ALEPH-TAU Hebrew School Lesson 204 (Nouns & Verbs-Masculine)

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1 Each chapter from now on includes a vocabulary list. Each word in the vocabulary lists has been selected because it appears frequently in the Bible. Memorize the vocabulary words. Vocabulary * 1 ז כ ר remembered א ב ר ה ם Abraham מ ל ך ruled, reigned א י ש man מ ל ך king ב י ת house young man נ ע ר ב ן son ע מ ד stood ד ב ר word, thing ש מ ע heard, listened ד ו ד David ש מ ר guarded, kept ה וא he, it 1 Simon, E., Resnikoff, I., & Motzkin, L The first Hebrew primer : The adult beginner's path to 1

2 The Hebrew Sentence * In both English and Hebrew, a sentence is a group of words that expresses a complete thought. David remembered. He stood. A man heard. A king ruled. Abraham guarded. ד ו ד ז כ ר. ה וא ע מ ד. א י ש ש מ ע. מ ל ך מ ל ך. א ב ר ה ם ש מ ר. In English the verb normally follows the subject. David remembered. He stood. In Hebrew the verb usually precedes the subject, but may also follow it. David remembered. David remembered. ד ו ד ז כ ר. ז כ ר ד ו ד. 2

3 2 He stood. He stood. ה וא ע מ ד. ע מ ד ה וא. The Subject of a Sentence The subject of a sentence is a noun or pronoun that performs the action in the sentence. A noun is a word that names a person, place, object, or idea. The nouns in the vocabulary of this chapter are: ד ב ר word, thing א ב ר ה ם Abraham ד ו ד David א י ש man מ ל ך king ב י ת house נ ע ר young man ב ן son 2 Simon, E., Resnikoff, I., & Motzkin, L The first Hebrew primer : The adult beginner's path to 3

4 A pronoun is a word used in place of a noun. For example, the words he, she, and it are pronouns. The vocabulary of this chapter introduces the pronoun he. - ה וא 3 Verbs A verb is a word that describes the action of the subject of a sentence. In the sentence David remembered, the verb is remembered. The verbs in this chapter are: 4 ע מ ד stood ז כ ר remembered ש מ ע heard מ ל ך ruled ש מ ר guarded, kept 3 Simon, E., Resnikoff, I., & Motzkin, L The first Hebrew primer : The adult beginner's path to 4 Simon, E., Resnikoff, I., & Motzkin, L The first Hebrew primer : The adult beginner's path to 4

5 The Meaning of the Past (Perfect) Tense In English there are many ways to describe action in the past. In Hebrew there is only one way. The Hebrew sentence ד ו ד ש מ ר can be translated into English as shown below. 5 David guarded. David did guard. David was guarding. David has guarded. David had guarded. ד ו ד ש מ ר. } The Definite Article * In English there is an indefinite article: a or an, as in a man or an eye. In Hebrew there is no indefinite article. Therefore, מ ל ך can mean either king or a king, depending on the context. 5 Simon, E., Resnikoff, I., & Motzkin, L The first Hebrew primer : The adult beginner's path to 5

6 In both English and Hebrew there is a definite article. In English, the definite article is a separate word: the. In Hebrew, the definite article is attached to a noun and cannot stand alone. The definite article ה usually has a under it, followed by a dagesh in the next letter. ה = the the king king Definite Noun = Indefinite Noun + Definite Article ה נ ע ר = נ ע ר + ה the young man young man the ה + ד ב ר = ה ד ב ר the word word the ה + ב ן = ה ב ן the son son the ה + ב י ת = ה ב י ת the house house the 6

7 Exercises Vocabulary Drill. Read and translate the following words. 1 1 ד ב ר ז כ ר ב י ת א ב ר ה ם ע מ ד ב ן.11 מ ל ך.8.11 נ ע ר.11 ה נ ע ר מ ל ך ש מ ר ד ו ד ה וא ש מ ע א י ש Read and translate the following..7 ע מ ד ב י ת..1.8 נ ע ר ז כ ר..9 ש מ ר א י ש. ב ן ע מ ד..1 א ב ר ה ם ע מ ד. ש מ ר ד ו ד..1 ש מ ע א ב ר ה ם. ה וא מ ל ך..1 מ ל ך ה מ ל ך

8 3. Read and translate the following pairs of sentences. ד ו ד ז כ ר ד ב ר. ה א י ש ז כ ר ד ב ר. ה וא ש מ ר ב י ת. ה מ ל ך ש מ ר ב י ת. א י ש ש מ ר. ה א י ש ש מ ר. מ ל ך מ ל ך. מ ל ך ה מ ל ך. 6. נ ע ר ש מ ע. ה נ ע ר ש מ ע. ע מ ד ב ן. ע מ ד ה ב ן Add the definite article ה to the following words and then translate: נ ע ר ב י ת ב ן ד ב ר מ ל ך 8 Simon, E., Resnikoff, I., & Motzkin, L The first Hebrew primer : The adult beginner's path to 8

9 5. Translate the following sentences into Hebrew. 1 A young man heard. 4. The man guarded. The young man heard. The man was guarding. 2. A king ruled. 5. The young man was guarding. The king ruled. A young man had guarded. 3. A son stood. 6. A king remembered. The son stood. The king did remember. 6. Read and translate into English. *ז כ ר ה וא ב י ת..1 *א ב ר ה ם ש מ ע ד ב ר. 5. * ש מ ע ה א י ש ד ב ר..1 *מ ל ך ד ו ד. 6. *ה ב י ת ע מ ד..1 *ז כ ר ה נ ע ר ד ב ר. 7. *ה מ ל ך מ ל ך..1 *ב ן ש מ ר. 8. 9

10 7. Translate into Hebrew. 10 The man stood. 6. The son heard. 2. The man guarded a 7. A king guarded. house. 3. David heard a word. 8. The house stood. 4. He ruled. 9. The young man remembered. 5. Abraham remembered a 10. The king heard. thing. 10 Simon, E., Resnikoff, I., & Motzkin, L The first Hebrew primer : The adult beginner's path to 10

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