Ancient History. Practice Test. Sumer, Mesopotamian Empires, and the Birth of Civilization

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1 Practice Test DIRECTIONS: Read the following definitions carefully and match them with the correct word or term that goes with the definition. (1 point each) Sumerians 1. Someone who does skilled work making things with their hands; a crafts men levee 2. A wall of earth built to prevent a river from flooding its canals aqueduct 3. Sand, mud, soil etc., that is carried by flowing water an then settles at the bottom of a river silt 4. One of the earliest urban societies to emerge in the world, in Southern Mesopotamia more than 5000 years ago social structure 5. A structure that looks like a bridge and that is used to carry water over a valley artisan. When society is divided into groups based on wealth, power, and/or prestige DIRECTIONS: Choose 2 of the following terms and write complete definitions. (2 points each) city- state ziggurat civilization cuneiform Fertile Crescent 7. 8.

2 DIRECTIONS: Read all of the questions COMPLETELY and circle the answer that best completes the sentence or answers the question. (1 point each) 11. Why did the ancient Sumerians build with bricks made from mud? I J To withstand enemy attacks To be built quickly K The area had plenty of dirt and not enough tees L Lasted longer 9. The term fertile, as in the Fertile Crescent region surrounding Mesopotamia is MOST referring to land that: A Is capable of being easily defended from enemies B Is in the shape of the crescent moon C Is capable of producing plenty of vegetation and crops D Is filled with animals who are capable of producing many offspring 10. On what did the Sumerian farmers depend in order to grow crops? E Heavy rains that frequently fell across the region F Violent floods caused by heavy rainfall during spring G Canals they built to bring river water to their fields H Snow in distant mountains they brought to their fields 12. What does the term Mesopotamia mean in Greek? A Messy pot or unclean vessel B Middle Land C Region of ten cities D Land between two rivers 13. Which ruler created the first empire in Mesopotamia? A Sargon B Cyrus C Hammurabi D Nebuchadnezzar 14. The people who were the most cruel in conquering and governing their empire were the A Assyrians B Babylonians C Akkadians D Persians

3 15. How did the ability of Sumerian farmers to produce food surpluses help make Sumer a civilization? A It allowed people to specialize in other kinds of work. B It brought new settlers to the city- states. C It enabled the population to grow. D It gave Sumerians more time to practice their religion. 1. Cuneiform was an important achievement in the development of: E Written language F Religious beliefs G Agricultural production H Representative government 17. The is one of the most well- known stories from Mesopotamia. It tells the tale of the king of Uruk and his friend Enkidu. A Epic of Gilgamesh B Epic of Uruk C Odyssey D Story of Noah and the Ark 18. Choose which of the following statements BEST describes the government of Mesopotamian society? A A government ruled by the people and leaders are elected. B In addition to the king, there was a government with officials. C The government was ruled by a Pharaoh D The government was based on a feudal system Directions: Read the following questions and answer them in complete sentences. Be sure to include facts and/or examples to clarify your answer. (3 points each) 19. What are 3 elements of a civilization? Provide an example from modern civilization for each element. 20. Was Ancient Sumer a civilization? Provide 3 examples from Sumer to support your answer.

4 DIRECTIONS: Use the map to answer the following questions. (1 point each) 21. Where was the city- state of Ur located? A Near the source of the Euphrates River B At the mouth of the Tigris River C At the northern end of Mesopotamia D West of the city- state of Eridu 22. Which city- state is not located in the flood plain? A Ebla B Lagash C Nippur D Uruk 23. Which city- state was located in furthest north? A Akkad B Babylon C Nippur D Uruk 24. The majority of city- states are located near rivers. Explain why?

5 Exam Questions DIRECTIONS: Use the chart to answer the following questions. (1 point each) 25. If a city surrendered without putting up much of a fight, what happened to the people who lied there? 2. What was the only way the people of a city could avoid being slaughter when attacked by conquerors? 27. What could the people of a conquered city count on, whether the city had surrendered or not? 28. How did the conqueror keep control over the peoples they conquered?

6 DIRECTIONS: Use these excerpts from Hammurabi s Code to answer the following questions. (1 point each) Laws Taken from Hammurabi s Code Law 3: If any one brings an accusation of any crime before the elders, and does not prove what he has charged, he shall, if it be a capital offense charged, be put to death. Law : If any one steals the property of a temple or of the court, he shall be put to death, and also the one who receives the stolen thing from him shall be put to death. Law 15: If any one takes a male or female slave of the court, or a male or female slave of a freed man, outside the city gates, he shall be put to death. Law 21: If any one breaks a hole into a house (breaks in to steal), he shall be put to death before that hole and be buried. Law 22: If any one is committing a robbery and is caught, than he shall be put to death. 29. What was the content of Hammurabi s Code? A It listed the laws and corresponding punishments B It explained how government officials were chosen C It established a single currency for use across the empire D It described how to perform formal religious ceremonies D Accusing the elders of a crime without proof 31. According to the text above, what was the ultimate punishment for a crime committed? A Excommunicated from society B Slave labor C Put to death D Pay a fine to the court 30. According to the text above, which of the following acts were NOT allowed? There may be more than one correct answer. A Stealing B Owning slaves C Taking a slave of the court outside city walls 32. Where were the laws posted? A They were craved into the side of every ziggurat B They were not posted, they were shouted daily by the town crier C They were printed in the daily newspaper D They were inscribed onto a stone pillar

7 HISTORICAL CONTEXT: The Sumerians worshiped many gods and goddesses. Three of the most important were Ninhursag, goddess of the earth; Enki, god of fresh water; and Enlil, god of air and storms. DIRECTIONS: Study the documents carefully and answer the questions that follow. (2 points each) DOCUMENT: Excerpt from Enki and the World Order I am the lord of the land I am the father of all the lands I am he who brings full prosperity (wealth, comfort, well- being) At my command the stalls have been built, the sheepfolds have been enclosed. When I approached heaven a rain of prosperity poured down from heaven. When I approached the earth, there was a high flood. When I approached the green meadows, the heaps and mounds were piled up at my word Enki multiplied the heaps and mounds. With Enlil he spread wide the abundance in the land He built stalls, erected sheepfolds, put there the best fat and milk; brought joy to the dining halls of the gods. In the vegetation- like plain he made prosperity prevail. 33. The hymn states a rain of prosperity poured down. What is meant by prosperity? What kinds of things made Mesopotamians prosperous? 34. Who helped Enki spread abundance and prosperity on the land? 35. The excerpt mentions a rain and a high flood. Why does the excerpt repeatedly mention water?

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