DOWNLOAD PDF WILLIAM HENRY HARRISON, 9TH PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES

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1 Chapter 1 : Biography of President William Henry Harrison for Kids William Henry Harrison Sr. (February 9, - April 4, ) was an American military officer, politician, and the ninth President of the United States. He died of pneumonia thirty-one days into his term, thereby serving the shortest tenure in United States presidential history. Early life[ change change source ] Harrison was born on February 9, He was the last president to be born as a British citizen before the American Independence. His father was a planter and a delegate to the Continental Congress â who signed the Declaration of Independence. He was Governor of Virginia between and In, he attended the Presbyterian Hampden-Sydney College. He attended the school until Harrison was fluent in Latin and French. Marriage and family[ change change source ] In, he met Anna Symmes. They had 10 children. As President[ change change source ] He took the oath of office in March 4, which was a cold and wet day. His inaugural address was the longest in American history. Harrison promised to reestablish the Bank of the United States and extend its maximum amount for credit by issuing paper currency see Henry Clay. Illness and death[ change change source ] On March 26,, Harrison became ill with a cold. His illness was believed to have been caused by the bad weather in the inauguration. His very busy social schedule made it harder for time to rest. But the treatments only made Harrison worse, and he became restless. Harrison died on his 32nd day as president on April 4, at He served the shortest term of any president from March 4, to April 4,, 30 days, 12 hours, and 30 mintues. He was the first president of the United States to die in office. He was later buried in North Bend, Ohio. Retrieved 31 January Page 1

2 Chapter 2 : President Harrison dies after one month in office - HISTORY This was the annual Presidential salary set at the First United States Congress during President George Washington's first term as the first U.S. President. His son John Scott Harrison was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives, representing Ohio and serving from to He died in Washington D. He was the first president to die in office. Anna Tuthill Symmes Harrison Children: What is William Henry Harrison most known for? He is most known for being the first president to die in office as well as for serving the shortest term of any president. He was only president for one month before he died. He had six brothers and sisters. His father was also governor of Virginia for a time. William attended various schools and was studying to become a doctor when his father died. After his father died, William ran out of funds and decided to join the army. His first position was as the Secretary of the Northwest Territory. Here he worked on the Harrison Land Act which helped people to buy land in smaller tracts. This helped the average person to buy land in the Northwest Territory and helped to further the expansion of the United States. His job was to help settlers move into the new lands and then protect them from the Native Americans. A Shawnee chief named Tecumseh tried to unite the tribes against the Americans. He said they had no right to take over their lands regardless of whether certain tribes sold land to the U. After a long battle, the Native Americans retreated and Harrison burnt their town to the ground. Harrison became famous for his victory over the Native Americans at Tippecanoe. He even gained the nickname Tippecanoe and was considered a war hero. It was partially his fame gained from this battle that helped him to be elected to president. The War of When war broke out with the British in the War of, Harrison became a general in the army. He led his troops to one of the major victories in the war at the Battle of the Thames. Political Career After the war ended, Harrison took up a life in politics. He served as a member of the House of Representatives, as a U. Senator, and as the U. Harrison ran for president in, but did not win. He was part of the Whig party at the time and they had several candidates run for office in an effort to try and beat then Vice President Martin Van Buren. In, the Whig party chose Harrison as their only candidate for president. Since the public largely blamed President Van Buren for the panic of and the bad economy, Harrison was able to win. This is the shortest time anyone has been president. He gave a long well over an hour! He caught a bad cold which turned into pneumonia. He never recovered and died a month later. As a result, William and Anna eloped and got married in secret. The plantation that Harrison lived on during childhood was attacked during the Revolutionary War. The great Indian leader Tecumseh was killed at the Battle of the Thames. Activities Take a ten question quiz about this page. Listen to a recorded reading of this page: Your browser does not support the audio element. Page 2

