Language of the month

Transcription

1 Language of the month

2 Where is Persian spoken? Persian, also known as Farsi, is primarily spoken in: Iran Afghanistan (officially known as Dari). Tajikistan (officially known as Tajiki). Uzbekistan

3 Map of the Persian speaking world:

4 Data: Official language (60,000,000 people): Iran Tajikistan (Tajik) Afghanistan (Dari) Estimated number of (native) Persian-speaking people: United States 2,560,000 India 60,000 Turkey 800,000 Australia 60,000 Iraq 250,000 Israel 50,000 Germany 110,000 Lebanon 50,000 UK 80,000 France 62,000 Canada 75,000

5 Historically, the areas where the language is spoken range from the Middle East to India, but today, Persian is understood in parts of Armenia, Azerbaijan, India, Iraq, Kazakhstan, Pakistan, Turkmenistan and Turkey. There are large groups of Persians who migrated to the USA and Europe, and Los Angeles is often referred to as Tehrangeles.

6 Iran Map through History

7 Iran Ethno-religious Distribution 7

8 Persian Language in History First known as Pahlavi language with Pahlavi script:

9 Persian Language in History Pahlavi script is very similar to Indian scripts.

10 Persian Language in History After Islam, Pahlavi script was replaced by Arabic script with 4 additional characters.

11 If I learn Persian, will it help me with any other languages? Persian is part of the Indo-Iranian branch of the Indo-European language family. Therefore, learning some Persian will certainly assist with Arabic, Kurdish, Urdu and Hindi.

12 Persian Language in History Now, Arabic script is also used in Iran official flag. هللا middle: In the هللا اکبر sides: On the horizental

13 What is Farsi? In standard Arabic there is no p sound. For 2 centuries, Iran was governed by Arab governors. Parsi became Farsi just to be pronounced easier by Arab people. لو كان العلم منوط ا بالثريا لتناوله رجال من بحاراالنوار ۱۹۵ ۱ -فارس :إذ قال رسول هللا

14 Persian Language An Indo-European language Written with Arabic script with right-to-left direction. Spoken by about 100 million people. Now, Persian is the official language in Iran, Afghanistan and Tajikistan.

15 Curiosities: People do not use punctuation between phrases regularly. Some Arabic characters have the same pronunciation in Persian: / s /ص س ث / t /ط ت / z /ز ض ظ

16 Iran, France and UK: It is very common to use the word [ [ Mersiمرسی in Persian to say thank you as in the French merci. There has been a long historical relationship between Iran and France. Reason why we can find hundreds of French words in everyday Persian vocabulary. Example:,[ otobusاتوبوس bus [ Due to historical links with Britain, many Persian words have been borrowed and crop up in the English language. Example: [ limouلیمو, lemon [

17 Main cities: 1. Azadi Tower monument,tehran. 2. City of Tehran. 3. Imam Reza Mausoleum, in Mashhad.

18 Gender roles and statuses of women in the Iranian society: Women have always had a strong role in Iranian life, but rarely a public role. Their prominent participation in political movements has been especially noteworthy. Brave and often ruthlessly pragmatic, women are more than willing to take to the streets for a good public cause. Political representation: women have served in the legislature and as government ministers since the 1950s. Marriage: the average age for women has increased to twenty-one years. Education: it is obligatory and universal for women and education for girls has increased steadily. The literacy rate for women is close to that of men, and for women under 25 it is over 90 percent, even in rural areas.

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21 Guess who are they: Narges Mohammadi: An Iranian human rights activist and the vice president of the Defenders of Human Rights Centre. Faezeh Hashemi: An Iranian Women s rights activist, politician and former journalist who served as a member of Iranian parliament from 1996 to 2000.

22 Cuisine: Iranians have a healthy diet centred on fresh fruits, greens and vegetables. Meat (usually lamb, goat or chicken) is used as a condiment rather than as the centrepiece of a meal. Rice plays an important role in their diet too. The primary beverage is black tea. The principal dietary taboo is the Islamic prohibition against pork. Chellow kabab: is the Iranian national dish. It consists of a filet of lamb marinated in lemon juice or yogurt, onions and saffron. Doogh: it is a common drink with a meal, a yogurt and salted water preparation.