John Calvin Presentation
|
|
- Kristopher Paul
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 John Calvin Presentation Ryan Robinson I think everybody here is probably already familiar with at least some aspects of John Calvin s life and theology so I m basically going to whirlwind tour to try to touch on as many different aspects of the life and work of John Calvin as possible. Most of it is drawn right out of the Gonzalez text although I ve mixed in bits and pieces from other classes or other sources as well. Biography I ll start with a general biography of Calvin s life. Calvin s background before he becomes an influential theologian is not as well-known as that of Luther. Like Zwingli, Calvin s theology developed out of a strong sense of intellectualism and with a significant humanist influence, unlike Luther whose theology can largely be traced to his own experiences. Exactly when Calvin converted to Protestantism is not exactly known, but it was some time between 1533 and This means that we re talking approximately a generation after Luther got the ball rolling on reformation and after Zwingli started the Reformed movement, and by now there has been some effort to unite those two Protestant movements. Calvin has now joined this new and partly-established Protestant movement, particularly picking up where Zwingli left off centred around Switzerland while the Lutheran movement was centred in Germany. Calvin would be the one to continue a lot of streams of thought that were already happening in that movement and to go a long way towards solidifying it. Calvin became a very prolific writer. His first work came in 1532 on Seneca s De Clementia and made no noticeable impact, but Gonzalez points out that you can see his future theology in formation throughout it. His most famous work was Institutes of the Christian Religion with its first edition in 1536 which went through a few revisions and essentially laid out his entire systematic theology. The revisions greatly expanded it as it eventually grow from 6 chapters to 80 chapters. He also wrote biblical
2 commentaries on almost every book of Scripture and wrote other texts, but they mostly pale in comparison to Institutes and the effect it still has even today on influencing theology. Calvin s reformation years came in a few different places. Around the time of the writing of the first edition of the Institutes would be considered the beginning of his reform work. Calvin left France and intended to go to Strasbourg which was a refuge for reformers in the Holy Roman Empire. On the way there, he was forced to detour to Geneva, intending to only stay one night. William Farel who was also a French reformer living there convinced him to stay and help with the reform movements. At this point Calvin wasn t that interested in becoming a reformer but he eventually accepted in a limited role where he could mostly keep his privacy. Calvin and Farel wrote a confession of faith which was then accepted by the city council. The council then began to enforce this confession of faith and most of the citizens did not subscribe to it. Eventually a disagreement between Farel, Calvin, and the council forced the two reformers to leave Geneva. Calvin then accepted a ministerial role in Strasbourg under reformer Martin Bucer while Farel went to lead a church in Neuchatel. The second edition of Institutes was published in this time, expanding it from 6 chapters to 17. He also was scheduled for one wedding in this time, as people believed that he should get married, but he remained reluctant and it never happened. Instead, he married a widow named Idelette de Bure. After a short time, the religious and political situation in Geneva changed and so the council changed their mind and invited him to return. Calvin s most famous influence came when he returned to Geneva, as a pseudo-theocracy developed with the city council now fully behind his reforms. Calvin became a very frequent preacher and with the city council they defined four levels of ministerial function for this new branch of the church: pastors for preaching and the sacraments; doctors to teach; elders to provide discipline; and deacons to care for the poor and otherwise-needy. In this time he also dealt with a lot of opposition that
3 arose with the libertines who believed that because of grace they were not bound by ecclesiastical or civil law and then famously came in opposition with Michael Servetus, a teacher who did not accept the doctrines of the Trinity or of infant baptism. He was condemned as a heretic in Calvin s Geneva and was burned at the stake. From then on, Calvin s position as a dominant reformer with Geneva s city council s support was relatively unchallenged. Calvin s Theology For beginning to look at Calvin s theology, the starting point is his understanding of revelation. Calvin opens his Institutes with a discussion of the knowledge of God. He says that there are basically two types of knowledge: knowledge of God and knowledge of self. He then argues why it is better to begin with knowledge of God, because in discerning knowledge of self, we are too likely to deceive ourselves with the inherent bias that comes with that. This knowledge of God is not simply intellectually accepting that there is a God and is not even so much about God s character as it is about knowing how we are to act in a way that God wants. Calvin does not entirely dismiss other revelations such as natural law but, because of the fallen nature of humanity and the rest of creation, priority is given to the revelation of God in Scripture. Strictly speaking, he would say that the Word of God is Jesus the second person of the Trinity but he would also call the Bible the Word of God, as many still do today, because it is the divine revelation that points us to Jesus. This picture of God in Scripture is accommodated, meaning that it is reduced or simplified to be understandable to our limited human understanding. It is analogous to the way that a parent may reduce the complexity of a concept in order for a child to understand. This is one aspect of the huge distance he sees between God and humanity and this understanding of the distance will shape a lot of his theology.