3 Chapter 3 : William Henry Harrison Biography, Presidency, & Facts theinnatdunvilla.com William Henry Harrison, an American military officer and politician, was the ninth President of the United States (), the oldest President to be elected at the time. Visit Website Harrison fought against Indian forces in various territorial conflicts, including the Battle of Fallen Timbers in, which was won by the U. The couple had 10 children, six of whom died before Harrison became president. Their son John Scott Harrison would grow up to become a U. In, Congress created the Indiana Territory from part of the Northwest Territory, and Harrison became governor of the new territory. In this position, he negotiated treaties with American Indian tribes in which they agreed to hand over millions of acres of land. Not all tribes were happy with these treaties, however, and Harrison subsequently called in U. He was made a brigadier general and placed in charge of the Army of the Northwest. Harrison scored a decisive victory against the British and their Indian allies in at the Battle of the Thames, near the southern section of present-day Ontario, Canada. The chieftain Tecumseh was killed during the battle, and the confederation of Indian tribes he led never again posed a serious threat in the region. Two years later, Harrison was elected to the U. House of Representatives from Ohio. In, he became a state senator. Starting in, he spent three years as a U. He resigned his senate seat in to become U. In, Harrison was a Whig Party candidate for the U. Harrison lost the election to Democrat Martin Van Buren Four years later, the Whigs nominated Harrison again, with Virginia politician John Tyler as his running mate. During the campaign, a pro-democrat newspaper mocked Harrison, then in his late 60s, for being too old to run for president, and said: His supporters used log cabin and cider barrel imagery on campaign memorabilia, including log-cabin-shaped bottles of whiskey from the E. Van Buren, who was unpopular with Americans for his mismanagement of the financial crisis known as the Panic of, was painted by his opponents as an out-of-touch, wealthy elite. In fact, he came from humble roots while Harrison was well-educated and hailed from an established family. However, the tactics worked: Harrison won the presidency with an electoral vote of and approximately 53 percent of the popular vote. He was the oldest U. Harrison gave a lengthy inaugural addressâ the longest in historyâ and opted not to wear a coat or hat, despite the inclement weather. Four weeks later he was dead from pneumonia. She was also given free postage on all her mail. Start your free trial today. Page 3

4 Chapter 4 : William Henry Harrison - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia William Henry Harrison: Ninth President of the United States Mr. Jefferson's Hammer: William Henry Harrison and the Origins of American Indian Policy William Henry Harrison and the Conquest of the Ohio Country: Frontier Fighting in the War of Harrison wanted a simple life as a physician in Virginia but he was forced into the US army, which actually opened up some doors for him. He came into contact with his future home and wife for the first time. He also became a military hero and a governor. From his adoptive home in Ohio, he was elected to both the lower and upper houses of the US Congress. He reached the peak of prominence when he was elected as the ninth President of the United States the first Ohioan to hold that office in, and died in office one month later. Just like the Prologue to the great tragedy Romeo and Juliet, our introduction just gave away the whole plot. This means that he was born in a state that was a Revolutionary hotbed in the year of the Boston Tea Party. His father was a Patriot, and must not have had much time to pay attention to his son during his earliest years He was busy being a delegate to the Continental Congress and signing the Declaration of Independence. He lived his early life at Berkeley Plantation in Virginia on the James River, and attended a few colleges early on, hoping to become a doctor. However, when his father died in, he abandoned those dreams for lack of resources. He went into the US Army as a junior officer. To be fair, the British still held a presence out there after America won its independence, and they were causing some problems by inciting the natives. Wayne was a hero from the Revolutionary War, and few men could have been better under which to gain experience for the young Virginian. Harrison played a part in the Battle of Fallen Timbers in, which was one of the most significant advances against the natives of the western territories. In, he married Anna Symmes, who lived near Cincinnati, Ohio. They were young and in love. Naturally, she would have to love him to put up with the barren, dirty conditions of the frontier forts she and the family would inhabit. Another evidence of their love is that they had ten children - six boys and four girls. Benjamin would eventually become the 23rd President of the United States quite a while later. As a lieutenant, Harrison signed the Treaty of Greenville, in which the indigenous peoples gave up their claims to much of Ohio in exchange for money. To the disappointment of immature Ohio geographers, the Kickapoo did not have anything named after them in the state. Harrison himself would eventually have a county in eastern Ohio and two towns named after him. Weirdly enough, in fact, if you look hard enough, the names of places in Ohio are the story of the important people in his life. Anna is a town in the central east. Half of his children share their first name with a town in Ohio. His eventual Vice President John Tyler has a town with his name in the southwest. Well, almost certainly, yes. After, life on the frontier was quiet. By, Harrison had three children and a wife. Conflicts with the Indians were not common because of the peace achieved with the Treaty of Greenville. Unfortunately, some events transpired to break this peace. As Thomas Jefferson, who loved farming and