TO CAPTURE. The hunt. the real ISLAM. Preparing for Tomorrow Raising Pious Children. The Hunt to Capture the Real Islam

Transcription

1 OCTOBER VOL ISSUE TEN The hunt TO CAPTURE the real ISLAM The Promised Messiah of the Latter Days The Hunt to Capture the Real Islam Preparing for Tomorrow Raising Pious Children A Turning Point in History - Karbala

2 The Promised Messiah as & imam mahdi The Holy Prophet Muhammad sa prophesied that the Promised Messiah as would be raised near a white minaret, east of Damascus. This prophecy was fulfilled with the advent of the Promised Messiah as from Qadian, India, a city directly east of Damascus. founder of the review of religions makhzan-e-tasaweer Hazrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad as, the Promised Messiah and Mahdi was born to a noble family in Qadian, India. From an early age he had a keen interest in religion and developed a love for the Holy Prophet Muhammad sa. He was also known for his honesty, friendliness and resolve. Over time his knowledge and understanding of religion and its application to society deepened. Being a Muslim it was his firm belief that all religions were true at their source but with the passage of time had drifted away from their original teachings; he upheld the dignity of religion and demonstrated its relevance to everyone. His earnest defence of religion was ultimately blessed when he started to receive direct revelation from Allah a blessing that he continued for the rest of his life. His mission was to revitalise the truth that all religions held within them and to revive the teachings of Islam. It was through this that he would bring mankind together and establish everlasting peace. In 1889, under Divine Guidance, Hazrat Ahmad as founded the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community a community that has since grown in its stature and strength and has remained active in conveying the message of Islam to the ends of the earth. Hazrat Ahmad as had established himself as a respected writer and had written over 80 books. His writings have been translated into more than 60 languages and continue to inspire readers to this day. One of his greatest scholarly works was The Philosophy of the Teachings of Islam, prepared as a paper and read out at the Conference of Great Religions in He also wrote a fascinating treatise in 1899 entitled Jesus in India, a book that uncovered remarkable evidence of Jesus s as journey to India. In 1902, the Promised Messiah as initiated The Review of Religions which has covered a vast array of topics on religion, philosophy and contemporary issues of the day. It is the longest running English magazine in defence of Islam and the values it teaches. From 1889 until the time of his demise in 1908 tens of thousands of people accepted him. This blessing has continued and will continue through his Khulafa (successors). Currently under the fifth successor, we are seeing that the tide of acceptance is worldwide and that the message of Prophet Ahmad as has really reached the ends of the earth.

3 WORLD FAITHS Husband and Wife And one of His Signs is this, that He has created wives for you from among yourselves that you may find peace of mind in them, and He has put love and tenderness between you. In that surely are Signs for a people who reflect. ISLAM, THE HOLY QUR AN, 30:22 The best among you is he who is best towards his wife and I am the best among you towards my wives. ISLAM, HADITH, SUNAN IBN MAJAH, HADITH 1977 The relationship between a husband and wife should be like two true and sincere friends. After all, it is the wife who is the primary witness of a man s high moral qualities and his relationship with God Almighty. If his relationship with his wife is not good, how can he be at peace with God? The Holy Prophet sa said, The best among you is he who is best towards his wife. ISLAM, HAZRAT MIRZA GHULAM AHMAD AS, MALFUZAT, VOL. 2, P. 2 He who loves his wife as himself; who honors her more than himself; who rears his children in the right path, and who marries them off at the proper time of their life, concerning him it is written: And you will know that your home is at peace. JUDAISM, TALMUD, YEBAMOT 62 A good wife who can find? She is far more precious than jewels. The heart of her husband trusts in her, and he will have no lack of gain. She does him good, and not harm, all the days of her life. CHRISTIANITY, THE BIBLE, PROVERBS 31, The moral man finds the moral law beginning in the relation between man and woman, but ending in the vast reaches of the universe. HINDUISM, GARUDA PURANA 112 Not those are true husband and wife that with each other (merely) consort: Truly wedded are those that in two frames, are as one light. SIKHISM, ADI GRANTH, VAR- SUHI-KI, M3, P. 788

4 CONTENTS OCTOBER 2017 VOL ISSUE TEN 8 The Promised Messiah of the Latter Days HAZRAT MIRZA GHULAM AHMAD AS, THE PROMISED MESSIAH AND IMAM MAHDI 12 The Hunt to Capture the Real Islam We are passing through uncertain times and the world especially the media attribute this unrest to the religion of Islam. Yet it is actually Islam which is the solution to the world s problems. HAZRAT MIRZA MASROOR AHMAD ABA, WORLDWIDE HEAD OF THE AHMADIYYA MUSLIM COMMUNITY 40 A Glimpse into the Life of the Holy Prophet Muhammad sa 42 Preparing for Tomorrow Raising Pious Children Islam assigned women the ultimate responsibility to raise the generation of tomorrow. A morally trained child becomes the upright citizen who contributes to society. HAZRAT MIRZA MASROOR AHMAD ABA, WORLDWIDE HEAD OF THE AHMADIYYA MUSLIM COMMUNITY 60 A Turning Point in History - Karbala Muharram is the first month of the Islamic calendar, but rather than jubilation, this month dawns with the reminder of one of the most tragic events in the history of Islam; namely the martyrdom of Imam Hussain ra, the beloved grandson of the Holy Prophet sa and also many of his family members. MUHAMMAD TAHIR NADEEM, FARNHAM, UK 78 Divine Decree and Punishment If everything in our lives is predetermined, then why is there a need to do anything at all? Surely, it will after come to pass as it has already been decreed? Questions similar to this are all tackled by the founder of the Ahmadiyya Community HAZRAT MIRZA GHULAM AHMAD AS, THE PROMISED MESSIAH & IMAM MAHDI Front cover picture: nampix shutterstock

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6 WORLD CRISIS and the Pathway to PEACE MIRZA MASROOR AHMAD The world is passing through turbulent times. The global economic crisis continues to manifest new and grave dangers at every juncture. The similarities of the current circumstances to the build-up of the Second World War are stark. Events appear to be moving us rapidly towards a Third World War. The consequences of a nuclear war are beyond our imagination. In this book, the historic addresses of Hazrat Mirza Masroor Ahmad aba, Fifth Khalifah of the Promised Messiah as and Supreme Head of the worldwide Ahmadiyya Muslim Community, to prominent dignitaries at Capitol Hill, the House of Commons, the European Parliament and other notable locations around the world have been collated. The book also includes the momentous letters sent by His Holiness to the numerous world leaders. Over and over again, His Holiness has reminded all that the only means of averting a global catastrophe is for nations to establish justice as an absolute requirement of their dealings with others. Even if mutual enmity exists, impartiality must be observed at all times, because history has taught us that this alone is the way to eliminate all traces of hatred and to build everlasting peace. Read online at: Purchase the book here:

7 MANAGEMENT BOARD Munir-Ud-Din Shams (Chairman), Syed Amer Safir (Secretary), Mubarak Ahmad Zaffar, Abdul Baqi Arshad, Ataul Mujeeb Rashed, Naseer Qamar, Abid Waheed Ahmad Khan, Aziz Ahmad Bilal CHIEF EDITOR & MANAGER Syed Amer Safir ASSOCIATE EDITORS Nakasha Ahmad, Tariq H. Malik EDITORIAL BOARD Mansoor Saqi, Bockarie Tommy Kallon, Professor Amtul Razzaq Carmichael, Murtaza Ahmad, Fiona O Keefe, Hassan Wahab, Jonathan Butterworth, Munazza Khan, Waqar Ahmedi, Mahida Javed RELIGION & SCIENCE Editor: Dr. Syed Muhammad Tahir Nasser Deputy: Dr. Tauseef Khan SUB-EDITORS Munawara Ghauri (Head), Maryam Malik, Nusrat Haq, Mariam Rahman ISLAM & CONTEMPORARY ISSUES Editor: Shahzad Ahmad Deputy: Zafir Malik LAW & HUMAN RIGHTS Editor: Qudsi Rasheed Deputy: Ayesha Mahmood Malik ANCIENT RELIGIONS & ARCHAEOLOGY Editor: Fazal Ahmad Deputy: Rizwan Safir CHRISTIANITY Editor: Navida Sayed Deputy: Arif Khan PROOFREADERS Farhana Dar (Head), Hina Rehman, Amina Abbasi, Aisha Patel HOUSE STYLE GUIDE Maleeha Ahmad (Head), Sadia Shah SOCIAL MEDIA Tazeen Ahmad (Head), Mala Khan (Deputy), Nudrat Ahmad, Hajra Ahmad, Mishall Rahman, Shumaila Ahmad PRINT DESIGN AND LAYOUT Ahsan Khan INTERNATIONAL SUBSCRIPTION & DISTRIBUTION Muhammad Hanif WOMEN S SECTION Editor: Aliya Latif Deputy: Meliha Hayat BOOK REVIEWS Editor: Sarah Waseem WEB TEAM Mubashra Ahmad, Hibba Turrauf SPECIAL COLLECTIONS Head: Razwan Baig ACCOUNTS & MARKETING Musa Sattar ART & CREATIVITY Zubair Hayat, Musawer Din INDEXING, TAGGING & ARCHIVING Mirza Krishan Ahmad (Head). Amtus Shakoor Tayyaba Ahmed (Deputy). Humaira Omer, Humda Sohail, Shahid Malik, Ruhana Hamood, Mubahil Shakir, Adila Bari, Hassan Raza Ahmad

8 The Promised Messiah as & imam mahdi (guided one) founder of the review of religions Hazrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad as

9 The Promised Messiah of the Latter Days Whenever the love of God begins to disappear from the world and true inner virtue begins to languish because of heedlessness, God confers His revelation upon one of His servants and raises him to cleanse the hearts. So in the present age it is my humble self whom God has purified by His own hand and raised for this task. It is my humble self who has been raised to sow the seed of true righteousness in the hearts of people, in the same way that a pure and holy man of God was raised about nineteen hundred years ago in the settlements of Galilee, during the era of the Roman Empire, to show the path to true salvation. During the administration of Pilate, he suffered greatly at the hands of the Jews and consequently was forced to migrate from those lands in accordance with the eternal practice of God. Thereafter, he came to India in order to convey the message of God Almighty to those Jews who had settled in these lands during the diaspora. Finally, at the age of 120, he bade farewell to this temporal abode and returned to his True Beloved, granting the land of Kashmir an eternal honour through his holy shrine. 1 endnotes 1. Hazrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad as, The Truth Unveiled (Tilford, Surrey: Islam International Publications, 1993), 19.

10 The HONOUR of PROPHETS The HONOUR of PROPHETS HAZRAT MIRZA GHULAM AHMAD HAZRAT MIRZA GHULAM AHMAD The Promised Messiah and Mahdi Founder of the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community

11 NEW BOOK The HONOUR of PROPHETS Every human being seeks salvation in some form or another. The concept of salvation holds pivotal importance in matters of religion. A faith unable to deliver its followers from sin is worthless, yet the progress and benefit of society depends on this very salvation. So where should one turn to attain it? In this work, Mirza Ghulam Ahmad of Qadian, the Promised Messiah and Mahdi, explains that since human nature is weak, salvation can only be attained through a mediator who, owing to their perfect relationship with God and deep sympathy for humanity, can serve as a link between God and man. In every era, God has conferred salvation upon humanity through His prophets, but none can match the unparalleled status held by the Prophet of Islam in this respect, who was the paragon of perfection. In the present age, it is this pure and blessed prophet who is the only intercessor that can grant humanity a living relationship with God and free mankind from the shackles of sin. The author presents an exquisite exposition on the philosophy of divine intercession, sinlessness, forgiveness, human frailty and his advent as the Promised Messiah.

12 The Hunt to Capture the Real Islam CONCLUDING ADDRESS DELIVERED BY HAZRAT MIRZA MASROOR AHMAD, KHALIFATUL MASIH V ABA, WORLDWIDE HEAD OF THE AHMADIYYA MUSLIM COMMUNITY, ON THE OCCASION OF JALSA SALANA UK (ANNUAL CONVENTION), SATURDAY, JULY 29, 2017 AT HADEEQATUL MAHDI (ALTON) After the recitation of Tashahhud, Taawwuz, and Surah Al-Fatihah, His Holiness aba stated: Whenever I attend an event to which non-muslims have been invited and I present the beautiful, peaceful teachings of Islam, most people ask in amazement: Is this really the teaching of Islam? This reaction and this question is not limited to those living in a [specific] country; rather, it is invariably demonstrated in all countries. Nowadays, the Jama ats [national administrative organizations of the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community] of various countries, within their respective administrative scopes, are distributing leaflets portraying the peaceful teachings of Islam. As I mentioned in yesterday s report, in every country these leaflets are now being distributed in the hundreds of thousands. On such occasions, everyone [who becomes aware of this] expresses the same astonishment and says that the media depicts Islam in a completely different manner to how you portray it. Using the actions of a few extremist groups, the media has defamed the religion of Islam throughout the world to such an extent that these same [sentiments] have been expressed by people living in the most remote regions of Africa to those living in America. In short, according to the [majority of the] non-muslim world, those living in the islands of South America, Australia, Europe and Japan, blame Muslims and the teachings of Islam for the chaos, disorder and lack of peace in the world, 12 THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS OCTOBER 2017

13 while actually the teachings of Islam are in fact the guarantor for the true peace and security of the world. In the very word Islam, there is a message of security and peace, which readily accords peace and serenity to everyone, without any distinction, discrimination or preference. The beautiful teachings of Islam are such that they eliminate every kind of inferiority or superiority complex and every type of discrimination by declaring that all humans are equal. The Holy Prophet sa proclaimed that an Arab is not superior to a non-arab nor is a non-arab superior to an Arab, and that a white person is not superior to a black person nor a black person to a white person. 1 His Holiness, Hazrat Mirza Masroor Ahmad aba delivers the concluding address at the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community s annual convention in the UK. Makhzan-e-Tasaweer The Holy Prophet sa proclaimed that an Arab is not superior to a non-arab nor is a non-arab superior to an Arab, and that a white person is not superior to a black person nor a black person to a white person. As humans, everyone is equal. Furthermore, Allah the Almighty OCTOBER 2017 THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS 13

14 especially made the Holy Prophet sa the guarantor for peace and security by giving him the title of Mercy for Mankind. It is not possible that the teaching and conduct of the person sent as a mercy for the world could be destructive to the peace and security of the world. Most importantly, Islam believes in the God who is the Lord of all the worlds, the Creator and Sustainer of everything that exists in the universe and the Lord of the followers of all religions. As a matter of fact, God fulfils the worldly needs even of those who do not believe in Him and grants them peace. The God of Islam is the God who states that the concept of God presented by the fundamental teaching of every religion in reality points to One God. He says, I am the provider of everything. Different religions have assigned various names to Him according to the language of the prophet of their respective religion. As a result, some believe that [their] God is different from [those in other religions] and this has resulted in some disputes. Islam has clearly stated that there is no need to quarrel and to slit each other s throats in the name of religion. There is only One God, Who is the God of the Jews as well as the Christians, the Hindus, the Muslims and the followers of other religions. He is the Lord of everyone. Thus, the entire creation belongs to Him and He nurtures all of His creation. His beneficence encompasses everything. If 14 THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS OCTOBER 2017

