HALACHOT OF RIBBIT WORKSHEET 3
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1 Name: Date: HALACHOT OF RIBBIT WORKSHEET 3 מלוה, לוה, ערב, מסייע Characters A. The Four דברים פרק כג פסוק ג ל א ת ש י ך ל א ח י ך נ ש ך כ ס ף נ ש ך א כ ל נ ש ך כ ל ד ב ר אש ר י ש ך: :פסוק 1) Translate this ויקרא פרק יט פסוק יד ל א ת ק ל ל ח ר ש ו ל פ נ י ע ו ר ל א ת ת ן מ כ של ו י ר א ת מ א לה י ך אנ י ה': :פסוק 2) Translate this ויקרא פרק כה פסוק לז א ת כ ס פ ך ל א ת ת ן ל ו ב נ ש ך וב מ ר ב ית ל א ת ת ן א כ ל ך: :פסוק 3) Translate this ת ש י ך cause to take interest ע ו ר blind man מ כ ש ל obstacle רמב"ם הלכות מלוה ולוה פרק ד הלכה ב כדרך שאסור להלוות, כך אסור ללוות, ברבית, שנאמר, "לא תשיך לאחיך." מפי השמועה למדו שזו אזהרה ללוה, כלומר, "לא תנשך לאחיך." וכן אסור להתעסק בין לוה ומלוה ברבית. וכל מי שהיה ערב או סופר או עד ביניהן, הרי זה עובר בלא תעשה, שנאמר, "לא תשימון עליו נשך" זו אזהרה אף לעדים ולערב ולסופר. ל הא מ ד ת שהמלוה בריבית עובר על ששה לאוין: 1( "לא תהיה לו כ נושה," 2( "את כספך לא תתן לו בנשך," 3( "ובמרבית לא תתן אכלך," 4( "אל תקח מאתו נשך ותרבית," 5( "לא תשימון עליו נשך," 6( "ולפני עור לא תתן מכשול." והלוה עובר בשנים: 1( לא תשיך לאחיך," ו- 2 ( "לפני עור לא תתן מכשול." ערב ועדים וכיוצא בהן אין עוברין אלא משום 1( "לא תשימון עליו נשך." וכל מי שהיה סרסור בין שניהם או שסייע אחד מהן או הורהו, עובר משום 1( "לפני עור לא תתן מכשול." to be lent to warning like a creditor כדרך in the same way להלוות to lend מפי השמועה למדו our Oral tradition teaches us ערב guarantor הא ל מ ד ת So you can learn ללוות אזהרה כ נושה
2 Type of Individual 4( ריבית דאורייתא Number of Possible Offenses קצוצה, דרבנן, מוקדמת, מאוחרת Offenses B. The Four?ריבית קצוצה A) What is ש"ך יורה דעה סימן קסו ז דלא הוי ריבית קצ וצה אלא כשקוצץ בשעת הלואה, מדכתיב, "לא תתן"... שולחן ערוך יורה דעה סימן קס סעיף ד אפילו אם ה לוה נותן לו יותר, מדעתו, בשעת אסור... ה פרע ון, שלא?ריבית דרבנן B) What is ה תנה עמו, ואינו אומר שנותנו לו יותר בשביל רבית,?ריבית מוקדמת C) What is שולחן ערוך יורה דעה סימן קס סעיף ו אסור להקדים הרבית... כיצד? נתן עיניו ללוות ממנו והיה משגר לו דורון הגה: ופירש: "בשביל שילוהו," ]טור וכב"י שכ"נ מרא"ש[(, או שהוא מ ת נה מרובה, דמסתמא הוי כאילו פירש לו(, )שם בשם סמ"ג( מחבר: בשביל שילוהו, זו היא רבית מוקדמת. ט"ז על שולחן ערוך יורה דעה סימן קס סעיף ו כל ש ה ל וה נותן סתם, אמרינן בודאי לא בשביל הלואה הוא, דמסתמא אינו עושה איסור...?ריבית מאוחרת D) What is שולחן ערוך יורה דעה סימן קס סעיף ו אסור... לא ח ר אותו. כיצד?... לוה ממנו והחזיר לו מעותיו, והיה משגר לו דורון בשביל מעותיו שהיו בטלות אצלו, זו היא רבית מאוחרת ואם עבר ועשה כן, הרי זה אבק רבית. ש"ך על שולחן ערוך יורה דעה סימן קס סעיף ו... דוקא סמוך קצת להלואה אבל במופלגת הרבה אין לחוש כלל ואפי' מתנה מרובה נמי שרי כל שהוא סתם... ה the payment פ רע ון gift דורון to delay לא ח ר on his own משגר send סתם in a regular way קצ וצה pre-decided מדעתו ה ת נה made a condition דמסתמא so that we can assume
3 מאוחרת מוקדמת דרבנן קצוצה (5 Definition 6) Max repays his loan to Jake. Two weeks later a note appears through Jake s door that says, Just wanted to say Thank You for the loan. Outside is a shiny new car. What type of Ribbit is this? 7) Maya lends Ellie $100 on the assumption that Ellie will pay Maya back $100 later. At the time of the repayment, however, Ellie throws in an extra $10 as a Thank You for Maya s loan. What type of Ribbit is this? 8) Maddie sends an extravagant gift to Lexie two weeks before Maddie will need a loan from Lexie. A note attached to the gift says, Just thinking of you. What type of Ribbit is this? 9) Ari lends Ben $100 on the condition that Ben will pay Ari back $110 in two weeks. What type of Ribbit is this? So what difference does it make what type of Ribbit one has violated? Four reasons: 1( ספק דאורייתא לחומרא, ספק דרבנן לקולא. 2( שולחן ערוך יורה דעה סימן קס סעיף א הגה:... והא ד ל וה עובר, דוקא ברבית דאורייתא. אבל ברבית דרבנן, אינו עובר אלא משום "לפני עור" וגו' )ויקרא יט, יד(. )ר"ן פ' זה בורר ובנ"י פא"נ וכ"כ ר' ירוחם ני"ח.