farmers, took office, he conveniently forgot to enforce the Treaty of Greenville. Americans slipped into Indian territory for land, and the Indians got annoyed, slowly but surely. This was an area that included land from the present-day states of Michigan, Indiana, Illinois, Wisconsin, Minnesota and of course the land he had taken as home - Ohio. When the governor of the territory, Arthur St Clair, was not present, Harrison was in charge. Shortly before the turn of the century, he became a delegate to the US Congress from the territories. He helped pass the Harrison Land Act. After serving as delegate, he took on the role of governor of the Indiana territory in, which included all of present-day Indiana, Wisconsin and Illinois, the western part of Michigan and the part of Ohio west of the Great Miami River 1. He held this job for 12 years. As governor, he signed a few treaties with those folks for them to give up some of their land. However, he soon met organised, strong resistance from two heroes of the Shawnee tribe, Tecumseh and his brother Tenskwatawa, who scared American settlers away from the region and built up a significant alliance. In, Harrison received permission to attack his enemies from the national government. To pause a moment, it should be noted that Harrison did not hate Indians at all. In fact, when a Page 4

5 man said that Harrison hated Indians, he sued for slander and won the case. Still, though he did not fight the American Indians on ideological grounds, Harrison did fight them for political and economic reasons. Harrison brought together a group of 1, soldiers. His adversaries had constructed a town at the confluence of the Wabash and Tippecanoe Rivers. He spoke to his men, promising that they were virtually invincible - unable to be hurt by the bullet of a white man. Boy, was he wrong. A two-hour battle ensued, which Harrison would later describe as the worst defeat the natives had faced since their acquaintance with the white people. Actually, the whites took more casualties than their opponents in all about Americans dead or wounded, but they won the strategic victory by pushing back the native forces. The battle was on a relatively small scale - almost small enough to be considered a skirmish. Still, it was not, as some historians contend, meaningless. The Prophet was proved wrong and was no longer a powerful leader. The Indian alliances were shaken. William Henry Harrison emerged as the hero, and as a protector of American interests in the west. In, a war between the Americans and an alliance between the British and Indians started. The British and Indians worked together in order to attempt to beat their counterparts in the west. William Henry Harrison was appointed commander of the Army of the Northwest during the war with the rank of Brigadier General. This was called the Battle of the Thames. Though it was strategically much more important than the Battle of Tippecanoe, he would never be so much remembered as the Hero of the Thames, perhaps because Tippecanoe is so much catchier. In it, the Americans defeated a British force two weeks after a treaty was signed ending the war damn post office. The Americans in that battle were led by a man named Andrew Jackson. Act Three - The Tragic Part Harrison was greeted as a regional, and to a lesser extent, a national hero. In, he got his revenge on Brown by defeating him for re-election to the US Senate. Harrison served as Senator until he took a job as an ambassador. For some of this time, Democrat Andrew Jackson was serving as President. He chose not to run for a third term in the election of, as was the custom, and his Vice President Martin Van Buren ran. Opponents of Jackson had been unable to muster significant, organised opposition to him, but were nearly ready to face Van Buren. William Henry Harrison put on his campaigning hat and ran against Van Buren. The newly-formed Whig Party actually ran three other candidates as well - each representing different regions. The idea was that this way, Van Buren would be denied a majority in the Electoral College, and the election would be decided by the House of Representatives, which would presumably have given the office to WH Harrison. He did not like that. Andrew Jackson had essential planted an economic timebomb with his policies, resulting in the Panic of, which Van Buren got the blame for. If Harrison had won the Presidency in, he would have been blamed for the economic collapse. As it turned out, Van Buren was politically weakened by the time his re-election came around. This election was a spectacle. It was the first US Presidential election to make use of badges, advertisements, rallies and songs. A Democratic newspaper had printed the following words as a criticism of Harrison. Give him a barrel of hard cider and settle a pension of two thousand a year on him, and my word for it, he will sit Oddly enough, this was exactly the sort of image that needed to be portrayed. Harrison, actually a wealthy Virginian, portrayed himself as a man of the people, as Andrew Jackson had years earlier. Supporters handed out hard cider in glasses shaped like log cabins. This was in contrast to the haughty New Yorker Van Buren. However, he was old. He was 67 when elected - the second oldest man to be elected to the Presidency to date. Epilogue He fell ill after he was elected. He was tired from the long campaign and probably wanted only to rest. It was announced that he would shake no hands at his inauguration because his hands were swollen. The factions of the Whig party competed for influence with Harrison. It is fairly easy to say that Harrison was expected to be a nationalist figurehead president - almost a puppet for powerful Whigs like Daniel Webster and Henry Clay. His inaugural address was edited by the great Webster who was to become Secretary of State in the Harrison administration and delivered on 4 March, through a snowstorm. Webster, known to be long-winded in delivery at times, actually provided Harrison with the longest inaugural address ever 2. Harrison refused to dress as warmly as was necessary, and at some point during the minute speech, he caught a cold which morphed into a case of pneumonia. A glooming peace this morning with it brings; The sun, for sorrow, will not show his head -From the end of Romeo and Juliet. He Page 5

