Ummy its Meanings. Page 1 of 8

Transcription

1 Ummy its Meanings Page 1 of 8

2 Table of Contents Ummy its Meanings... 3 Introduction:... 3 Why do they Allege that Prophet Muhammad saww was Illiterate (Nauzobillah)?... 4 The meaning of Ummy... 5 Makkah the Mother City... 7 Abbreviations: saww: - Sal lal la ho Allay hay Wa Aal lay he Wasallam azwj: - Az Za Wa Jalla asws: - Allay hay Salawat Wass Salam AJFJ: Ajal Allah hey wa Fara Jaak ra: - Razi Allah azwj La: - Laan Allah azwj Page 2 of 8

3 ب س م الل ه الر ح ن الر ح يم ا ل م د ل ل ه ر ب ال عال م ني, و ص ل ى الل ه ع لى س ي د ن ا م م د و آل ه الط اه ر ين, و س ل م ت س ل يما. In the Name of Allah azwj the Beneficent, the Merciful. The Praise is for Allah azwj Lord azwj of the Worlds, and Blessing be upon our Chief Muhammad saww and his saww Purified Progeny asws, and greetings with abundant greetings. Introduction: ا لل ه م ص ل ع لى م م د و آل م م د و ع ج ل ف ر ج ه م و ال ع ن أ ع د ائ ه م ا ج ع ني Ummy its Meanings Some Muslims allege that Prophet Muhammad saww could neither write nor read (Nauzobillah)! In the first very Holy Verse, however, Allah azwj Commands Prophet Muhammad saww to read! Allah azwj Knew very well that His Prophet saww could read. اق ر أ ب اس م ر ب ك ال ذ ي خ ل ق }1{ Read in the Name of your Lord Who Created! [96:1] ع د ة م ن أ ص ح اب ن ا ع ن أ ح د ب ن م م د و س ه ل ب ن ز ي اد ع ن م ن ص ور ب ن ال ع ب اس ع ن م م د ب ن ا ل س ن الس ر ي ع ن ع م ه ع ل ي ب ن الس ر ي ع ن أ ب ع ب د الل ه ) عليه السالم ( ق ال أ و ل م ا ن ز ل ع ل ى ر س ول الل ه ) صلى اهلل عليه وآله ( ب س م الل ه الر ح ن الر ح يم اق ر أ ب اس م ر ب ك و آخ ر ه إ ذ ا ج اء ن ص ر الل ه. A number of our companions, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, and Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Mansour Bin Al Abbas, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al Sarriy, from his uncle Ali Bin Al Sariy, (It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah asws having said: The first of what was Revealed upon Rasool-Allah saww was In the Name of Allah azwj the Beneficent, the Merciful, Read in the name of your Lord Who Created [96:1] and the last of it (Chapter Revealed) was When there comes the help of Allah and the victory [110:1]. 1 Also in the Holy Quran, Allah azwj Says: و ق ال ال ذ ين ك ف ر وا إ ن ه ذ ا إ ل إ ف ك اف ت ر اه و أ ع ان ه ع ل ي ه ق و م آخ ر ون ف ق د ج اء وا ظ ل م ا و ز ور ا }4{ و ق ال وا أ س اط ري ا ل و ل ني اك ت ت ب ه ا ف ه ي ت ل ى ع ل ي ه ب ك ر ة و أ ص يال }5{ And those who commit Kufr are saying, Surely, this is only a lie. He fabricated it and he is being assisted upon it by other people, so they have come with injustice and falsehood [25:4] 1 Al Kafi V 2 The Book Of Merits of the Quran CH 14 H 5 Page 3 of 8

