Judaism: Judaism over the Centuries Notes**

Transcription

1 Name Period Judaism: Judaism over the Centuries Notes** After Romans conquer, Israelites argue amongst themselves Many Jews are sick of foreign rulers Attempt to regain control of themselves Trying to rebuild the Kingdom of Israel Zealots spring up Zealots most rebellious people Zealots felt they should answer to God only Not Romans 66CE Zealots lead Jews in a Revolt Not successful 70CE Romans destroy Second Temple Jews lose will to fight and surrender 73CE Romans capture Zealots at Masada, which officially ends Revolt Romans killed many Jews Took many surviving Jews to Rome to be slaves Romans took over Jerusalem Jewish Migration - Many Jews moving out of Jerusalem 130sCE Jews launch a second revolt Romans defeat them again After 2 nd revolt, all Jews banned in Jerusalem Leads to more intense migration Now synagogues are more important Rabbis become more important Rabbi Jewish Religious Teacher Responsible for interpreting and teaching the Torah One of the most important Rabbis was Yohanan ben Zaccai Taught and influenced other Rabbis Many Jews moved all over the world Not always by choice They moved to Asia and Europe Jews all over the world Rather than concentrated in their homeland Jews found themselves discriminated against Jews everywhere share the same basic beliefs

2 However, there are differences some places Eastern Europe Ashkenazim Developed their own language (Yiddish) Separated from their non-jewish neighbors Western Europe Sephardim Developed their own language (Ladino) Mixed with non-jewish neighbors Golden Age of Jewish Culture ( CE) Hanukkah falls in December Honors rededication of Second Temple During time of Maccabees Story of Hanukkah They wanted to celebrate a great victory about being allowed to keep their religion. During the ceremony, there was not enough oil to perform the entire ritual. Miraculously, the oil they had (enough for only one day) burned for 8 days! Jews celebrate this day by lighting a Menorah They also exchange gifts on those eight days Passover is a very important Jewish holiday Falls in either March or April Passover is a celebration of the Exodus A legend of Passover: The Hebrews left Egypt so fast that the bakers did not have enough time to let their bread rise. Therefore, Jews eat a flat bread known as matzo. They also eat a Seder meal, which is a traditional meal when they remember the Exodus. High Holy Days are the two most sacred days of the Jewish year Take place in either September or October Rosh Hashanah celebrates Jewish New Year Yom Kippur is the holiest day of the year Jews ask God to forgive them of their sins Sin something you did that was wrong They fast all day no food or drink

3 Name Period Judaism: Judaism over the Centuries Notes* After Romans conquer, argue amongst themselves spring up most rebellious people Zealots lead Jews in a Revolt Romans destroy Second Temple Jews lose will to fight and Romans capture Zealots at Masada, which officially ends - Many Jews moving out of Jerusalem Jews launch a second revolt defeat them again After 2 nd revolt, all Jews banned in Leads to more intense become more important Jewish Religious Teacher Responsible for interpreting and teaching the Many moved all over the world Jews found themselves against Eastern Europe Developed their own language ( ) Separated from their non-jewish

4 Western Europe Developed their own language ( ) with non-jewish neighbors Golden Age of Jewish ( CE) falls in December Honors rededication of Second Jews celebrate this day by lighting a They also exchange on those eight days is a very important Jewish holiday Falls in either or April Passover is a celebration of the are the two most sacred days of the Jewish year Take place in either September or celebrates Jewish New Year is the holiest day of the year Jews ask to forgive them of their sins something you did that was wrong They all day no food or drink

5 Name Period Judaism: Judaism over the Centuries Notes After Romans conquer, argue amongst spring up Zealots Zealots lead Jews in a Romans destroy Second lose will to fight and Romans capture Zealots at, which officially ends Jewish Migration - Jews launch a second defeat them again After 2 nd revolt, all banned in Leads to more intense become more important Rabbi Responsible for and teaching the Many moved all over the found themselves against Eastern Europe Developed their own language ( ) Separated from their non-jewish

6 Western Europe Developed their own language ( ) with non-jewish neighbors Golden Age of Jewish ( CE) falls in December Honors rededication of Jews celebrate this day by lighting a They also exchange on those eight days is a very important Jewish holiday Falls in either or is a celebration of the are the two most sacred days of the year Take place in either or celebrates Jewish is the holiest day of the year Jews ask to forgive them of their Sin They all day no or