6 died 32 days later, seemingly from the pneumonia he contracted from his inauguration, holding the distinctions of being the first President to die in office and the President with the shortest administration. Vice President John Tyler took the Presidency for the remaining three years and 11 months, though some historians contend that the office of the Vice President was only intended to serve as President in between the death of the President and a special election. Page 6

7 Chapter 5 : The Ninth US President - William H. Harrison William Henry Harrison was an American military leader, politician, the ninth President of the United States, and the first President to die in office. The oldest President elected until Ronald Reagan in, Harrison had served 30 days in office, still the shortest tenure in United States presidential history, before his death in April His paternal ancestors were the Harrison family of Virginia, whose immigrant ancestor, Benjamin Harrison I, arrived in Jamestown, Virginia, circa The future President Benjamin Harrison was a grandson of U. John Scott Harrison, a two-term U. He was also a member of Delta Chi, a law fraternity which permitted dual membership. At Miami, Harrison was strongly influenced by history and political economy professor Robert Hamilton Bishop. After Wallace, his law partner, was elected as county clerk in, Harrison established a new firm with William Fishback that was named Fishback and Harrison. Harrison told the governor, "If I can be of any service, I will go". Harrison recruited throughout northern Indiana to raise a regiment. Morton offered him the command, but Harrison declined, as he had no military experience. He was initially commissioned as a captain and company commander on July 22, Governor Morton commissioned Harrison as a colonel on August 7,, and the newly formed 70th Indiana was mustered into Federal service on August 12, In, Harrison and his regiment joined William T. The position was unsalaried and not a politically powerful one, but it did provide Harrison with a steady income for his work preparing and publishing court opinions, which he sold to the legal profession. Grant appointed Harrison to represent the federal government in a civil suit filed by Lambdin P. Milligan, whose controversial wartime conviction for treason in led to the landmark U. Supreme Court case known as Ex parte Milligan. Circuit Court for Indiana at Indianapolis, where it evolved into Milligan v. He initially confined his political activities to speaking on behalf of other Republican candidates, a task for which he received high praises from his colleagues. Former governor Oliver Morton favored his opponent, Thomas M. Browne, and Harrison lost his bid for statewide office. He was ultimately defeated in a plurality by James D. Williams, losing by 5, votes out of a total, cast, [51] but Harrison was able to build on his new prominence in state politics. When the Great Railroad Strike of reached Indianapolis, he gathered a citizen militia to make a show of support for owners and management, [23] [52] and helped to mediate an agreement between the workers and management and to prevent the strike from widening. Garfield won the nomination. United States Senator[ edit ] Walter Q. He gave speeches in favor of Garfield in Indiana and New York, further raising his profile in the party. Senate was threatened by Judge Walter Q. Gresham, his intra-party rival, but Harrison was ultimately chosen. Senate Committee on Territories 48th and 49th Congresses. Democrats wished to reduce the tariff and limit the amount of money the government took in; Republicans instead wished to spend the money on internal improvements and pensions for Civil War veterans. Blaine, the eventual nominee. His efforts to further the admission of new western states were stymied by Democrats, who feared that the new states would elect Republicans to Congress. After Blaine wrote several letters denying any interest in the nomination, his supporters divided among other candidates, with John Sherman of Ohio as the leader among them. Morton of New York was chosen as his running mate. Harrison reprised a more traditional front-porch campaign, abandoned by his immediate predecessors; he received visiting delegations to Indianapolis and made over ninety pronouncements from his hometown. Harrison neither defended nor repudiated Dudley, but allowed him to remain on the campaign for the remaining few days. After the election, Harrison never spoke to Dudley again. When Boss Matthew Quay of Pennsylvania, who was rebuffed for a Cabinet position for his political support during the convention, heard that Harrison ascribed his narrow victory to Providence, Quay exclaimed that Harrison would never know "how close a number of men were compelled to approach Page 7