15 The audience listens while His Holiness aba delivers the concluding address. Thousands come to Alton in the UK every summer to hear the Ahmadiyya Mulim Community s message of peace. Makhzan-e-Tasaweer His beneficence encompasses everyone and to Him alone belongs the entire creation and if He is the Sustainer of everyone, then why do men seek to create disorder on account of their differences in religion or in other matters? In this age, the Promised Messiah as granted us insight into this matter by stating that the foundation of discord and disorder is laid when people or nations develop a superiority complex; when they feel [that] God belongs only to us and that Islam has clearly stated that there is no need to quarrel and to slit each other s throats in the name of religion. There is only one God, Who is the God of Jews as well as the Christians, the Hindus, the Muslims and the followers of other religions. He does not have any relationship with other nations and religions. However, when Islam claims that Our God is: OCTOBER 2017 THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS 15

16 the hunt to capture the real islam i.e., the Lord of all the worlds, 2 it draws our attention to the fact that if the God of each and every one of us is One, the One Who is our Sustainer and Creator, then we must live in peace and harmony with each other. Hence, in one place the Promised Messiah as states: God Almighty begins the Holy Qur an with the following verse which is contained in Surah Al-Fatihah: i.e. All perfect and holy attributes belong exclusively to Allah, 3 Who is the Lord of all the worlds. He [the Promised Messiah as ] goes on to say: The word aalam comprises all kinds of people who exist in all ages and in all countries. The commencement of the Holy Qur an with this verse was designed to counter the views of such individuals who attempted to monopolise God s unlimited providence for their own nation. They imagined that the other nations did not belong to God or that having created these other people, God discarded them as being of no consequence, or else perhaps they were shelved to oblivion by Him, or (God forbid) that they were not even created by Him. 4 Thus, those, who think that God has made them superior to everyone else and that others are not even [part of ] God s creation, or that God has created [those of other faiths] and then discarded and rejected them, are actually the ones who who are creating disorder in the world today and are destroying the peace of the world due to their superiority complex. In recent days, a politician, who is also a close friend of the President of the United States of America, clearly stated on television that the white race is greater and superior to every other race in the world and that it is their due right to govern [other races] and do with them as they please. Furthermore, he declared 16 THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS OCTOBER 2017

17 Islam teaches that the feelings and sentiments of others should always be respected. If people truly followed this credo, it would lead to social harmony. Makhzan-e-Tasaweer black people and Africans to be the most inferior race. As a matter of fact, he went further and stated that due to the colour of their skin, they are unable to possess the same intellectual capacities as white people. In other words, his arrogance has made him so brazen that he [dares] to set himself as equal to God Almighty. Those who set out to defame Islam should reflect and ponder whether such a statement can ever establish peace? This statement echoes what is in the hearts of these arrogant people. No matter how many chants of justice, peace They imagined that the other nations did not belong to God or that having created these other people, God discarded them as being of no consequence. and harmony they raise on the surface, they will in reality try to reach the goals and achieve the agenda which they have expressed, as I have just mentioned. Elaborating further on the verse, OCTOBER 2017 THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS 17

18 A Muslim, however, is compelled to revere the names Jesus as, Moses as, or the founders and prophets of any other religion. Islam never allows religious conversion by force. Those who try to spread Islam with the sword willfully ignore the Qur anic commandments to make peace. Makhzan-e-Tasaweer the Promised Messiah as states: God the Exalted begins the Holy Qur an with this verse that: All praise belongs to Allah, Lord of all the worlds. (5 5 Throughout the Holy Qur an He has clearly and categorically expressed that it is wrong [to assert] that the prophets of God appeared [only] among specific nations or countries. Rather, God has not forsaken any nation or country. The Holy Qur an explains through various examples that just as God has overseen the physical development of the people of every country, in accordance with their requirements, so has He blessed every 18 THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS OCTOBER 2017

19 of all the Worlds. His Providence is not confined to any particular people, age or country. In fact, He is the Lord of all peoples, the Lord of time and space, and He is the Sovereign of all the countries. He is the fountainhead of every beneficence and the Source of every physical and spiritual strength. He alone nourishes and sustains everything in existence and every being is supported and protected by Him alone. 7 country and every people with spiritual upbringing. The Promised Messiah as continues by saying: As it has been stated by God Almighty in the Holy Qur an: That is to say there is no nation (6to whom a prophet or messenger has not been sent. 6 Furthermore, the Promised Messiah as states: It is an irrefutable fact that the True and Perfect God, believing in Whom is binding upon every person, is the Lord He then states: The blessings of God are common to all and were conferred upon all nations and countries throughout the ages. This is so that no nation can have recourse to complain and allege that God only favoured such and such people but not others, or that God only revealed His Word containing His guidance to only person x and y but not others, or that through His revelations and miracles God manifested Himself in only suchand-such era but kept Himself hidden at other times. Thus, by universally conferring His bounties He shattered all such criticisms and displayed unparalleled and vast goodness so as to not deprive any nation of physical or spiritual blessings and did not leave any period of time bereft of His blessings. Thus, those who allege that white people OCTOBER 2017 THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS 19

20 the hunt to capture the real islam If a Muslim fails to act upon this teaching, then the fault rests with the action of that individual and not the teaching itself. are more intelligent and possess superior abilities are entirely mistaken. Allah the Almighty has bestowed faculties and bounties upon all peoples. Leaving aside worldly people, who consider themselves to be superior and better than others in certain aspects, no other religion so clearly advocates equality amongst people in the way the teachings of Islam do. Islam alone teaches that God Almighty has treated mankind equally in terms of spirituality by sending a prophet to every nation. All prophets brought the exact same message from God Almighty and there is no difference between them. Thus, according to the Holy Qur an, only Muslims are bound to believe in the prophets of all nations, whereas this is not binding upon the followers of other religions. The Holy Qur an teaches us that prophets appeared amongst every people and we believe in all of them. As we believe in the prophets of all nations, we can never declare that some prophet of such-and-such nation was false or that his teachings were misguided. It is impossible for a Muslim to make such a statement, because in doing so they would be declaring the Holy Qur an to be false, God forbid! This proves that Islam is unparalleled among religions in terms of religious tolerance and the teachings of peace. In contrast, a Christian or a Jew or a person following any other religion can make any inappropriate remark about the Holy Prophet sa. A Muslim, however, is compelled to revere the names Jesus as, Moses as, or the founders and prophets of any other religion. Whilst followers of other religions may slander the Holy Prophet sa with unfitting remarks, we as Muslims, on the other hand, send salutations of peace by using the words alaihissalam [peace be upon them] when referring to every prophet, thereby establishing respect and honour for them. Thus, Islam alone is the religion that advocates peace and harmony to the greatest degree by urging its adherents to lay the foundation for reconciliation under all circumstances. Allah the Almighty guides Muslims to avoid religious strife and live in mutual peace to such an extent, that He says: 20 THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS OCTOBER 2017

21 (6 And revile not those whom they call upon beside Allah, lest they, out of spite, revile Allah in their ignorance. Thus unto every people have We caused their doing to seem fair. Then unto their Lord is their return; and He will inform them of what they used to do. 8 What greater means can there be to eliminate disorder in the world and to The Holy Ka bah that Muslims make a pilgrimage to every year was built as a sacntuary for peace and security. Zurijeta Shutterstock allow people to live together in harmony! The verse refers to those who call unto idols instead of Allah the Almighty and practice shirk [associating partners with God] shirk is one of the gravest sins according to Allah the Almighty [and] yet He says one is not permitted to speak ill against even the idols of others. Every individual possess sentiments and feelings for his or her respective religion. Regardless of whether those feelings are correct or not, if one forsakes wisdom and insults their idols, they will respond ignorantly and insult Allah the Almighty. This OCTOBER 2017 THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS 21

22 the hunt to capture the real islam Hence, if our master, the Holy Prophet Muhammad sa, was not given the authority to compel others to accept Islam, then how can the religious clerics of today and the socalled [religious]organisations, which I have just mentioned, have the right to use force when spreading Islam and tarnish its reputation? in turn will injure one s own sentiments and also ignite the fire of strife and discord; therefore, one must avoid this. We will all present ourselves before Allah the Almighty after death, and there He will decide between us as to who is the true Lord; the One who sustains, provides for us and fulfils all our needs and is the Master of reward and punishment. This is the golden principle which, whilst eradicating the chance of disorder and chaos, at the same time promotes the teachings of peace, while also enhancing the moral standard of a Muslim. Explaining this further, the Promised Messiah as says: God, through the Holy Qur an, has taught us to be so refined and respectful in our manners that He admonishes: In other words, do not abuse the deities of the idolaters, lest they abuse your God out of ignorance 9 He [further] states: Now consider this Qur anic injunction that despite the fact that it treats idols as of no significance, yet God teaches Muslims to abstain from insulting even idols and admonishes them instead to adopt a course of gentle persuasion; lest they [the idolaters] should be provoked, in turn, to abuse God. 10 If a Muslim fails to act upon this teaching, then the fault rests with the action of that individual and not the teaching itself. [Some] non-muslims assert that the teachings of Islam are wrong and ridicule it thoughtlessly. Actually, it is these people who are destroying the peace of the world, not the teachings of Islam. No blame can rest on the teachings of Islam. 22 THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS OCTOBER 2017

23 If any Muslim is guilty of committing a crime, then that is an atrocity committed on his own part and has no link with Islam s teachings. Consequently, if a non- Muslim, despite being aware of Islam s true teachings, then attempts to defame Islam, and as a result it leads to chaos and disorder, then they [i.e. the non-muslim] are liable for blame. There are many similar examples found in the teachings of Islam, which neither advocate compulsion nor discord. Rather the extent to which Islam promotes the message of peace, reconciliation, truthfulness and harmony is unmatched by any other religion. For example, in Surah Yunus God Almighty says: And if thy Lord had enforced His will, surely, all who are on the earth would have believed together. Wilt thou, then, force men to become believers? 11 Therefore, if Muslims were [supposed] to compel the world to believe [in Islam] or exercise force on those who disbelieved or differed with their religious beliefs and thereby disturb the peace, then God Almighty would not have forbidden them from forcing others to become Muslims. God Almighty states that had He so willed and it is within His powers He could have forced the entire world to accept Islam, but that God Almighty did not wish for this to happen because this is compulsion. When God Almighty did not wish to do this, naturally He informed the Holy Prophet sa that he too could not force the world to become Muslims. If God Almighty did not give even the Holy Prophet sa this authority, then how can anyone else have the authority to do so? The religious clerics and terrorists, who profess that they can compel others into believing, are acting in direct opposition to the teachings of Islam. God Almighty then states: And say, It is the truth from your Lord; )01 wherefore let him who will, believe, and let him who will, disbelieve. 12 OCTOBER 2017 THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS 23

24 the hunt to capture the real islam They should show those enemies forgiveness and treat them with mercy instead of meting out punishment. Hence, if our master, the Holy Prophet Muhammad sa, was not given the authority to compel others to accept Islam, then how can the religious clerics of today and the so-called [religious]organisations, which I have just mentioned, have the right to use force when spreading Islam and tarnish its reputation? Therefore, if anyone does something wrong in the name of Islam then they alone are incorrect, not the teachings of Islam. Islam is a religion of reconciliation, peace, love and harmony. It is a religion that grants peace. Whatever I have said up until now not only refutes the views of non-muslims who label Islam as a religion of extremism, mischief and disorder, but also those Muslims who commit acts of terror in the name of Islam and attempt to destroy the peace of the world. Indeed, in spite of having this beautiful teaching, it is the misfortune of [some] Muslims that their actions have emboldened non-muslims to criticise Islam. However, due to the destruction caused by these so-called Muslim clerics, this was an inevitable outcome. In this age, in keeping with His promise, God Almighty commissioned the Promised Messiah as to reform these erroneous teachings. He demonstrated the true beauty of Islam in light of the teachings of the Holy Qur an; and indeed he did this. The Holy Qur an is the revered Muslim scripture. Only in light of the teachings of the Holy Qur an can the true and beautiful teachings of Islam be displayed and followed. This is what the Promised Messiah as has clearly explained and demonstrated to us in this era. With reference to the status of the Holy Ka bah or Makkah, the Holy Qur an states: Whoso enters it, enters peace. 13 Here the word: has two meanings. That is, whoso enters it will be protected, and whoso believes in it will be secure and they will grant peace to others as well. The first time this was practically 24 THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS OCTOBER 2017

25 demonstrated was during the conquest of Makkah, when the Holy Prophet sa forgave his and his companions most lethal enemies by announcing peace and amnesty for them, and spared their lives. At the time, an Ansari chief claimed that they would now seek vengeance upon the Quraish and humiliate them. Abu Sufyan overheard this and informed the Holy Prophet sa about what this Ansari chief had said. He asked the Holy Prophet sa, On this day will you not grant us security in this town, in spite of our transgressions of old? The Holy Prophet sa replied: On this day, despite all [your] atrocities you shall be granted amnesty, as this town has been declared an abode of peace. The Ka bah has now been declared to be an abode of peace. The Holy Prophet sa then stated that what the Ansari chief had said was incorrect. From that very day and from that sacred town and Holy Ka bah, the teachings of mercy, peace and harmony were to spread throughout the world. [Furthermore], the Holy Prophet sa took away the flag from that Ansari chief, because of what he had said, and handed it to another chief. Thus, the Holy Prophet sa demonstrated, by means of practical example, the status of the peace and security of this town. 14 Hence, Islam s teachings are [so] peaceful that it exhorts [us] that even when [Muslims] have conquered the staunchest of enemies, they should show those enemies forgiveness and treat them with mercy instead of meting out punishment. In the so-called civilised society of today s world, who can display such an act of civility? Similarly, with regards to inviting [people]towards peace, in one place of the Holy Qur an God Almighty states: And Allah calls to the abode of peace. 15 Where Allah Almighty instructs us to come towards peace and enter the abode of peace, at the same time He also called those entering Muslims; meaning those who spread and establish peace. If an individual is not mindful of the sanctity of this word, then it is their [own] wrongdoing. Furthermore, upon meeting one another the teaching of Islam is to say greet- which is to give the الس ال م ع ل ي ك م ings of peace to one another. 16 Would one who truly conveys the greetings of peace by saying then pick up the الس ال م ع ل ي ك م sword and cause bloodshed and disrupt the peace? Similarly, we observe that as we end our OCTOBER 2017 THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS 25

26 the hunt to capture the real islam And they say, If we were to follow the guidance with thee, we should be snatched away from our land. prayers we say [by turning our heads] to our right side and then to our left. In other words, upon completing his or her worship, one conveys the message of peace and security to [those] [sitting] on one s right and left, to those in front and behind. Hence, Islam can never be a religion that destroys the peace or one that compels others; rather its teachings are so beautiful that it advocates peace and harmony more than any other religion. الس ال م ع ل ي ك م و ر ح م ة الل ه The Holy Qur an then informs us that this sanctuary [i.e. the Ka bah] is the true centre of peace and harmony by saying: Have they not seen that We have made the sanctuary secure for them, while people are snatched away from all around them? Would they then believe in falsehood and deny the favour of Allah? 17 This proclaims that the true purpose of the Holy Ka bah is to establish peace and security. Also it is a great responsibility placed upon the shoulders of Muslims for them to keep this place the centre for peace. God Almighty proclaims that whosoever remains attached to this [place] shall be guaranteed peace. In other words, true security shall be granted only to those who, through their belief in God Almighty, create a bond with the House of Allah. It is the misfortune of the Muslims especially the rulers of Muslim states who, even in the face of such a clear guarantee, commit atrocities emboldened by their wealth and power, instead of striving to establish peace and security by turning their attention to the One God and the purpose behind building the Holy Ka bah as mentioned by Him in the Holy Qur an. They think that their worldly allies and leaders are guarantors of their security. God Almighty has already declared that He has established peace in this sanctuary and in reality, it is due to Him that those who remain attached to it will be granted security. 26 THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS OCTOBER 2017