4 For this reason, I ve heard many Reformed Christians say that the core theme to understand Reformed theology even up to today is the word sovereignty. From Calvin s understanding, sovereignty specifically means a distance, a distinct otherness, or even a complete separation from the reprobate, so far above fallen humanity that there is nothing we can do on our own to relate to God. This lines up with Luther s emphasis on the grace of God and flatly rejects any role for works in salvation, even the work of accepting God s grace. While for Luther this came out of his own paranoid need for assurance of salvation, for Calvin it came out of a purely rational argument from his belief in human total depravity. Probably Calvin s most famous theology to come out of this is that of double predestination. Predestination means simply that God has predetermined everything in its finest detail, including most importantly the question of who is saved and who is not. Like Luther he believed that salvation was solely the decision of God, predetermined from the beginning of time. The double of double predestination means that this predestining works both ways. While some argue that God predestines the elect to be saved, they cannot accept that he would also predestine many others to damnation. They would instead argue that people choose condemnation, essentially by default, and they are unable to choose otherwise but they still technically choose it, and God only saves but never condemns. This would generally be called soft Calvinism. Of course you could also argue then that God not saving some is in effect the same as just condemning them in the first place, but some make that distinction. Calvin himself had no problem with the other side of the predestination coin, though, and said that God did predestine some to damnation. He doesn t attempt to explain why God would do this, but says simply that God is beyond our comprehension again with the theme of the separateness of God and we are to simply trust in his wisdom.
5 Shifting gears a bit, Calvin had a very well developed understanding of the Trinity. During the summer term some of us took a course in Pneumatology and one of the readings I presented on for that course was from the Institutes. Calvin provides an extremely well-argued defense of the Trinity. Few if any texts present a better explanation even up to today. My assumption for the reason of this great defense of the doctrine is the dispute with Servetus. In needing to refute Servetus, Calvin s arguments on this matter became very refined. Calvin has even been called the theologian of the Spirit because relative to many others he paid a lot of attention to the Holy Spirit, although as we discussed in that class it still wasn t nearly as much attention as paid to the Creator and to Jesus. Calvin sticks with traditional understandings of Jesus. In Jesus, Calvin says there were two natures in one person, fully human and fully divine, as with the Constantinopolitan Creed. Against one of his opponents, he argued that Christ became incarnate specifically for our redemption and that there isn t any reason to believe anything beyond that. He also made sure to reinforce the understanding of Christ s humanity, not just a body from Heaven passing through Mary s womb - as some Anabaptists like Menno Simons were saying - but truly fully human. Calvin also defended against Francesco Stancaro that Christ s redemptive activity is due to his hypostatic (two natures in one) union of God and man, not just his humanity. Calvin also developed the idea of three functions of Christ: priest, prophet, and king. As priest, Jesus is the intercessor between humanity and God. He also empowers his followers, all of us and not just the clergy, to be priests as well. Jesus is the greatest prophet because he is the fulfillment of all the other prophecies and he is the ultimate revelation of God to us. He is the supreme and unique king over everything, governing from his very-sovereign position every aspect of our lives. The work of Christ was primarily defined in terms of a penal substitution understanding of the atonement. Jesus paid the penalty for sin on behalf of humanity so that the elect could be made right
6 with God. As with Luther, the idea of faith became central for receiving this pardon from sin. Faith was something which could only be given from God through the work of the Holy Spirit and thus only those elected to have it did. If you weren t elect, the Holy Spirit wasn t working in you and you did not have faith. This is the main work of the Holy Spirit for Calvin bringing the elect to Christ. Faith is primarily an intellectual concept, although it is also a relational concept of trusting in the person of Jesus as well. The Gonzalez text sums that all up with a quote, saying Now we shall possess a right definition of faith if we call it a firm and certain knowledge of God s benevolence toward us, founded upon the truth of the freely given promise in Christ, both revealed to our minds and sealed upon our hearts through the Holy Spirit. The function of law was different for Calvin