8 Chapter 6 : William Henry Harrison - Wikipedia William Henry Harrison was not in office long enough to really have a significant impact. He only served one month, from March 4 until April 4, He was the first president to die in office. His grandson Benjamin Harrison was the 23rd president of the United States â For a discussion of the history and nature of the presidency, see presidency of the United States of America. Key events in the life of William Henry Harrison. Early years Born at Berkeley Plantation in Virginia, Harrison was descended from two wealthy and well-connected Virginia families. He also was a signer of the Declaration of Independence, a member of the Continental Congress, and the governor of Virginia â Library of Congress, Washington, D. However, the death of his father caused Harrison to discontinue his studies. In November, at age 18, he enlisted in the army as an ensign in the 10th Regiment at Fort Washington near Cincinnati in what is now Ohio. The following year he was made a lieutenant and subsequently served as an aide-de-camp to Gen. Anthony Wayne, who was engaged in a struggle against the Northwest Indian Confederation over the westward encroachment of white settlers. Harrison took part in the campaign that ended in the Battle of Fallen Timbers August 20,, near present-day Maumee, Ohio. The following year, on November 25, he married Anna Tuthill Symmes. Because her father objected to the match, the couple married in secret. Harrison was promoted to captain in and, for a brief period, served as commander of Fort Washington, resigning from the army in June John Adams named Harrison to succeed Winthrop Sargent as secretary of the Northwest Territory, a vast tract of land encompassing most of the future states of Ohio, Indiana, Michigan, Illinois, and Wisconsin. The following year Harrison was sent to Congress as a territorial delegate. While serving in this capacity, he devised a plan for distributing public lands to settlers and also assisted in the division of the Northwest Territory. Instead, in May, Adams appointed Harrison governor of the newly created Indiana Territory, which comprised, until, a much larger area than the present state of Indiana. He would serve as governor for 12 years. For a few months after the division in of the Louisiana Purchase into the Orleans Territory and the Louisiana Territory, Harrison also acted as governor of the Louisiana Territory all of the Louisiana Purchase north of the 33rd parallel, the largest jurisdiction ever exercised by a territorial official in the United States to that date. Harrison by Moses Dawson, Resisting the expansionism fostered by the treaties negotiated by Harrison, the Shawnee intertribal leader Tecumseh and his brother Tenskwatawa, who was known as the Prophet, organized an Indian uprising. Returning to military service, Harrison commanded a force of seasoned regulars and militia that defeated the Indians led by the Prophet at the Battle of Tippecanoe November 7,, near present-day Lafayette, Indiana, a victory that largely established his military reputation in the public mind. A few months after the War of broke out with Great Britain, Harrison was made a brigadier general and placed in command of all federal forces in the Northwest Territory. He would be promoted to the rank of major general in March James Winchester, whom Harrison had ordered to prepare to cross Lake Erie on the ice and surprise Fort Maiden, turned back to rescue the threatened American settlement at Frenchtown now Monroe, Michigan, on the River Raisin, and there on January 22,, was forced to surrender to Col. With his offensive operations having been thus checked, Harrison accomplished nothing that summer except to hold in check Procter, who besieged him at Fort Meigs May 1â 5, the American advance post after the disaster at the River Raisin. He advanced to Detroit, reoccupied the territory surrendered by Gen. Tecumseh was killed in the battle, and the British-Indian alliance was permanently destroyed. Thus ended resistance in the Northwest. Political career After the war, Harrison settled in Ohio, where he quickly became active in politics. He served in the U. House of Representatives â 19, where he worked on behalf of more liberal pension laws, better militia organization, and improvements in the navigation of the Ohio River and for the strict construction of the power of Congress over the territories, particularly in regard to slavery. Harrison also served in the Ohio Senate â 21 and the U. In he made an unsuccessful run for governor of Ohio. American presidential election, Results of the American presidential election, Source: United States Office of the Federal Register. Badge Page 8

9 from the presidential campaign of William Henry Harrison, He was occasionally mentioned as a candidate for governor, senator, or representative by the anti-jackson forces, and during this period he delivered a few addresses on agricultural or political topics. Later he obtained the lucrative post of clerk of the court of common pleas of Hamilton county, Ohio. Early in Harrison began to be mentioned as a suitable presidential candidate for the nascent Whig Party in the election. In the general election, Harrison attracted a large portion of the Whig and Anti-Masonic vote in the Midwest and Western states, but, although he finished highest among those candidates opposing Democrat Martin Van Buren, Harrison received only 73 electoral votes, while Van Buren secured to become president. In the election campaign, Harrison won the Whig nomination over Sen. In Harrison the Whigs believed they had found a new