AO1 Content: D: Sources of Shari a E: Role and Importance of Shari a F: Muslim understandings of Jihad

Transcription

1 1 AO1 Content: D: Sources of Shari a Including: basis of Shari a, 4 roots of Shari a, work of al Shafi i, law schools E: Role and Importance of Shari a Including: application of Shari a to to civil, moral and religious matters, the role of mujtahids and taqlid, debates surrounding the use of ijtihad F: Muslim understandings of Jihad Including: the division into lesser and greater, misrepresentation of Jihad as holy war, conditions for, origins or and modern application of military jihad AO2 Issues to Consider, Analyse and Evaluate: D: Sources of Shari a Is Shari a divine or human? How far does human interpretation impair understanding of Shari'a? E: Role and Importance of Shari a Are the doors to ijtihad closed? To what extent is it misleading to refer to Shari'a as law? F: Muslim understandings of Jihad To what extent is Jihad misunderstood? How far is jihad open to misunderstanding? How relevant is lesser jihad today?

2 2 AO1 Content to learn: What is Shari a? What is Shari a based on? What is fiqh? AO2 Issues to consider, analyse and evaluate: To what extent is Shar ia human? How far does human interpretation impair understanding of Shari a? The 4 Law Schools and Shi a law schools Below are examples of sample exam questions. As you go through the Info booklet and workbook you should be able to link content with the questions. Exam Question Workbook Link (give p. Info Book Link (give p. Recommended Extra Reading Number) number) Examine the main sources of Shari a law (20 marks AO1) Watton, Victor, Islam, Ch 4 Clark, Malcom, Islam for Dummies, Ch 8 Examine what is meant by Shari a (20 marks AO1) Maqsood, Ruqiayyah, Islam an Introduction, Ch 7 Shari a is more human than divine Evaluate this Waines, David, An introduction to Islam, Ch 3 claim. (AO2 30 marks) The true meaning of Shari a is impaired by human interpretation. Evaluate this statement (AO2 30 marks)

3 3 What is Shari a? Qiyas and Alcohol Prohibition: Add a quote from the Qur an below: What is fiqh? Add a relevant scholar quote

4 4 Qur an Sunna and Hadith Ijma Qiyas

5 5 Quick Recap: What are the 5 Categories? Who was Al Shafi i? 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) Hanifite Law School The Malikite Law The Shafi ite Law School The Hanbalite Law School What about the Shi as?

6 6 Exam Homework Examine the four roots of Shari a (20 marks AO1) To get a Band 5 (17-20 marks out of 20) you must demonstrate: Homework will step up in Y13 so it is highly recommended that all HW exam practice is done in timed conditions- Allow 24 minutes. You can do a quick plan here to prepare for it though. Key Vocab: Sunna Hadith Qur an Straight Path way of life Al Shafi I isnad qiyas ijma Main points to Include: Examples I could use: Quranic quotes I could use:

7 7 Flipped Learning HW: Read pp.8-9 of info book and fill p.7 & 8 Divine Human Overall View To what extent is Shari a divine?

8 8 Yes No Overall View How far does human interpretation impair understanding?

9 9 For full marks (25-30 marks ) you have to show the following: evidence. approaches studied. The examiner wants to see you including arguments FOR and AGAINST but not in the style of a shopping list like you might have used at GCSE. You cannot simply list some arguments for and some arguments against. There has to be a sustained ARGUMENT throughout. The Conclusion: To keep your argument sustained and focused you have to know where you are going if you don t know where you are going you ll get lost. Your conclusion is where your argument is heading in other words it s where you are going. You need to know what you are going to conclude before you set off on your answer. So always decide what you are going to conclude first so you can argue accordingly. It may help to start by stating what you intend to conclude: All AO2 questions give a statement then ask you to evaluate. So your conclusion will be that the statement is true, false, true to an extent etc. It is the contention of this essay that the statement is true. In this essay I will suggest that the statement is to a large extent false