27 If the superpowers of the world and their plans led to peace then the current disorder and chaos would not exist. In the world today, there is a lack of peace and restlessness due to the fact that people are more focused on the material world rather than God Almighty. Thus, a secular person is preparing their own destruction by neglecting the One God. However, the Muslims should realise that in this day and age since the belief in the oneness of God is disappearing, the house that has been ordained for establishing the oneness of God was to be commissioned through the ardent devotee of the Holy Prophet sa. They [i.e. Muslims] must accept him so that they may gain true beneficence from this abode of peace, lest they too should fall into ruin, like the other nations around them. The status of this city of peace will remain and it shall always stay this way. However instead of tyrants and leaders bereft of any spiritualty, God Almighty will ensure that just and devout leaders come into power. True peace cannot be established without spirituality. Hence, the servants of the Harmain [the two sacred places, i.e. Makkah and Madinah] will need to search for true spirituality in order to establish peace. In order to achieve this it is essential for them to submit to the true devotee of the Holy Prophet sa. This is necessary so that the true and peaceful teachings of Islam may become manifest and clear to the entire the world; Muslims and non-muslims alike. Then, the response of those who reject Islam can be found in the Holy Qur an: And they say, If we were to follow the guidance with thee, we should be snatched away from our land. 18 Thus, if Islam was a religion of transgression, coercion and extremism, then the Makkans would not have responded to the Holy Prophet sa by saying that they would be cast out of their homes. It is not the Muslims who are committing injustices and transgressions; rather it is other [non-muslim] governments and rulers who are committing these injustices and transgressions, and from fear of whom people do not wish to accept Islam. Even non-muslims agreed that the teachings of Islam are peaceful. Hence, this is why they said that if they joined the Muslims and began to act on their teachings and accepted Islam, then OCTOBER 2017 THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS 27

28 the hunt to capture the real islam God Almighty did not instruct him to respond to them in the same manner immediately and wage war against them and deal with them harshly. they would be seized and exiled from their homes. Thus, this shows that even in that time, non-muslims agreed that the teachings of Islam are peaceful. They said to the Holy Prophet sa, You have taught us to spread peace and harmony, but if we adopt this path, we will be destroyed by the nations around us. Today, there is a significant global arms race and atom bombs are being developed with the justification that they serve as a deterrent and ward off threats from other nations. Presently, approximately nine or ten countries in the world possess nuclear weapons. Aside from Pakistan, no Muslim state possesses nuclear weapons; and even then its capability is unknown. In a future war the greatest danger is from these nuclear weapons. Similarly, the best weapons found in the world are produced in non-muslim countries. If Muslim countries are using such weapons, they do so by having acquired them from these non-muslim countries. Similarly, if they are being used by terrorist organisations to carry out atrocities in the name of Islam, they do so by obtaining them from non-muslim states, and it is these very countries who continue selling weapons to make profit in their businesses. So this is the current state of those who say that Islam is a religion of extremism and that it teaches cruelty and violence. The nations who are at the forefront of the arms race are the ones who continue to provide weapons to those who act against the teachings of Islam. Again, as I have mentioned, the nations who are at the forefront in alleging that the teachings of Islam are a threat to world peace are the very nations from where weapons are being distributed, and this will in turn destroy the peace. The teachings of Islam are so peaceful that even now people think that if they were to adhere to them, they would be killed due to preaching a message of peace and security. However, it is a grave misfortune that in this day and age those people who call themselves Muslims are obtaining weapons from the very nations who defame and criticise Islam, then 28 THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS OCTOBER 2017

29 use those weapons against not only fellow Muslims, but other people as well. Consequently, they become the means of destroying world peace. A few decades ago, a truthful non- Muslim scholar wrote a book. Whilst exposing the real image of [certain] non- Muslims, he wrote that in the course of the Prophet Muhammad s sa entire life, at best a few hundred of his most severe enemies may have been killed during the battles in which he fought. Yet in only one of the world wars, hundreds of thousands of people were killed. And yet, it is still the Holy Prophet sa who is accused of spreading strife in the world in that he gave us a teaching which [supposedly] destroyed the peace and harmony of the world and is a religion which promotes extremism and violence. The proof of the peaceful teachings of Islam lies in the reply given to the Holy Prophet sa by certain tribes. They feared that if they believed in Islam, its teaching of peace and tranquillity would cause their ruin, since Islam teaches abstention from unnecessary wars. Those tribes believed that if they acted upon what Islam teaches then the tyrants would persecute them, since unjust people continue to wage wars and target others. Although the word Islam literally means peace, so-called Muslims gather weapons to barbarically attack the innocent. This is far removed from what the Qur an actually teaches. Dmitry Kalinovsky Shutterstock They wished not to endanger their lives and as a result they stayed as they were. Joining the Muslims would entail that they [themselves] would become targets of injustices. By casting a look at history we can clearly see that Islam removed the disorder that existed in the Arabian Peninsula. The response of the tribes demonstrates that by following the Islamic teaching they knew they would become engulfed in difficulties, for they were ignorant of the bounties of God Almighty as they had no faith. They were only considering OCTOBER 2017 THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS 29

30 the hunt to capture the real islam It is obligatory in Islam that if, for example, the Muslims occupy a country that is predominantly Christian, they are not to interfere with their places of worship and should forbid anyone from destroying Christian churches. the apparent reality. They knew that by adhering to these peaceful teachings at a time when evil and disorder were rampant all around them would be tantamount to death. However, after the victory of Makkah Islam flourished and when the neighbouring tribes became aware of the peace treaty between the Makkans and the Muslims, they realised that it was only the peaceful teachings of Islam that would make them successful in both secular and spiritual ways. Some accepted Islam after witnessing signs and nobody compelled them. While they chased after material wealth they continuously rejected Islam. If they were to be compelled into believing then God would not have reassured the Holy Prophet sa by saying: * And remember the time when the Messenger sa said O my Lord! These people will never believe. They do not listen to me. Allah the Almighty stated: Thus, turn aside from them, and say, Peace ; and soon shall they know. 19 In other words, the Holy Prophet sa addresses Allah the Almighty by saying that the people did not understand the teachings of peace and security which he had brought from God Almighty. They did not believe in them; rather, they were preoccupied in quarrels, wars and causing disorder. The Holy Prophet sa was persecuted in Makkah for 13 years and later the Makkan armies launched an attack on Madinah as well. The Holy Prophet sa states that the people to whom he had brought the message of peace were not leaving him in peace; in fact, they were resorting to cruelties and injustices. God Almighty did not instruct him to respond to them in the 30 THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS OCTOBER 2017

31 same manner immediately and wage war against them and deal with them harshly; rather, God Almighty said: Therefore, turn to them with forgiveness 20 for they have failed to understand the greatness and importance of this teaching. This is why they are acting in this manner. Despite this, God instructs the Holy Prophet sa to send salutations of peace upon them and he continued to do so as he had come to them with the message of peace. Soon after the world came to know that the Holy Prophet sa brought peace and security to the world and nothing else and indeed after a short period the Arab world witnessed this for themselves. Thus, this message of peace and security was not only for those who professed their belief in him, but also for those who did not. After this, non-muslims ask the question that if he taught a message of peace then why did wars take place? The response to this is that when the disbelievers launched an attack on Madinah in order to completely eradicate Islam, it was only then that God Almighty stated: That is: permission to fight is given to those against whom war is unnecessarily waged. 21 They were subjected to cruelties simply because they proclaimed that God Almighty was their Lord and on account of this they were driven out of their homes. In the subsequent verse Allah the Almighty states that if their mischief had not been met with a stern response then those who opposed faith would have exceeded all limits and would have destroyed churches, synagogues, and the places of worship of other faiths as well as mosques. Therefore, if permission to fight was given it was granted only to establish peace. The word jihad does not at all mean to carry out cruelties and injustices. We are extremely fortunate that the Promised Messiah as has guided us in every aspect. Thus, expounding upon these verses of the Holy Qur an, the Promised Messiah as states: Islam did not initiate the raising of the sword. In fact, Islam only granted permission to take arms at a specific time of need in order to establish peace. Furthermore, Islam never granted permission to kill women, children and monks. Rather only those who initiated the taking of the sword against Islam perished by the sword. OCTOBER 2017 THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS 31

32 the hunt to capture the real islam Undoubtedly these people should be punished, but they are very influential and powerful; who has the courage to punish them! Islam, however, commands that such people should be punished. The Promised Messiah as continues by saying: The Torah contains the most teachings in regards to fighting with the sword and as a result countless women and children were killed. If a God in whose sight those harsh and merciless wars were deemed acceptable and were fought by His command, then it is a great injustice for the same God to be displeased by the wars fought in Islam by the Holy Prophet sa who did so in a state of oppression and for the purpose of establishing peace. 22 The Promised Messiah as further states: If this was not the practise of God Almighty to repel some men by means of others then the cruelties and injustices would have reached a point where they would have pulled down cloisters in which people worship in seclusion; churches belonging to the Christians and the synagogues of the Jews would have been destroyed and the mosques of the Muslims wherein the name of God is oft commemorated would have been demolished. Thus, God Almighty here explains that He alone is the protector of all these places of worship. Therefore, it is obligatory in Islam that if, for example, the Muslims occupy a country that is predominantly Christian, they are not to interfere with their places of worship and should forbid anyone from destroying Christian churches. The same instructions are found in the Ahadith [traditions of the Holy Prophet sa ]. It has been mentioned in the Ahadith that whenever a general of the Muslim army was sent for battle, he would be forbidden to attack the places of worship belonging to the Christians and Jews; and also the cloisters wherein monks would worship in seclusion. From this it is evident just how far Islam is from any kind of intolerance and prejudice as it affords the same kind of protection to the Christian churches and Jewish synagogues as it does to the mosques. Indeed, God who revealed the religion of Islam 32 THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS OCTOBER 2017

33 did not wish for the extermination of Islam from the attacks of its enemies; in fact, He permitted Muslims to engage in a defensive war and allowed them to retaliate in self-defence. 23 Thus, nowhere can it be proved that the religion of Islam abolishes peace or sanctions the destruction of the places of worship of other faiths. Those who commit such acts are all contradicting the teachings of Islam. This was the case in Iraq and Syria, etc., where the places of worship of other faiths were destroyed and churches were pulled down and even here [in the West] churches were burnt down. For those who perpetrate such acts there awaits a punishment for them in hell, instead of a reward in the heavens. Then there is another factor that destroys world peace. Islam instructs that one must contend against all evils that can destroy peace. In the Holy Qur an God Almighty states: Which means creating disorder and strife is worse than killing. 24 Undoubtedly, the killing of an individual is a very grave matter and a murderer is a person to Muslims are reminded in the Holy Qur an to protect all places of worship such as churches, synagogues and temples. In other words, Muslims are obligated to respect the freedom of conscience of all people. Parvesh Jain Photography Shutterstock be looked upon with abhorrence. The Holy Qur an states that although killing someone is a heinous crime and a grave sin, creating disorder and unrest is even worse. Why is this the case? This is because there is the danger of millions of lives being lost. In fact, in certain situations we have observed that hundreds of thousands of lives have indeed been lost due to such mischievous acts and these acts can also cause nations as well as people to fight against each other. Therefore, Islam instructs [Muslims] to punish an individual found guilty of spreading disorder and mischief. Those who create OCTOBER 2017 THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS 33

34 the hunt to capture the real islam Regrettably however, when the Muslims forgot their own teachings, they became the worst oppressors. mischief and disorder disrupt the peace and serenity within homes as well as the peace and harmony among nations. The political climate of today and the conspiracies being hatched are nothing short of this. Indeed, it is nothing short of strife when one nation falls out with another and then seeks the support of other nations by producing fabricated reports, or entices other leaders with wealth to make them their allies and to help to attain their goals. Moreover, in this day and age they lobby together on such a vast scale that whichever nation they hatch conspiracies against, the former do not rest until they have completely annihilated the latter. Islam states that such individuals who destroy an entire nation through the flames of mischief and disorder, and do so cunningly in the name of peace, are in fact guilty of murder and should be punished accordingly. Undoubtedly these people should be punished, but they are very influential and powerful; who has the courage to punish them! Islam, however, commands that such people should be punished. The Holy Prophet sa has also taught us that a Muslim is one from whose hands and tongue other Muslims are protected. 25 On another occasion the Holy Prophet sa also stated from whom others are protected [as opposed to only Muslims]. 26 Thus, the teachings of Islam are not only a guarantor for peace for Muslims but also for establishing peace among other nations and people of the world. The secular world has witnessed all [types of ] man-made systems, organisations and laws, yet they have failed to bring an end to the disorder of the world despite ensuring the adherence to these laws. They will be unable to do this until they establish a system based on the true teachings of Islam. So long as the teachings of Islam remained in their original form the world continued experiencing peace and serenity. Regrettably however, when the Muslims forgot their own teachings, they became the worst oppressors. Islam details the teachings about 34 THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS OCTOBER 2017

35 establishing peace and harmony, some of which I have mentioned already during the Jalsa [annual convention]. This convention is being attended by many delegates from the press and media as well as other non-muslims, who raise various questions in their private meetings with me. In this manner it is hoped they have had their questions answered to a certain extent. The situation of the world is such that disorder and chaos is increasing dayby-day. This is why I felt it necessary to speak on these matters today; perhaps they will inform the rest of the world. The teachings of Islam alone instructs people of different religious backgrounds to live with each other in peace and harmony and this teaching alone seeks to establish and urges peace between different nations. It is this very teaching that guides people at every level how to live peacefully with one another. If those who do not understand or accept these teachings owing to their lack of knowledge or ignorance raise allegations against these teachings and declare them to be void of love, peace and brotherhood, then all that can be said to them is that they should reform their deeds and remove the veil of prejudice from their eyes and replace it with the true light, which is We should pray that God guide all Muslims around the world to the true teachings of Islam and allow religious harmony to prevail. Makhzan-e-Tasaweer attained through [coming closer to] God Almighty. Thus, in order to improve the situation of the world today there is only one path that can change the rate at which the world is charging towards its own destruction; and that is for people to recognise their Lord and Creator, Who in order to rescue mankind from oblivion, invites them to come under the shade of His mercy and peace. Thus, no matter how many systems are implemented by the people of this world, there is no law, constitution, treaty or effort that can prevent the world from falling into the pit of destruction. OCTOBER 2017 THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS 35

36 the hunt to capture the real islam A single stroke of God will frustrate all the plans of disbelief, not by any sword, nor by any gun, but by bestowing light on eager souls and by illumining the pure hearts. Thus, I urge the worldly people: O people of this world who seek peace and tranquillity! Instead of raising allegations against the teachings of Islam, come and pay heed to the voice of the ardent devotee of the Holy Prophet sa who was sent by God Almighty in this era in order to save humanity from destruction and the incurring of His displeasure, and who has said: O people of Europe, you are not safe and O people of Asia, you too, are not immune. And O dwellers of [various] Islands, no false gods shall come to your rescue. I see cities fall and entire settlements obliterated. Thus, the world should turn to its One and only God, lest this should come true. 27 Then the Promised Messiah as further states: The days are approaching when the sun of truth will rise from the West and Europe will recognise the True God. Thereafter the door of repentance will be closed, for those who wish to enter will have entered eagerly and only those will remain outside whose hearts are by nature sealed, and who are in love, not with light, but with darkness. The time is near when all religions will perish except Islam. All weapons will be broken except the heavenly weapon of Islam, for it will neither be broken nor will it be blunted till it has broken all Antichrist tendencies into pieces. The time is near that the true Unity of God, which is perceived within their nature even by those who dwell in the desert or are completely unaware of any teaching, will spread through all regions. On that day there will remain no artificial atonement nor an artificial god. A single stroke of God will frustrate all the plans of disbelief, not by any sword, nor by any gun, but by bestowing light on eager souls and by illumining the pure hearts. Then will there be an understanding of all that which I say. 28 May Allah the Almighty enable us to become sincere enough to understand the true meaning of tauheed [the Oneness of God]. May we become a true aabid 36 THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS OCTOBER 2017

