left us no record yet discovered. Francis evidently married and had a son named William, who married an Elizabeth Magruder, daughter of Samuel and Eleanor (Wade) Magruder of Prince George's County, Maryland. William and Eleanor left records in Truro Parish, Prince William County, Va. They are last heard from in 1744, when they seemed to be living in Virginia or Maryland. A William Spencer, Sr., of Montgomery County, Va., left a will dated 2 February 1789, probated 6 July 1790, and re-probated in September It mentioned a wife (unfortunately without naming her), sons Levi, William and Francis, and a daughter Dolly French. As executors William named Abraham Good and Mathew Cox, both of Montgomery County. He signed in his own writing, witnesses were James Good, George Quesenbury and Jesse Spurlock. We have only the name Francis for one of the sons to suggest that this William may have been one of the Cople family. 196

62 197 I have yet to find any connection in America betveen Nicholas Spencer of Virginia and his descendants, and Oliver Spencer the first of South Carolina and his descendants. Hovever, one point of considerable interest is to be made. The Parish Register of Cople, Bedfordshire shows that Robert Spencer (IV), and his vife Rose Cokain (or Cockayne), had 12 children, of vhom one vas an Oliver Spencer baptized in Cople on 2 May No further record of Oliver appears in the Cople Parish Register, either of marriage, birth of children, or death. Since the Registers at that time, and up until about 1642, vere quite complete, it is a fair guess that Oliver moved elsevhere. Judging from the date of his baptism, he vould probably have been about tvo or three generations ahead of Oliver the first of South Carolina. This by itself of course proves nothing. Nevertheless, the use by the Bedfordshire Spencers of the name Oliver (veil before Oliver Cromwell might have popularized the name in some circles) suggests that further investigation of where the Cople Oliver went might prove fruitful.* Two final points remaini (1) Vicar John Holding, who wrote "The Spencers of Bedfordshire", thought the Spencers of Cople,and the Spencers of Edworth and Stotfold, were related. He failed to prove it, but he might have been right. (2) Vicar Holding also thought that the Bedfordshire Spencers were related to the Spencer nobility of Northamptonshire. He offered no real proof, but pointed out the geographic proximity, and the similarity of the coats-of-arms. On the latter point, we have the following description of the coat of arms used by the third Nicholas Spencer in Virginiai "Arms. Quarterly gold and gules a bend sable, the 2nd ana 3rd quarters fretty gold, on the bend three 'Bedfordshire Parish Registers already examined showing no Olivers Edworth, Stotfold, Cople, Kempston, Bedford (St. Peter, St. John, St. Cuthbert and St. Hary), Goldington, Houghton Conquest, Dunstable, Milton Bryan, Potsgrove, Battlesdon, Mepperskell, Sutton, Cockayne Hatley, Wrestlingworth, Eyeworth, Old Warden, Willington, Elstow, Felmersham, Pavenham, Stevington, Blunham, Mogerhanger, Tempsford and Shillington. The remaining Bedfordshire parishes, plus those of Hertfordshire - particularly St. Albans - might turn up something useful. 197

63 198 fleur-de-lys silver". Crest. Out of a crown gold a griffin's head silver with a collar gold between two fleur-de-lys sable, on the griffin-*s neck a crescent." (New England Historical and Genealogical Register. Vol p. 170). Vicar Holding says that the only difference between the coat-ofarms used by the Bedfordshire Spencers (presumably the Cople family) and the Northamptonshire Spencers was that the Bedfordshire version showed 3 fleur-de-lys where the Northamptonshire * version showed 3 escallops. There are two other facts, one of which at least vas not known to the Vicar, tending to support his opinions (a) The editor of the printed "Bedfordshire Parish Registers" says, in his introduction to the Cople Registers, that the Spencers owned two of the manors there from about 1531, and that the Duchess Of Marlborough purchased them at about the same time as she acquired the Willington and Woodland manors of Cople. The Duchess of Marborough's interest in the Spencer property in Bedfordshire could have come about in part because the Marlborough Spencers (a branch of the Northamptonshire family) were related to the Bedfordshire Spencers, (b) Sir Robert Spencer of Northamptonshire was made Baron of Wormleighton in 1603 by King James I. In 1610 Laurence Washington, an ancestor of George Washington, was forced to sell his family manor of Sulgrave, and, with his brother * A. change in this feature of the coat would not have been the first instance of such a change by the family. See Woodward's " A Treatise on Heraldry British and Foreign", pp "The DESPENCER coat /"said to have stemmed from William the Conqueror's Despencer, Robert_7 wast 'Quarterly, argent and gules a fret or, over all a bend sable'. This coat Sir Hugh Le Despencer, in the reign of Edward II, differences by charging the bend with three mullets argenti for which, in 1476, Henry Spencer substitutes three escallops argent j and this coat is that now used by the Duke of Marlborough and by Earl Spencer". 198

