Judaism: The Early Hebrews**
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1 Name Period Date Judaism: The Early Hebrews** Between 2000BCE and 1500BCE a new group appears in Southwest Asia o Called Hebrews o Simple Herders and Desert Nomads They develop a culture that eventually influences many cultures and nations today! Most information comes from Hebrew writings o Hebrew Bible - Tanakh Torah, Nebi im, and Katuvim Laws, Prophets, and Writings of Judaism o Judaism - The religion of the Hebrews Tanakh is essentially the Old Testament of the Christian Bible Hebrews trace themselves to Abraham o Abraham grew up in Ur God told Abraham to move o Abraham moved to the land of Canaan Modern Day Israel and Palestine o Abraham began probably the world s first monotheistic religion Hebrews lived in Canaan for many years Some Hebrews eventually moved to Egypt o Possible famine in Canaan Hebrews thrived in Egypt o Too much for the Pharaoh s liking Pharaoh became worried the Hebrews would become too powerful o Makes the Hebrews slaves Around 1200sBCE Moses appears o God tells Moses to lead the Hebrews out of Egypt Pharaoh refuses to let the Hebrews go o Possibly Ramses the Great The 10 Plagues befall Egypt Plagues frighten the Pharaoh o Allows the Hebrews to leave Moses leads the Exodus of the Hebrews o This proved existence of God to Hebrews Story of the Exodus is significant to Hebrews o And other people as well Provided hope for enslaved people Hebrews wander in desert for approximately 40 years During wanderings, they come to Mt. Sinai At Mt. Sinai, God gives Moses the 10 Commandments 10 Commandments shape how Jewish people live their lives today! After reaching land of Canaan, Hebrews must fight for their land o They conquer and recover their land o Now, they are called Israelites
2 Some important ancient Israelites: o Saul the first Israelite king o David One of the greatest kings of Israel Killed Goliath in a battle with a slingshot David set the capital city at Jerusalem and expanded Israel s land o Solomon Expanded Israelite trade, making the country extremely wealthy Built a magnificent temple for the Hebrews Temple became center of Jewish life 930BCE Solomon dies o Israelites fight amongst themselves for power Two kingdoms form o Judah (South) and Israel (North) 722BCE Assyrians conquer both kingdoms o People are scattered Babylonians invade and conquer in 586BCE o Capture Jerusalem and destroy the Temple o Transport the Jews to Babylon Babylonian Captivity lasts about 50 years 530sBCE Persians conquer Babylonians o Allow Jews back to their homeland The Jews that returned rebuilt their Temple Second Temple o Remained under Persian control until 330BCE Alexander the Great conquers 160sBCE Maccabees family revolts o Israelites rule themselves for ~100 years 63BCE Romans conquer o Romans were intolerant of Jewish beliefs o Life was difficult for the Jews Eventually people rebelled against the Romans o Not very successful As with most ancient societies, Hebrew society was ruled by men Women had few rights o Had to obey husbands and fathers o Husbands were chosen by fathers, not women o Women could not inherit property Two important Hebrew women were Queen Esther and Judge Deborah o Great military and political leaders o Saved Hebrew people from invaders
3 Name Period Date Judaism: The Early Hebrews* Between and a new group appears in Southwest Asia o Called Most information comes from Hebrew o Hebrew Bible -, Nebi im, and Katuvim Laws, Prophets, and of Judaism o - The religion of the Hebrews Hebrews trace themselves to o Abraham began probably the world s first religion Some Hebrews eventually moved to Pharaoh became worried the Hebrews would become too o Makes the slaves Around Moses appears Moses leads the of the Hebrews o This proved existence of to Hebrews Story of the is significant to Hebrews At Mt., God gives Moses the 10 Commandments 10 shape how Jewish people live their lives today! After reaching land of, Hebrews must fight for their land o They conquer and their land o Now, they are called
4 Some important ancient : o - the first Israelite king o - One of the greatest kings of Israel set the capital city at Jerusalem and expanded Israel s land o - Expanded Israelite trade, making the country extremely wealthy Built a magnificent for the Hebrews became the center of Jewish life Solomon dies kingdoms form o Judah ( ) and Israel ( ) Assyrians conquer both kingdoms invade and conquer in 586BCE o Capture and destroy the Temple Captivity lasts about 50 years Persians conquer Babylonians o Allow back to their homeland The Jews that returned rebuilt their Temple Temple o Remained under Persian control until the Great conquers Romans conquer As with most ancient societies, Hebrew society was ruled by had few rights Two important Hebrew women were Queen and Judge o Great military and political o Saved people from invaders
5 Name Period Date Judaism: The Early Hebrews Between and a new group appears in Asia o Called Most information comes from Hebrew o Hebrew Bible -, Nebi im, and, Prophets, and of Judaism o Judaism - Hebrews trace themselves to o began probably the world s first religion Some Hebrews eventually moved to became worried the Hebrews would become too o Makes the slaves Around Moses appears leads the of the Hebrews o This proved existence of to Hebrews Story of the is significant to Hebrews At Mt., God gives Moses the shape how people live their lives today! After reaching land of, Hebrews must for their land o They conquer and their land o Now, they are called
6 Some important ancient : o - the first Israelite king o - One of the greatest kings of set the capital city at and expanded Israel s land o - Expanded Israelite trade, making the country extremely Built a magnificent for the Hebrews became the center of life Solomon dies kingdoms form o Judah ( ) and Israel ( ) conquer both kingdoms invade and conquer in o Capture and destroy the Captivity lasts about conquer Babylonians o Allow back to their homeland The Jews that returned rebuilt their Temple o Remained under Persian control until conquers conquer As with most ancient societies, Hebrew society was ruled by had few rights Two important Hebrew women were Queen and Judge o Great military and political o Saved people from invaders
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