4 And they are saying, Stories of the former ones! He had these written out, and these are being dictated to him (in the) morning and evening [25:5] مث قال علي بن إبراهيم و يف رواية أ ب اجلارود عن أ ب جعفر )عليه السالم( يف قوله: إ ل إ ف ك اف ت اه قال:»اإلفك: الكذب و أ عان ه ع ل ي ه ق و م آخ ر ون يعنون أبا فكيهة و حربا و عداسا و عابسا موىل حويطب Then Ali Bin Ibrahim said, And in a report of Abu Al-Jaroud, (It has been narrated) from Abu Ja far asws regarding His azwj Words: Surely this is only a lie. He fabricated it [25:4], he asws said: Al-Ifak (اإلفك) is the lie, and he is being assisted upon it by other people - meaning Abu Fakeyhat, and Habra, and Adasa, and Abasa the slave of Huweytab. و قوله: أ ساط ري ا ل و ل ني اك ت ت ب ها فهو قول النضر بن ا لارث بن علقمة بن كلدة قال: أساطري ا لولني اكتتبها ممد فهي تلى عليه بكرة و أصيال«. And His azwj Words: Stories of the former ones! He had these written out - This is the speech of Al-Nazar Bin Al-Haris Bin Alqama Bin Kaldat who said, Stories of the former ones! Muhammad saww had these written out, and these are being dictated to him (in the) morning and evening [25:5]. 2 So, it was well known among the non-believers of that time that Prophet Muhammad saww could read and write. So why some Muslims got confused that the Holy Prophet was illiterate (Nauzobillah)? We look at the Holy Verse which is frequently presented in the support of their assumption. Why do they Allege that Prophet Muhammad saww was Illiterate (Nauzobillah)? Some Muslims have assumed that holy Prophet saww was illiterate (nauzobillah) based on the following Verse: ال ذ ين ي ت ب ع ون الر س ول الن ب ا ل م ي ال ذ ي ي د ون ه م ك ت وب ا ع ن د ه م يف الت و ر اة و اإل ن يل ي م م ر ه م ب ال م ع ر وف و ي ن ه اه م ع ن ال م ن ك ر و ي ل ل م الط ي ب ات و ي ر م ع ل ي ه م ا ل ب ائ ث و ي ض ع ع ن ه م إ ص ر ه م و ا ل غ ال ل ال ت ك ان ت ع ل ي ه م ف ال ذ ين آم ن وا ب ه و ع ز ر وه و ن ص ر وه و ات ب ع وا الن ور ال ذ ي أ ن ز ل م ع ه أ ول ئ ك ه م ال م ف ل ح ون } 157 { 2 تفسير القم ي. 111 :2 Page 4 of 8

5 Those who are following the Rasool, the Prophet, the Ummy (Makkan) whom they are finding written with them in the Torah and the Evangel (that) he would be instructing them with the good things and forbidding them from the evil, and permitting for them the good things and prohibiting upon them the bad, and removing from them their burdens and their shackles which would be upon them. So those who believe in him, and assist him, and help him, and follow the Light which descends with him, they would be the successful ones [7:157] قال نسب إىل مك ة و ذلك من قول الل ه ل ت ن ذ ر أ م ال ق رى و م ن ح و ل ا* و أم و عن الباقرعليه السالم: أن ه سئل مل مسي الن ب ا ل م ي القرى مك ة فقيل أم ي لذلك. And from Al Baqir asws, he asws was asked, Why was the Prophet saww named as the Ummy? He asws said: It is attributed to Makkah, and that is from the Words of Allah azwj : to warn the Mother City and those around it [42:7], and the Mother city is Makkah, therefore he saww is called Ummy due to that. 3 The meaning of Ummy حدثنا ا حد بن ممد عن اىب عبد اهلل الربقى عن جعفر بن ممد الصوىف قال سملت ابا جعفر عليه السالم ممد بن على الرضا عليه السالم وقلت له يابن رسول اهلل مل مسى الن ب ا لمي قال ما يقول الناس قال قلت له جعلت فداك يزعمون امنا مسى الن ب ا لمي لنه مل يكتب It has been narrated to us Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Abu Abdullah Al-Barqy, from Ja far Bin Muhammad Al-Sowfy who said: I said to Abu Ja far asws, O son of Rasool-Allah saww, why was the Prophet saww called Al- Ummy? He asws said: What do the people say. I said to him asws, May I be sacrificed for you asws, they are alleging that the Prophet saww was called Al-Ummy because he saww could not write. فقال كذبوا عليهم لعنة اهلل اىن يكون ذلك واهلل تبارك وتعاىل يقول يف مكم كتابه هو الذى بعث يف ا لميني رسو ل منهم يتلو ا عليهم آياته ويزكيهم ويعلمهم الكتاب وا لكمة He asws said: They are lying about him saww, may Allah azwj Curse them! I asws say that, and Allah azwj Blessed and Exalted has Said in His azwj Decisive Book: He is the One Who Sent among the inhabitants of Makkah, a Rasool from them, reciting His Verses upon them and purifying them, and teaching them the Book and the Wisdom [62:2]. 3 تفسير الصافي ج 2 ص: 242 Page 5 of 8

