7 th Century: Muhammad Spread by trade & conquest.

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5 7 th Century: Muhammad Spread by trade & conquest A.D.: Came to India when Muslim armies invaded from NW. Created Mogul Empire, ruled India almost 200 years, & introduced Islam as new religion.

6 2 nd largest religion in world 1.3 billion Muslims

7 Monotheistic One supreme God: Allah

8 Qur an/koran: believed to be God s actual word handed down by Gabriel

9 Mosques

10 Muhammad is greatest prophet. 5 Pillars of Islam: 1. Declaration of faith: Only one God & Muhammad is His messenger. 2. Pray 5 times each day facing Mecca. 3. Charity to poor. 4. Fasting during holy month of Ramadan. 5. Hajj: pilgrimage to Mecca at least once in life.

11 Day of Judgement: determine a soul s eternity.

12 The heart of the person before you is a mirror. See there your own form. - A Shinto Saying

13 The indigenous faith of Japan-as old as Japan itself. Means way of the gods. No founder or date of origin.

14 3-4 million. Known as Shinto.

15 Polytheistic based on kami: divine spirits that live in nature. Kami: Superior Spirits believed to live in beautiful places, animals, and especially as a person s ancestors. Mountains & rivers in Japan are considered homes to these kami and considered sacred.

16 Some prominent rocks are worshiped as kami.

17 Humans become kami after they die and are revered by their families as ancestral kami. The kami of extraordinary people are even enshrined. The Sun Goddess is considered Shinto's most important kami.

18 Kojiki (Records of Ancient Matters) Nihon shoki (Chronicles of Japan) Written between A.D. Oral traditions, mythology, & ceremonies of ancient Shinto.

19 Shrines (considered homes of kami) People visit shrines to worship kami, make offerings, & pray for good fortune. Sacred objects representing kami are stored in innermost chamber of shrine where they can t be seen by anyone. Celebrate festivals regularly in order to show kami outside world. Ise Jingu: most sacred shrine in Japan.

20 Ise Jingu is Shinto's most sacred shrine.

21 Torii One or more torii gates mark the approach and entrance to a shrine. They come in various colors and are made of various materials. Most torii, however are made of wood, and many are painted orange and black.

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24 At some shrines, visitors burn incense (osenko) in large incense burners. Purchase a bundle, light them, let them burn for a few seconds and then extinguish the flame by waving your hand rather than by blowing it out. Finally, put the incense into the incense burner and fan some smoke towards yourself as the smoke is believed to have healing power. For example, fan some smoke towards your shoulder if you have an injured shoulder.

25 There is no right or wrong & nobody is perfect. Humans basically good; evil is caused by evil spirits. Some humans become kami after death. The Four Affirmations: 1. Tradition & Family 2. Love of Nature 3. Physical Cleanliness 4. Worship of Kami (Matsuri)

26 Tradition and the family: The family is seen as the main force for traditions to be preserved. Main celebrations relate to birth and marriage.

27 Love of nature: Nature is sacred; to be in contact with nature is to be close to the Gods. Natural objects are worshipped as sacred spirits

28 Physical cleanliness: Followers of Shinto take baths, wash their hands, and rinse out their mouth often. Shinto stresses purifying that which is unclean, such as dirt, wounds, and disease. Touching the dead is considered unclean.

29 Matsuri: The worship given to the kami and the ancestral spirits.

30 Death is bad and impure. Some humans become kami after death.

31 Do not do to others what you do not want done to yourself -Confucius

32 Born in 551 B.C.E. to a noble but poor family. Confucius died in 479 B. C. E. Confucius was an exceptional student who later became a teacher and a government official.

33 550 B.C.: Confucious born to noble, but poor family in China. Neither a religious leader nor prophet, but a TEACHER!

34 5-6 million. Known as Confucians.

35 There are none this is NOT A RELIGION, but a WAY OF LIFE

36 Analects: most important sacred work based on his sayings. Focuses on 5 personal relationships & role of proper conduct in society. Conversation in Chinese.

37 There is none it s not a religion!

38 Believed the key to peace & social order was for people to behave with good character & virtue. Way of life centered on people-to-people relationships and education. 5 Basic Relationships: 1. Ruler & Subject 2. Father & Son 3. Husband & Wife 4. Older brother & Younger brother 5. Friend & Friend

39 * Knowing what he knows and knowing what he doesn t know, is characteristic of the person who knows. * Making a mistake and not correcting it, is making another mistake. * The superior man blames himself; the inferior man blames others. * To go too far is as wrong as to fall short. * Never kiss a fool, or be fooled by a kiss.

40 Our greatest glory is not in never falling, but in getting up every time we do.

41 Before you embark on a journey of revenge, dig two graves

42 I hear and I forget. I see and I remember. I do and I understand.

43 Confucius never discussed his beliefs about what would happen to people after they die.

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45 You are to create 3 colorful characters to represent the major South and East Asian belief systems we learned about. Hinduism Buddhism Islam Shintoism Confucianism For each character, you are to create a dialogue bubble, describing that character s belief system. You are also to describe 1 similarity and 1 difference between that belief system and the other Southeast Asian belief systems we have learned about. DUE TOMORROW, WEDNESDAY, 2/4!!!

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