37 [worshipper of Allah Almighty]. May we become the recipients of the Mercy and Grace of Allah Almighty and also inform the world that if they wish to truly survive then they must recognise their One [true] Creator. May God Almighty enable us to do so. We will now pray. Remember to pray for Ahmadis residing in Pakistan, as well in Algeria who are facing hardship. Also keep the Muslim Ummah, in general, in your prayers who, on account of their ignorance are inviting the wrath of God upon themselves. The situation of the world is continuing to deteriorate; therefore, as I mentioned earlier, remember the people generally in your prayers also. May Allah Almighty send down His grace and may He grant us the opportunity to discharge our obligations. Let us pray. Finally, also listen to the attendance report. This year the total attendance was 37,393 and there were representatives from 114 countries. endnotes 1. Musnad Ahmad bin Hanbal, vol 7, Hadith No: (Beirut: A alimul Kutub, 1998), 760. Understanding the message of the Ahmadiyya Community can help unify Muslims and establish global peace. Makhzan-e-Tasaweer 2. The Holy Qur an, 1:2. 3. Ibid. 4. Hazrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad as, A Message of Peace (Tilford, Surrey: Islam International Publications, 2007), 7 5. The Holy Qur an, 1:2. 6. The Holy Qur an, 35: Hazrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad as, A Message of Peace (Tilford, Surrey: Islam International Publications, 2007), The Holy Qur an, 6:109. OCTOBER 2017 THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS 37

38 the hunt to capture the real islam 9. Ibid. 10. Hazrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad as, A Message of Peace (Tilford, Surrey: Islam International Publications, 2007), The Holy Qur an, 10: The Holy Qur an, 18: Hazrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad as, Chashmae-Ma rifat, Ruhani Khazain vol 23, (Tilford, Surrey: Islam International Publications, 2007), The Holy Qur an, 2: Sahih Bukhari, Kitabul Iman, Hadith No The Holy Qur an, 3: Sharah Zarqani, Vol 3, Bab Ghazwatul Fathil Azeem, (Beirut: Darul Ilmiya, 1996). 15. The Holy Qur an, 10: Sunnan Al Tirmizi, Kitabul Istizaan, Hadith No Sunnan Nisai, Kitabul Iman, Hadith No Hazrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad as, Haqeeqatul Wahi, Ruhani Khazain vol 22, (Tilford, Surrey: Islam International Publications, 2007), Majmu ah Ishtiharaat vol 2, The Holy Qur an, 29: The Holy Qur an, 28: The Holy Qur an, 43: YOUR FEEDBACK IS IMPORTANT TO US 20. Ibid. 21. The Holy Qur an, 22:40. Write to us with comments, feedback and suggestions at info@reviewof Religions.org 22. Hazrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad as, Hujjatul Islam, Ruhani Khazain vol 6, (Tilford, Surrey: Islam International Publications, 2007), THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS OCTOBER 2017

39 SUBSCRIBE NOW! The magazine devoted to promoting intellectual and lively debate that is based on respect for all religions. 12 Issues for only 15 or $30 USD or $36 CAD STUDENTS! 12 EDITIONS for just 5 GBP or $10 USD or $12 CAD JULY VOL ISSUE SEVEN SEPTEMBER VOL ISSUE NINE NOVEMBER VOL ISSUE ELEVEN ISLAM A THREAT OR A SOURCE OF PEACE? CASE STUDY: GERMANY SYRIA IN CRISIS ISLAM - A RELIGION of PEACE & COMPASSION Suffer Pain to Bring Comfort to Humanity 10 The Significance of Ramadan 14 Religious Trends in Germany 24 Khalifah of the Promised Messiah in Germany 40 Chimes of Messiah 8 The Beginning of Khalifah of the Promised Guests Reflect on the Creation in Scriptures of Messiah as at the Houses Houses of Parliament Different Religions of Parliament Event Khalifah of Promised Syria - A Religious Messiah Sends Letter to Heritage Russian President Medical Consequences of Nuclear War 46 The World in Need of a Reformer 74 For more information Visit: ReviewofReligions.org/Subscription Call (UK Head office) : +44 (020) Accounts@ReviewofReligions.org

40 A Glimpse into the Life of the Holy Prophet Muhammad sa The Treatment of Neighbours He always treated his neighbours with extreme kindness and consideration. He used to say that the angel Gabriel had emphasized consideration towards one s neighbours so often that he sometimes began to think that a neighbour would perhaps be included among the prescribed heirs. Abu Dharr ra relates that the Holy Prophet sa said to him: Abu Dharr ra, while broth is being cooked for your family, add a little more water to it so that your neighbour might also share in it. This does not mean that the neighbour should not be invited to share in other things but, as the Arabs were mostly a migratory people and their favourite dish was broth, the Holy Prophet sa referred to this dish as a typical one and taught that one should not think so much of the taste of the food as of the obligation to share it with one s neighbour. Abu Huraira ra relates: On one occasion the Holy Prophet sa exclaimed: I call God to witness that he is not a believer! I call God to witness that he is not a believer! I call God to witness that he is not a believer! The Companions inquired: Who is not a believer, O Messenger of Allah sa? and he replied: He whose neighbour is not secure against injury and ill-treatment at his hands. On one occasion when he was addressing women, he said: If anybody finds only the foot of a goat to cook, that person should share it with his or her neighbour. He asked people not to object to their neighbours driving pegs into their walls or putting them to any other use which occasioned no injury. Abu Huraira ra relates: The Prophet sa said: He who believes in God and in the Day of Judgement should occasion no inconvenience to his neighbour: he who believes in God and in the Day of Judgement should occasion no inconvenience to his guest, and he who believes in God and in the Day of Judgement should utter only words of virtue or should keep quiet (Muslim). endnotes 1. Hazrat Mirza Bashir-ud-din Mahmud Ahmad ra, Life of Muhammad (Tilford, Surrey, U.K.: Islam International Publications Limited, 2013),

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42 Preparing for Tomorrow - Raising Pious Children ADDRESS TO THE LADIES, DELIVERED BY HAZRAT MIRZA MASROOR AHMAD ABA, THE WORLDWIDE HEAD OF THE AHMADIYYA MUSLIM COMMUNITY AND 5TH SUCCESSOR TO THE PROMISED MESSIAH, ON THE OCCASION OF JALSA SALANA UK (ANNUAL CONVENTION), SATURDAY, JULY 29, 2017 AT HADEEQATUL MAHDI (ALTON) After Tashahud, Taawuz and the recitation of Surah Al-Fatihah, His Holiness aba recited the following verse of the Holy Qur an: O Ye who believe! Fear Allah; and let every soul look to what it sends forth for the morrow. And fear Allah; verily Allah is well aware of what you do. 1 This commandment of God Almighty is for both men and women. This verse is one of the verses recited at the occasion of the nikah [Islamic wedding ceremony]. Both men and women are advised to tread the path of righteousness while keeping tomorrow in mind. It is common knowledge that the root cause of every immorality or sin lies in a careless attitude towards understanding what God Almighty and His Prophet sa desires from us. No effort is made to understand the commandments given in the Holy Qur an even though the Holy Qur an provides us with complete guidance for leading our lives. God Almighty says that if you are a believer, then both men and women should keep this basic principle in mind: you must tread the path of righteousness and lead your life accordingly. You should always worry about tomorrow and your future. And this worry for the future 42 THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS OCTOBER 2017

43 should not be about worldly desires, but rather about your moral and spiritual well-being: how to stay faithful to God Almighty, how to always show loyalty to God Almighty and how to make His commandments an essential aspect of your daily life. Once this sense of concern becomes a part of your lives, only then will we be able to live our lives like a believer and only then will we be able to adorn our life in the hereafter. Once we make it a firm resolve and a part of our faith that this world is only temporary and the hereafter is the real and everlasting life, once we have a firm faith of the accountability of our actions in the hereafter, once we have firm faith that God is Almighty and the Knower of the hidden and the apparent and that He even knows our secrets and what lies deep Raising the next generation of leaders is the best way we can improve society, and that rests on good parenting and nurturing of our children. ESB Professional Shutterstock Both men and women are advised to tread the path of righteousness while keeping tomorrow in mind. It is common knowledge that the root cause of every immorality or sin lies in a careless attitude towards understanding what God Almighty and His Prophet sa desires from us. OCTOBER 2017 THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS 43

44 preparing for tomorrow - raising pious children Chasing money or wealth over the needs of our children will be detrimental both to our own families and to society at large. Shutterstock Professional down in the recesses of our hearts, and that He is All-aware of the seen and the unseen, then we must carefully ponder over these words of God Almighty that every soul look to what it sends forth for the morrow. Ponder over what you have done to please God Almighty and what you have done to secure the future generation. The morrow should not be only the next day of our own life or the hereafter but it also pertains to our children: to raise them piously, to raise them with the highest morals, to raise them with a firm resolve in their faith, to raise them as loyal citizens and to make them excel in every aspect of life. This will not only adorn their lives in this world, and their lives in the hereafter and earn the pleasure of God Almighty, but it will also make us deserving of reward owing to the good upbringing we provided them. God Almighty does not let any good deed go by without a reward, then how could He not reward you for the works that you do purely to follow His commandment? Leaving behind pious children who pray for us will also adorn our future because they will continue our good deeds and pray for us and this will become a means of elevating our ranks in the hereafter. Therefore, the tomorrow which God Almighty has told to us to be concerned about and stated that we should ponder over what we send forth for it has a broad meaning. The morrow pertains to our future life in this world and the hereafter. It pertains to the commandment of shaping our own and the next generation s lives. God Almighty has shown us the path of earning His pleasure through this one commandment. However, a worldly person could never reach this level. A materialistic person will only think about accumulating wealth and property and will not be concerned about his spirituality or God Almighty s pleasure. A true believer, however, is commanded that although it is permissible to enjoy the worldly favours of God Almighty, it 44 THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS OCTOBER 2017

45 is wrong to only indulge in them and to not be concerned about your spiritual life. If you fail to raise your children well, they will eat away and waste all your wealth in no time. If they are not raised well they will indulge in immoral habits and ultimately be caught by law enforcement. At that moment wealth and money will not be of any use. The Promised Messiah as used to narrate an incident in this regard. He said: A young boy was very dear to his mother. It was his habit to be mischievous, indulge in wrongful acts and to harm people. Then he started stealing here and there. People used to grab him and bring him to his mother but she would always side with him. She knowingly covered up his actions. She would say, Nothing has happened, it is not like my child to do such thing, you are only blaming him. This child grew up causing trouble, encouraged by his mother s wrongful love and spoiling. He became hardened in his sinful habits only to become a thief and a murderer. One day at last the law caught him. He was sentenced To be hanged till death. At the time of his execution he was asked if he had a last wish. He said his one last wish was that his mother be brought in to see him. When his mother [arrived and] came near him, she asked If you fail to raise your children well, they will eat away and waste all your wealth in no time. If they are not raised well they will indulge in immoral habits and ultimately be caught by law enforcement. At that moment wealth and money will not be of any use. about his last wish. He said, Mother I am going to die now but before I die I would like to kiss your tongue. His mother stuck her tongue out so he could kiss it but he bit it so violently that half of her tongue was severed. The mother started screaming and crying and people condemned him for hurting his mother in his last moments. Hearing this he said, Whenever I did something wrong and people brought me to my mother, instead of chiding me or guiding me, she unjustly covered up my wicked actions. I was encouraged so much so that I became a hardened criminal. Had she guided me right, become angry at this behaviour, admonished me or punished me, I would have not seen this day. Therefore a OCTOBER 2017 THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS 45

46 preparing for tomorrow - raising pious children mother and her tongue that kept encouraging my sinful behaviour should have ended exactly in the way it did. 2 This is a great lesson for those mothers who get caught in the moment and spoil their children and do not think about their own future or their child s future. They only worry about accumulating wealth or acquiring the luxuries of this life. Thousands of people go bankrupt every year including successful businessmen. Their parents have left them wealth and property, but debt causes them to lose everything and end up empty-handed. Then they commit suicide or indulge in immoral acts. Had they been raised with the right guidance they would have developed a balanced nature and would not have been consumed by worldly provisions. They could have enjoyed the pleasures of this world and at the same time elevated their spiritual level. If we see some children of non- Ahmadi women raised in this way, we could say that it is due to the lack of any arrangement for their children s moral training. However an Ahmadi woman who has accepted the Imam of the age, has a responsibility that she should elevate her own spirituality and raise her children so that they give precedence to their faith over the world. One can argue that there are many people who are well-off and prosperous in this world. They start out rich from the wealth they have acquired from their ancestors and continue to become wealthier with time. They are fraudulent in their business pursuits and have other vices and yet they are never caught. So here God Almighty has pointed out that we should worry about tomorrow because while no doubt some people are in comfortable circumstances, however you, who claim to be a believer, you, who claim to have accepted the Imam of the age, you, who claim that you have accepted the true servant of our beloved Holy Prophet sa and you, who claim that after taking bai at [oath of initiation] at his hand, you have acquired the means for your reformation, then you should in particular be mindful for tomorrow and what you are preparing for the hereafter. Those who have neither faith nor spirituality show no concern in regards to their future or the hereafter. They are actually helpless and excusable because they consider this world to be everything and they do not watch for their spiritual well-being in the hereafter. God Almighty says that there awaits a life after death and if someone escapes punishment for their wrongs in this world 46 THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS OCTOBER 2017

47 they will certainly be held accountable for it in the next. However, you, who claim to be spiritual, must prepare for both worlds. We, who claim to belong to the community of the one who is commissioned by God Almighty; we, who firmly believe in the finality of the Holy Prophet sa and that he is the final law-bearing prophet and the book revealed to him is a complete guidance for us to reform in this life and the next, we must bring about a pious change in our lives and we must strive to follow all the commandments. We must become role models for our next generation so that our future, our progeny consists of those who continue to earn God Almighty s pleasure. Islam has placed the primary responsibility for training our next generation on mothers. It is women who can secure the future, not only of one generation but also of the subsequent generation. If a woman does not understand God Almighty s commandments or does not even make an effort to understand them, then we cannot guarantee that the next generation will be morally trained. Our beloved Holy Prophet sa has pointed out the high status of a true Women are honoured in Islam, to the extent that paradise is said to be found at the feet of one s mother. Sopa_Collection Shutterstock Islam has placed the primary responsibility for training our next generation on mothers. It is women who can secure the future, not only of one generation but also of the subsequent generation. Muslim woman. His assertion was not an emotional or trivial statement; in fact, by giving women the responsibility of reforming the next generation and OCTOBER 2017 THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS 47

48 preparing for tomorrow - raising pious children securing their future in this world and the next, he has given their life purpose [and meaning]. In one sentence, he gave women the utmost status while drawing their attention to their responsibilities, by saying: Paradise lies under the feet of the mothers. 3 Fathers play a key role in the development of the next generation and they should lead by example: helping their wives to instil the right core values in their children. NadyaEugene Shutterstock Thus, paradise lies under the mother s feet because due to her upbringing the child grows up to be a good citizen, to be an asset for his nation and to be a person who gives precedence to his faith over this world. It should also be remembered here that moral upbringing is blessed only when the mother is also praying. In this sentence, on the one hand he gave glad tidings to women regarding their high status, and on the other hand, he warned that if a mother does not carry paradise under her feet, she carries hell, one example of which I have given you in [recounting] the incident of the thief and murderer. Thus, paradise lies under the mother s feet because due to her upbringing the child grows up to be a good citizen, to be an asset for his nation and to be a person who gives precedence to his faith over this world. It should also be remembered here that moral upbringing is blessed only when the mother is also praying. By watching their mother pray, children will also be inclined to pray. So the training should not only be an outward training but it is also important for a mother to pray so that she develops a strong relationship with God Almighty. 48 THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS OCTOBER 2017

49 There is no doubt that fathers should also keep in mind that their spiritual level and their standard of worship should be very high, because after a certain age boys do start looking up to their fathers. I receive many letters from children, however, who say that their mother s pious influence and guidance has influenced them, but that their father neither pays attention to them nor to their mother. Children do complain about such behaviour and sadly some of them end up spoiled, although a large number of them are still saved by their mothers prayers. Therefore, if mothers have made up their mind and have firmly resolved that they are going to save their children from being wasted, they must tread the path of righteousness then the children will also remain attached to their faith even when the husband is non-cooperative, cruel or has a bad attitude. So I would say to fathers that they should also play their part in making their homes like paradise. Don t place the sole responsibility on mothers. When men express their love at home and fulfil their responsibilities then a mother s pious training is more fruitful. Mothers, however, should not use [men s behaviour] as an excuse by saying that since their men are not cooperative therefore they are helpless. As I have said earlier there are many families where despite the fathers wrong attitude, the children grow up to be well-trained in in religion as well as good citizens owing to their mothers efforts. Boys who are well-trained by [their] mothers will grow up to become husbands and fathers who act righteously. They will possess high morals and they will help their wives make their home like paradise. Thus, if mothers cannot control one generation because they have no influence over the fathers, they can still control the next generation by training their boys to become good future fathers and husbands. And by training their daughters well, they will be raising future mothers who will carry paradise under their feet. Hence, this is a huge responsibility that Islam places on the believers, and our Holy Prophet sa has described this in such a beautiful and profound manner. Therefore, our women and girls should always keep this in mind. In Germany a press representative mentioned that these days a huge issue has been raised in regards to why women cannot become the Imams of a mosque. I explained to her that a woman is excused OCTOBER 2017 THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS 49

50 preparing for tomorrow - raising pious children Furthermore, while Islam instructs a man to help out his wife in the daily household chores, as is evident from the life and practice of our beloved Holy Prophet sa, it has never advised women that they must also help in men s responsibilities. from worship and saying prayers during certain days and in certain circumstances. Besides, in Islam there is a division of responsibilities among men and women. Islam assigns some tasks to men and others to women. Furthermore, while Islam instructs a man to help out his wife in the daily household chores, as is evident from the life and practice of our beloved Holy Prophet sa, it has never advised women that they must also help in men s responsibilities. We learn from the traditions of the Holy Prophet sa how he used to help his wives in their household chores. 4 So I explained that Islam excuses women from fulfilling certain commandments in specific circumstances. However, those commandments are such that an Imam cannot be exempt from them and must perform those duties. Besides, Islam has a division of tasks relating to men and women. Also Muslims are not as concerned by this issue as the non-muslims are and it is they who distort and project this issue of Imamat [leading prayer] and speak out about it. In fact, the status which Islam has given to women is much higher than [that of ] leading the prayers. The Holy Prophet sa says: Paradise lies under the feet of your mothers. An Imam who leads the prayers cannot guarantee that those who are following him in prayers will be sent to heaven! On the contrary such narrations are found that if an improper thought crosses the Imam s mind then he bears the burden of all the inappropriate thoughts of all those following him. How would he guarantee heaven for them? A woman on the other hand is someone who in respect of being a mother prepares good Imams for the future and thus leads them to heaven. She raises good citizens. She raises good scientists. She raises good rulers for the country. Therefore, the status of women is much higher in Islam. A true Muslim 50 THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS OCTOBER 2017

51 Sean K Shutterstock woman, an Ahmadi Muslim woman, therefore, should have no inferiority complex. Recently, a news report was widely circulated that a Muslim woman has built a mosque in Germany where the Imam will be a woman. Men and women will offer their prayers together. Also, women will not have to cover their heads and they will not be required to wear scarves. She announced her intention to come to the UK and do the same. These issues are raised out of a lack of understanding of the religion and because of an inferiority complex in women. Anything that is introduced into faith and goes against the teachings of God and His Prophet sa is considered a [harmful] invention. These innovations are brought into religion out of ignorance. Or it could be a well-thought-out scheme by the opponents of Islam who seek to conspire and cause the dissolution of Islam. The other religions are already disintegrated and it hurts them to see that Islam is still in its original form. Therefore this is an effort to corrupt Islam. The Holy Qur an claims that Islam has always been protected, its commandments are everlasting and God Almighty will continue to always protect it. This is not easy for the powers working against Islam to accept. Thus they are trying, and will continue, to introduce new practices to Islam. Once the Holy Qur an has clearly stated that a woman should dress modestly and cover herself, OCTOBER 2017 THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS 51

52 preparing for tomorrow - raising pious children Once a leader of a political party came here to visit me and asked whether there would ever come a time when men and women would pray together. I told him that such a time is not awaited since it had already occurred a long time ago. In the time of the Holy Prophet sa, prayers were said in the same room. introducing the idea that scarves are not required, or that lengthy and loose modest clothes are not required any more or that women need not hide their embellishments any more, are nothing but an effort to distort Islam. Furthermore, it is also wrong for men and women to stand together and pray. Once God Almighty has commanded the separation of genders during prayers then there is no need to be influenced by the opponents of Islam and do things differently. The worldly people, who are spiritually blind, could never grasp the significance of following God s commandments. Once a leader of a political party came here to visit me and asked whether there would ever come a time when men and women would pray together. I told him that such a time is not awaited since it had already occurred a long time ago. In the time of the Holy Prophet sa, prayers were said in the same room. Men used to stand in the front rows while women stood behind them. This method could still be practiced if the circumstances required. However, now women have themselves felt the need to say prayers in separate halls so that they are free during prayers and when they are not offering prayers they can freely sit with their scarves off their heads. I also told him that not all men have the same thoughts. Prayer is worship and if we stand our women in the front rows or alongside us then most of the men would be watching the women instead of focusing on their prayers. He laughed and said, You are absolutely right. I came to know later that this political leader had been repeating my answer in his future meetings and agreed that this answer was very logical and based on truth. Therefore those people who deviate and try to introduce [harmful] new practices to Islam are wrong. They are actually mocking their own religion. 52 THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS OCTOBER 2017

53 In the name of Islam they are saying these things while they call themselves Muslims. They are making a mockery of their own religion and this is due to a lack of knowledge about religion and sheer ignorance. Muslims were bound to come to this stage because the Holy Prophet sa prophesied that Muslims one day would act like this. The other extreme end of Muslims is those who perpetrate cruelties against women in the name of Islam and [where] women are highly abused and have no value. This is why God Almighty sent an Imam in this age, the Promised Messiah as and the Imam Mahdi so that the excesses that have been introduced and that deficiencies in the practice of Islam, taught by different Islamic scholars which led Muslims to be either too lenient or too extreme, could be rectified. These [harmful] new customs are being introduced to the teachings of Islam for either personal convenience or, at the other extreme, to impose too many restrictions. Whatever wrongs had been introduced were to be corrected by the Promised Messiah as. Muslims at both of these extremes were to be shown the right path by the Promised Messiah as, as he did. So we Ahmadis are fortunate to have accepted him. After accepting the Promised Messiah as, if we still have an inferiority complex or show weakness in giving precedence to our faith over this world, then it is a cause of great concern and a point of embarrassment. Always remember that the word of God will prevail and is without any flaw. Man-made laws and regulations can never be free of defects. Recently we heard that a lady from Sweden, who organises musical concerts on a large scale, has announced that at their annual concert this year only women will be invited to the concert. Men will not be invited. Her reason was that in the past years they experienced that men exhibited lewd and vulgar behaviour towards the women, and in some cases ending in rape. This is the consequence of mixed gatherings. That is why Islam teaches us that if you see a remote possibility of such disorder, you should avoid it. Now those who level objections against Islam are accepting the fact that in some situations separation of gender is wise. In some places the option of making separate organizations for men and women has been discussed. This worldly society is also sensing the need of separating men OCTOBER 2017 THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS 53

54 preparing for tomorrow - raising pious children The Book of God does not aim at keeping women in seclusion like prisoners. This is the concept of those who are not acquainted with the correct pattern of Islamic ways. like prisoners. This is the concept of those who are not acquainted with the correct pattern of Islamic ways. The purpose of these regulations is to restrain men and women from letting their eyes rove freely and from displaying their good looks and beauties, for therein lies the good both of men and of women. The Promised Messiah as further states: and women. Those who level allegations against us regarding the segregation of genders are now accepting the fact that in some situations separation is a must. 5 Therefore, an Ahmadi woman should strongly believe that our teaching is the one that will triumph and their efforts in the name of freedom of women will only fail. The Promised Messiah as further explained the need to keep men and women separate in the light of the Islamic teachings. He says: This is the philosophy that underlies the Islamic regulations relating to the observance of the veil. The Book of God does not aim at keeping women in seclusion It should be remembered that to restrain one s looks and to direct them only towards observing that which is permissible is described in Arabic by the expression ghadd-e-basar [lowering of the eyes or averting one s gaze so that one does not see anything inappropriate], which is the expression employed in the Holy Qur an in this context. 6 If it is necessary to look ateach other it should be with semi-opened eyes. But mostly one should keep their eyes cast down. To avoid glancing improperly is also called ghadd-e-basar. The Promised Messiah as further states: Those who insist on the relaxation of Purdah [veil] and raise slogans in the name of women s freedom should know that this would only cause evil and disobedience. This will drive you away from 54 THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS OCTOBER 2017

55 your religion and gradually you will be caught in other vices. The Promised Messiah as also adds: If freedom of the sexes has helped increase their chastity and virtue, we will readily confess that we were mistaken. The Promised Messiah as goes on to say: Look at men, how unbridled their behaviour is! (The Promised Messiah as has also admonished men here and described their state). They have neither fear of God nor faith in the hereafter. They only worship mundane pleasures. Thus, it is necessary that, before granting the kind of freedom that is being advocated, the moral condition of men should be improved and rectified. After men have developed enough self-temperance to restrain of their passions, you may consider whether the veil is necessary or not. To insist upon unrestricted freedom in the present circumstances would be like putting sheep at the mercy of lions. 7 The lady who organises the concerts has said exactly the same thing that the Promised Messiah as has stated. She said they couldn t have men and women together until men understood and guaranteed that women will be respected and men will fully control their passions. Today this voice has been raised, and though it has come from those who are related to the music and dance industry, still, someone has realized the dangers of bringing men and women together. Those teachings given by our religion many hundreds of years ago, and which were expounded upon by the Promised Messiah as one hundred and twenty five years ago, are finally understood by these people who have experienced for themselves that shamelessness has become widespread. One day they will have to fully agree that it is the teaching of Islam that is everlasting and grants the guidance to mankind to remain in the boundaries of humanity. Therefore, a true Muslim woman should have no inferiority complex. We cannot board two boats or we will be drowned. Once you have taken the pledge to give precedence to your faith over worldly pursuits then you have to follow the commandments of God Almighty. God Almighty says that the men should cast their gaze down and this injunction is given to men first. They have to practice ghadd-e-basar and refrain from looking at women unnecessarily. They should avoid OCTOBER 2017 THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS 55

56 preparing for tomorrow - raising pious children After men have developed enough self-temperance to restrain of their passions, you may consider whether the veil is necessary or not. To insist upon unrestricted freedom in the present circumstances would be like putting sheep at the mercy of lions. attending women s gatherings. Only by following this commandment can men avoid further vices and shape their world and their hereafter. After that God Almighty says to women that they should lower their gaze and are not to expose their embellishments to men and maintain their sanctity. Thus, once women follow this commandment, only then would they keep themselves and their next generations on the path of modesty. So when I say to women that they should set high standards in their worship, morals and also adopt modesty in their dressing and become models for their children and thus secure their future, I say to men as well that they should also become models for their children. And particularly those men and women who are office-bearers should set high standards for their children. Simply holding an office and working for Lajna is not enough. They have to be mindful of these issues. They have to become role models for their own households and for those working under them. These days the burqa [long robe, gown, or covering that covers the form and shape of the body] has taken many forms. Some people button their burqas only down to their stomach, leaving the rest open to reveal attractive outfits. They make these burqas by cutting the cloth tangentially so that the clothes [underneath] are exposed. In the time of the Hazrat Musleh-e-Maud ra objections were also levelled against such style of burqas. At the time Hazrat Musleh-e-Maud ra said: Some burqas are open from the front showing the outfits. Even then, people objected, just as they do today, to certain burqa designs being too tight from the back. Hazrat Musleh-e-Maud ra stated: 56 THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS OCTOBER 2017

57 I have received complaints from people that the burqas are either open from the front or they are inappropriate from the back. And so, Hazrat Musleh-e-Maud ra advised the Lajna by saying: You should design your burqas yourselves as you know how to design them in a way so that they properly cover [you] and are also convenient. 8 Today, again we have the same need that burqas should serve the purpose of modesty as well as be convenient to manage during work. If you leave your clothes open for display then do not expect that men will keep their eyes down. They will examine you from head to toe. Some married couples and families are already suffering the consequences of these issues. Therefore, I would like to advise you that instead of racing towards the trends and fashions of this world you should excel in the race of religion. Adorn yours and your children s future in this world and in the hereafter. Once you give precedence to God Almighty over everything else and in every aspect of your life, then God Almighty promises in the Holy Qur an: [ But for him who fears to stand before his Lord, are two Gardens. ] 9 Expounding on this verse, the Promised Messiah as says: Those who reach out to God Almighty with truth and sincerity are never wasted and they are blessed with the favours of God Almighty in both worlds. Just as God Almighty said: [ For him who fears to stand before his Lord, are two Gardens. ] 10 This has been stated so that no one should think that by coming towards Me (i.e. going towards God Almighty) one would have to give up everything in this world. Instead they would inherit two paradises; one in this world and the other in the hereafter. 11 Thus we have to remember that God Almighty wants us to keep our eyes on OCTOBER 2017 THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS 57

58 preparing for tomorrow - raising pious children tomorrow. Thus we would be able to inherit the paradise of this world as well as the next. God Almighty does not limit the freedom of women. God Almighty desires that men and women stay within their own sphere of responsibilities and thus create an atmosphere of paradise in this world and also inherit the paradise of the afterlife by treading on the paths that enable them to earn His pleasure. May God Almighty enable everyone to live in a way that their actions become a source of God s pleasure and they inherit paradise in both worlds! Please join me in silent prayer. 5. Sweden To Hold Man-Free Music Festival, BBC News, 2017, co.uk/news/entertainment-arts Hazrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad as, The Philosophy of the Teachings of Islam, Ruhani Khazain vol.10, Hazrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad as, Malfuzat, Vol. 7, (UK: 1985), Hazrat Mirza Bashir-ud-Din Mahmood ra, Mastoorat se Khitaab, Anwar ul Uloom vol.12, ). 9. The Holy Qur an, 55: The Holy Qur an, 55:47. endnotes 11. Hazrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad as, Malfuzat, vol. 10, (UK: 1985), The Holy Qur an, 59: Hazrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad as, Malfuzat, vol. 2, (UK: 1985), Ali ibn Abd-al-Malik al-hindi, Kanz al-ummal, vol.6, (Beirut: Dar Al Kotob Al Ilmiyah, 2004), Hadith no Sahihul Bukhari, Kitab ul Adab Baab Kaifa Yakunu Al-Rajalu fi Ahlehi, Hadith no THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS OCTOBER 2017

59 AMA GALLERY UK The English Rendering of the 5 Volume Commentary of the Holy Qur an One of the most comprehensive commentaries of the Holy Qur an ever written. Commentary by Hadhrat Mirza Bashir-Ud-Din Mahmud Ahmad (ra) Read it online at: Or Purchase the print version at:

60 Mainlake Shutterstock The Tragedy at Karbala Muharram is the first month in the Islamic calendar. While other people tend to rejoice at the start of a new year, for Muslims, Muharram is a reminder of the great tragedy of Karbala that took place over a thousand years ago, in which Hazrat Imam Hussain ra the beloved grandson of the Holy Prophet sa was martyred, along with members of his family and his companions.

