Fertile Crescent and Empire Builders 2012

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Brianna Montgomery
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1 Place all answers on answer key. Part I Match (10) Sumerian pyramid shaped temple Epic poem Name meaning land between the rivers First empire builder Sumerian system of writing Son of Cyrus the Great Provincial governors Most magnificent city in the Persian Empire Assyrian capital Capital of Hittite empire a. cuneiform b. Satraps c. Gilgamesh d. Babylon e. Sargon I f. Hattusas g. Nineveh h. Mesopotamia i. ziggurat j. Cambyses Part II Multiple choice (15) 1. All of the following were Sumerian city-states except a. Memphis c. Kish b. Ur d. Uruk 2. Hammurabi was a ruler of a. Thebes b. Babylon 3. The Sumerians thought their gods a. were happy beings b. created a happy life after death c. Assyria d. Sumer c. Were unpredictable and selfish d. Loved humanity

2 4. Hammurabi s Code advanced the cause of justice by a. creating less severe penalties for wrongdoers b. allowing victims to exact justice c. making the government responsible for equal justice across the land d. building more jails 5. Under Hammurabi s Code a. landowners were punished more severely than slaves b. everyone was punished with equal severity, without regard to class c. Poor swimmers got off easy d. punishment varied, depending on the class of the person offended. 6. The Hittites contributed little to Middle Eastern civilization except for a. The Zoroastrian religion b. The satrap system of provincial government c. the development of a solar calendar d. a legal system emphasizing payment over punishment 7. During the rule of King Nebuchadnezzar, Babylon a. became capital of the Hittite empire. c. was destroyed by the Persians. b. became known as one of the world s most beautiful cities d. was destroyed by the Chaldeans. 8. The capture of Nineveh marked a. the end of the Assyrian Empire. b. the beginning of the Jewish persecution 9. The Assyrians earned a reputation for a. seafaring talent. b. respecting their parents. c. The end of the Chaldean Empire. d. the beginning of the Greek Empire. c. Cruelty and terror warfare d. Craftsmanship and trade 10. According to the teachings of Zoroaster, a. the world was ruled by one all-powerful god. b. an afterlife did not exist. c. the world was ruled by many gods representing natural forces d. humans had to choose between the forces of good (Mazda) and evil

11. The first rulers of Sumeria were known as a. Pharaohs b. Presidents 12. Mesopotamian goddess of fertility and life a. Enki b. Shamu c. Lugals d. Divas c.

Philistines d. Presbyterians 14. The Assyrian Empire reached its peak under the rule of a. Nebuchadnezzar II b. Ashurbanipal c. Shadrach d. Abednego 15.

Towers Part III Fill in the blanks. (5) 1. The image to the right is that of a Hittite innovation the (be specific). 2.

3 11. The first rulers of Sumeria were known as a. Pharaohs b. Presidents 12. Mesopotamian goddess of fertility and life a. Enki b. Shamu c. Lugals d. Divas c. Enlil d. Ishtar 13. These sea peoples were known as the Hyksos to the Egyptians, but as the to the people of the Mesopotamian region. a. Amorites c. Klingons b. Philistines d. Presbyterians 14. The Assyrian Empire reached its peak under the rule of a. Nebuchadnezzar II b. Ashurbanipal c. Shadrach d. Abednego 15. The rivers of the Mesopotamian region formed natural that allowed for fertile soil and protection from enemies. a. Levees c. Caves b. Hanging gardens d. Towers Part III Fill in the blanks. (5) 1. The image to the right is that of a Hittite innovation the (be specific). 2. The image to the left, a, was a central feature of early Sumerian cities. 3. The stele, stone tablet, to the right was authorized by King Hammurabi. What was inscribed on the stone tablets that he had sent out throughout his kingdom?

4. The earliest form of writing was developed in the Mesopotamian region. An example of writing on the clay tablet is to the left. 5. Below is an artist s rendering of an ancient Mesopotamian city.

What was the early Sumerian attitude to their gods and how did it differ from their distant neighbors, the Egyptians? 2. Identify five scientific contributions of the early Sumerians. 3.

4 4. The earliest form of writing was developed in the Mesopotamian region. An example of writing on the clay tablet is to the left. 5. Below is an artist s rendering of an ancient Mesopotamian city. What city is it (a) and give two reasons (b and c) from the picture why you believe so. Part IV Short Answer (20) Answer 4 of the following. 1. What was the early Sumerian attitude to their gods and how did it differ from their distant neighbors, the Egyptians? 2. Identify five scientific contributions of the early Sumerians. 3. What was Hammurabi s Code, and what role did it play in the lives of the ancient Babylonians? Identify some of the different aspects of life covered and the equalities or inequalities found in the code. 4. Summarize the system the Persians used to administer their enormous empire. 5. Identify the similarities and differences of ziggurats and pyramids. 6. Identify three reasons why people migrated to the Fertile Crescent about 5000 B.C. and two reasons why it was and is a source of conflict even to this day. 7. Why were the ancient Assyrians such an effective military force in ancient Mesopotamia? What were some of their tactics and weapons?

5 Answer Key Name: Part I Part II Part III a b

Study Guide Chapter 4 Mesopotamia

Study Guide Chapter 4 Mesopotamia 1) silt: fine particles of fertile soil 2) irrigation: a system that supplies dry land with water through ditches, pipes, or streams Key Vocabulary Terms: 11) tribute: