The Thirty Years War, Origins of the war:
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1 The Thirty Years War, Origins of the war:
2 The Thirty Years War, Origins of the war: 1. Religious dispute - Catholics vs. Lutherans vs. Calvinist
3 The Thirty Years War, Origins of the war: 1. Religious dispute - Catholics vs. Lutherans vs. Calvinist 2. Ethnic competition - HRE consisted of 8 major ethnicities, war drew in most European powers
4 The Thirty Years War, Origins of the war: 1. Religious dispute - Catholics vs. Lutherans vs. Calvinist 2. Ethnic competition - HRE consisted of 8 major ethnicities, war drew in most European powers 3. Political weakness - Peace of Augsburg created no mechanism for solving new conflicts, Habsburgs were losing grip over princes
5 The Thirty Years War, Origins of the war: 1. Religious dispute - Catholics vs. Lutherans vs. Calvinist 2. Ethnic competition - HRE consisted of 8 major ethnicities, war drew in most European powers 3. Political weakness - Peace of Augsburg created no mechanism for solving new conflicts, Habsburgs were losing grip over princes - Spark of the war - Archduke Ferdinand, heir of HRE, became king of Bohemia & began to restrict religious freedoms of Prot.
6 Defenestration of Prague Protestant nobles tossed the HRE ambassadors out the window when they brought the message that Protestantism would no longer be tolerated.
7 - Battle of White Mountain - Czechs rejected Ferdinand II as emperor, chose Frederick V, who was routed by HRE forces - battle was symbolic of Czech desire for independence
8 - Battle of White Mountain - Czechs rejected Ferdinand II as emperor, chose Frederick V, who was routed by HRE forces - battle was symbolic of Czech desire for independence HRE Allies:
9 - Battle of White Mountain - Czechs rejected Ferdinand II as emperor, chose Frederick V, who was routed by HRE forces - battle was symbolic of Czech desire for independence HRE Allies: - Wallenstein - HRE General - a Protestant Czech
10 - Battle of White Mountain - Czechs rejected Ferdinand II as emperor, chose Frederick V, who was routed by HRE forces - battle was symbolic of Czech desire for independence HRE Allies: - Wallenstein - HRE General - a Protestant Czech - Spain - also sought to crush the Dutch in this conflict
11 - Battle of White Mountain - Czechs rejected Ferdinand II as emperor, chose Frederick V, who was routed by HRE forces - battle was symbolic of Czech desire for independence HRE Allies: - Wallenstein - HRE General - a Protestant Czech - Spain - also sought to crush the Dutch in this conflict Enemies of HRE:
12 - Battle of White Mountain - Czechs rejected Ferdinand II as emperor, chose Frederick V, who was routed by HRE forces - battle was symbolic of Czech desire for independence HRE Allies: - Wallenstein - HRE General - a Protestant Czech - Spain - also sought to crush the Dutch in this conflict Enemies of HRE: - Denmark - Lutheran king Christian IV
13 - Battle of White Mountain - Czechs rejected Ferdinand II as emperor, chose Frederick V, who was routed by HRE forces - battle was symbolic of Czech desire for independence HRE Allies: - Wallenstein - HRE General - a Protestant Czech - Spain - also sought to crush the Dutch in this conflict Enemies of HRE: - Denmark - Lutheran king Christian IV - Sweden - King Gustavus Adolphus - 100,000 man army
14 - Battle of White Mountain - Czechs rejected Ferdinand II as emperor, chose Frederick V, who was routed by HRE forces - battle was symbolic of Czech desire for independence HRE Allies: - Wallenstein - HRE General - a Protestant Czech - Spain - also sought to crush the Dutch in this conflict Enemies of HRE: - Denmark - Lutheran king Christian IV - Sweden - King Gustavus Adolphus - 100,000 man army - France - Cardinal Richelieu - chief minister of Louis XIII & chief conductor of French efforts thru most of the war
15 - Battle of White Mountain - Czechs rejected Ferdinand II as emperor, chose Frederick V, who was routed by HRE forces - battle was symbolic of Czech desire for independence HRE Allies: - Wallenstein - HRE General - a Protestant Czech - Spain - also sought to crush the Dutch in this conflict Enemies of HRE: - Denmark - Lutheran king Christian IV - Sweden - King Gustavus Adolphus - 100,000 man army - France - Cardinal Richelieu - chief minister of Louis XIII & chief conductor of French efforts thru most of the war - The Dutch - sought independence from Spain
16 Wallenstein - General of the HRE forces - A Scene from the Thirty Years War
17 Wallenstein - General of the HRE forces - A Scene from the Thirty Years War
18 Wallenstein - General of the HRE forces - A Scene from the Thirty Years War Soldiers plunder a farm during the Thirty Year s War
19
20 PEACE OF WESTPHALIA
21 PEACE OF WESTPHALIA Meeting of major Euro leaders
22 PEACE OF WESTPHALIA Meeting of major Euro leaders - Rolled back many gains of Counter-Reformation
23 PEACE OF WESTPHALIA Meeting of major Euro leaders - Rolled back many gains of Counter-Reformation - Fractured the HRE, destroyed Germany
24 PEACE OF WESTPHALIA Meeting of major Euro leaders - Rolled back many gains of Counter-Reformation - Fractured the HRE, destroyed Germany - Stabilized religious splits, removed religion from politics
25 PEACE OF WESTPHALIA Meeting of major Euro leaders - Rolled back many gains of Counter-Reformation - Fractured the HRE, destroyed Germany - Stabilized religious splits, removed religion from politics - raison d etat - reasons of state - the state s interest above all else
26 PEACE OF WESTPHALIA Meeting of major Euro leaders - Rolled back many gains of Counter-Reformation - Fractured the HRE, destroyed Germany - Stabilized religious splits, removed religion from politics - raison d etat - reasons of state - the state s interest above all else - Defined Europe as a collection of Sovereign States that rejected religious unity & universal monarchy
27 PEACE OF WESTPHALIA Meeting of major Euro leaders - Rolled back many gains of Counter-Reformation - Fractured the HRE, destroyed Germany - Stabilized religious splits, removed religion from politics - raison d etat - reasons of state - the state s interest above all else - Defined Europe as a collection of Sovereign States that rejected religious unity & universal monarchy - Big winners - France & Sweden gain territory
28 PEACE OF WESTPHALIA Meeting of major Euro leaders - Rolled back many gains of Counter-Reformation - Fractured the HRE, destroyed Germany - Stabilized religious splits, removed religion from politics - raison d etat - reasons of state - the state s interest above all else - Defined Europe as a collection of Sovereign States that rejected religious unity & universal monarchy - Big winners - France & Sweden gain territory - Big losers - HRE & Spain - broke, divided, lost territory
29
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