1. STUDENTS WILL BE ABLE TO IDENTIFY THE NATIONS OF EASTERN EUROPE

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1 SOUTHWESTERN CHRISTIAN SCHOOL WORLD HISTORY STUDY GUIDE # 18 : THE REFORMATION 1400 AD 1650 AD LEARNING OBJECTIVES STUDENTS WILL BE ABLE TO IDENTIFY THE NATIONS OF EASTERN EUROPE STUDENTS WILL BE ABLE TO IDENTIFY THE CHARACTERISTICS OF EACH OF THE SEGMENTS OF THE PROTESTANT MOVEMENT DURING THE REFORMATION STUDENTS WILL BE ABLE TO IDENTIFY AND EXPLAIN THE CAUSES AND SIGNIFICANCE OF THE EFFECTS OF THE PROTESTANT REFORMATION ON WESTERN CIVILIZATION STUDENTS WILL BE ABLE TO IDENTIFY AND EXPLAIN THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE EFFECTS OF THE CATHOLIC REFORMATION ON WESTERN CIVILIZATION THE FIVE CAUSES OF THE REFORMATION : 5. SHORT SUBJECT VIDEO > BACKGROUND TO THE REFORMATION IN THE YEAR 1520, EVERY CHURCH IN EUROPE WAS A ROMAN CHURCH BY 1540 MANY OF THESE CHURCHES BELONGED TO OTHER 1

2 CHRISTIAN DENOMINATIONS AS A RESULT OF THE REFORMATION AT THAT TIME THE ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH WAS THE AND MOST INSTITUTION ON EARTH EARLY IN THE 14 TH CENTURY ( 1300 s ) SEVERAL IMPORTANT EVENTS OCCURRED THAT BEGAN TO CAUSE SERIOUS PROBLEMS FOR THE ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH : IN 1302 THE POPE ISSUED A FORMAL DECREE THAT SAID WAS NOT POSSIBLE OUTSIDE THE ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH THE SECOND EVENT WAS THE RELOCATION OF THE CATHOLIC CHURCH S CAPITAL TO THE COUNTRY OF THE CATHOLIC CHURCH BEGAN TO LOSE ITS FOCUS AND CONCENTRATED ON BUILDING WHICH RESULTED IN THE CHURCH BECOMING, AND THIS GREATLY UPSET PEOPLE THE 100 YEARS WAR BETWEEN AND 5. THE MASSIVE OUTBREAK OF THE KILLED MILLION EUROPEANS IN FOUR YEARS TIME 6. THE CHURCH CREATES ITS OWN PROBLEMS WITH GROUPS WITHIN THE CHURCH ELECTING MULTIPLE 5. THE RESULT OF THESE EVENTS WAS THAT IT LED THE PEOPLE TO LOSE IN THE CHURCH AND FEEL IT WAS IN NEED OF 6. HOWEVER, PEOPLE WHO SPOKE OUT AGAINST THE CHURCH WERE PUT ON TRIAL, AND IF FOUND GUILTY OF HERESY, WERE 2

3 AT THE KEY TERMS AND CONCEPTS : PROTESTANT - REFORMATION - HERESY - RECANT - PROTESTANT MOVEMENT HIGHLIGHTS : WALDENSIANS - JOHN WYCLIFFE - SHORT SUBJECT VIDEO > JOHN WYCLIFFE THE BIBLE WAS ONLY AVAILABLE IN AND WYCLIFFE TRANSLATED IT INTO WYCLIFFE SAID THAT THAT THE CHURCH SHOULD NOT FOCUS ON AND, AND THAT ALL DOCTRINE SHOULD COME FROM THE MARTIN LUTHER - INDULGENCES - 3

4 95 THESES - PAPAL BULL - 5. DIET OF WORMS PEACE OF AUGSBURG - JOHN CALVIN - PERSECUTION - INSTITUTES OF THE CHRISTIAN RELIGION