61 Each year as the month of Muharram approaches, Muslims around the world mourn the tragic events that took place in the fields of Karbala. Some Muslims take to the streets and wail excessively, beating their chests with their hands and other weapons. They believe that literally enacting the torment the family of the Holy Prophet sa went through at Karbala is an important aspect of the commemoration. Others take part in processions, specially organised functions and other events and gatherings in mosques and halls. However, the Head of the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community, Hazrat Mirza Masroor Ahmad aba, has reminded the Muslims that the true manner in which to observe this month is by reflecting on the great sacrifice of Hazrat Imam Hussain ra and expressing true love for the Holy Prophet sa and his family. In his Friday Sermons His Holiness aba has spoken on this subject and stated: Thus, Hazrat Imam Hussain ra, about whom the Promised Messiah as declared to be among the chiefs of those dwelling in paradise, has through his example of patience and steadfastness, demonstrated to us the pathway that leads to paradise. 1 His Holiness aba also stated: If the month of Muharram teaches us any lesson, then that is for one to always send salutations upon the Holy Prophet sa and his family. In order to fulfil our duties towards the grand objectives set out by the Imam of the age, we must strive to send salutations upon the Holy Prophet sa, occupy ourselves in prayers and try our utmost to bring about a pure change within ourselves. At the same time we must demonstrate steadfastness when faced with adversaries who bear the characteristics of Yazid [son of Muawiyah]. 2 He further stated: Invoking blessings on the Holy Prophet sa is a key factor for the acceptance of prayer. We should send salutations upon the Holy Prophet sa generally, however, during this month we should pay particular attention towards invoking blessings on the Holy Prophet sa. 3 ENDNOTES 1. Friday Sermon, Hazrat Mirza Masroor Ahmad aba, 23rd November Friday Sermon, Hazrat Mirza Masroor Ahmad aba, 10th December Ibid.

62 A Turning Point in History Karbala MUHAMMAD TAHIR NADEEM - FARNHAM, GUILFORD UK FROM THE ARCHIVES: December 2013 Translated from the Urdu by Shehzad Ahmad In the history of Islam there are countless number of incidences of such great sadness that can never be forgotten by any Muslim. Despite the elapse of so many years, the pain suffered cannot be diminished. One of the signs of a successful and prosperous nation is that even in its times of prosperity and opulence, it continuously reminds itself of its darker days. Thus, even today those who truly love the Holy Prophet Muhammad sa still feel the great pain of his sad demise and of the martyrdom of his companions and Khulafa. Even today, a Muslim s heart bleeds and eyes become tearful upon reading the horrific accounts of persecution inflicted upon the companions of the Holy Prophet sa, yet it is these very accounts of great sacrifices that open new avenues and set new goals for the future generations. One of such incidences took place in the first century of Islam, in Karbala, Iraq. Karbala Before 61 Hijri, Karbala was no more than a barren land, situated in Iraq along the Euphrates River. Approximately 100 kilometres from Baghdad, today it is a town that is densely populated with people and every year it is particularly made mention of during the holy month of Muharram of the Islamic calendar. The prominence of this town is due to the martyrdom of Hazrat Imam Hussain ra and his companions, which occurred in Karbala, where their graves are also located. 62 THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS OCTOBER 2017

63 Schwabenblitz Shutterstock Hazrat Imam Hussain ra Hazrat Imam Hussain ra was born to Hazrat Ali ra and Hazrat Fatimah ra. Hazrat Ali ra was the Fourth Rightly Guided Khalifah after the Holy Prophet sa and Hazrat Fatimah was the daughter of the Holy Prophet sa. On Hussain s ra birth the Holy Prophet sa recited the words of the Azaan (call for prayer) in his right ear and the Iqaamat (shortened verses of the Azaan, indicating that congregational prayer is about to start) in his left (this is an Islamic custom continued by Muslims even today). He also had the honour of having the Holy Prophet sa grant him his blessed saliva as his first nourishment, name him Hussain, perform his Aqeeqah (an Islamic ritual sacrificing an animal at the birth of a child) on the seventh day, shave his first hair and give Even today, a Muslim s heart bleeds and eyes become tearful upon reading the horrific accounts of persecution inflicted upon the companions of the Holy Prophet sa, yet it is these very accounts of great sacrifices that open new avenues and set new goals for the future generations. OCTOBER 2017 THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS 63

64 a turning point in history karbala its equal amount of weight in silver to charity and also sacrifice a few rams. His title was Abu Abdullah. 1 The Holy Prophet sa had great love for his two grandchildren, Hassan ra and Hussain ra. Hazrat Anas ra, a devoted servant of the Holy Prophet sa, said that among the family members of the Holy Prophet sa, he loved them the most. He would often go to their house to visit them and would greatly enjoy their childish behaviour, would kiss them and wrap them around his arms. Sometimes the Holy Prophet sa would take them alongside him to Masjid-e-Nabawi (the Prophet s Mosque in Madinah) and whilst he would be in the state of prostration they would climb onto his back. Once the Holy Prophet sa was delivering his Friday sermon and Hazrat Imam Hussain ra walked into the mosque. Upon seeing him, the Holy Prophet sa immediately got off the pulpit, picked him up and held him close to his chest. The Holy Prophet sa would often pray for them stating, Oh Allah I love them dearly, may you also treat them with love and affection. 2 Another time he said, Hussain is from me and I am of Hussain, may Allah love those who love Hussain. 3 Hazrat Abdullah ra narrates that the Holy Prophet sa said, Hassan and Hussain will be the leaders of the youth in Heaven. 4 Hazrat Imam Hussain ra had great mastery in knowledge, grace and speech and was prolific in charity, worship and offering the tahajjud (pre-dawn prayer). According to Hazrat Anas ra, both Imam Hassan ra and Imam Hussain ra resembled the Holy Prophet sa in appearance more than anyone else. 5 The Holy Prophet sa often used to say that both Hassan and Hussain were like the world s finest fragrance. 6 Hazrat Imam Hussain ra had the honour of spending approximately seven years in the love and care of the Holy Prophet sa. After the Holy Prophet s sa demise, Hazrat Abu Bakr Siddiq ra and Hazrat Umar ra (the first and second Rightly Guided Caliphs respectively after the Holy Prophet s sa demise) would take great care of Hazrat Imam Hussain ra and would be mindful of his close relationship with the Holy Prophet sa. During the time of Hazrat Usman s ra Caliphate, Hazrat Imam Hussain ra had become a young man and it was in his reign that he first took part in jihad (striving in the way of Allah) by being part of the Muslim army travelling towards Tibristan in 31 Hijri. During the time of the onset of the rebellion towards Hazrat Usman ra both 64 THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS OCTOBER 2017

65 Imam Hassan ra and Imam Hussain ra were appointed to guard his house by Hazrat Ali ra so that none of the rebels who had surrounded it could enter. 7 Introduction of Certain Names Before mentioning the details of the event that led to the martyrdom of Hazrat Imam Hussain ra, it would be appropriate to briefly introduce some key figures in relation to this incident. The majority were from the progeny of Abd Manaf and Abd Shams. Hashim was one of the sons of Abd Manaf and Abdul Muttalib was the son of Hashim. One of the sons of Abdul Muttalib was Abdullah, who was the father of the Holy Prophet Muhammad sa. Abdul Muttalib s other son was Abu Talib. Hazrat Ali ra and his brother Hazrat Aqeel ra were the sons of Abu Talib. Abd Manaf s other son was Abd Shams, whose son was Ummaiyah. Abu Sufyan ra was Ummaiyah s son and was the father of Hazrat Muawiyah ra. Also of importance is Yazid, who was Hazrat Muawiyah s ra son. Background to the Incident of Karbala After the martyrdom of Hazrat Ali ra in 40 Hijri, more than 20,000 people took the bai at (oath of initiation) of Hazrat Hassan ra. However, Hazrat Hassan ra During the time of Hazrat Usman s ra Caliphate, Hazrat Imam Hussain ra had become a young man and it was in his reign that he first took part in jihad (striving in the way of Allah) by being part of the Muslim army travelling towards Tibristan in 31 Hijri. During the time of the onset of the rebellion towards Hazrat Usman ra both Imam Hassan ra and Imam Hussain ra were appointed to guard his house by Hazrat Ali ra so that none of the rebels who had surrounded it could enter. withdrew from this title in favour of Hazrat Muawiyah ra, in order to avoid the potential bloodshed that could have occurred between the Muslims as a result of the dispute between the two. Hazrat Muawiyah ra in his own lifetime took the bai at from all of his governors and officials for his son Yazid to be appointed as his successor. And so, in 60 Hijri after OCTOBER 2017 THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS 65

66 a turning point in history karbala Hazrat Muawiyah s ra demise, according to the agreed appointment, Yazid took charge and instructed the Muslims to take his bai at, pledging obedience and loyalty towards him. A large section of the Muslims took Yazid s bai at, however some of the prominent and senior companions of the Holy Prophet sa disliked the method of appointment and declined. Among them were Hazrat Imam Hussain ra, Hazrat Abdullah bin Umar ra and Hazrat Abdullah bin Zubair ra. When the governor of Madinah insisted upon taking the bai at of Yazid, Hazrat Imam Hussain ra left the city for Makkah with his family and retired to Sha ib Abi Talib. When the people of Kufa discovered Hazrat Imam Hussain s ra decision not to pledge bai at to Yazid, they immediately wrote letters to him, requesting him to come to Kufa so that they could appoint him as their Amir and Khalifah. Hazrat Imam Hussain ra sent Hazrat Muslim bin Aqeel ra to enquire about the conditions in Kufa. Upon his arrival in Kufa, Hazrat Muslim bin Aqeel ra was given a rapturous welcome so he wrote to Hazrat Imam Hussain ra and urged him to come to Kufa. In Kufa the situation became out of hand and ultimately Muslim bin Aqeel ra was also arrested and martyred in a very cruel manner. Thereafter, those who were loyal to Hazrat Imam Hussain ra were searched for and killed. Hazrat Imam Hussain ra, unaware of the dramatic change in circumstances, had left for Kufa. When he had reached Tha lbiya, he found out about Hazrat Muslim bin Aqeel ra s martyrdom and understood the seriousness of the situation. He was advised by aides to turn back and not go to Kufa as there was no longer any support for him there. During the course of the journey various supporters of Hazrat Imam Hussain ra joined him along the way. After travelling some distance, Hazrat Imam Hussain ra received more news of the martyrdom of his supporters and the changing circumstances of the situation ahead. He stopped at one place and addressed his people stating that if anyone wanted to leave that they could do so. Upon hearing this many of those who had joined him along the way dispersed, leaving mostly those who had originally started the journey from Makkah. Most of the people in this group were the Ahl-e-Bait (Family of the Holy Prophet sa ) and the companions ra of the Holy Pophet sa. When Hazrat Imam Hussain ra and his caravan reached Ashraaf, the holy month of Muharram had begun. Hur bin Yazid with an army of a thousand, had 66 THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS OCTOBER 2017

67 surrounded Hazrat Imam Hussain ra and his caravan. Hazrat Imam Hussain ra told them that he had only come to Kufa at the request of its people and also showed them the letters that the people had written to him. Hur replied that were not concerned with the letters. Hazrat Imam Hussain ra addressed the army and said that if their opinion had changed then he would turn back. However, Hur responded that that he had been ordered to not let them return. On the second of Muharram a messenger from Ibn Ziad (Amir of Basra) came to Hur and directed him to surround Hazrat Imam Hussain ra and take them to such a barren land whereby there would be neither water nor any fort. Hence, it was decided to take Hazrat Imam Hussain ra and his companions to Karbala. On the The mosque of Imam Hussain ra in the city of Karbala, Iraq. Upon hearing this many of those who had joined him along the way dispersed, leaving mostly those who had originally started the journey from Makkah. Most of the people in this group were the Ahl-e-Bait (Family of the Holy Prophet sa ) and the companions ra of the Holy Pophet sa. OCTOBER 2017 THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS 67

68 third of Muharram Umar bin S ad also arrived with a 4,000-strong army from Kufa and was given the order to make Hazrat Imam Hussain ra and his companions take the bai at of Yazid and deal with the other matters later. After a few days had passed, another order was given that Hazrat Imam Hussain ra and his companions access to water from the Euphrates River should be stopped and with this followed a series of tortures by the much larger army, on the companions of Hazrat Imam Hussain ra. Day of A shur On Yaum e A shur, the 10th of Muharram, at sunrise, the army of Hazrat Imam Hussain ra took its stand in front of Yazid s army. The battle between truth and falsehood was about to be fought and the 72 devoted companions of Hazrat Imam Hussain ra were ready for battle against an army of 4,000 standing in front of them. As the battle commenced, the brave and courageous warriors would receive a blessing from Hazrat Imam Hussain ra and one after the other entered the battlefield. Exhausted from their long journey and full of thirst these lions that fought ever so fearlessly and displayed their skills of great bravery and were eventually martyred and now it was the turn of 68 THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS OCTOBER 2017

69 the members of the family of the Holy Prophet sa. As Hazrat Imam Hussain ra s son Ali Akbar stepped into the battlefield, the enemy put him to pieces and thereafter the members of the Ahl-e-Bait began to be martyred. After Ali Akbar it was Abdullah, Abddur Rehman, Qasim, the son of Hazrat Imam Hassan ra and his brothers Abu Bakr, Ja far, Usman and Abbas who were martyred. Martyrdom of Hazrat Imam Hussain ra It is narrated that when the enemy overcame the army of Hazrat Imam Hussain ra, he placed his horse in the We should show love and follow in the footsteps of the Holy Prophet sa which is the correct way of remembering him and showing gratitude for all that he did. Orhan Durgut Shutterstock direction of the Euphrates River. The army blocked Hazrat Imam Hussain s ra pathway and prevented him from getting to the river. The same person then threw a spear that hit Hazrat Imam Hussain ra in the face and embedded into his chin, thereafter a rain of swords fell upon him from all around until he was hit in the face by Sanaan bin Anas s spear, who OCTOBER 2017 THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS 69