64 199 Robert, "accepted the kindly offer of his friend and kinsman*, Lord Spencer /HBaron of Wormleighton_7, of a refuge at Brington"* (See "Brington, the Home of the Washingtons and Spencers", published by the Dryden Press). As we have seen, Nicholas Spencer of Virginia, a Cople descendant, and Laurence Washington, a descendant of the Brington Washingtons, joined together in Virginia to obtain a land grant. While we lack definite proof, it does seem likely that the Bedfordshire Spencers, at least the Cople branch, were related to the Spencer nobility of Northamptonshire. For further details concerning the Bedfordshire Spencers and the Northamptonshire nobility, see "Possible Origins of Oliver Spencer of South Carolina, Part I," on file at the institutions referred to earlier. * A memorandum supplied to me by a descendant of John Spencer of Rhode Island suggests a possible basis for the word "kinsman". It states that one of Sir Robert Spencer's ancestors named Sir John Spencer, knight, married Catherine, daughter of Thomas Kitson of Hengrave. John Washington is said to have married Catherine's sister, Margaret Kitson, of "County Suff., Kent". 199

65 201 APPENDIX A The Horry Family (Sources not otherwise identified are to be found in the files on the Horry Family maintained by The South Carolina Historical Society.) A complete history of all members of the well-known Horry family of South Carolina is beyond the scope of this Appendix. It will be limited to the earlier generations, and will deal principally with facts useful in understanding the references to the Horry's in the main text and the other attached Apendices. We start with Elias Horry, the progenitor of the family in whom we are interested, who is generally thought to have arrived in Carolina in about (Transactions. No. 32, p. 41). He was apparently the first immigrant bearing the Horry name. Two other Horry's appeared in the Colony in the 1690's - Daniel, who promptly married an Elizabeth Garnier, and Suzanne Varin, a widow whose maiden name was Horry.* Whether they were related to * In April 1692 the ship Loyal Jamaica, often called the "Privateer Vessel", appeared off Charleston, and when its passengers came ashore they were temporarily detained on suspicion of being pirates. They were released under bond in May One of them was Daniel "Hory", whose two sureties were Isaac "Massique"/JMazyck_/ and Peter "Girrard"/Suerard?_7. (Salley, Journal of the General Council, April 11, 1692-September 26, 1692). On 23 August 1692 Daniel Horry took out a marriage bond to marry Elizabeth Garnier, spinster. The sureties were Isaac "Massique" and Peter "la Sail", merchants. (Transactions, No. 32, p. 37). The marriage took place on or shortly after that date. (Revi11, South Carolina Marriage Records, p. 36). The St. Julien list showed Elizabeth, widow of Daniel Horry, daughter of Daniel and Elizabeth (Fanton) Garnier, native of lie de Re, vith daughters Eliza beth Marye, Lidie and Marye, all born in Carolina. The list also included a Suzanne Horry, widow of Jacques Varin, daughter of Samuel and Jeanne (Dubois) Horry, born at Neuchatelle, Switzerland. (i)

66 202 Elias is not known, but they figure no more in our story. Elias was called the Elder in some family accounts, but for clarity I will call him Elias I. He was born in Charenton, France, just outside of Paris, in 1664, the son of Jean and Madelaine (du Frenne) Horry. (St. Julien list, and Transactions, No. 32, p. 41). After the repeal of the Edict of Nantes in 1685, his father, an elder in the Protestant Church in Paris, was thrown into a dungeon and later died there. Elias was spirited out of France to Amsterdam, where he had relatives, and from there went to England. After arriving in Carolina he may have spent some time in St. James, Goose Creek. On 20 July 1695 he witnessed the will of Anthoine Prudhomme of Berkley County, which remembered the French congregation of St. James, Goose Creek (Moore, Vol. I, p. 37)i and on 20 December 1698 Elias bought 80 acres of land (probably in Gosse Creek) from Philip Trouillat, and sold it the same day to Gideon Faucherod. (Vol. 29, p. 189). At some later point, possibly after January 1701 but certainly by October 1704, Elias started acquiring land on the south side of the Santee River in Craven County, some of which became his home plantation, called "Wambaw". The exact location of Wambaw is difficult to pin-point. We know from Archibald Rutledge that it was the next plantation to the east from Daniel Huger's Waterhorne Plantation. Leiding states that Waterhorne was at or near the mouth of Wambaw Creek (which must have been the mouth formed by the west fork), and that Wambaw was across Wambaw Creek, almost opposite Waterhorne. Although the compass directions used by Leiding are somewhat confusing, this probably meant that Wambaw was on the east side of the Creek and Waterhorne on the west. In 1711 Elias owned at least 55 acres bounding south on "Waha" Creek and west on Daniel Huger, Sr. (see below). It seems doubtful, however, that Wambaw fronted on the Santee River. What does seem likely is that a substantial part of Wambav lay south of the eastern fork of Wambaw Creek, and we know some of Elias' land was next to (ii)