5 THEOCRACY - SHORT SUBJECT VIDEO > JOHN CALVIN IN THE 1,500 YEARS FROM THE BIRTH OF JESUS CHRIST UP TO THE LIFETIME OF MARTIN LUTHER, ONLY ONE MAJOR HAD DEVELOPED IN THE CHRISTIAN FAITH THE OCCURRED WHEN GREEK CHRISTIANS SPLIT FROM ROME AND FORMED THE CHURCH AFTER MARTIN LUTHER MANY CHRISTIAN DENOMINATIONS WERE ESTABLISHED. AN EXAMPLE WAS THE SWISS DENOMINATION FOUNDED BY ULRICH ZWINGLI WHO BELIEVED : THAT CHURCHES SHOULD BE FREE OF CONTROL THAT ALL RELIGIOUS SHOULD BE REMOVED BECAUSE THEIR USE WAS LIKE PAGAN THAT A SIMPLE SERVICE SHOULD REPLACE THE CATHOLIC MASS JOHN CALVIN SHARED MANY OF LUTHER S BELIEFS AND EXPANDED ON THEM WITH HIS GRIM DOCTRINE CALLED PREDESTINATION WHICH MEANS THAT : EVEN BEFORE A PERSON IS BORN, KNOWS THAT THE PERSON WILL GO TO OR AND EVEN IF SOMEONE LEADS A LIFE FREE OF THEY MAY STILL BE DOOMED 5. DESPITE THIS DOCTRINE, CALVIN S FOLLOWERS WERE STILL EXPECTED 5

6 TO LEAD A LIFE, TO HARD, AND TO BE THRIFTY 6. THESE BELIEFS HELPED TO FLOURISH IN AREAS WHERE CALVINISTS LIVED 7. IN THE CITY OF GENEVA, CALVINISTS FORMED A SPECIAL FORCE TO MAINTAIN PUBLIC MORALITY 8. PUNISHMENTS IN GENEVA WERE ENFORCED FOR WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING? ADULTERY SWEARING DRUNKENNESS WEARING LAVISH CLOTHES LAUGHING IN CHURCH OVER CHARGING CUSTOMERS HUGUENOTS - PURITANS - SHORT SUBJECT VIDEO > JOHN KNOX KNOX WAS INSPIRED TO TURN AWAY FROM THE ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH BY WITNESSING PROTESTANT MARTYRS BEING KNOX STUDIED UNDER WHO WAS JOHN KNOX S BIGGEST ENEMY? KNOX BELIEVED THAT ; A GODLY PEOPLE ARE ABLE TO FORM THEIR OWN AND THAT UNGODLY TYRANTS SHOULD BE RESISTED 5. THIS WAS THE BEGINNING OF THE DEATH KNELL OF THE CONCEPT OF DIVINE RIGHT OF 6

7 5. THE ANGLICAN / EPISCOPAL CHURCH - SHORT SUBJECT VIDEO > HENRY VIII HENRY VIII IS BEST KNOWN FOR : HIS WIVES SPLITTING FROM THE CATHOLIC CHURCH AND SETTING UP HIS OWN BOOK OF COMMON PRAYER - CATHOLIC COUNTER REFORMATION : COUNCIL OF TRENT - INQUISITION - 7

8 SHORT SUBJECT VIDEO > THE CATHOLIC COUNTER REFORMATION THE GENERAL DECISION OF THE COUNCIL OF TRENT WAS THAT THE ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH WOULD YIELD TO THE PROTESTANT REBELS THE COUNCIL VALIDATED ALL THE TEACHINGS AND INSTITUTIONS OF THE ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH : THAT THE, THE, AND RELIGIOUS COUNCILS WERE SOURCES OF RELIGIOUS TRUTH THAT PERFORMING GOOD CAN HELP TO WIN THAT CAN REDUCE A SINNERS TIME SPENT IN PURGATORY THAT THERE ARE HOLY SACRAMENTS 5. THAT CAN NOT BE DISSOLVED 6. THAT MEN WHO BECOME PRIESTS MUST NEVER TWO CONFLICTS RESULTING FROM THE REFORMATION : IN FRANCE : HENRY OF NAVARRE - EDICT OF NATES - IN GERMANY : 30 YEARS WAR - 8

9 PEACE OF WESTPHALIA - THE FIVE RESULTS OF THE REFORMATION : 5. CHAPTER READING > THE 30 YEARS WAR - PAGES 163 THROUGH 165 WHAT WAS THE 30 YEARS WAR FOUGHT OVER? DESCRIBE WHAT WAS ACCOMPLISHED BY FIGHTING THE 30 YEARS WAR : 9

10 10

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