( 3a( שולחן ערוך יורה דעה סימן קס סעיף יח כל רבית דרבנן, מותר ב...תלמוד תורה, או צורך בית הכנסת. הגה: וכן נוהגין להקל... 3b( שולחן ערוך יורה דעה סימן קעב סעיף א רמ"א הגה:... ויש מתירין להלוות על ספרים, או מקומות בית המדרש... דהוי לצורך מצוה, ומותר ללוות ברבית לצורך מצוה )תשובת מהרי"ל סימן ל"ז והאגודה(... 4( שולחן ערוך יורה דעה סימן קסא סעיף ב אבק רבית, אינה יוצאה בדיינים. ואם בא לצאת ידי שמים, חייב להחזיר. מלבד רבית מוקדמת ומאוחרת אפילו לצאת ידי שמים אינו חייב להחזיר. )ב"י בשם תשובת הרשב"א(. to act in the most proper way taken away וגו' etc. יוצאת לצאת ידי שמים
4 10) Yanky lent Stinky $100. One week later Stinky paid back Yanky $110, much to Yanky s surprise. Is either, both, or neither guilty? Prove your answer from the text. 11) Hadasah Sarah lent Eliana $100. One week later Eliana paid Hadasah Sarah back $100, plus she gave her a new sefer, much to Hadasah Sarah s surprise. Is Eliana guilty of?ריבית Explain. _ 12) Estee lent Esti $100, stipulating that Esti owes her $500 in two weeks. Esti paid her the $500. Can a בית דין take the money back and give it to Estee? What if the extra $400 was a gift from Esti to Estee? Prove your answers from the text. 13) Complete this chart to show how the cases we just saw apply to the different kinds of Ribbit. HOW THE CASE APPLIES TO RIBBIT מאוחרת מוקדמת דרבנן קצוצה CASE Case #1 Case #2 Case #3 Case #4 C. Practical Cases in Ribbit טור יורה דעה סימן קס סעיף א... ואפילו אם אומר למלוה, "אני מוחל לך הרבית, ונותנו לך במתנה," אסור, והגאונים כתבו שאם מחל הלוה למלוה רבית שלקח או שעתיד ליקח, אף על פי שקנו מידו או נתנה לו במתנה, אינו כלום, שכל רבית שבעולם מחילה היא, אבל התורה לא מחלה, ואסרה מחילה זו! לפיכך, אין המחילה מועלת כלום, ואפילו ברבית של דבריהם...
5 מוחל forgive אין... מועלת כלום it doesn t accomplish anything של דבריהם D rabanan 14) Shevi lent Mahayon $15. Mahayon was so grateful that she decided to give back $30, calling the extra $15 a gift and not interest on the first $15. Is that OK? Why or why not? Prove your answer from the text. שולחן ערוך יורה דעה סימן קס סעיף א רמ"א הגה: ואין חילוק בין אם מלוה לעני או לעשיר. )הגהות מיימוני פ"ד מהל' מלוה ולוה(... 15) I saw Donald Trump in 7-11 and lent him.75 for a candy bar. When he got back to his car, he gave me back $1.00. He s a multi-billionaire. Is it OK to take the extra.25 from him? Prove your answer from the text. שולחן ערוך יורה דעה סימן קעו סעיף ז אסור לומר לאדם: עשה עמי מלאכה היום ששוה דינר ואני אעשה עמך בשבוע אחר מלאכה ששוה שתים. שולחן ערוך יורה דעה סימן קס סעיף ט לא יעשה מלאכה לחבירו על מנת שחבירו יעשה עמו אח"כ מלאכה שהיא יותר כבדה. 16) Avi needed 15 minutes of Ari s help studying for a Halacha Test, so he made a deal that he would help him study for a math test tomorrow for 30 minutes. Is there anything wrong with that? Prove your answer from the text. שולחן ערוך יורה דעה סימן קס סעיף י אסור ללמד את המלוה או את בנו מקרא או גמרא, כל זמן שמעותיו בידו, אם לא היה רגיל בזה מקודם. 17) Your Dad owes your friend s Dad $100. Your Dad has been learning with your friend for his Bar Mitzvah for the past six months. Before paying back the loan, can your Dad continue to learn with your friend for his Bar Mitzvah? Prove your answer from the text.
6 שולחן ערוך יורה דעה סימן קס סעיף צריך המלוה ליזהר מליהנות מהלוה שלא מדעתו, כל זמן שמעותיו בידו, אפילו בדבר שהיה עושה לו אף אם לא הלווהו. אבל אם נהנה ממנו מדעתו, מותר בדבר שהיה עושה לו אף אם לא הלווהו. ובלבד שלא יהא דבר של פרהסיא, כגון לדור בחצרו ולהשתמש בעבדיו. 18) Noah lent Ilan $100. Before Ilan returned the $100 to Noah, Ilan mowed Noah s lawn for him at no charge. Give two situations in which this would not be acceptable, and one situation in which this would be acceptable.
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