2015 Fall Exam Review

Transcription

1 Name Date 2015 Fall Exam Review 1. A historian typically begins his work by A. contacting a historical society. B. deciding on an answer to a thesis. C. formulating a question he hopes to answer. CORRECT D. making sure his evidence has never been seen before. Mastering the Content Circle the letter next to the best answer. 2. Which of the following is an example of a secondary source? A. a painting by a Renaissance artist B. a book by a scholar of ancient Egypt CORRECT C. an interview with a World War II veteran D. a piece of pottery from a Cro-Magnon burial site 3. If a historical source shows a strong preference or point of view that might distort the information presented, the source is A. biased. CORRECT B. secondary. C. primary. D. irrelevant. 4. A primary source is a record of the past created by A. a historian. B. the only witness to an event. C. someone who lived at the time. CORRECT D. the most well-respected scholar of a given subject. 5. The period between the emergence of stone tools and the later appearance of metal tools is called the A. Metal Age. B. Hunter-Gatherer Age. C. Stone Age. CORRECT D. Empire Age. 6. Which of these was a part of hunter-gatherer culture? A. a centrally managed economy B. knowledge of how to make tools CORRECT C. the climate of a geographical area D. hierarchical society led by priests 7. The earliest domesticated plants were A. berries. B. grasses. CORRECT C. nut trees. D. root vegetables. 8. The earliest settled societies developed in areas that were A. rich in natural resources. CORRECT B. easy to defend from attack. C. close to major trade routes. D. near the shores of an ocean.

2 9. The lives of pastoral nomads were based on A. hunting and fishing. B. construction of irrigation canals. C. a hierarchy of kings, priests, and warriors. D. herds of domesticated sheep, goats, and cattle. CORRECT 10. What is one way cities were different from villages? A. Cities were based on kinship groups. B. Cities depended largely on agriculture. C. Cities were run by elected governments. D. Cities had public structures and markets. CORRECT 11. Which of the following figures is considered an important prophet in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam? A. Abraham CORRECT B. King Solomon C. Jesus D. Muhammad 12. All of the following are characteristics of world religions EXCEPT A. they set down basic ethical principles. B. they use sacred texts. C. they offer a message that appeals to diverse groups of people. D. they instruct people in how to reach heaven. CORRECT 13. The temple in Jerusalem, first built by King Solomon, is considered by believers to be A. the most sacred place in Judaism. CORRECT B. the center of the Islamic world. C. the place where Jesus rose from the dead. D. the site of the Buddha's enlightenment. 14. As a result of the Jewish Diaspora, Jews were forced to A. abandon their beliefs and practices. B. become slaves in Egypt C. disperse across the Middle East. CORRECT D. settle in Canaan. 15. An important trait that Judaism, Christianity, and Islam share is belief in A. resurrection. B. reincarnation. C. a single God. CORRECT D. the Trinity. 16. According to Christian belief, Jesus was the Messiah, which means he was A. chosen by God to save humankind. CORRECT B. destined to defeat the Roman Empire. C. the father of the Jewish people. D. the most important apostle. 17. Which of the following was a cause of the collapse of the Han Empire? A. power struggles among government factions CORRECT B. not enough spending on military defense C. the closing of the Silk Road D. overpopulation due to lack of disease 18. How did the Roman emperor Diocletian solve the problem of governing an enormous empire?