67 203 Wambaw Bridge, about 3/4 of a mile southwest from the southwest corner of Hampton (see Figure 5). If part of Wambaw did front on the Santee, it would suggest that Elias was not there before January 1701, when John Lawson came up the river by boat, since the first plantation Lawson came to was Waterhorne, Some of the land Elias acquired south of the Santee he later sold. In addition, he acquired considerable land on the north side of the Santee, in what became Prince George's Parish, including one 750 acre tract which, somewhat surprisingly, he referred to in his will as being "at the back of my plantation". I have encountered several grants, deeds and memorials of title which involve, or refer to, Elias*s real property. They do not present too intelligible or complete a picture of his landholdings, but they are listed below, in chronological order, as a possible aid to other researchers. (1) 10 October Elias Horry and Jacob La potre, a Charles Town merchant, jointly bought 500 acres bounding north on the Santee River from Daniel McGregor the first. However, on 10 October 1708 Elias sold his half interest in this property to Lapotre. (See main text). (2) 1 June Elias vas granted 500 acres in Craven County. (S. C. Archives, Royal Grants, Vol. 39, p. 38). As discussed below, this tract may have been on the north side of the Santee River. (3) 23 July 1711(7). Grant so dated of 55 acres to Elias. Land described as in Craven County, "bounding to the South upon a Creek commonly called Watca Creek to the West part of Mr. Daniel Huger Sen s Land and other part land not yet laid out". (Royal Grants, supra. Vol. 39, p. 140). This was clearly the land covered by a surveyor's certificate dated 14 September 1711, which statedt "By virtue of a warrant- bearing date the 10th of September 1711 I have laid out unto Mr. Elias Horry fifty five Acres of land or thereabouts Scituate in Craven County Bounding to the South upon a Creek commonly called Waha Creek to the West part of Mr. Daniel Huger Sen rs Land and part on land not yet laid out ". (Royal Grants, supra, Vol. 39, p. 473). (4) 10 June Elias granted 500 acres in Craven (iii)

68 204 County "bounding to the West on Michel Clinch, to the East on Daniel Horry ". (Royal Grants, supra. Vol. 39, p. 232). The Clinch land referred to may have bounded to the west on the tract mortgaged by Joseph Spencer, Jr. and Augustus Laurens to Richard Edghill on 25 February That tract bounded "Northerly on Wambav Creek, Easterly on the lands of Michael Clinch, Southerly on the lands of Elias Horry and Westerly on the lands" of Richard Edghill. (See main text). The fact that the 1718 grant to Elias Horry bounded east on Daniel Horry (Ellas's son) is a little surprising. Daniel could hardly have been more than 13 years old at the time (see below). Perhaps Elias, or more likely Daniel's grandfather Daniel Huger, had placed land in his name when he was a child. (5) 9-10 December Elias bought two 500-aere tracts on the north side of the Santee River from "John Bell Sen r of Craven County Planter, and Priscilla his wife". (Deed available, and see memorial by Elias of 24 March 1732, S. C. Archives, Memorials of Title, Vol. 5, p. 242} conveyance from Elias Horry II to his son James Horry dated 8-9 January 1771). (6) 1 March Thomas and Mary Smith sold Elias two 500-acre tracts in Craven County for fc60. Both adjoined other land of Elias, and one was next to Wambaw Bridge. (See sketch with deed). (7) 10 September Elias owned 555 acres (one 500- acre tract and one 55-acre tract) bounding to north and east on Wambaw Creek, to the south on Murphy's Creek, and to the west and northwest on land of Elias and Michael Clinch. (See conveyance September 1730 from Elias to son Daniel Horry). (8) 16 August Warrant to Richard Spencer (Joseph, sr.'s son) for land bounding west on Wambaw "River", south on Elias Horry's land, north on brother Francis Spencer's land, and east on lands not laid out. This presents something of a puzzle in view of conveyance from Daniel Huger to Daniel Horry discussed below indicating that Daniel Huger had been granted land "bounding Northward on lands belonging to Richard and Francis Spencer". In any event, by July 1751, well after Elias's death, his land to the south of Richard Spencer was owned by the heirs and representatives of Martin Glaze Brook. (See main text). (iv)

69 So much for Elias's land transactions and the location of his home plantation. As an interesting sidelight, the plantation vas involved in one of the fev Revolutionary War battles in vhich the forces of Francis Marion, the "Swamp Fox", got the vorst of it. Wallace states that on 24 and 25 February 1782 Marion's entire brigade vas dispersed, vith serious losses, "at Wambav and Tidyman's Plantation". (Wallace, Vol II, p. 300). Marion himself was not present at the time, since he had been requested to attend a political convention at Jacksonboro. His troops were commanded by Col. Peter Horry (Elias's grandson) and Col. Hezekiah Maham, between whom there was said to have been some rivalry which contributed to the defeat. Getting back to Elias's earlier days, on 17 August 1704 he married Margaret Huger, Daniel Huger's daughter. She had been born at LaRochelle, France on 21 February Elias and Margaret Horry had the following children (exact order of birth not certain in some cases)i (1) Daniel Huger Horry, the oldest son. (2) Elias Horry, born 24 December (Vol. 12, p. 153). Sometimes called Col. Elias Horry, and, after his son Elias grew up, Elias Horry, Sr. He will be called Elias II in this Appendix. (3) Peter Horry. (4) John Horry. (5) Margaret Henrietta Horry. Married Anthony Bonneau, Jr. (6) Magdeline Horry. Married Paul Trapier, of George Town. We have a number of other records concerning Elias Horry Ii (1) At some time before 29 January 1705/6 a grant of 370 acres was made to the residents of "Jamestown District", in French Santee, for the purpose of building a town. On that date it was decided to set aside only 141 acres of the grant for that purpose, and to sell the remaining 229 acres. "Elia" Horry was appointed as one of 3 Commissioners to sell the land, and in that capacity signed a deed of the land to "Sieur Jean Gaiilard". (Vol. (v) 205