70 a turning point in history karbala Yazid the impure carried out this injustice on the grandchild of the Holy Prophet sa but God rapidly brought his wrath upon them. then stepped forward and cut off Hazrat Imam Hussain ra s head which once used to be kissed by the blessed lips of the Holy Prophet sa. Regarding Hazrat Imam Hussain s ra state in war, it is said that he would be wearing a turban and would march into the enemy ranks as if he was a an equestrian of wrath. Before his martyrdom he stated: By God, after me you will not kill anyone whose death would incur the displeasure of God more than my death. By God, I am of the hope that God will humiliate you and will honour me. And will then avenge my death on you in such a manner that you will be left astounded. By God, if you kill me then God shall cause a war to break out amongst you. Your blood will be shed and even then He will not be satisfied and will multiply the punishment. After the demise of Hazrat Imam Hussain ra the enemy then moved towards the camp of Hazrat Imam Hussain ra and began to loot it and even removed the veils of the women. Umar bin Sa d then made an announcement calling for those among them to trample over the body Hazrat Imam Hussain ra with their horses. Hearing this, ten horsemen presented themselves and trampled over Hazrat Imam Hussain ra body to the extent that his chest and back were completely crushed. As a result of this battle Hazrat Imam Hussain ra had 45 wounds to his body; according to another narration, 33 wounds were caused by spears and 43 wounds by swords in addition to the wounds caused by the arrows. Not only that but his head was cut off and sent to the governor of Kufa. 8 God s Revenge Hazrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad as (the Promised Messiah) states, Yazid the impure carried out this injustice on the grandchild of the Holy Prophet sa but God rapidly brought his wrath upon them. 9 Even though Yazid and his companions were punished by God Almighty, another form of God s punishment was to make the progeny of those who transgressed 70 THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS OCTOBER 2017

71 accept and admit the mistakes of their forefathers and this was exactly the case with Yazid. Hazrat Mirza Bashiruddin Mahmood Ahmad ra, (the Promised Son and the second successor and worldwide head of the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community) in his book, Khilafat-e- Rashidah, writes: Not to speak of the consent of other people to the Khilafat of Yazid, his own son did not agree to it. Immediately after his accession to throne, he went into seclusion and surrendered the throne. It is a well-known historical event, but I am not sure why Muslim historians have not highlighted it. They should have repeated it frequently because it is another clear proof of the atrocities of Yazid. It is recorded that after the death of Yazid, his son, who was also named Muawiyah after his grandfather, acceded to throne and went home after taking the bai at of the people. He did not come out for forty days. When he came out, he rose to the pulpit and addressed the people that he had accepted the bai at from them, not because he was more entitled to it, but because he did not want dissention among them. He had been continuously meditating in his home to find a person more entitled to take the Bai at of the people so that he might get himself Hazrat Imam Hussain ra had no desire to acquire any power or government for himself but rather wanted to put an end to what was slowly becoming a monarchic rule that was forcing people to pledge allegiance to it in the name of Khilafat. relieved of chiefdom by handing it over to him. But in spite of his great efforts he did not find any such person. Therefore, he said, O people listen to it carefully that I am not fit for this post. I also want to tell you that my father and grandfather were also not entitled to this post. My father was inferior to Husain ra, and his father from the father of Hasan ra and Husain ra. Hazrat Ali ra at his time was more entitled for Khilafat than my grandfather, and after this Hassan ra and Husain ra were more entitled than my father. Therefore, I retire from this chiefdom, and you can take the bai at of the person of your choice. 10 OCTOBER 2017 THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS 71

72 a turning point in history karbala to love the prophets and the righteous people is mere wishful thinking until one does not adopt their attributes. What Did Hazrat Imam Hussain ra Intend? Hazrat Imam Hussain ra had no desire to acquire any power or government for himself but rather wanted to put an end to what was slowly becoming a monarchic rule that was forcing people to pledge allegiance to it in the name of Khilafat. Hazrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad as (the Promised Messiah) in one place writes, Hazrat Imam Hussain ra did not want to do the Bai at at the hands of a transgressor otherwise it would have discredited the religion. 11 Hazrat Mirza Masroor Ahmad aba (the fifth successor and worldwide head of the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community), in his sermon delivered on the 10th of December 2010 stated: Hazrat Imam Hussain ra only had one purpose; he did not want any power but wanted to establish the truth and that is what he did. Hazrat Musleh Ma ud ra [Mirza Bashir-Ud-Din Mahmud Ahmad, the second successor of the Promised Messiah as ] has given a beautiful explanation that Hazrat Imam Hussain ra took his stand in support of the principle; that is, that the right of electing the Khalifah lies with the people of the country, the whole of the community. A son cannot inherit this right from his father and that this principle is of the same significance today as it was before. In fact the martyrdom of Hazrat Imam Hussain ra has further signified this right. Hence it was Hazrat Imam Hussain ra who succeeded, and not Yazid. Hazrat Imam Hussain ra had no intention of fighting or causing any kind of bloodshed and his persistent statement that he would refrain from initiating the battle, is a powerful argument of his intentions. His Holiness aba further states: Despite declining to take the bai at, Hazrat Imam Hussain ra however constantly tried to seek reconciliation and when he realised the danger of the Muslim bloodshed, he told them to go back stating that those who could, should 72 THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS OCTOBER 2017

73 leave. Those that insisted upon staying with him were approximately 30 to 40 and also his family members remained behind with him. Furthermore, he told the representatives of Yazid that he did not want to fight and they should let him go, so that he may go and worship God or go and fight in the Jihad and become martyred in the way of Islam. Or they should take him to Yazid so he could tell him the reality of the matter but the representatives did not listen to a single word of his. How Should the Holy Month of Muharram Be Remembered? Hazrat Imam Hussain ra was extremely pious and noble and everyone should try to follow the example of people like him. Hazrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad as (the Promised Messiah) has stated: Hussain was a pious man and surely was from among the noble people whom God Almighty Himself purifies and fills them with His love and is from among the leaders of heaven. And to hold even the slightest of grudges against him can endanger one s faith. His righteousness, love for God, patience, piety and worship is a perfect model for us and we are the followers of that guidance which was granted to him. Such a heart is completely destroyed that bears enmity towards him but one that displays love for him through his actions and perfectly reflects every trace of his faith, morals, bravery, righteousness, patience and love for God will surely succeed. 12 What is the correct manner to remember the martyrdom of Hazrat Imam Hussain ra? Expounding on this subject Hazrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad as (the Promised Messiah) writes: to love the prophets and the righteous people is mere wishful thinking until one does not adopt their attributes. 13 The best way of remembering Muharram is thus that one should strive to become in character like Hussain ra and adopt all his qualities. And for that a constant striving is required that is spread over the span of one s lifetime. Hazrat Mirza Masroor Ahmad aba in his Friday sermon delivered on the 10th of December 2012 expounded on what activities a Muslim should practice during these days. He stated that one should recite Durud Shareef (invoking salutations and blessings upon the Holy Prophet sa and his physical and spiritual progeny) as this is the best way of translating one s emotions OCTOBER 2017 THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS 73

74 a turning point in history karbala felt from the incident of Karbala and to alleviate the oppression. And the Durud is also a means of comfort for the physical and spiritual progeny of the Holy Prophet sa. It is the best way to show one s love for the dear ones of the Holy Prophet sa. May God Almighty enable us to invoke as much Durud as possible and may this Durud prove to be a source of blessings for us also. May God Almighty enable us to always love the progeny of the Holy Prophet sa and enable us to always send Durud. 7. Jalal ul Din Sayuti, Tarikh ul Khulafa. 8. Tarikhut Tabari, vol.6, (Beirut: Darul Fikr, 2002), Hazrat Mirza Bashir Ahmad ra, Seerat Tayyiba, Hazrat Mirza Bashir-Ud-Din Mahmud Ahmad ra, Khilafat-e-Rashidah, Anwar Ul Uloom,, vol.15, Hazrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad as, Malfuzat, vol. 4, 580. endnotes 12. Hazrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad as, Majmoo a Ishtiharaat, vol.2, Seerat Al-Sahaba, vol. 6 (Lahore: Idaarah Islamiyaat), Hazrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad as,malfoozat, vol.4, Sahihul Bukhari, Kitabul Fazail. 3. Sunan At-Tirmadhi, Kitabul Munafiq, Hadith No Al-Mustadrik Al-Haakam, Kitabul Ma rifah Ashaab Wa Min Munaaqib Al-Hasan wa Al-Hussain, Hadith No YOUR FEEDBACK IS IMPORTANT TO US Write to us with comments, feedback and suggestions at info@reviewof Religions.org 5. Sahihul Bukhari, Kitabul Fazail. 6. Sahihul Bukhari, Kitabul Fazail. 74 THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS OCTOBER 2017

75 Deep in the heart of the Arab Peninsula, amidst the desert and the valleys of Pharan, stands a modest bricked structure. This monument is undisputedly the single most sacred, revered and Holy Shrine of Islam; the compass point for which the Muslim world aligns itself on a daily basis in prostration to God. Its name is the Ka bah, literally translating from Arabic as the cube, but is synonymously referred to as Baytul Haram or the Sacred House. It was established for the benefit of the whole of mankind, to act as a centre for the unification of humanity. Does its inception lie with the earliest human populations viz-aviz Adam as and his Community or were Abraham as and his son Ishmael as the individuals responsible for its initial erection? And what purpose does the Ka bah actually serve? Purchase print copy:

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77 NEW BOOK NOAH S ARK AN INVITATION TO FAITH From 1896 to 1914 the plague ravaged British India, and more particularly, the province of Punjab. During these perilous times, as towns and cities were devoured, the British government undertook efforts to save the people from this pandemic through inoculation. It was in this backdrop that Mirza Ghulam Ahmad of Qadian penned Noah s Ark in In it the author elaborates the essence of his teachings and states that those who sincerely follow its tenets would be saved miraculously from the onslaughts of this epidemic, even without inoculation. This was a prophecy vouchsafed to him by God. History testifies to the magnificent fulfilment of this prophecy. The book Noah s Ark shines as a beacon of hope not only for the people of the past, but also now and shall continue to grant salvation to the world in all ages. It is a book that stands as one of the most influential works of the Promised Messiah and Mahdi, and continues to transform lives even today. Read online: Purchase print copy:

78 Divine Decree and Punishment

79 User Samiph222 Shutterstock EXTRACTS FROM THE ESSENCE OF ISLAM VOLUME II

80 Divine Decree and Punishment HAZRAT MIRZA GHULAM AHMAD AS, THE PROMISED MESSIAH & IMAM MAHDI The Promised Messiah as wrote over 80 books in Arabic, Urdu, and Persian. Excerpts of his collected works have been translated into English and organised by topic. The Review of Religions is pleased to present these excerpts as part of a monthly feature. Here, the Promised Messiah as elaborates on the subject of divine decree and determination. Extracts from the Essence of Islam, Vol.II, pp Divine Decree and Determination It should be remembered that though everything has been determined by Divine decree, yet this does not exclude science and knowledge, as everyone has to acknowledge that the use of appropriate medicines, through the grace and mercy of God Almighty, benefits the patient. In the same way everyone who is bestowed comprehension of the Divine has to acknowledge as the result of experience that prayer has a relationship with acceptance. This is a mystery which has been demonstrated through the experience of millions of the righteous and our experience has demonstrated the hidden reality that our prayers have a magnetic quality which attracts the grace and mercy of God, though we may not be able to convince others of this verity through logical reasoning. 80 THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS OCTOBER 2017

81 [Ayyam-us-Sulh, Ruhani Khaza in, vol. 14, pp ] It is not within the power of man to transcend the bounds of Divine decrees and scheme of things. [Brahin-e-Ahmadiyya, Part V, Ruhani Khaza in, vol. 21, p. 3] Man is subject to Divine decree. If a human design should not be in accord with the design of God, no amount of effort can succeed in putting it into effect; but when the time of the design of God arrives, that which had appeared most difficult becomes easily available. [Brahin-e-Ahmadiyya, Part V, Ruhani Khaza in, vol. 21, p. 3] It should be remembered that though everything has been determined by Divine decree, yet this does not exclude science and knowledge, as everyone has to acknowledge that the use of appropriate medicines, through the grace and mercy of God Almighty, benefits the patient. In the same way everyone who is bestowed comprehension of the Divine has to acknowledge as the result of experience that prayer has a relationship with acceptance. OCTOBER 2017 THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS 81

82 Two Types of Divine Decrees Divine decrees are of two types; one may be described as suspended, and the other as absolute. The operation of a suspended decree may be averted by the grace of God Almighty through prayer and almsgiving. The operation of an absolute decree cannot be averted through prayer and almsgiving, though God Almighty bestows some other benefit in return for them. In some cases God Almighty causes a delay in the operation of a decree. The knowledge of these two types of divine decrees can be gathered from the Holy Qur an. [Malfuzat, vol. I, pp ] Understanding Divine decree and man s place in the world allows us to excel and follow the correct course of action in any situation we face. Evdokimov Maxim Shutterstock The Holy Qur an has set out certain matters for the establishment of the principle that God Almighty is One and is the source and goal of everything from which foolish critics have deduced the doctrine of compulsion. He is the causa causans and is the Provider of all means. This is the reason why God Almighty has in some cases described Himself as the Cause of all causes in the Holy Qur an, without mention of intervening means. 82 THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS OCTOBER 2017

83 A perusal of the Holy Qur an discloses that at certain places these means have also been clearly specified so that man should pay heed to them. Besides, the Holy Qur an specifies the punishment of evil and lays down penalties. If there was to be an unalterable system of Divine decrees and determination and man was to be under absolute compulsion what justification was there for these punishments and penalties? Prayer And Divine Determination are Juxtaposed It should be remembered that, unlike the atheists, the Holy Qur an does not confine everything within the system of physical causes, but seeks to lead mankind to belief in the pure Unity of God. Most people do not realise the true nature of prayer, nor do they comprehend the relationship between prayer and Divine determination. God Almighty opens the way for those who have recourse to prayer and does not reject their supplications. Prayer and Divine determination are juxtaposed to each other. God has appointed times for both. His Providence has directed: It should be remembered that, unlike the atheists, the Holy Qur an does not confine everything within the system of physical causes, but seeks to lead mankind to belief in the pure Unity of God. Most people do not realise the true nature of prayer, nor do they comprehend the relationship between prayer and Divine determination. Call Me, I shall respond to you. That is why I have always said that the God of the Muslims responds to their supplications; but the god who has not created a single particle or who died under the scourging of the Jews, how can he respond? وت اکر زںیم راوکن اسیتخ ہکاب اامسں زین رپدایتخ OCTOBER 2017 THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS 83

84 divine decree and punishment the effectiveness of Prayer are under a misconception. The Holy Qur an sets out two aspects of Prayer. In one aspect God Almighty enforces His own will and in the other aspect He responds to the prayer of a servant. In the verse: You will only get what you work and strive for which creates equality and fairness in the world we live in. No person will be granted more than they have earned. yuttana Contributor Studio Shutterstock It is not wise to attempt reconciliation between choice and compulsion on the basis of one s self-conceived and supposed logic and reasoning. This is a vain attempt. One must Honour Godhead and Providence duly and an attempt to comprehend the mysteries of Godhead is disrespectful. Two Aspects of Prayer Divine decrees and determination have a close relationship with prayer. Prayer averts the operation of a suspended decree. Prayer is certainly effective against difficulties. Those who deny God Almighty requires obedience to His will. The meaning is that man s response to an absolute Divine decree must be: The other time is of the upsurge of the waves of the grace and mercy of God Almighty; it is indicated in: A believer should have knowledge of both these aspects. The Sufis say that a person s absolute dependence upon God does not become perfect without his being able to distinguish the proper place and occasion for supplication. It has been said that a Sufi does not pray till he recognises that it is time for prayer. Sayyed Abd-ul-Qadir Jilani (may Allah be pleased with him) has said that 84 THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS OCTOBER 2017