Jackson, attractive as a war hero and a frontiersman. A political cartoon from the presidential campaign, in which Pres. Harrison, depicted as a locomotive, bears down on Van Buren. Wearing no gloves and no overcoat despite the freezing weather, he rode up Pennsylvania Avenue on a white horse to take the oath of office on March 4, He said he would serve but one term, limit his use of the veto, and leave revenue schemes to Congress. LC-USZ However strong may be my present purpose to realize the expectations of a magnanimous and confiding people, I too well understand the dangerous temptations to which I shall be exposed from the magnitude of the power which it has been the pleasure of the people to commit to my hands not to place my chief confidence upon the aid of that Almighty Power which has hitherto protected me and enabled me to bring to favorable issues other important but still greatly inferior trusts heretofore confided to me by my country. The address was circulated to some parts of the country by railroad. Harrison was soon overwhelmed by office seekers. He was thoroughly dominated by the better-known leaders of his partyâ Daniel Webster, whom he appointed secretary of state, and Henry Clay. His relations with Clay were embittered, as Clay then preferred to wield power as leader of the Whigs in Congress. Clay, you forget that I am president. But a cold he had contracted on inauguration day developed into pneumonia, and he died just a month later. The first president to lie in state in the Capitol, Harrison was buried in Washington. Two months later, in June, his remains were reinterred in North Bend, Ohio. Library of Congress, Washington D. Cornell University Library Cabinet of Pres. William Henry Harrison The table provides a list of cabinet members in the administration of Pres. Page 9

10 Chapter 7 : William Harrison's Grouseland--Presidents: A Discover Our Shared Heritage Travel Itinerary William Henry Harrison, the ninth president of the United States (February 9, - April 4, ) was the 9th US President () and military officer Pinterest Twitter. He lived there until he left to take command of American forces in the old Northwest during the War of The reputation he gained as military hero and Indian fighter during the years he lived at Grouseland helped ensure his election as president in He campaigned as a rough frontiersman and war hero, although he was born in a Tidewater Virginia mansion. The first Whig to be elected president, he was also the first chief executive to die in office. He lived less than a month after his inauguration. His father, planter Benjamin Harrison, was a signer of the Declaration of Independence. In, he accepted a commission in the United States Army and received an assignment to the Northwest Territory. After he resigned from the army three years later, he served as secretary of the Northwest Territory and its first representative to the United States Congress. He helped obtain the legislation that established an independent Indiana Territory in and received an appointment as the first territorial governor. The new territory included all of what would become the States of Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, and Wisconsin, as well as the northeastern part of Minnesota. Its capital was Vincennes, and it was here that Harrison built his fine two and one-half story brick Federal house northeast of what was then a small frontier town. The house had 17 rooms, including an attached one and one-half story dependency in the rear. As governor, Harrison saw his principal task as opening lands belonging to the local Indian tribes to white settlement. He negotiated a series of treaties that provided for the cession of millions of acres of land, but his success generated strong resistance. Tecumseh, the famous Shawnee leader, who was trying to recruit other tribes to join him in armed resistance, met with Harrison at Grouseland in and warned that his people would fight to prevent further white encroachment. Campaign banner with Harrison on horseback Library of Congress In, Harrison left Grouseland and marched north to attack an Indian stronghold near Tippecanoe Creek. Celebrated as a great victory, the battle was indecisive and did not end Indian resistance. During the War of, he obtained a commission in the United States Army and was given command of American forces in the old Northwest. In, he crossed into Canada to defeat a combined force of British and Indians at the Battle of the Thames. This battle, in which Tecumseh was killed, ended Indian resistance in the Northwest. At the end of the war, Harrison resigned from the army and moved his family back to land they owned in North Bend, Ohio. For the next 26 years, Harrison mingled farming with political activity, holding various state and national offices. The party calculated that a popular military hero could successfully challenge Van Buren, whose popularity had been damaged by the economic depression of Harrison won the election by an overwhelming margin, out of electoral votes, but he died of pneumonia on April 4,, less than a month after taking office. John was the father of Benjamin Harrison, 23rd president of the United States. The chapter bought, restored, and opened it as a house museum, which is now maintained by the Grouseland Foundation, Inc. All of the rooms are furnished with period pieces, some of which belonged to William Henry Harrison. Click here for the National Historic Landmark registration file: Grouseland is open daily Monday-Saturday from 9: An entrance fee is charged. Page 10