70 206 9, pp. 220 et seq.i see plat). (2) Oh 12 December 1713, Michael Mahan conveyed his share of the "Cypress Barony", some 3,415 acres at the head of the eastern branch of the Cooper River, to Daniel Huger. The witnesses, all of St. James, Santee, included Elias Horry and Isaac Porcher. (Vol. 12, p. 7). (3) On 22 February 1729/30, Elias Horry was named to a panel of 5 appraisers of the estate of Joseph Spencer, Sr. of St. James, Santee. (S. C. Archives, Willis, Inventories and Misc. Records ). Elias was one of 3 appraisers who submitted their report on 20 April (Misc. Records). (4) On 20 August an Act was passed authorizing the building of two chapels in the Parish of St. James. Santee. One was to be built in the lower part of the Parish "at the dividing line of the Paths that lead to Mr. Jerman's and santee Savannah, usually called Mr. Horry's Savannah". Jonah Collins. Daniel McGregor and Elias Horry were appointed Commissioners to build the chapel. (Dalcho). (5) For some part of his life. Elias I served as coroner for Craven COunty. (Rogers, The History of Georgetown County). Elias Horry I died of yellow fever in September A death notice in the South Carolina Gazette of 25 September 1736 reported that he was 72 years of age, one of "the oldest settlers in the Province", and spoke of "his merits and Services to the Country". (Salley, Death Notices in the South Carolina Gazette , pp ). Elias was buried in the French church yard in Charles Town. Elias left a will dated 19 September 1736, probated 29 September It provided in substance as followst (1) All my real estate (except 750 acres hereinafter devised) to my executors to sell the same to such one or more of my children as shall bid highest for the same, but to no one else. The proceeds of such sale of real estate to be divided in equal portions among my children, to wit, Daniel, Elias, John and Peter, and my daughters Margaret Henrietta and Magdalen. (2) All my personal estate, after paying debts, to be divided among my 6 children in equal portions. (vi)

71 207 (3) A tract of 750 acres of land "at the back of my plantation" to sons Oaniel and Elias in trust to sell it to the highest bidder, and apply the proceeds toward the erection and perpetual endowment of a Charity School in Prince George's Parish, sons Daniel and Elias to be Trustees of the said charity. (4) Whereas during my lifetime son Daniel has received from me 800 pounds current money of the Province, Elias 1300 pounds, John 200 pounds and Peter 400 pounds, and my daughter Margarett Henrietta Bonneau 750 pounds, those 5 children are to refund the same, or allow for those amounts when receiving their respective shares, so that all my children share equally in my estate without preference. As executors, Elias appointed Daniel Huger, and his own sons Daniel and Elias, giving to Daniel Huger, "as a mark of my regard and esteem for him" the sum of 50 pounds for a mourning suit and mourning ring. Witnesses were Paul Charron, Elizabeth Varnor /'signed by mark./ and Maurice Lewis. It seems evident that Elias's wife Margaret had predeceased him. Pursuant to the provisions of Elias's will, the following sales of his real estate were made. (1) On 1 (or 10) December 1737, Daniel Horry of St. James, Santee, planter, and Elias Horry of Prince George, Esq., executors and trustees of Elias I, sold to John Horry of Prince George, planter /"their brotherj 7, for L360, the 750 acres Elias had left in trust for the Prince George charity school. The land was described as "bounding Northwesterly on Land of Mr. Will/Tam_7 Lewis Northeasterly on Land laid out for John Delessline and Southwesterly on Lands /jmr. T?_7 Gaiilard and the said Elias Horry", and as being in Prince George's Parish. (2). On 8-9 May, 1739, "Daniel Huger of Berkley County Esq. & Messr s Daniel & Elias Horry of Craven County Planters Executors of the Last Will & Testament of Elias Horry Sen r Esq." sold to Anthony Bonneau Jun r of Berkley County. Planter /husband of Elias I's daughter Margaret Henrietta^, for B500 current money of the Province, 500 acres of land in Craven County. This tract was the 500 acres granted to Elias I on 1 June 1709 (he had paid h 10 ( vii)

72 208 for the grant, plus committing for the ground rent), and was described as "bounding to the North and West on the said Daniel Horrys Land to the South part on Capt John Vanderhorsts Land and part on Vacant Land". Witnesses were John Gendron, John Hentie and Francis Roche. Because of the description, it seems probable, although not certain, that this land was in Prince George's Parish, since I do not know of any combination of land of Elias I, Elias II, Daniel and John Vanderhorst in St. James Santee that would fit. (3) On 1-2 June 1739, "Daniel Huger of St. Johns Parish in Berkley County Esq. and Daniel Horry of the Parish of St. James Santee- Planter Executors of the last Will and Testament of Elias Horry Senior" sold to Elias Horry of Prince Georges Parish son of the said Elias Horry Senior, for M750 lawful money of the Province, 500 acres "on the North side of Santee River in Craven County bounding to the Northeast on lands of the said Elias Horry to the South East on Lands of John Horry to the South Westward on Wadbaccan Creek and to the Westward and Northwestward on Lands of Tacitus Gaiilard". Witnesses were Edward Gough and Neale Gough. The accompanying sketch showed Wadbaccan Creek running southeasterly at the southern end of the tract, and wild Horse Creek entering (or leaving) Wadbaccan Creek from the south at a point across Wadbaccan Creek and a little west of the tract's eastern line. This land was pretty clearly part of the property Elias bought from JOhn Bell, Sr. in December (4) Also on 1-2 June 1739, "Daniel Huger of St. Johns Parish in Berkley County- Esq. and Daniel Horry and Elias Horry - Planters Executors of the Last Will and Testament of Elias Horry Sen r " sold to John Horry of Prince George Parish, Planter, for I»1375 lawful money of the Province, 500 acres "on the North Side of Santee River in Craven County bounding to the South partly on Wadbacan Creek and part on Santee River to the East on Mr. /~Summerfields_7 and to the West on land of the said Elias Horry". Witnesses were Edward Gough and Neale Gough. The accompanying sketch showed Wadbacan Creek flowing across the southern end of the property more or less eastward, and joining the Santee coming in f rom a little to the south of it, the junction point being about half way across the south end of the property. This land may also (viii)

