HALLUCINATION AS PSYCHOTIC SYMPTOM REFLECTED IN ARONOFSKY S BLACK SWAN MOVIE (2010): A PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH

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1 HALLUCINATION AS PSYCHOTIC SYMPTOM REFLECTED IN ARONOFSKY S BLACK SWAN MOVIE (2010): A PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH RESEARCH PAPER Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of Requirement for Getting Bachelor Degree of Education in English Department Proposed by: FITRIAYU DIAH HARINI A SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA 2012

2 APPROVAL HALLUCINATION AS PSYCHOTIC SYMPTOM REFLECTED IN ARONOFSKY S BLACK SWAN MOVIE (2010): A PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH RESEARCH PAPER Proposed by: FITAYU DIAH HARINI A Approved by First Consultant Second Consultant Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum, M. Ed NIK.772 Titis Setyabudi, S. S., M. Hum. NIK.948 ii

3 ACCEPTANCE HALLUCINATION AS PSYCHOTIC SYMPTOM REFLECTED IN ARONOFSKY S BLACK SWAN MOVIE (2010): A PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH by FITRIAYU DIAH HARINI A Accepted by the Board of Examiners School of Teacher Training and Education Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta Team of Examiners 1. Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum, M. Ed (..) (Chair Person) 2. Titis Setyabudi, S.S., M. Hum. (..) (Member I) 3. Drs. M Thoyibi, M.S (..) (Member II) The Dean of Teacher Training and Education Faculty Drs. H. Sofyan Anif, M. Si NIK: 547 iii

4 TESTIMONY Herewith, the writer asserts that there is no work which was submitted to get bachelor degree in any universities. In this research paper as far as the writer concerns there is no work or opinion which was written or published by someone else except the written references which are referred in this paper and mentioned in the bibliography. If only there is any incorrectness proved in the future in the writer statements above, she will be fully responsible. Surakarta, Februari 2012 Fitriayu Diah Harini iv

5 MOTTO Human is nothing without the intervention of Allah (Hepi swan) Dan sebaik-baik manusia adalah orang yang paling bermanfaat bagi manusia. (HR. Thabrani dan Daruquthni) Barang ketok kok ora iso (My Father) What is not started today is never finished tomorrow (Johann Wolfgang) Mimpi adalah separuh dari kenyata an (Andrea Hirata) Tua itu takdir dan menjadi dewasa adalah pilihan (Sony Sumantri) Salah satu pengkerdilan terkejam dalam hidup adalah membiarkan pikiran yang cemerlang menjadi budak bagi tubuh yang malas, yang mendahulukan istirahat sebelum lelah. (Mario Teguh) v

6 DEDICATION Alhamdulillahi Robbil Alamin, as Allah Mercy. I gretfully dedicate this research paper to: Allah SWT,, thanks for always guiding me all the time. My beloved Babe and Mami, thanks for everything. My family,, thanks t for nice affection. My lovely boyfriend, thanks for purity of your heart. My friend, thanks for creating crazy things in my life. vi

7 ACKNOWLEDGMENT Assalamualaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarokatuh First and foremost, the writer would like to express gratitude and say Alhamdulillahirabbil alamin to Allah SWT, the most gracious, most Merciful, and compassionate so that the writer can finish the research paper as a partial fulfillment of the requirement of getting a Bachelor degree of Education in English Department. The writer is fully aware that this research paper could not be finished without the other people s help. Therefore, the writer would like to express her gratitude and appreciation to: 1. Drs. H. Sofyan Anif, M.Si, the Dean of School of Teacher Training and Education of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta. 2. Titis Setyabudi, S.S., M. Hum, the Chief of English Department in Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta. 3. Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum, M. Ed, the first consultant who has guided and given advices during the arrangement of this research paper. 4. Titis Setyabudi, S.S., M. Hum, the second consultant who has corrected this research paper and given suggestion for the writer and also as the Academic Consultant who has guided and helped the writer during the study. 5. All lecturers in English Department of UMS for quenching her thirst of English knowledge. 6. Her great parents, Harto Soleh and Nur Hidayati, who never stop to give her their love, prayer, and support in her life. They are her spirit and her reason to be the best in everithing. She loves them so much ever after. 7. Her lovely sister and brother, Wiwiet and Dinda, for their support and attention. 8. Her dearest one Om Agung, who always accompanies her with beautiful memories, thank you for all the sacrifices, patience, and loving her. vii

8 9. Her best friends Reniawati, for the crazy things we ever do and the time we share together. 10. Her dearest friends in Valentine boardinghouse. It is very wonderful to spend the time with you all guys. 11. All her friends in English Department, especially for Class F. 12. The GD s drama club and Rapma Fm 2008 th grade. 13. His friends in Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta and the other person that she cannot mention one by one, for being part of the writer life. 14. Those who have supported her to reach her dream. Finally, the writer entirely realizes that her paper is far from being perfect. Therefore, the writer is very pleased to accept more suggestions and criticism for progress of this research paper. Wassalamualaikum Wr. Wb. Surakarta, March 2012 Fitriayu Diah H viii