11 Chapter 8 : William Henry Harrison Biography - 9th U.S. President Timeline & Life Grouseland, the William Henry Harrison Museum, in Vincennes, IN Find images and a history of Grouseland, the William Henry Harrison Mansion Museum, built by Harrison in l while Governor of the Indiana Territory. He was a member of a prominent political family of English descent, whose ancestors had been in Virginia since the s. His father was a Virginia planter who served as a delegate to the Continental Congress â and who signed the Declaration of Independence. The senior Harrison also served in the Virginia legislature, and as the fifth governor of Virginia â 84 in the years during and after the American Revolutionary War. In the spring of, shortly after he began his medical studies, his father died. Within twenty-four hours of meeting Lee, eighteen-year-old Harrison was commissioned as an ensign in the U. Army, 1st Infantry Regiment. He was initially assigned to Fort Washington, the present-day site of Cincinnati, in the Northwest Territory, where the army was engaged in the ongoing Northwest Indian War. Clair, its previous commander. Under the terms of the treaty, a coalition of Native Americans ceded a portion of their lands to the federal government that opened two-thirds of present-day Ohio to settlement by European Americans. Harrison, who was serving in the army at the time, sold his land to his brother. She was a daughter of Anna Tuthill and Judge John Cleves Symmes, who served as a colonel in the American Revolutionary War, as a representative to the Congress of the Confederation, and became a prominent figure in Ohio. The couple honeymooned at Fort Washington since Harrison was still on military duty. Two weeks later, at a farewell dinner for General Wayne, Judge Symmes confronted his new son-in-law for the first time since the wedding, sternly demanding to know how Harrison intended to support a family. Harrison responded, "by my sword, and my own right arm, sir. William and Anna Harrison had ten children: She died on February 25,, at age eighty-eight. According to Janken, she opined that Dilsia, a female slave belonging to William Henry Harrison, had six children by him, born into slavery. No evidence corroborating these assertions has been discovered. With the aid of his close friend Timothy Pickering, who was serving as U. Secretary of State, Harrison received a recommendation to replace Winthrop Sargent, the outgoing territorial secretary. President John Adams appointed Harrison to the position in July Harrison frequently served as acting territorial governor during the absences of Governor Arthur St. Congress[ edit ] Harrison had many friends in the eastern aristocracy, and quickly gained a reputation among them as a frontier leader. He ran a successful horse-breeding enterprise that won him acclaim throughout the Northwest Territory. Harrison became a champion of lower land prices, a primary concern of settlers in the Territory at the time. Congress, Harrison ran for election. Note the misspelling of the name. The committee recommended splitting the territory into two segments. The eastern section, which continued to be known as the Northwest Territory, comprised the present-day state of Ohio and eastern Michigan ; the western section was named the Indiana Territory and consisted of the present-day states of Indiana, Illinois, Wisconsin, a portion of western Michigan, and the eastern portion of Minnesota. Harrison, caught unaware, was reluctant to accept the position until he received assurances from the Jeffersonians that he would not be removed from office after they gained power in the upcoming elections. Senate, he resigned from Congress to become the first Indiana territorial governor in History of slavery in Indiana and Indiana Territory Harrison arrived at Vincennes, the capital of the newly established Indiana Territory on January 10,, to begin his duties. The farm has been restored and is a popular, modern-day tourist attraction. The school was incorporated as Vincennes University on November 29,, and is one of two U. President; the other is the University of Virginia, founded by Thomas Jefferson. On February 8,, when President Jefferson reappointed Harrison as the Indiana territorial governor, he also granted Harrison the authority to negotiate and conclude treaties with the Indians. The Treaty of St. Louis with Quashquame required the Sauk and Meskwaki tribes to cede much of western Illinois and parts of Missouri to the federal government. Many of the Sauk, especially Black Hawk, greatly resented this treaty and the loss of lands, a primary reason the Sauk sided with the United Kingdom during the War of Harrison thought the Treaty of Grouseland appeased some of the Indians, but tensions remained high Page 11

12 along the frontier. The Treaty of Fort Wayne raised new tensions when Harrison purchased land from the Miami tribe, who claimed ownership of the land, more than 2. Harrison rushed the treaty process by offering large subsidies to the tribes and their leaders so that the treaty would be in force before President Jefferson left office and the administration changed. In, Harrison lobbied Congress to vote in favor of a petition to suspend Article VI of the Northwest Ordinance for ten years, a move that would allow slavery in the Indiana Territory. At the end of the suspension period citizens in the territories covered under the ordinance could decide for themselves whether to permit slavery. Harrison claimed the suspension was necessary to encourage settlement and would make the territory economically viable, but Congress rejected the idea. Previously, lower-house members were elected, but the territorial governor appointed members to the upper house. Harrison found himself at odds with the legislature after the antislavery faction came to power and the eastern portion of the Indiana Territory grew to include a large, antislavery population. By Harrison had moved away and resumed his military career. Although he was a slaveholder, Jefferson did not want slavery to expand into the Northwest Territory, as he believed the institution should eventually end. Under the "Jefferson-Lemen compact", Jefferson donated money to Lemen to found churches in Illinois and Indiana to stop the proslavery movement. Page 12