than it was for Luther, which is why emphasizing the kingship of Christ made sense. Calvin does not mean the counterpart of gospel as Luther did, but instead simply meant the revelation of God to ancient Israel. Instead of having an opposition between the two, albeit an opposition that has a functional tension between the two kingdoms in Luther s view, law and gospel are essentially continuous. Both testaments for Calvin are about Jesus, so they are continuous in that one main point. He also differentiates the ceremonial laws of the Old Testament from the moral laws. The ceremonial laws he said point to Christ and thus do not need to be continued because Christ has fulfilled the real meaning of them already. The moral laws for Calvin had three purposes. First, in agreement with Luther, the moral law shows us our sinfulness. It demonstrates that we are totally depraved and thus need God to rescue us. Calvin s second purpose was that the moral law is used to restrain the wicked. This doesn t actually lead to redemption of the wicked in any way but it is necessary for social order in a fallen world. This is a similar reasoning to just war theory: war is not ideal and should be avoided when possible but it is necessary for restraining evil and the moral law is not the end goal but it is necessary for restraining evil.
7 The third purpose of the moral law goes back to the idea of Christ as king, as the moral law in both the old and new testaments for Calvin and for the Reformed tradition since also has a heavy emphasis on how we are supposed to live today. In summary, Calvin believed that we are freed from the ceremonial law because they have been fulfilled, and we have been freed from the curse of the moral law but are still bound to follow the moral law out of obedience to Christ our king. Of the various Reformation movements, Calvin had the strongest connection between the church and state. Luther was still tied to the state but had a distinct two kingdoms theology which separated the two at least in principle. Calvin did not make as much of a distinction, which is why his agreement with the Geneva City Council was so essential to establishing his pseudo-theocracy. This makes a lot of sense particularly from the second purpose of the law that I mentioned. If the moral law is to help restrain the evil in society, this is a universal ethic and not just an ecclesial ethic. It was therefore the duty of the state, informed by the church, to enforce these moral laws. These moral laws could even be things that we would consider intolerant of other religious beliefs as with Michael Servetus death as a heretic carried out by the church and state in agreement. Geneva under Calvin s leadership also enforced other religious laws such as Sabbath-keeping with very stiff punishments. The church, although tied to the state, does have another distinction within itself between the visible and the invisible church. The invisible church is the real church and is comprised of all the elect, living and dead, around the world. The visible church is the necessary but secondary public outworking and organization of that invisible church: our institutions and religious practices. In a fallen world, this is a necessity and in effect we consider the visible church to be our church for practical reasons, but there are clearly some who are in the visible church who Calvin would say are clearly not in the invisible church, such as the Pope. Calvin believed there are ways to tell the members of the invisible church, although only God really knows for certain. These are the people who confess God and Christ,
8 participate in the sacraments, and lead a good life. The church therefore is for preaching the Word of God meaning primarily Jesus but also Scripture as opposed to the church itself as authoritative and for administering the sacraments. On the Eucharist, Calvin tries to strike a position somewhere between the Lutheran position on the one hand and the Zwinglian and Anabaptist position on the other. He does call them sacraments as opposed to ordinances and argues that they do have special meaning inherent in them and it is therefore not purely a symbol. The Holy Spirit works through the sacraments to fortify the faith of believers. On the other hand, this meaning is not an element of grace which leads to salvation because that is only possible through the grace of God. On baptism, Calvin affirmed infant baptism primarily as a replacement for circumcision, which is a coherent argument because of the continuous function of the law that I discussed earlier. He rejected the believer s baptism of the Anabaptists because that required a choice to be baptized and therefore there was work involved and not simply grace which could be given to anybody of any age. 500 years later, Calvin is still one of the most influential theologians in the history of the church, close behind Augustine and Aquinas in my opinion. The Institutes remains one of the most influential theological documents of all time. So these twenty minutes barely scratched the surface of the life and theology of John Calvin.