73 209 have been part of the land Elias I bought from John Bell, Sr. If so, it wound up years later in the ownership Of Elias II (see below). There seem to be no records at this time of the sale of Elias's home plantation, and it is stated in Leiding, Historic Houses of South Carolina, that the property stayed in the family for a considerable number of years, presumably by family agreement. We may now summarize some of the records relating to the four sons of Elias llorry I, i. e., the second generation, after which some facts concerning the third generation will be briefly reviewed. A. Daniel Huger Horry. The Second Generation Elias's oldest son Daniel was presumably born between 1705 and 1707, since his father and mother were married on 17 August 1704, and his brother Elias was born on 24 December 1707 (see below). He was to marry, possibly twice, have one child, a son named Daniel Huger Horry, Jr., and die on 11 September Before taking up other matters, it may be useful to review what we know about his family life. According to information in the files of the South Carolina Historical Society, Daniel married a Sara Batteson, and, as will appear below, he had a wife named Sarah when he executed his will on 29 April However, on 20 December 1743 (viii-a)

74 App. A Daniel took out a marriage bond to marry Sarah Ford. (Vol. 19, p. 96). The reason to think that Daniel married twice (two Sarah's) is that his son Daniel would seem to have been born before the fall of and hence to have been the son of a wife preceding Sarah Ford. We know the younger Daniel was born after 29 April 1737 (he was under 21 on 29 April 1758 when his father made his will), but we have the following facts suggesting that he was born before the fail off (1) On 16 December 1755 both the older and younger Janiel's were godfathers at a baptism at St. Phillip's Church in Charles Town. (Vol. 22, p. 29). If the younger Daniel had been born in September 1744, he would have been only 11 years old at this time. (Incidentally, Ann Royer, widow, was proxy for Mrs. Sarah Horry, evidently the older Daniel's wife, at this ceremony.) (2) The younger Daniel was married for the first time on 9 December If he had been born in September 1744 he would have been only 15 at this time. We have the following additional records concerning Daniel Horry the elder. (1) tie vas named as an executor of the will of Susannah Mayrant of St. James, Santee, the widow of James Nicholas Mayrant. The will was dated 16 September 1735 and probated 4 August (Moore, Vol. I, p. 228). Other executors were Daniel's brother Elias Horry II, and Isaac Mazyck. Ralph Jerman was a witness to the will. (2) On 11 March 1737/~8?_7 an Act was passed authorizing construction of a causeway over a Santee liiver island as part of a travel route betveen Charles Town and George Town. Janiel was named as one of the Commissioners to handle the project, along with Isaac Mazyck and William Buchanan. (Roberts, The History of Georgetown County, p. 43). (3) Daniel was named as executor of the will of (viii-b)

75 211 James Belin dated 2 February 1744/5, probated 19 May The other executors were William Buchanan and James Belin, Jr. (4) Daniel was named sole executor of the will of Ralph Jermand dated 29 December (5) On 28 October 1750, James Belin /IJr._7 and Mary Jermain" /[Ralph Jerman's daughter,/ were married in Santee at the house of Capt. Daniel Horry. (Vol. 20, p. 70). (6) Capt. Daniel Horry was one of the executors of the will of Sarah Aliston of St. James. Santee. widow /"first husband was James Belin, Sr.J? dated 12 March 1753 (Moore, Vol. II, p. 41). (7) On 19 July 1759 Daniel Horry, Sr. witnessed the wedding of the Rev. Warren, Pastor of St, James, Santee, and Elizabeth Perdrau. (Vol. 15, p. 135). (8) Young Daniel was married at the house of "Daniel Horry, Esq.". his father, on 9 December 1759 (Vol. 15, p. 136). Exactly where in St. James, Santee the older Daniel lived is not clear. We do know that by 16 July 1737 he owned or was in possession of land on the Santee River immediately to the west of the westernmost Spencer property. This included land on the south bank of the river, and the western end of the island. (See deed of that date from John Spencer to Anthony Bonneau, Jr.) At least part of that mainland tract came from a grant dated 18 May 1734 covering 35 acres "bounding easterly on land of John Spencer and all other sides on Santee River Wambaw and Wahaw Creek". (S. C. Archives, Royal Grants, Vol. 1, p. 223). This description suggests a strip of land running from the fork of Wambaw Creek north up the western fork to be river. In any event, Daniel's land to the west of the Spencers eventually descended to young Daniel and became part of Hampton. (viii-c)