6 فكيف كان يعلمهم ما ل يسن واهلل لقد كان رسول اهلل صلى اهلل عليه وآله يقرأ ويكتب باثنني وسبعني أو بثلثة وسبعني لسانا وامنا مسى ا لمي لنه كان من اهل مكة و مكة من امهات القرى وذلك قول اهلل تعاىل يف كتابه لتنذر ام القرى ومن حو لا. How was he saww able to teach them if he saww was not good in it. By Allah azwj! Rasool-Allah saww was able to read and write in seventy two to seventy three languages, and he saww has been called Al-Ummy because he saww was an inhabitant of Mecca, and Makkah is the mother (Umm) of all towns, and these are the Words of Allah azwj the Exalted in His azwj Book: And like that We Reveal to you an Arabic Quran for you to warn the mother town and ones around it [42:7]. 4 حدثنا عبد اهلل بن ممد عن ا لسن بن موسى ا لشاب عن على بن اسباط أو غريه قال قلت ل ب جعفر عليه السالم ان الناس يزعمون ان رسول اهلل مل يكن يكتب و ل يقرأ It has been narrated to us Abdullah Bin Muhammad, from Al-Hassan Bin Musa Al-Khashaab, from Ali Bin Asbaat or someone else, said: I said to Abu Ja far asws, The people are alleging that Rasool-Allah saww was neither able to write, nor able to read. فقال كذبوا لعنهم اهلل اىن ذلك وقد قال اهلل هو الذى بعث يف ا لميني رسو ل منهم يتلوا عليهم آياته ويزكيهم ويعلمهم الكتاب وا لكمة وان كانوا من قبل لفى ضالل مبني فيكون ان يعلمهم الكتاب ا لكمة وليس و يسن ان يقرأ ويكتب He asws said: They are lying, may Allah azwj Curse them for that, and Allah azwj has Said: He is the One Who Sent among the inhabitants of Makkah, a Rasool from them, reciting His Verses upon them and purifying them, and teaching them the Book and the Wisdom [62:2], and he saww taught them the Book and the Wisdom while he saww was not literate? But he asws was excellent in reading and writing. قال قلت فلم مسى الن ب صلى اهلل عليه وآله اميا قال نسبت إىل مكة وذلك قول اهلل عزوجل لتنذر ام القرى ومن حو لا فام القرى املكة فقيل امى لذلك. I said, Why was the Prophet saww called Ummy? He asws said: In association to Mecca, and these are the Words of Allah azwj Mighty and Majestic: And like that We Reveal to you an Arabic Quran for you to warn the mother town and ones around it [42:7]. The mother city is Mecca. He saww was called Ummy for that. 5 اب ن بابوي ه ق ال: ح دثنا أ ب ق ال: ح دثنا س عد ب ن عب د اهلل ع ن أ ح د ب ن مم د ب ن عيس ى ع ن أ ب عب د اهلل مم د ب ن خال د الربقي عن جعفر بن ممد الص ويف ق ال س ملت أب ا جعف ر مم د ب ن عل ي الرض ا )عليهم ا الس الم( فقل ت: ي ا ب ن رس ول اهلل مل مسي الن ب )صلى اهلل عليه و آله( ا لمي فقال:»ما يقول الناس «قلت: يزعمون أنه إمنا مسي ا لمي لنه مل يسن أن يكتب. 4 Basaair Al Darajaat P 5 CH 4 H 1 5 Basaair Al Darajaat P 5 CH 4 H 4 Page 6 of 8

7 Ibn Babuwayh said that it has been narrated from Sa d Bin Abdullah, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Abu Abdullah Muhammad Bin Khalid Al-Barqy, from Ja far Bin Muhammad Al-Sowfy who said, I asked Abu Ja far asws Muhammad asws Bin Ali asws Al-Reza asws, O son asws of the Rasool- Allah saww, why has the Prophet saww been called Al-Ummy?. He asws said: What are the people saying? I said, They are alleging that he saww has been called Al-Ummy because he saww was illiterate and could not write well. فقال )عليه السالم(:»كذبوا عليهم لعنة اهلل أىن ذلك و اهلل يقول يف مكم كتابه: ه و ال ذ ي ب ع ث يف ا ل م ي ني ر س و ل م ن ه م ي ت ل وا ع ل ي ه م آيات ه و ي ز ك يه م و ي ع ل م ه م ال ك تاب و ا ل ك م ة فكيف كان يعلمهم ما مل يسن و اهلل لقد كان رسول اهلل )صلى اهلل عليه و آله( يقرأ و يكتب باثنني- أو قال بثالثة- و سبعني لسانا و إمنا مسي ا لمي لنه كان من أهل مكة و مكة من أمهات القرى و ذلك قول اهلل عز و جل: ل ت ن ذ ر أ م ال ق رى و م ن ح و ل ا. و أم القرى مكة فقيل أمي لذلك«. He asws said: They lie! Upon them be the Curse of Allah azwj, I asws for that, say that Allah azwj has Said in the Decisive (Verse) of His azwj Book: He it is Who Sent among the inhabitants of Mecca a Rasool from among themselves, reciting to them His Communications and purifying them, and teaching them the Book and the Wisdom [62:2]. How did he saww teach them what he saww was not good at? By Allah azwj, the Rasool-Allah saww was able to read and write in seventy two - (or said) - seventy three languages, and he asws has been called Al- Ummy because he saww was from the inhabitants of Mecca, and Mecca is the mother of all towns, and that is in the Words of Allah azwj Mighty and Majestic: and for you to warn the mother town ( ال ق رر (أ م and the ones around it [6:92]. And the mother of towns is Mecca. So he saww was referred to as Ummy due to that. 6 Makkah the Mother City علي بن إبراهيم قال: أم القرى مكة مسيت أم القرى لهنا أول بقعة خلقها اهلل من ا لرض لقوله تعاىل: إ ن أ و ل ب ي ت و ض ع ل لن اس ل ل ذ ي ب ب ك ة م بار كا. Ali Bin Ibrahim, said, The Mother City is Makkah. It has been Named as the Mother City because it was the first spot which Allah azwj Created from the earth, in the Words of the Exalted Surely, the first House Placed for the people is the one at Bakka, Blessed, and a Guidance for the worlds [3:96]. 7 اب ن بابوي ه ق ال: ح دثنا أ ب ق ال: ح دثنا س عد ب ن عب د اهلل ع ن أ ح د ب ن مم د ب ن عيس ى ع ن أ ب عب د اهلل مم د ب ن خال د الربقي عن جعفر بن ممد الص ويف ق ال س ملت أب ا جعف ر مم د ب ن عل ي الرض ا )عليهم ا الس الم( فقل ت: ي ا ب ن رس ول اهلل مل مسي الن ب )صلى اهلل عليه و آله( ا لمي فقال:»ما يقول الناس «قلت: يزعمون أنه إمنا مسي ا لمي لنه مل يسن أن يكتب. 6 & 2 علل الشرائع: 1 /124 تفسير القم ي. 268 :2 7 Page 7 of 8

