Chapter 11 (Hebrew Numbers) Goals

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1 Chapter 11 (Hebrew Numbers) Goals 11-1 Goal: When you encounter a number in a text, to be able to figure it out with the help of a lexicon. Symbols in the apparatus Ordinal Numbers written out in the text Cardinal Numbers written out in the text Masculine vs. Feminine Absolute vs. Construct 1, 2, 3-10, teens, decades, higher numbers You only need to memorize the numbers that are listed in the vocabulary section.

2 Chapter 11 (Hebrew Numbers) Agenda 11-2 Number symbols in the apparatus Ordinal numbers (first, second, ) Cardinal numbers (one, two, ) Practice translating

3 Number Symbols in the Apparatus 11-3 The Biblical text always spells out the numbers. E.g., one, two, three Rabbinic notes in the side margins and footnotes of Hebrew Bibles use symbols for numbers Modern symbols are 1, 2, 3 Rabbinic symbols are consonants with dots over them = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 א, ב, ג, ד, ה, ו, ז, ח, ט, 80, 90 30, = 10, 20, י, כ, ל, מ, נ, ס, ע, פ, צ,, ,200 =,100 ק, ר, ש, ת, ך, ם, ן, ף, ץ The system continues, using two dots on top.

4 Hebrew Ordinal Numbers 11-4 Ordinal numbers are first, second, third, etc. 1 st through 10 th are adjectives Usually attributive adjectives, so they follow the noun and match in gender, number, and definiteness. E.g., ה י ום ה ר א ש ון the first day E.g., ה י ום ה ש בי עי the seventh day Usually with a definite noun 11 th and higher use cardinal numbers ב ש נ ת ה א ר ב עים E.g., in the year of the forty in the fortieth year

5 Masculine and Feminine Ordinal Numbers Masculine Feminine First רא ש ון רא ש ונ ה Second ש ני ש נית 11-5 Third ש לי שי ש לי שית Fourth ר בי עי ר בי ע ית Fifth ח מי שי ח מי שית Sixth ששי ששית Seventh ש בי עי ש בי ע ית Eighth ש מיני ש מינית Ninth ת שי עי ת שי ע ית Tenth ע שירי ע שירית

6 Cardinal Numbers 11-6 Cardinal Numbers are one, two, three, etc. One is an attributive adjective. It follows its noun and agrees in gender, number, and definiteness. It is sometimes used as an indefinite article. man one man = a = א י ש א ח ד Two through Ten are nouns. They have both masculine and feminine forms. The have absolute and construct forms Higher numbers (20, 30, etc.) are nouns with no gender.

7 Gender of Cardinal Numbers 11-7 The digits 1-10 have gender. Higher digits have no gender. (E.g., 20, 30, 40) Digits 1&2 match the gender of the noun E.g., בן א ח ד one son vs. ב ת א ח ת one daughter Digits 3-10 have the opposite gender of the noun E.g., ש ל ש ה ב נים three sons ש ל ש ב נ ות vs. Called chiastic concord three daughters Some computer databases call ש ל ש ה masculine, etc., so that they can say that the number matches the gender of the noun that it counts.

8 Cardinal Numbers 1-10 &, Absolute & Construct 11-8 א ח ת ש ת י One Masculine Feminine Absolute Construct Absolute Construct א ח ת א ח ד א ח ד ש ת י ם ש נ י ש נ י ם Two Three ש ל ש ש ל ש ש ל ש ה ש ל שת Four א ר ב ע א ר ב ע א ר ב עה א ר ב עת Five ח מ ש ח מ ש ח מש ה ח מ שת Six ש ש ש ש שש ה ש שת Seven ש ב ע ש ב ע שב עה שב עת Eight ש מ נה ש מ נה ש מ נ ה ש מ נ ת Nine ת ש ע ת ש ע ת ש עה ת ש עת Ten ע שר ע שר ע ש רה ע ש רת

9 Cardinal Numbers Above Ten through 19 ( ) א ח ת ע ש ר ה ( ) and א ח ד ע ש ר ten one = 11 ( ) ש ל ש ע ש ר ה & ( ) ש ל ש ה ע ש ר ten three = 13 Decades (20, 30, 90) Spelled as masculine plural of the unit. ש ל שים = 30 so, ש ל ש = 3 21 through 99 Usually 20 and 1, but occasionally 1 and 20 These slides omit many details.

10 Practice Translating Numbers 1 ו י ח י א ד ם ש ל ש ים ומ א ת ש נ ה (5:3a (Gen Adam lived 3-plural and 100 year Adam lived 130 years ו י חי ש ת ח מ ש ש נ ים ומ א ת ש נ ה ( 5:6a (Gen Seth lived 5 years and 100 year Seth lived 105 years

11 Practice Translating Numbers ו י ח י א נ ו ש ת ש ע ים ש נ ה ( 5:9a (Gen Enosh lived 9-plural year Enosh lived 90 years ו י ח י מ ה ל ל א ל ח מ ש ש נ ים ו שש ים ש נ ה (5:15a (Gen Mehalalel lived 5 years and 6-plural year Mehalalel lived 65 years

12 Practice Translating Numbers ו יה י ו כ ל י מ י מ ת ו ש ל ח ת ש ע ו ששים ש נ ה ות ש ע מ א ות ש נ ה ( 5:27a (Gen 9 and 6-plural year and year All the days of Methuselah were 969 years ו י חי ל מ ך ש ת ים ו ש מ נ ים ש נ ה ומ א ת ש נ ה (5:28a (Gen Lamech lived 2 and 8-plural year and 100 year Lamech lived 182 years

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