76 212 App. A On June 1744 the older Daniel bought from Anthony Bonneau, Jr. the 600 acres of Spencer land ovned originally by Joseph Spencer, Sr., and sold by Joseph's son John Spencer to Anthony Bonneau. This land, too, became young Daniel's and a part of Hampton. Without researching thoroughly, I have run across a number of additional land acquisitions by Daniel the elder. Some of them may have become part of Hampton, and others obviously did not, but none seems to have adjoined John Spencer's land. In chronological order they are. (1) September For 10 shillings and love and affection, Elias I conveyed to his son Daniel 555 acres in Craven County, bounding to the North and East on Wambav CreeK, to the South on Murpheys CreeK and to the West and Northvest on lands belonging to the said Elias Horry and Michael Clinch. (2) Also September For 10 shillings and love and affection, Daniel Huger of St. Johns /&erkely_/ conveyed to Daniel Horry 200 acres in Craven County bounding to the north on wambav CreeK, to the South on Michael Clinch's CreeK. (3) 18 May (Same day Daniel received grant of 35 acres discussed above bounding east on John Spencer). Daniel granted 665 acres in Craven County,, "bounding easterly on lands not yet laid out and on all other sides on both Branches of the Santee River". (S. C. Archives. Royal Grants, Vol. 1, p. 221). This could have been on Forke Island. Susannah Mayrant's will, dated 16 September 1735, disposed of land on Forke Island in the Santee River bounding vest on Daniel Horry. (Moore, Vol. I, p. 228). (4) 7 August Daniel granted 55 acres in Prince George's Parish, on the northeast side of Santee River, bounding to the eastvard on "Whatbacand" Creek, to the southeast on Santee River, and to the southwest on Wild Horse Creek. (See description of Elias II's land, p. (viii) above). (5) July Daniel Huger of BerKely County conveyed 1,000 acres in St. James, Santee to Daniel Horry for fc5. This land had been granted to Daniel Huger at some prior date. It vas described as "bounding to the Northvard on lands belonging to Richard and Francis Spencer to the Eastvard on Lands of Daniel and (viii-d)

77 App. A Elias Horry to the West and Northvest on Mr. Paul Mazycks Land & Wambav Creek to the South and Southwest on Vacant Land -and on Land laid out to Elias Horry Esqr". This description is puzzling in two respects. The only land known to have been ovned by Richard and Francis Spencer consisted of a 150-acre tract owned by Richard bounding west on Wambaw Creek, north on Francis, and south on Elias Horryi and a 150-acre tract owned by Francis bounding west on Wambaw Creek and south on Richard. These two tracts were described in surveyor's certificates dated 20 September and again in the ensuing grants dated 8 November (See main text). How, then, could Daniel Huger's grant have bounded "Northward" on Richard's tract, or on both tracts? Either Richard and Francis Spencer owned other land of which we have no other record (seems doubtful)} or (a) there was some mistake between Daniel Huger's grant and Elias Horry's land to the "south" of Richard, and (b) the draftsman of Daniel Huger's deed to Daniel Horry lumped the tracts of Richard and Francis Spencer together in his mind. (6) 3 February 1737 fjbj7» Daniel Horry granted 300 acres in Craven County bounding southward on "Little Pee Dee River and the Lake", and on all other sides on vacant land. (S. C. Archives, Royal Grants, Vol. 3, p. 159). (7) February 1748/~9?_7«Daniel Horry bought 3 tracts from John Gendron for bl.ooot (a) 500 acres in St. James, Santee bounding north on Wambav Creek and east on the next tracts (b) 250 acres bounding north on Wambaw Creek, west on the first tract, and east on Daniel Horryi (c) 182 acres bounding south on Wambaw Creek and north and west on Daniel Horry.Tracts (a) and (b) had been granted to Michael Clinch on 29 March 1715 /Il6?_7. (8) February 1749 >C50?_7. Daniel Horry bought Lot No. 29 in George Town (k acre on Front St.) for fal.005. (9) April Daniel Horry bought 700 acres on north side of Cape "Roman" in Craven County from Ann Smith, Charles Faucherau(x) (d), and Sarah Hill, all of Berkeley County,for Z>300. As stated earlier, Daniel Horry the elder died on 11 September 1763, according to a newspaper account "at Winyah". (Salley, Death Notices , p. 31). Presumably he was at his town house in Georgetown. (ix)

78 App. A Daniel left a will dated 29 April 1753, probated 3 February 1764, mentioning his wife Sarah, his brother John* 3 sons, Peter, Hugh and Jonah, and leaving his residuary estate to his son Daniel, then under 21. (Moore, Vol. Ill,p.38). B. Elias Horry I I. Elias I I, known in his later years as Elias, Sr. and Colonel Elias, was born on 24 December 1707 and died on 18 December'1783, in his 76th year. A tombstone to the memory of Col. Elias Horry was erected in the Wambaw Church graveyard in French Santee. (Vol. 12, p. 153). Mr. Koberts tells us that Elias I I married a Lynch (History of Georgetown County, pp ). They had several children, the following having been definitely identified: (1) -lias Horry, Jr. /~Elias III_7, born in 1744 (Vol. 27, p. 9»Mr. Roberts says 1753). (2) -Thomas Horry, born in (3) James Horry. (See deed from Elias Horry, Sr., of St. James, Santee, to his son James Horry of Prince George, planter, dated 8 January 1771.conveying 3 adjoining tracts on the north side of Santee River totalling 1100 acres,*and a 4th tract on the north side of the North Branch of Santee River containing 222 acres). Elias I I may have had an older son named Richard Horry. On 11 October 1755 a Richard Horry was granted 300acres northeast of the 3road River, probably in the general vicinity of Winnsboro. 0n.;23-24 July 1768 "Richard Horry and Rebeckah Horry his wife of the County of Craven" conveyed the 300 acres to John Winn of Craven County, describing i t as being on "the North East side of Broad river on a branch thereof called Jack son's Creek". James Horry was a witness, somewhat surprisingly Richard, Rebeckah and James Horry signed by mark. Nevertheless James might have been Elias I I 's son, and Richard a brother, since i t is difficult to account for Richard otherwise. Some of this land was pretty clearly land which Elias I had bought from John Bell, Sr., on 9-10 December 1720 (see p. (iv) above). (x)