8 Ibn Babuwayh said that it has been narrated from Sa d Bin Abdullah, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Abu Abdullah Muhammad Bin Khalid Al-Barqy, from Ja far Bin Muhammad Al-Sowfy who said, I asked Abu Ja far asws Muhammad asws Bin Ali asws Al-Reza asws, O son asws of the Rasool- Allah saww, why has the Prophet saww been called Al-Ummy?. He asws said: What are the people saying? I said, They are alleging that he saww has been called Al-Ummy because he saww was illiterate and could not write well. فقال )عليه السالم(:»كذبوا عليهم لعنة اهلل أىن ذلك و اهلل يقول يف مكم كتابه: ه و ال ذ ي ب ع ث يف ا ل م ي ني ر س و ل م ن ه م ي ت ل وا ع ل ي ه م آيات ه و ي ز ك يه م و ي ع ل م ه م ال ك تاب و ا ل ك م ة He asws said: They lie! Upon them be the Curse of Allah azwj, I asws for that, say that Allah azwj has Said in the Decisive (Verse) of His azwj Book: He is the One Who Sent among the inhabitants of Makkah, a Rasool from them, reciting His Verses to them and purifying them, and teaching them the Book and the Wisdom, and surely before they were in clear straying [62:2]. فكي ف ك ان يعلمه م م ا مل يس ن و اهلل لق د ك ان رس ول اهلل )ص لى اهلل علي ه و آل ه( يق رأ و يكت ب ب اثنني- أو ق ال بثالث ة- و سبعني لسانا و إمنا مسي ا لمي لنه كان من أهل مكة و مكة من أمهات القرى و ذلك قول اهلل عز و جل: ل ت ن ذ ر أ م ال ق رى و م ن ح و ل ا. و أم القرى مكة فقيل أمي لذلك«. How did he saww teach them what he saww was not good at? By Allah azwj, Rasool-Allah saww was able to read and write in seventy two - (or said) - seventy three languages, and he asws has been called Al-Ummy because he saww was from the inhabitants of Mecca, and Mecca is the mother of all towns, and that is in the Words of Allah azwj Mighty and Majestic: and for you to warn the mother town ( ال ق رر (أ م and the ones around it [6:92]. And the mother of towns is Makkah. So he saww was referred to as Ummy due to that. 8 ممد بن ا لسن الصفار: عن ا لسني بن علي عن أ حد بن هالل عن خلف بن حاد عن عبد الر حن بن ا لج ا ق ال: ق ال أبو عبد اهلل )عليه السالم(:»إن الن ب ) صلى اهلل عليه و آله( كان يقرأ و يكتب و يقرأ ما مل يكتب«. Muhammad Bin Al-Hassan Al-Saffar, from Al-Husayn Bin Ali, from Ahmad Bin Hilal, from Khalaf Bin Hamaad, from Abdul Rahman Bin Al-Hajaaj who said, Abu Abdullah asws said: The Prophet saww used to read and write, and he saww (also) read what he saww had not written (What someone else had written). 9 8 علل الشرائع: 1 124/ بصائر الدرجات:. 5 /247 9 Page 8 of 8