9 TABLE OF CONTENT COVER... APPROVAL ACCEPTANCE TESTIMONY..... MOTTO DEDICATION i ii iii iv v vi ACKNOWLEDGMENT..... vii TABLE OF CONTENT..... ix TABLE OF FIGURES..... xiii SUMMARY xvi CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION A. Background of the Study... 1 B. Literature Review C. Problem Statement D. Limitation of the Study E. Objective of the Study F. Benefit of the Study G. Research Method H. Research Paper Organization CHAPTER II UNDERLYING THEORY A. Notion of Psychoanalytic ix

10 B. System of Personality Id Ego Superego C. Psychosis 19 D. Hallucination Visual Hallucination Auditory Hallucination Command Hallucination Olfactory Hallucination Tactile Hallucination Gustatory Hallucination.25 E. Structure Element of the Movie Narrative Elements a. Character and Characterization b. Casting c. Plot d. Setting e. Point of View f. Theme g. Message/ Intent Technical Element a. Mise en Scene x

11 b. Cinematography c. Sound d. Editing F. Theoretical Application CHAPTER III STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS A. Structural Element Narrative Element a. Character and Characterization b. Casting c. Plot d. Setting e. Point of View f. Theme g. Intent/Message Technical Elements a. Mise en Scene b. Cinematography c. Sound d. Editing B. Discussion CHAPTER IV PSYCHOANALYTIC ANALYSIS A. Psychoanalytic Analysis of Nina A. Id xi

12 B. Ego C. Superego B. Hallucination as Psychotic symptom Visual Hallucination Auditory Hallucination Command Hallucination Olfactory Hallucination Tactile Hallucination Gustatory Hallucination 90 C. Discussion 90 CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION A. Conclusion B. Suggestion BIBLIOGRAPHY VIRTUAL REFERENCES APPENDIX xii

13 TABLE OF FIGURES Figure 1. Nina Sayers Figure 2. Lily Figure 3. Beth Figure 4. Erica Sayers Figure 5. Thomas Leroy Figure 6. The setting of time Figure 7. New York City Ballet Company Figure 8. The Auditorium Figure 9. The Bar Figure 10. Nina s bedroom Figure 11 Nina s house Figure 12.The Stage Figure 13. Point of view Figure 14. Point of view Figure 15. The suit for daily life Figure 16. The suit for party Figure 17. The suit for ballet dancer Figure 18 The make up for a white swan Figure 19. The make up for a black swan Figure 20. Soft lighting Figure 21. Strong lighting xiii

14 Figure 22. Strong lighting Figure 23. Strong lighting Figure 24. Natural lighting Figure 25. Set dressing of Nina s house Figure 26. Set dressing of Nina s house Figure 27. Set dressing of Nina s room Figure 28. Set dressing of dressing room Figure 29. Set dressing of the bar Figure 30. Set dressing of the auditorium Figure 31. The stage Figure 32. The stage Figure 33. Straight angel Figure 34. High angel...66 Figure 35. Low angel Figure 36. Long shot Figure 37. Medium shot Figure 38. Medium lose up Figure 39. Close up Figure 40. Extreme close up Figure 41. The editing Figure 42. The editing Figure 43. The editing Figure 44. The editing xiv

15 Figure 45. Nina enters Beth s room Figure 46. Nina closes the door Figure 47. Nina takes Beth s lipstick Figure 48. Nina puts lipstick on her pocket Figure 49. Lily Figure 50. Nina Figure 51. Nina sees herself Figure 52. Nina stabs herself Figure 53. Tactile hallucination Figure 54. Sexual stimulation Figure 55. Fused toes Figure 56. Nina s feathers Figure 57. Twisted legs xv

16 SUMMARY FITRIAYU DIAH HARINI. A HALLUCINATION AS PSYCHOTIC SYMPTOM REFLECTED IN ARONOFSKY S BLACK SWAN MOVIE (2010): A PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH. MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA. RESEARCH PAPER The major problem of this study is to reveal that hallucination can be a psychotic symptom that caused by many problems based on the structural elements and to analyze the play based on the psychoanalytic approach. In analyzing Black Swan the writer uses qualitative method and psychoanalytic approach. The object of the study is Aronofsky s Black Swan released The writer uses two kinds of data, namely primary and secondary data source. The primary data is Black Swan. While secondary data are the other data which have relationship with the study, such as some biography of the author, the articles from internet, the books and the other relevant information. The benefit of this study is that the research can enrich knowledge of the researcher and other reader who have interest in literary work on movie with a psychoanalytic approach. Aronofsky in Black Swan shows that people have limitation in psyche and they should have a balance between id, ego and superego to get psychological health. Nina Sayers, as the major character describes and shows the effects of psychological disorder in form of hallucination that closely xvi