79 App. A We also have the following records concerning Elias Hi (1) He was an executor of the will of Susannah Mayrant, dated 16 September 1735, as was his brother Daniel as noted above. (2) On 10 August 1744, he vas bondsman on a marriage bond for Aiiard Belin, who was to marry Margaret Robert (Vol. 19, p. 164). (3) He was a Justice of the Peace for Craven County in 1737(Vol. 11, p. 189), and in 1756(Vol. 20, p. 74). (4) He was named a Commissioner to build a new Church in Georgetown in 1737 (Dalcho). (5) On 13 April 1747, "Major" Elias Horry, along with Isaac Mazyick, Esq., Brigadier John Gendron, Capt. Paul Trapier/~husband of Elias's sister Magdeline_7, and Mr. Jphn Hentie were appointed by the Chancery Court to divide the residue of the personal estate of Noah Serre, within the terms of Noah's will. On 24 March 1748, he was appointed to a similar group, along with John Gendron and John Hentie, Esq's, Mr. Ralph "Jermain", Paul Bruneau and Alexander Chovin, to divide a share of Noah's personal property that had fallen in because the legatee had died intestate without issue. (Chancery Court Records, pp , 422-3). (6)He was an executor of the will of Daniel Huger, Jr. dated 16 November 1754, probated 7 January 1756 (Vol. 15, p. 94). (7) on 25 March 1756 he bought 1,333-3/4 acres of land 6 or 7 miles east of Georgetown from one of the Smith descendants (this was part of the "Winyah Barony" later called "Smith's Barony"), and he added another 346 acres later. (Vol. 13, p.p. 3-12). (xi)

80 216 App. A (8) On 5 July 1759 he vitnessed the vedding of his brother John Horry, of Prince George Parish, vidover, and Ann Royer, widow (Vol. 15, p. 135). This was probably the Ann Royer who had been a proxy for Daniel the Elder's wife Sarah at the christening in Charlestown in (9) On 30 January 1765 Elias I I, along with Theodore Gaiilard the Elder, Edward "Jermyn", John Mayrant and Daniel Horry/jJr._7, were appointed to inquire of the lunacy of Peter Robert. (Chancery Court Records, p. 549). (10) Elias I I was an executor of the will of John Mayrant /presumably the son of Susannah Mayfant_7dated 26 May (Vol. 12, p. 32). (11) He vas one of the Commissioners appointed to receive subscriptions for a new parish church near Wambaw Bridge (called Wambaw Church) on 12 April (Dalcho). C. Peter Horry. Elias I's son Peter married a lady named Mary, but apparently had no children who survived him. Peter died at a fairly early age leaving a will dated 20 May 1738, probated 3Q March 1739/~40?_7. It described Peter as a merchant of Charlesi Town, mentioned his vife Mary, and a niece, Maty Bonneau, a daughter of Peter's sister Margaret Henrietta, vho had married Anthony Bonneau, Jr. The executors included Daniel Huger and Jacob Motte. (Moore, Vol. I, p. 274). D. John Horrv. Elias I's son John married first Martha Robert. She died before 5 July 1759, for on that date JOhn married Ann Royer, widow, in the Parish of St. James, Santee. (Vol. 15, p. 135). Ann could have been the widow of John Royer of Christ Church Parish, keeper of the Wando River ferry (Vol. 20, p. 57), who left a will dated 7 November 1753(Moore, Vol. 11, p. 169). If so, her maiden name was Proctor. Ann was buried in St James,-Santee on 23 January 1766 (Vol. 15, p. 135). John had 3 sons, Peter, Hugh and Jonah (see will of his brother Daniel above) Peter and Hugh, and possibly. Jonah* were sons ef his first wife Martha. (xii)

81 App. A Apart from the facts about John on pp.(vii)-(viii), ve knov thati (1) in 1736 and 1737 he was a Deputy surveyor in St. James, Santee (see S. C. Archives, Colonial Plats, Vol. 3, p.33) j (2) in 1762 he vas granted 475 acres in Prince George*s Parish adjoining his brother Elias's Smith property (Vol. 38, p. 149)i and (3) he died on 10 April 1770 (Vol. 38, pp ). The Third Generation A. Daniel the Elder's son Daniel. Our records directly concerning the younger Daniel Horry start vith his marriage to Judith Ser re on 9 December The vedding vas held at his father's house in St. James, Santee, and Elias Horry, either his uncle or his cousin, vas a vitness. (Vol. 15, p. 136). Judith brought vith her a dowry "of near 5,000 sterling", including Hampton Plantation, given to her by her father Noah Serre. (Stoneyi and see Vol. 43, pp. 1 et seq.). The first Noah Serre in Carolina was listed in the Petit- Guerard group, and was on the St. Julien list. Judith's father was probably his son (possibly his grandson). As indicated earlier, "Hampton" was the next plantation to the east from Elias I's "Wambaw". Its beginnings probably stemmed from one or more of the following warrants and grants to a Noah Serre in Craven Countyt (1) warrants for 500 acres dated 27 August 1701, and for 200 acres dated 21 December 1703i(2) 2- grants dated 15 September 1705 for 200 acres each, bounding north oh the Santee, one on the east and the other on the west of land owned by Noah, and otherwise bounded by lands not laid out. (Salley, Warrants , p. 184} Royal Grants, supra, Vol. 38, p. 527). A Noah Serre made his will in 1726 "at my house at Santee" (Hirsch, p. 20)i and Judith had a book inscribed by her "Hampton 1730" (Archibald Rutledge). To the lands that came with Judith's Hampton, young Daniel added the land to the west of John Spencer owned by the older Daniel on 16 July 1737, plus the 600 acres of Spencer land bought by the older Daniel from Anthony Bonneau in 1744 (see above). Finally, the younger Daniel acquired the 350 acres once held by Ralph Jerman, just to the east of the Spencer property, rounding * A Noah Serre also received 5 grants dated 9 October 1717 totaling 2000 acres which seemed to be on the north side of the Santee River (Royal Grants, Vol. 39, pp ). (xiii) 2/7