Topics.
Topics Introduction & Context for the Reformation Desiderius Erasmus and the Humanists Martin Luther & Germany Huldrych Zwingli & Switzerland Reformation Radicals John Calvin & Geneva The Reformation in
More informationJohn Calvin I INTRODUCTION
A Monthly Newsletter of the Association of Nigerian Christian Authors and Publishers November Edition Website: www.ancaps.wordpress.com E-mail:ancapsnigeria@yahoo.com I INTRODUCTION John Calvin John Calvin
More informationKNOW YOUR CHURCH HISTORY (12) The Reformation Church ( ) From Calvin to Calvinism
A. Introduction KNOW YOUR CHURCH HISTORY (12) The Reformation Church (1517-1648) From Calvin to Calvinism 1. As the Word of God was unleashed, a true church faithful to the Gospel emerged out of the Medieval
More informationLike HRE, Switzerland was a loose confederacy of 13 autonomous cantons 2 conditions for the Reformation:
Like HRE, Switzerland was a loose confederacy of 13 autonomous cantons 2 conditions for the Reformation: Growth of national sentiment due to opposition to mercenary service Desire for church reform Ulrich
More informationReformation Church History
Reformation Church History CH502 LESSON 10 of 24 W. Robert Godfrey, PhD Experience: President, Westminster Seminary California In our lecture now we turn to the subject of John Calvin. It s hard for me
More informationLesson 3: Who Are Protestants?
STANDARD C - WHAT DOES IT MEAN TO BE A PART OF THE PEOPLE OF GOD? Introduction Lesson 3: Who Are Protestants? Most Christians are in agreement on basic beliefs. Most accept the Apostles Creed and the Nicene
More informationThe Reformation. Context, Characters Controversies, Consequences Class 7: John Calvin and the Genevan Crucible
The Reformation Context, Characters Controversies, Consequences Class 7: John Calvin and the Genevan Crucible Class 7 Goals See how Protestant reforms were institutionalized. Trace the life, career, and
More informationThe Protestant Reformation and its Effects
The Protestant Reformation and its Effects 1517-1618 Context How had the Christian faith grown since its inception? What role did the Church play in Europe during the Middle Ages? How had the Church changed
More informationLuther Leads the Reformation
Name Date CHAPTER 17 Section 3 RETEACHING ACTIVITY Luther Leads the Reformation Determining Main Ideas Choose the word that most accurately completes each sentence below. Write that word in the blank provided.
More informationBrief Glossary of Theological Terms
Brief Glossary of Theological Terms What follows is a brief discussion of some technical terms you will have encountered in the course of reading this text, or which arise from it. adoptionism The heretical
More informationJOHN CALVIN: HIS LIFE Part 2
Rev. Troy Lynn Pritt August 16, 2009 Page 1 JOHN CALVIN: HIS LIFE Part 2 In last week s sermon I gave the highlights of John Calvin s life up to the point when he was expelled from Geneva at the age of
More informationThe Protestant Reformation. Marshall High School Western Civilization II Mr. Cline Unit Two LB
The Protestant Reformation Marshall High School Western Civilization II Mr. Cline Unit Two LB The Reformation Hits Europe Luther may have sparked a revolution, but there were others involved in its spread.