10 10 The Mark Scheme for this question is on p.13. It includes lots of ideas and arguments you could use. Argument (with Analysis) Counter Argument (with Critical Analysis) In your answer you need to choose about 3 of these (or come up with 3 of your own). Choose arguments you really understand as this will make analysis and evaluation easier. Evaluate Analytic Sentence Stems This assumes... It is clear, therefore, that... The suggestion here is that... Use of the word conveys... This demonstrates This emphasises the fact that This proves This indicates This describes how This explains how This persuades us to This justifies Evaluative Sentence This argument is successful because The counter argument is the strongest of the two since This is a valuable point because The latter argument can be further supported by the quote However, this counter argument is unsuccessful because The counter argument is convincing since it The counter argument is successful in refuting the argument as it For each of your 3 arguments you will need to respond with a related counter argument. When you present your Argument make sure you analyse it, mention any scholars who have supported this view and add a relevant Qu ranic quote or hadith or teaching. Next present the related Counter Argument, critically analyse it, mention any scholars who have forwarded this view and add a relevant quote, hadith, teaching etc Finally Evaluate, the argument and counter argument saying which position you agree with and why. Remember for a SUSTAINED argument you will need to argue in favour of your conclusion throughout, unless your conclusion is a more neutral partly true then you will have more flexibility to agree with some FOR arguments and some AGAINST arguments.

11 11 AO1 Content to learn: The moral, civil and religious application of Shari a The role of a mujtahid and taqlid The debates surrounding ijtihad and its use AO2 Issues to consider, analyse and evaluate: Is calling Shari a law misleading? Are the doors to ijtihad closed? Below are examples of sample exam questions. As you go through the Info booklet and workbook you should be able to link content with the questions. Exam Question Workbook Link (give p. Info Book Link (give p. Recommended Extra Reading Number) number) Examine how Shari a is applied by Muslims in their everyday lives (20 marks AO1) Watton, Victor, Islam, Ch 4 Clark, Malcom, Islam for Dummies, Ch 8 Explain the various views on ijtihad (20 marks AO1) Maqsood, Ruqiayyah, Islam an Introduction, Ch 7 To call Shari a law is simply misleading Waines, David, An introduction to Islam, Ch 3 Evaluate this view. (30 marks AO2) The doors to ijtihad have never been closed Evaluate this claim (30 marks AO2)

12 12 In this lesson you will be researching and presenting on one area of applied Shari a. Use this page to make any notes you need.

13 13 Moral: Abortion Moral : Theft

14 14 Religious: Tattoos Religious: Hijabs

15 15 Civil: Divorce Civil: Inheritence

16 16 Based on the Quiz Quiz Trade task write up as much as you can remember. The rest can be found in your info book pp

17 17 Flipped Learning HW: Read pp and fill in this page What is ijtihad? What does it mean to ask whether the doors to ijtihad are open? What are the 2 types of ijtihad? Key Terms Muqallad Salafi Ulema Zanni texts Qati texts Defintion Find and add 2 scholar quotes about ijtihad here:

18 18 Closed or open? Closed or open? Closed or open? Closed or open?

19 19 Arguments FOR Scholar/ school/ quote Further Explanation Arguments AGAINST Scholar/ school/ quote Further Explanation 1) Traditional view= doors closed since 10th Century 1) Some believe the doors have never been closed 2) Muslims have not being able to modernize because the doors are closed 2) Some Muslims call for a return to the devout ancestors 3) Some Islamic states do not allow it and law is based on taqlid 3) closing the door is a deliberate ploy by the enemies of Islam 4) Doors should be closed to stop corrupting influence of modern western ideologies 4) The doors have to be opened to find the right answer for modern issues