85 through prayer an unfortunate one is rendered fortunate. He has even gone so far as to affirm that deeply hidden matters, which resemble an absolute decree, can also be averted by prayer. In short it should always be remembered in connection with prayer that sometimes God Almighty requires obedience to His own will and at other times He grants the supplication of a servant of His. In other words, He deals with His servant like a friend. The prayers of the Holy Prophet sa were accepted on a grand scale and corresponding to this he stood very high in bowing to the will of God and in accepting it cheerfully. He lost eleven children, but he never asked Why? [Malfuzat, vol. III, pp ] It is the way of Allah that when an action proceeds from man its effect is duly manifested by God Almighty. For instance, when we close all the doors of a room, this is our action and the result it entails, namely, that our room becomes dark is the effect of our action manifested by God Almighty. This is God s eternal law. In the same way if we were to swallow poison in a fatal dose, this would doubtless be our action; our death following upon this action of ours would be God s In short it should always be remembered in connection with prayer that sometimes God Almighty requires obedience to His own will and at other times He grants the supplication of a servant of His. In other words, He deals with His servant like a friend. action in accord with His eternal law. Thus every action of ours is followed by a Divine action that is manifested after our action and is its necessary result. This system operates both in that which is manifest and also in that which is hidden. Every good or bad action of ours creates an effect which is manifested after our action. The meaning of the verse of the Holy Qur an: is that when a person does evil its effect is manifested by God Almighty on his heart and his countenance. The same is the meaning of the verse: OCTOBER 2017 THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS 85

86 divine decree and punishment If God were to punish people for all that they do by their free choice no living creature would be left on the earth. This means that Man will have nothing but that which he strives for and striving is necessary for earning a reward. Then is it said: that is to say, when they turned away from the truth God Almighty turned their hearts away from being in accord with the truth and in the end, in consequence of their hostility, a change was brought about in them and they were so corrupted that the poison of their hostility overwhelmed their natural light. [Kitab-ul-Bariyyah, Ruhani Khaza in, vol. 13, pp ] Man will have Nothing but what He Strives for You have raised the objection that the Holy Qur an shows that man acts under compulsion and is given no choice. You seem to have overlooked the verses which clearly indicate man s choice and his acquisition of good or evil; for instance: meaning that if God were to punish people for all that they do by their free choice no living creature would be left on the earth. Again it is said: Each one shall have the benefit of the good he does and shall suffer the consequences of the ill he works. It is also said: Whoso acts righteously, it is for the good of his own self and whoso does evil bears the burden thereof. 86 THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS OCTOBER 2017

87 Again it is said: How will it be when they are afflicted with a misfortune on account of that which their hands had wrought aforetime. All these verses show that man has choice in his actions. In this connection Mr. Abdullah Atham has set forth the verse: God does not condemn anyone to eternal punishment unless they have made continuous bad errors and they have earned it. Therefore all people are born with the opportunity to do good or evil and face the consequences of their actions. arrowsmith2 Shutterstock and argues from it that this proves compulsion. He is under a misunderstanding. In this verse the word Amr means administration and governance. This verse sets forth the thinking of those who had said: Had we any share in matters of governance, we would have so planned that the trouble that was encountered in the battle of Uhud would have been avoided. In reply to them God Almighty said: Tell them all governance belongs to Allah. They were admonished to obey the Holy Prophet sa in all circumstances. This verse has nothing to do with choice or compulsion. The reference is to the thinking of some persons that if they had been consulted they would have proposed something different. God Almighty admonished them that the matter was not one for consultation but was a Divine commandment. It should be clearly understood that Taqdir means only the determination of a measure; as Allah the Glorious says: OCTOBER 2017 THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS 87

88 divine decree and punishment This does not show that man has been deprived of choice. Indeed choice is a part of that measure. God Almighty having taken the measure of human nature and human capacity called it Taqdir, and as part of it He determined up to what degree man would have choice in his actions. He has created everything and has determined its measure. This does not show that man has been deprived of choice. Indeed choice is a part of that measure. God Almighty having taken the measure of human nature and human capacity called it Taqdir, and as part of it He determined up to what degree man would have choice in his actions. It is a great mistake to interpret Taqdir as meaning that man is under compulsion not to take advantage of the faculties bestowed upon him by God. This might be illustrated by drawing attention to the mechanism of a watch which cannot continue to work beyond the measure determined by its maker. In the same way a human being cannot achieve anything that is beyond the faculties that are bestowed upon him, nor can he live beyond his allotted span of life. God does Not Condemn People Without Cause It is a grievous mistake to imagine that the Holy Qur an has adjudged some people as deserving of hell as a matter of compulsion and that they have been compulsorily subjected to the authority of Satan. On the contrary God Almighty had said in the Holy Qur an, addressing Satan: O Satan! you will have no authority over My true servants. Behold how clearly does Allah Almighty proclaim man s freedom. This single verse should be enough to satisfy a just minded person. However, the Gospel of Matthew tells a different tale. Matthew states that Satan took Jesus to tempt him. This would mean that Satan had so much authority that he led a holy Prophet by compulsion from place to place and directed him impertinently to prostrate 88 THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS OCTOBER 2017

89 himself before him. Again the devil took him to a high mountain and showed him all the kingdoms of the earth and their glory. See Matthew, 4:1-8. Reflection would show that these verses illustrate that Satan possessed Divine powers. He took Jesus who was unwilling, to a high mountain by his own authority and exercised the power which belongs to God Almighty alone, to show Jesus all the kingdoms of the earth. Your being convinced that the Holy Qur an teaches that some people have been compulsorily condemned to hell or have their hearts sealed merely shows that you have never studied the Qur an in a just manner. Consider what Allah the Glorious has said: Addressing Satan, Allah says: I will surely fill hell with thee and with those who follow thee from among them, all together. This shows clearly that God Almighty will not condemn people to hell without cause. He will so condemn only those who would have earned such condemnation through their misconduct. It is also said: He adjudges astray many through this world and guides aright many, but He adjudges astray only those who chose to go astray and are guilty of misdeeds. This means that man is judged by God according to his conduct; as when a person opens the window of his room that faces the sun the light of the sun naturally falls on his face, but when he shuts the window he creates darkness in the room by his own action. As God Almighty is the Causa Causans, He ascribes both these consequences to Himself, but He has repeatedly expounded in His Holy Word that the misguidance which a person conceives is the consequence of his own misconduct, God Almighty does not wrong anyone as is said: So when they deviated from the right OCTOBER 2017 THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS 89

90 divine decree and punishment This means that man is judged by God according to his conduct; as when a person opens the window of his room that faces the sun the light of the sun naturally falls on his face, but when he shuts the window he creates darkness in the room by his own action. course, Allah made their hearts perverse. At another place it is said: In their hearts was a disease, Allah caused their disease to grow worse. That is to say God tried them and made their condition manifest. Then it is said: however, be raised against your scriptures. In Exodus, 4:21, God said to Moses: I shall harden the heart of Pharaoh. If his heart was hardened its consequence was that he was condemned to hell. See Exodus 7:3; Proverbs 16:4; Exodus 10:3 and Deuteronomy 29:4, Yet the Lord has not given you an heart to perceive and eyes to see, and ears to hear, unto this day. Is this not a clear instance of compulsion? Then see Psalms I 48:6 He appointed a decree that cannot be averted ; and Romans 9:18: Shall the thing formed say to him that formed it, why hast thou made me thus? All these references show that your own scriptures are open to the objection that you have raised against the Holy Qur an. [ Jang-e-Muqaddas, Ruhani Khaza in, vol. 6, pp ] Allah set a seal on their hearts on account of their disbelief. This objection of compulsion can, endnotes 1. You did not fare well in performing the tasks of this world; By what right, then, do you seek to handle the heavens. 90 THE REVIEW OF RELIGIONS OCTOBER 2017

91 THE PHILOSOPHY OF THE TEACHINGS OF ISLAM MIRZA GHULAM AHMAD THE PROMISED MESSIAH & MAHDI AS SERIALISED IN The Review of Religions The Review of Religions serialised the famous treatise The Philosophy of the Teachings of Islam, by the founder of the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community. Initially written for the Conference of Great Religions on December 26-29,1896, each speaker at the conference was asked to present to the audience the beauties of their own religion based upon its scripture, proving that it was the true religion, based on the following topics: The Physical, Moral, and Spiritual States of Man; What is the State of Man after Death? Read online: Or purchase here: store.alislam.org/englishbooks.html The Object of Man s Life and the Means of its Attainment; The Operation of the Practical Ordinances of the Law in This Life and the Next; Sources of Divine Knowledge

92 JANUARY 2016 Of Mice and Men 10 JULY 2016 World in Crisis - How do we Cope? 10 The Keys to Peace in a Time of Global Disorder 20 True Mosques Transmit Only Love and Peace Opening of the Baitul Ahad Mosque in Japan 40 Qur anic History and the Role of Islamic Calligraphy 46 VOL ISSUE ONE The Economic System of Islam 52 VOL ISSUE SEVEN The Philosophy of Eid ul Fitr 58 FEBRUARY 2016 Are Religious Parents Brainwashing Their Children? 14 AUGUST 2016 Ask The Review of Religions 10 Pray for Children Instead of Punishing Them 24 Wonders of the Universe Apartheid of Ahmadis in Pakistan 32 Five Reasons Why Some Christians Are Shroud Sceptics 32 VOL ISSUE TWO The Economic System of Islam 50 VOL ISSUE EIGHT The Economic System of Islam 52 MARCH 2016 End Times, Armageddon & the Return of the Messiah 10 SEPTEMBER 2016 Hajj Pilgrimage to the House of God 10 What are the Signs of the Second Coming of the Messiah? 28 The Review of Religions Exhibition: An Interfaith Event 32 Real Peace on Earth 40 My First Visit to Jalsa Salana 36 VOL ISSUE THREE Recognising the Celestial Signs of Almighty God 48 VOL ISSUE NINE The Economic System of Islam 76 THE FRONT COVERS OF OUR 12 EDITIONS IN 2016 RETURN OF THE ABSOLUTE EVIL? Are RELIGIOUS PARENTS BRAINWASHING Their CHILDREN? NO MORE WAITING? WORLD IN CRISIS HOW DO WE COPE? WONDERS of the UNIVERSE CELEBRATING SACRIFICE: EID-UL-ADHA To order back issues info@reviewofreligions.org

93 APRIL 2016 Good Mosques, Good Neighbours 14 OCTOBER 2016 Building Bridges of Peace 10 Jonah as and the Big Fish? 28 Glimpse into the Life of Prophet Muhammad sa Why Alcohol is Prohibited in Islam 42 A Short Sketch of Muslim History 28 VOL ISSUE FOUR The Economic System of Islam 62 VOL ISSUE TEN The Economic System of Islam? 52 MAY 2016 Terrorism Was Never Justified by the Prophet Mohammad sa 10 NOVEMBER 2016 Islam: Restoring Women s Rights 8 Peace Requires Compassion 32 Deliverance of Afflictions 28 Gene Editing: Harnessing the Power of Nature 36 Justice in an Unjust World 32 VOL ISSUE FIVE The Economic System of Islam 62 VOL ISSUE ELEVEN The Qur an on War and Peace 50 JUNE 2016 Should Islam Really be Feared...? 10 DECEMBER 2016 Human Values The Foundation for a Peaceful World 12 Qur anic History & the Role of Islamic Calligraphy 26 A Glimpse into the Life of The Holy Prophet Muhammad sa 32 On Fasting 46 Justice The Prerequisite to a Peaceful World 34 VOL ISSUE SIX The Economic System of Islam 50 VOL ISSUE TWELVE Mary: A Personal Reflection 52 RELIGIOUS DIVERSITY, LEARNING FROM LEICESTER TERRORISM WAS NEVER JUSTIFIED by the PROPHET MOHAMMAD SHOULD ISLAM REALLY BE FEARED...? BUILDING BRIDGES of PEACE ISLAM: Restoring Women s Rights WHAT ARE THE FOUNDATIONS for a PEACEFUL WORLD? A historic address at Canada s National Parliament SUBSCRIBE 12 EDITIONS for just 15 GBP or $30 USD or $36 CAD STUDENTS! 12 EDITIONS for just 5 GBP or $10 USD or $12 CAD

94 CALENDAR of RELIGIOUS EVENTS & FESTIVALS OCTOBER 2017 Thursday 5 th October 2017 Faith: Judaism Event: Sukkot Friday 13 th October 2017 Faith: Judaism Event: Simchat Torah Thursday 19 th October 2017 Faith: Hinduism Event: Diwali Sukkot is also known as the Feast of Tabernacles, or the Feast of Booths. Sukkot commemorates the years that the Jews spent in the desert on their way to the Promised Land, and celebrates the way in which God protected them under difficult desert conditions. The literal meaning of the word Sukkot is hut or booths and Jews celebrate this festival by building huts. Each family builds a hut and lives in it during the days of the holiday, although in colder countries people can fulfil this obligation by only eating their meals inside the hut. Simchat Torah is a Jewish holiday that celebrates and marks the conclusion of the annual cycle of public Torah readings, and the beginning of a new cycle. Simchat Torah means Rejoicing in the Torah and comes after the Sukkot holiday and Shemini Atzeret. The main celebrations of Simchat Torah take place in the synagogue during evening and morning services. Diwali is the Hindu festival of lights, it comes from the Sanskrit word, Deepawali which means rows of lighted lamps. Diwali falls on the 15th day of Kartika which is the holiest month in the Hindu calendar. The celebration of Diwali extends over five days and celebrates the triumph of light over darkness, good over evil, and knowledge over ignorance. Diwali is celebrated by lighting oil lamps on the streets and in the houses and also by setting of fireworks. The Hindu goddess of wealth, Lakshmi, is worshipped as the bringer of blessings for the New Year.

95 NOTE ABOUT REFERENCES Verse references to the Holy Qur an count Bismillah (In the Name of Allah ) as the first verse of each Chapter. In some non-standard texts, this is not counted. Should the reader refer to such texts, the verse quoted in The Review of Religions will be found a verse earlier, i.e. at one verse less than the number quoted in this journal. For the ease of non-muslim readers, sa or (saw) after the words, Holy Prophet, or the name Muhammad, are used normally in small letters. They stand for Sallallahu alaihi wa sallam meaning peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. Likewise, the letters as or (as) after the name of all other prophets is an abbreviation meaning peace be upon him derived from Alaihis salatu wassalam which are words that a Muslim utters out of respect whenever he or she comes across that name. The abbreviation ra or (ra) stands for Raziallahu Ta ala anhu and is used for Companions of a Prophet, meaning Allah be pleased with him or her (when followed by the relevant Arabic pronoun). Finally, rh or (rh) for Rahemahullahu Ta ala means the Mercy of Allah the Exalted be upon him. In keeping with current universal practice, local transliterations of names of places are preferred to their anglicised versions, e.g. Makkah instead of Mecca, etc. SUBSCRIPTION Subscription Contacts: India - Khursheed Ahmad india@reviewofreligions.org Tel: Tel: Fax: USA - Adnan Ahmed Bhalli usa@reviewofreligions.org Tel: Canada - Muhammad Dawood Khalid canada@reviewofreligions.org Tel: Nigeria - Qasim Oyekola nigeria@reviewofreligions.org Tel: Ghana - Naeem A. Cheema ghana@reviewofreligions.org Tel: UK - Athar Ahmad Bajwa uk@reviewofreligions.org Tel: For all other subscription issues or for general enquiries info@reviewofreligions.org or contact Head Office: Tahir House 22 Deer Park Road, London SW19 3TL

96 The Review of Religions, in print since 1902, is one of the longest-running comparative religious magazines. The objective of the magazine is to present the teachings of Islam, reflecting its rational, harmonious and inspiring nature. It also brings together articles and viewpoints on different religions and seeks to make discussions on religion and religious philosophy accessible to a wider readership. The magazine is devoted to promoting intellectual and lively debate that is based on respect for all prophets and religions. Islam repeatedly stresses the need to seek knowledge and The Review of Religions provides a unique platform for people to acquire, and share knowledge. Yearly subscription is only 15 sterling or $30 for overseas customers. To subscribe, or for more info, visit Follow us on ISLAMIC PUBLICATIONS, 2017 ISSN NO