3 A. He created a complex bureaucracy. B. He split it into eastern and western halves. CORRECT C. He allowed each area to manage its own affairs. D. He formed an alliance with the Christian Church. 19. What physical barrier shielded India from foreign invasion from the north? A. dense jungle B. the Ganges River C. a vast sandy desert D. high mountain ranges CORRECT 20. Which feature of Russian culture resulted from contacts with the Byzantine Empire? A. classical ballet B. Slavic language C. Orthodox Christianity CORRECT D. musical folk instruments 21. Which of these was a reform made by King Henry II of England? A. Trials were held before a royal judge. CORRECT B. Ordinary people elected their rulers. C. Nobles had to let their serfs go free. D. England paid soldiers to be in the army. 22. What was one human activity that contributed to the spread of the bubonic plague? A. bathing too often B. trading with Asia CORRECT C. eating rotten food D. keeping mice as pets 23. How did political changes in England weaken feudalism? A. Serfs had to live on the land that they farmed. B. Nobles lost power to the king or common people. CORRECT C. Constant conflict led to a loss of social order. D. Authority in government was given to the Church. 24. What action by an English king gave ordinary people a voice in government? A. calling the Model Parliament CORRECT B. putting a seal on Magna Carta C. issuing the Constitutions of Clarendon D. closing Canterbury Cathedral 25. What was the purpose of Magna Carta? A. to make the Church weaker B. to give the king more power C. to strengthen common law D. to protect the rights of nobles CORRECT 26. What are the best sub-headings for the two columns in the chart below?

4 A. Early/Late B. Western/Eastern CORRECT C. Christian/Non-Christian D. Lower Class/Upper Class 27. Rule of the Roman Empire was divided between two emperors until A. the fall of Rome. CORRECT B. the code of Justinian. C. the conflict over iconoclasm. D. the crowning of Charlemagne. 28. Which factor gave Constantinople the biggest advantage for trade? A. fertile soil B. good location CORRECT C. mineral resources D. well-organized banks 29. Hippo means horse. Which events took place in the Hippodrome? A. livestock shows B. mystery plays C. chariot races CORRECT D. wild-animal training 30. Which sentence best describes the lives of the jobless in Constantinople? A. They worked in exchange for bread from the emperor. CORRECT B. They got regular hot meals at hospitals and orphanages. C. They quickly found jobs and rose to the middle class. D. They were required by law to move to the countryside. 31. Who were the Blues and the Greens? A. fans of opposing teams CORRECT B. vassals of opposing nobles C. members of different churches D. merchants in different trade guilds 32. To people who believed in the Mandate of Heaven, when was it all right to overthrow an emperor? A. never at any time B. when he ruled badly CORRECT C. when he became unpopular D. when citizens wanted a change 33. Which phrase belongs in the empty box?

5 A. foreign attacks B. strong imperial rule C. dishonest bureaucracy CORRECT D. civil service examination 34. How was China after the Han dynasty like Europe after the fall of Rome? A. It adopted a different religion. B. It was governed by harsh tyrants. C. It grew rich through foreign trade. D. It broke into separate kingdoms. CORRECT 35. Whom did the earliest emperors of China choose to help them govern? A. priests B. scholars C. foreigners D. aristocrats CORRECT 36. How did the king conduct imperial business and address the people s concerns? A. in secret councils B. in a grand daily court CORRECT C. in one large yearly meeting D. in a room nobody else could enter 37. Which of these sources best helps scholars learn about the cultures of the Mayan, Aztec, and Incan people? A. paintings by recent Spanish painters B. artifacts from the sites of modern cities C. accounts written by English authors D. traditions found among descendants CORRECT 38. Which describes the solar year calculated by the Mayas? A. the year of 260 days on the sacred calendar B. the number of days in a single Calendar Round C. the time it takes Earth to go once around the sun CORRECT D. 12 times the period from one full moon to the next 39. Which picture shows a Mayan stele? A. A CORRECT B. B C. C D. D 40. A Maya sees a stranger and knows what town he or she is from. What traditional Mayan art makes this possible? A. weaving cloth in complex patterns CORRECT B. making jewelry from silver and gold C. carving sculptures in animal shapes D. making hats out of grasses and feathers 41. Why did the Mayas create hundreds of glyphs?