More informationAP European History Mr. Mercado Chapter 14B (pp ) Reform and Renewal in the Christian Church
AP European History Mr. Mercado Name Chapter 14B (pp. 470-484) Reform and Renewal in the Christian Church A. True or False Where the statement is true, mark T. Where it is false, mark F, and correct it
More informationFour Views on the Role of Grace in Salvation
Four Views on the Role of Grace in Salvation November 2, 2008 Pelagianism o Pelagius was a British monk at the end of the 4 th Century who was offended by the loose morals of the clergy in Rome o Pelagius
More informationI. Introduction. II. Scripture Reading (Acts 15:1-21, NIV, 1984)
Osaka International Church Pastor Daniel Ellrick March 3 rd, 2013 Series: Acts # 43 Scripture: Acts 15:1-21 Key Verse: Ephesians 2:8-9 Title: We are not under Moses Special Events: Communion I. Introduction
More informationRev. Troy Lynn Pritt August 9, 2009 Page 1
Rev. Troy Lynn Pritt August 9, 2009 Page 1 JOHN CALVIN: HIS LIFE Part 1 Remember those who rule over you, who have spoken the word of God to you, whose faith follow, considering the outcome of their conduct.
More informationDiscipleship: An Introduc3on to Systema3c Theology and Apologe3cs
Discipleship: An Introduc3on to Systema3c Theology and Apologe3cs The Doctrines of Redemp2on: The Reformers The Heights Church February 18, 2018 The Reforma3on Calvin s Switzerland Strasbourg Paris to
More informationReformation Continues
Reformation Continues Chapter 17 Section 4 Huldrych Zwingli Zwingli- Catholic priest in Zurich, Switzerland Influenced by Christian humanist and Luther 1520- attacks abuses of the Church Wanted more personal
More informationThe Protestant Reformation Part 2
The Protestant Reformation Part 2 Key figures in the Reformation movement after Luther Ulrich Zwingli Switzerland John Calvin Switzerland Thomas Cranmer England William Tyndale England John Knox Scotland
More informationTo help protect y our priv acy, PowerPoint prev ented this external picture from being automatically downloaded. To download and display this
To help protect y our priv acy, PowerPoint prev ented this external picture from being automatically downloaded. To download and display this picture, click Options in the Message Bar, and then click Enable
More informationProtestant Reformation
Protestant Reformation WHII.3 The student will demonstrate knowledge of the Reformation in terms of its impact on Western civilization by a) explaining the effects of the theological, political, and economic
More information2. Early Calls for Reform
2. Early Calls for Reform By the 1300s, the Church was beginning to lose some of its moral and religious standing. Many Catholics, including clergy, criticized the corruption and abuses in the Church.
More informationCalvinism in Europe 11/19/12. John Calvin ( ) & the Reformed Church. Calvinism in Western Christianity. See Map in Zophy, p.
John Calvin (1509-1564) & the Reformed Church Calvinism in Western Christianity Calvinism in Europe See Zophy p. 224 See Map in Zophy, p. 227 1 Calvinism in America Our Government strikes a balance between
More informationWHAT IS REFORMED THEOLOGY?
A P P E N D I X 5 WHAT IS REFORMED THEOLOGY? The EFCA has a very strong affirmation of the essentials of the Christian faith, but it also gives congregations some freedom to govern their more specific
More informationprivate contract between believer and God
Reaction against both Catholicism and the Magisterial reformers Luther and Calvin who had state support. Radicals changed how Scripture was to be read, how membership was understood, meaning and practice
More information07/23/2017. Different Yet Related -- Reformed Tradition, John Calvin. Rev. Seth D Jones Scripture: Proverbs 16:1-4; Romans 8:26-30; John 6:35-40
07/23/2017 Different Yet Related -- Reformed Tradition, John Calvin Rev. Seth D Jones Scripture: Proverbs 16:1-4; Romans 8:26-30; John 6:35-40 If there is any phrase that stands above all others to describe
More informationLutheranism Beliefs About Sin and Salvation Ultimate Source of Authority
Lutheranism The first major Protestant sect was Lutheranism. Lutheranism began in Germany after Martin Luther was excommunicated by the Catholic Church in 1521. Luther was a Catholic priest and scholar.