82 218 App. A out Hampton to what was said to be a total of 2,000 acres. This acquisition came about as follows. (1) Ralph Jerman had willed the 350 acres (250 on the mainland and 100 on the island opposite) to his daughter Mary. She later married James Belin, and after his death sold the land to James Anderson, who thereafter died and willed it, along with other land, to his daughter Jane Anderson. Jane married James Bell, and then died, as did their issue, leaving James Bell with a life estate in the property as "tenant by the Curtesy of England". On 13 April 1769, for M750 current money of the Province, James sold his interest in the following tracts to Daniel Horry the youngeri (a) The Ralph Jerman property. This was now described as (i) "Part of an Island Containing about one hundred and thirty acres of Land more or less on Santee River- Bounding to the Southward on, Wahaw Creek adjoining Lands of the said Daniel Horry" /apparently Ralph Jerman*s original 100 acres had grown by accretion, or his acreage had been corrected by a resurvey_/» and (ii) "two hundred and fifty acres of Land Bounding to the Northward on Wahaw Creek to the Eastward on Lands of Isaac Mazyck Esq./"the 500 acres Isaac had bought from Joseph Spencer, Jr._/ and to the Westward on lands of the said Daniel Horry". (b) "two other tracts of Land or Plantations Containing two hundred and fifty acres each formerly belonging to one Richard Edgell and which afterwards by Virtue of divers Mesne Conveyances became vested in the said James Anderson on Wambaw CreeK and adjoining Lands of the said Daniel Horry and Archibald McClellan". /"part or all of these two tracts could have been near the 500 acres granted to Elias I in 1718 (see p. (iv) above) and the 150 acres on WambaW Creek which belonged to Richard Spencer, son of Joseph Spencer, Sr. (see discussion under Richard Spencer and Thomas Spencer in Sections XIV and XVI in main text)_/. witnesses to the conveyance from James Bell to Daniel Horry were Thomas Horry and Thomas A damson. (2) The foregoing sale of James Bell's life estate left two outstanding interests in the Ralph Jerman Propertyt James Anderson had provided in his will that his widow Mary (spencer) (Fitch) Anderson could continue to live on the plantation during her lifetime} and because of Jane (Anderson) Bell's death the (xiv)

83 App. A 219 remainder interest in the property, after James Bell's life tenancy, had passed to Jane's sister, Sarah (Anderson) Woodberry, by intestacy. Accordingly, Daniel Horry the younger made the two following additional purchases! (a) On 19 November, 1772, forfcloo lawful money of the Province, Mary Anderson, "Widow, Relict and Devise of James Anderson late of the parish of St. James Santee", remised, released and forever quit-claimed to Daniel Horry all her interest in the Ralph Jerman property. The property vas described as "that plantation on santee aforesaid whereon the said James Anderson in his Life time lived And on which or out of which he willed & Desired The said Mary Anderson should be Maintained". Mary signed in her own writing. The witnesses were John Woodberry (her daughter Sarah's husband) and John Collins (probably the unidentified John Collins whose son Isaac was born in St. James, Santee in 1764, see Appendix C, p. (ix)). (b) On November 1772, John Woodberry "of Charles Town Merchant and Sarah his Whife late Sarah Anderson", for the startling sum of &8.000 lawful money of the Province, conveyed to Daniel Horry "of Santee" two tracts of land. One was described as "Containing two Hundred and fifty acres in the Parish of St. James santee bounding to the Northward on Walsaw Creek to the Southward On Land now or late Vacant To the Eastward on Lands of Paul Mazyck And to the Westward on Lands of the said Daniel Horry". The other tract contained "One hundred Acres & upwards but be the same more or less on an Island in Santee River Opposite to the /first_7 tract bounding to the Northward on the South Brance of Santee River To the Southward on the Walsaw Creek Aforesaid To the Eastward partly on the said Branch of santee River and partly on Walsaw Creek aforesaid And to the Westward on Lands of the said Daniel Horry". The chain of title from Mary Belin was then traced. John and Sarah Woodberry signed in their own writing. The witneses were Philip Henry and John Bradwell. So much for the history of the land making up Hampton Plantation. Daniel Horry made several additions to the plantation house, which became one of the most admired examples of colonial architecture in South Carolina. It is described in some detail in (xiv-a)