20 YES Scholar/ school/ quote Further Explanation NO Scholar/ school/ quote Further Explanation 20

21 21 AO1 Content to learn: What does jihad mean? The two types of jihad and the disproportionate focus on military jihad AO2 Issues to consider, analyse and evaluate: Is jihad misunderstood? How far is lesser jihad relevant to modern life? Greater Jihad Lesser Jihad including origins and modern application of military jihad Below are examples of sample exam questions. As you go through the Info booklet and workbook you should be able to link content with the questions. Exam Question Workbook Link (give p. Info Book Link (give p. Recommended Extra Reading Number) number) Examine the different understandings of lesser jihad (20 Aslan, Reza, No God but God, Ch 6 marks AO1) Watton, Victor, Islam, p.70-2 Clark, Malcom, Islam for Dummies, pp Jihad Handout good for quotes and their meanings Explain how jihad is misrepresented (20 marks AO1) Maqsood, Ruqaiyyah, Islam an Introduction, pp Jihad is completely misunderstood by western media Evaluate this view. (30 marks AO2) Lesser Jihad has no relevance to Muslims today Evaluate this view. ( 30 marks AO2)

22 22 Flipped Learning HW: Use pp to help with your infographic Use this page to create an infographic on Jihad include meaning, 2 types, representation in western media, campaigns, rules for military jihad, examples of different Muslim understandings of jihad, jihad in modern warfare. Use facts, figures, images where possible.

23 23 Look at the quotes from Muhammad and al Ghazali. What do they mean? What do they suggest about Jihad? When Muhammad returned from battle he said We have come back from the lesser jihad to the greater jihad. When asked Is there any greater jihad than the one against the kuffar? he replied yes the jihad al-nafs (jihad against the self) Declare your jihad on thirteen enemies you cannot see egoism, arrogance, conceit, selfishness, greed, lust, intolerance, anger, lying, cheating, gossiping and slandering. If you can master and destroy them, then you will be ready to fight the enemy you can see. Some Muslims reject the soundness of the isnad on this hadith

24 24 Examine what is meant by the concept of Islam AO1 20 marks Write a precis of the misrepresentation of Jihad found on p. 25 of your info book

25 25 What are the conditions of military Jihad? Different interpretations of lesser jihad

26 26 Find the three misrepresented quotes associated with military jihad. Write each one below and put it into context explaining why and how it is misused. Use p. 27 of info book

27 27 For each example explain why it is or is not a genuine jihad. Al Qaeda vs US and Allied Forces Afghanistan vs USSR ISIL vs Assad/ other rebels/ Non-Muslims/ Non IS type Muslims Shi a Iraqis against ISIL

28 28 Yes it is No it isn t It is my contention that the Jihad is.

29 29 Very relevant Not very relevant It is my contention that the Jihad is.

30 30 As you go along the course, use this page to record any relevant quotes (from Qur an or hadith), examples, diversity or opinion or disagreements and scholars views. You might have noticed that to get TOP GRADES you need to be able to discuss scholars ideas, diversity of opinion and give quotes and egs. Topic Quote? Examples? Disagreements? Scholar View? What is shari a Qur an Sunna and Hadith Which hadiths to use? Ijma Qiyas Alcohol Al Shafi I Law schools Shi a law schools?

31 31 Topic Quote? Examples? Disagreements? Scholar View? AO2: Divine or human? AO2: Does human interpretation impair understanding? Mujtahids Taqlid Ijtihad AO2: Are the doors open or closed? Rida? Ramadan? Shi as? Traditional Sunni view?

32 32 Topic Quote? Examples? Disagreements? Scholar View? AO2: Is calling Shari a law misleading? Jihad Greater Lesser Misunderstood? media Traditional doctrine of Jihad, Taymiyya s views? Chriagh Ali s? Military Jihad

33 33 Topic Quote? Examples? Disagreements? Scholar View? Modern examples of military jihads AO2: Is Jihad misunderstood? AO2: Is lesser jihad relevant to modern Muslims? Spare area for notes, doodles, whatever. Use this to record any questions you have in general, or when reading, that you would like to ask me!