Period IV: Interregional Patterns of Culture and Contact. New Empires following the Mongols. How regions did the Mongol s connect via trade?

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1 Period IV: Interregional Patterns of Culture and Contact How regions did the Mongol s connect via trade? New Empires following the Mongols China: Byzantium: Islamic Spain/Portugal: 4. Chapter 12: Mongol Eurasia and Its Aftermath, What values did Temujin learn from his upbringing? Who was Chinggis/Ghenghis Khan? How do modern scholars view the Mongols? Ancient sources? Why? The Rise of the Mongols, Nomadism in Central and Inner Asia Who was the Council composed of? What did they decide? Define Khan: Did everyone have to listen to the Council? In a society based on herding, why didn t the aristocracy have to herd? What is Shamanism? How did the Khan use religion for legitimacy? The Mongol Conquests, What kingdoms did Chinggis conquer? Who replaced Chinggis as the Great Khan? What kingdom did he challenge? What/where did Batu conquer? How long did it take? After Guyuk became Great Khan, what empire fell in 1258? *Include modern country for 3

2 What was Chinggis original objective? What were the Mongol Domains ruled from Karakorum? What conflict arose in 1271? What was the result? What regions did the Mongols under Kubilai invade? Where they successful? What technology allowed outnumbered Mongols to win? Overland Trade and Disease Who could wear silk in Mongolia? What effect did travelers like Marco Polo have on Europe? What stopped the Mongol advance on Crimea and Kaffa? The Mongols and Islam, Mongol Rivalry In what ways did Mongolian culture clash with Islam? What briefly united the Il-Khan court with Pope Nicholas IV in 1288? Islam and the State What did Tax Farming look like under the Mongols? What caused an economic depression under Ghazan? Who was Timur? What is unusual about his ethnic background? What were his accomplishments and ambitions? Culture and Science in Islamic Eurasia What is Rashid al-din known for? What works sponsored by the Il-Khanate were translated and distributed in almost every language? What is Nicholas Copernicus incorrectly credited with discovering?

3 Regional Responses in Western Eurasia Russia and Rule from Afar How were the Mongols involved in ending the use of Greek in Russia? What did Prince Alexander Nevskii do? What was happening to Kiev s economy prior to the Mongols taking over? Define Tsar Why did Ivan use the title Tsar? New States in Eastern Europe and Anatolia Why didn t the pope and Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II get along? How did Frederick retake Jerusalem? Was the Pope satisfied? What did early Europeans think the Mongols were? What major accomplishment belongs to Ottoman Sultan Mehmet II in 1453? Mongol Domination in China, The Yuan Empire, What actions did Khubilai Khan take to synthesize Mongol and Chinese culture? How did the Great Khan make Buddhist and Daoist leaders feel? What does Tibetan Buddhist look like? What was the Yuan capital of China? What was the Mongol Hierarchy in China? 4.

4 How did the Chinese elite respond to being locked out of elite positions in the Yuan dynasty? By what percentage did the Chinese population decrease under Mongol rule? The Fall of the Yuan Empire What weakened the Yuan in 1340? Who defeated the Mongols? What dynasty was created? What happened to Mongols in China? What name did Zhu Yuanzhang take upon becoming emperor? The Early Ming Empire, Ming China on a Mongol Foundation How did Yongle become emperor? Why did the Ming turn to naval trade? What rumor did Yongle s enemies spread about him? What are the historical reasons why the Ming stopped seafaring trade? What happened to overall population growth? Technology and Population Did technology generally increase or decrease during this time period? What were relationships like with Japan? The Ming Achievement Centralization and Militarism in East Asia, Korea from the Mongols to the Choson Dynasty, Why were the Mongols initially interested in Korea? What family was the military protector of Korea? What family was the ruling dynasty in Korea? Who does this resemble?

5 Why was Korea so easily overtaken by the Mongols? Mongol rule of Korea broke centuries of Isolation. What did Korea gain? What does Yi Songgye contribute to Korean history? What was Korea s cash crop? Political Transformation in Japan, What happened to the first Mongol invasion in 1274? How did governance change in Japan as a response to a 2nd Mongol invasion? What happened to the Mongol invasion in 1281? Define Kamikaze. How is that word used? What did emperor Go-Daigo attempt to do? Define the Ashikaga Shogunate: The Emergence of Vietnam, What two kingdoms exist in Vietnam: What were their respective cultural influences? What caused the Ming to abandon Hanoi and allow Vietnam independence? What were the distinctive features of Dai Viet compared to China?