13 Chapter 9 : 9th US President William Henry Harrison United States Politician William Henry Harrison, the ninth President of the United States (), is best remembered for the campaign slogan "Tippecanoe and Tyler Too." He was born on February 9,, in Berkeley County Virginia, the third son of Benjamin Harrison, signer of the Declaration of Independence. He immediately succumbed to pneumonia 30 days after his election as President. Although his presidency was short-lived, his political years were very colorful. William Henry Harrison left a memorable legacy not only to grandson, Benjamin Harrison who was later elected as the 23rd leader of USA, but to the entire American people as well. Harrison became the acting governor during such absence. As a member of the elite class during his time, William Henry Harrison had close ties with businessmen and other politicians. The main problem during this period was the expensive prices of land in the northwestern territory. Harrison vigorously fought for lower land prices and continued to gain the admiration of so many people. Harrison wanted to boost the image of the region to persuade people to migrate. Due to his advocacy, he was elected as the very first representative of the Northwestern Territory to the 6th US Congress. He was only 26 years old at that time. The said position was not a privileged one because Harrison was not allowed to take part in the approval of congressional bills. However, the committee allowed him to assist the working group, participate in various debates and to propose laws. The law made it possible for ordinary people with average income to purchase their own land in the Northwestern region. People who had acres of land were allowed to subdivide the same and sell the small tracts. During his congressional term, Harrison was one of those who recommended dividing the vast Northwestern Territory into two. The proposition was approved and the bill passed the readings in and this gave rise to the creation of the Territories of Ohio and Indiana. The popularity of Harrison became immensely great and the President at that time, John Adams, believed in his capabilities. Without even breaking the news to Harrison, President John Adams designated him as the new Governor of the newly created region. Because of his new appointment, Harrison had to resign from his congressional seat after a dialogue with the Jeffersonian group. Political upheavals were frequent during the s but Harrison was assured that he will not be removed from office even assuming that the Jeffersonians gain the slot during the succeeding election. This newly established region comprises of Indiana, eastern Minnesota, Michigan, Wisconsin and Illinois. Harrison took this position seriously and he had to move to the capital of the region which was Vincennes. There he constructed his Grouseland home, which has become a well-known tourist attraction today. William Henry Harrison was given an all-encompassing type of authority over the entire territory and began appointing his trusted officials who will in turn come up with an effective legislature for the region. His entire wealth and political ambitions at that time was connected to Indiana and if it became a state, he will definitely gain the benefit. A total of 13 treatises were signed through the efforts of Harrison and his staff. The agreement transferred more than 60 million acres of land from native Indian titles to the United States. A greater portion of southern Indiana, Sauk, Meskwaki and several parts of Missouri were literally surrendered to the leadership of the United States. However, because of good tactic and offensive strategy, Harrison was able to ward off the attack and destroyed Prophetstown and its people. The result of the battle of Tippecanoe was advantageous for Harrison and he became even more popular. It was in when William Henry Harrison decided to shift to a higher post in government office and run for Senate. Good propaganda was developed for the Harrison Presidential campaign and completely erased his political stigma from that of a rich pro-slave elite leader to a humble and sincere frontiersman. His role during the war of Tippecanoe became his Presidential slogan and gained the trust and confidence of the electorate. Harrison had a formidable political campaign force and this enabled him to win the Presidential seat against his popular opponent, Van Buren. President William Henry Harrison had many plans when he won the elections and mentioned all of these during his Presidential inaugural address. People had enormous hope for the Harrison administration because they regarded their leader as a formidable legislator. However, the hope began to fade because Page 13

14 Harrison became very ill and his busy days in office did not help. He had shivers and his health continued to deteriorate after nine days of being ill. Page 14