6 A. to raise crops on steep mountain slopes B. to communicate sounds, words, and ideas CORRECT C. to teach men, women, and children their duties D. to protect themselves from attack by foreign invaders 42. The magnetic compass and the astrolabe encouraged the development of A. Renaissance ideals. B. exploration by ship. CORRECT C. colonial bureaucracies. D. weapons using gunpowder. 43. Westernization was the process by which A. European ideas and values spread around the world. CORRECT B. colonial powers extended their influence into the interior. C. Asian products and inventions were introduced into Europe. D. democratically elected governments replaced absolute rulers. 44. Which military tactic was part of the gunpowder revolution? A. sending spies behind enemy lines B. equipping local residents with spears C. surprising enemies with night attacks D. battering city walls with cannonballs CORRECT 45. Why is the empire of the Ottoman Turks considered a gunpowder empire? A. They used guns to conquer a large area on three continents. CORRECT B. They controlled the trade in gunpowder between Europe and Asia. C. They mounted guns on their ships to protect their overseas colonies. D. They had a monopoly on mining the nitrate used in making gunpowder. 46. What change happened in Europe as a result of Gutenberg s innovation? A. Far more books became readily available. CORRECT B. Processing metal became far more efficient. C. Scholarship became concentrated in monasteries. D. Latin became the common language of the people. 47. The destruction of feudalism and the growth of urban workshops resulted in part from changes in population caused by A. new church policies. B. new foods from America. C. the bubonic plague. CORRECT D. the decline of universities. 48. Money to support the arts in Renaissance Italy came primarily from A. industry. B. commerce. CORRECT C. agriculture. D. construction. 49. The Renaissance artist most famous for his painting the Mona Lisa was A. Michelangelo. B. Bruegel. C. Leonardo da Vinci. CORRECT D. Raphael. 50. Indulgences were considered a sign of church corruption because they were

7 A. privileges given to priests. B. pardons that people could buy. CORRECT C. violations of the vow of poverty. D. arguments against church teachings. 51. Trade helped Europe recover from the economic damage caused in the 1300s by A. the Crusades. B. the Great Fire. C. the Reformation. D. the Black Death. CORRECT 52. What political change took place in Spain, Portugal, England, and France in the 1400s and 1500s? A. Knights established councils to limit the power of the monarchs. B. Kings gained power at the expense of local nobles and the Church. CORRECT C. City-states used their new economic power to achieve their independence. D. Power to make laws passed from royal families to the growing middle class. 53. What could a European government do to promote trade? A. It could enact laws to protect private property. B. It could standardize weights and measures. C. It could ensure the safety of merchants traveling within its boundaries. D. all of the above CORRECT 54. Why did Portugal and Spain decide to invest in exploration? A. They wanted nothing more than the pride of being first to discover new lands. B. They hoped to find a new way to the Holy Land so they could gain control of it from the Muslims. C. They wanted to bypass the Muslim and Italian traders who controlled the luxury trade from Asia. CORRECT D. They hoped to encourage people from other regions to move there, in order to build up their populations. 55. How did religion play a role in European exploration? A. Europeans wished to bring Christianity to non-christians. CORRECT B. Europeans wanted to learn more about other world religions. C. Europeans sought a place where they could practice Christianity freely. D. Europeans wanted to strengthen the Muslim empire led by the Ottoman Turks. 56. Justinian built Hagia Sophia as a A. hospital. B. market. C. palace. D. church. CORRECT 57. What was Justinian s Code? A. an improved library system B. a new form of writing C. a school of philosophy D. an organized set of laws CORRECT 58. What was the power structure of the Byzantine Empire in religious matters? A. The pope ruled over the bishops. B. The emperor and the pope were equals. C. The emperor had power over the patriarch. CORRECT D. The patriarch was appointed by the bishops. 59. In the Middle Ages, what is one way in which the Divine Liturgy was different from the Roman Catholic mass?

8 A. It was held outdoors. B. It was led by a bishop. C. It was conducted in silence. D. It could be in the local language. CORRECT 60. The Eastern Orthodox missionary Saint Cyril is remembered for creating the Cyrillic A. liturgy. B. temple. C. alphabet. CORRECT D. religion. 61. Why did Emperor Leo III establish a policy of iconoclasm? A. He wanted more paintings of Jesus in the churches. B. He believed people needed pictures to help them pray. C. He did not like the style of religious art in Constantinople. D. He thought people were worshipping pictures instead of God. CORRECT 62. Which import from the Americas to Europe had the greatest long-term effect on the European economy? A. wheat B. silver CORRECT C. coffee D. bananas