More informationThe Anabaptists. by Dr. Jack L. Arnold. Reformation Men and Theology, lesson 10 of 11
The Anabaptists by Dr. Jack L. Arnold Reformation Men and Theology, lesson 10 of 11 I. INTRODUCTION A. The Anabaptists were separatists who rejected infant baptism and believed that the outward, external
More informationContents John Calvin: Founder of the Reformed Tradition
Contents John Calvin: Founder of the Reformed Tradition Introduction to Being Reformed: Faith Seeking Understanding... 7 Introduction to John Calvin: Founder of the Reformed Tradition... 8 Session 1. Why
More informationRidgway, Colorado Website: Facebook: Presbyterian Church (USA) Basic Beliefs
Ridgway, Colorado Website: www.ucsjridgway.org Facebook: www.facebook.com/ucsjridgway We are affiliated with: Presbyterian Church (USA), Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, United Church of Christ
More informationOutline of Membership Class
Outline of Membership Class The Membership Class is made up of four one hour classes: Class One: Watch video on Beliefs and Doctrines What do You Promise as a member The Tenets of the Presbyterian Church
More informationThe Protestant Reformation ( )
The Protestant Reformation (1450-1565) Key Concepts End of Religious Unity and Universality in the West Attack on the medieval church its institutions, doctrine, practices and personnel I. The Church s
More information1) Africans, Asians an Native Americans exposed to Christianity
Two traits that continue into the 21 st Century 1) Africans, Asians an Native Americans exposed to Christianity Becomes truly a world religion Now the evangelistic groups 2) emergence of a modern scientific
More informationComparison of Basic Beliefs
Comparison of Basic Beliefs of Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.) (PCUSA), Covenant Order of Evangelical Presbyterians (ECO), and Evangelical Presbyterian Church (EPC) Office of Theology and Worship, Presbyterian
More informationBible Study #
Bible Study # 15 1 19 16 Faith Alone Controversy Heresies Within the Early Church Judaizers one had to be a Jew to be a Christian Gnostics secret knowledge Dualism two gods: one good, one bad Montanism
More informationJohn Calvin From Second Reform in Geneva to Death ( )
John Calvin From Second Reform in Geneva to Death (1541 1564) by Dr. Jack L. Arnold Reformation Men and Theology, lesson 8 of 11 I. INTRODUCTION A. From 1536 to 1538 Calvin had great authority in Geneva.
More informationCOMBINED INDEX. revealed in NT, satisfaction, attributes of God. See God, attributes
COMBINED INDEX A Abelard, Peter, 2.74 75 adoption, 2.163 65, 2.198 afterlife. See eschatology agnosticism, 1.41 42 amillennialism, 3.207 Anabaptism, 2.100 ancestor worship, 3.192 93 angels, 1.79 annihilationism,
More informationbody that means at the point of consecration by the priest, the elements the cup and the bread become the actual glorified, physical body of Christ.
The Lord s Supper in Biblical Perspective The Reformation and the Lord s Supper I Corinthians 11:17 34 Dr. Harry L. Reeder III October 28, 2018 Evening Sermon I Corinthians 11:23 26 says [23] For I received
More informationWGUMC October 1, 2017 Colossians 1:15-20 John Calvin and the Supremacy of Christ. For me, theology is like genealogy. Instead of researching
WGUMC October 1, 2017 Colossians 1:15-20 John Calvin and the Supremacy of Christ For me, theology is like genealogy. Instead of researching where your people come from, theologians study where your beliefs
More informationGrade 8 Chapter 11 Study Guide
Grade 8 Chapter 11 Study Guide 1300 1500 A.D. are known as the late Middle Ages. This was a time of disease, disorder and great change in the church. The plague, or black death was a highly contagious
More information12-1 Notes, page 1 THE SEVEN SACRAMENTS
12-1 Notes, page 1 THE SEVEN SACRAMENTS 1. Baptism 2. Eucharist 3. Reconciliation (Penance, Confession) 4. Confirmation 5. Matrimony 6. Holy Orders 7. Anointing of the Sick (Extreme Unction) THE DECLINE
More informationOrigins of Lutheranism Lutheran Beliefs about the Ultimate Source of Authority
Origins of Lutheranism The first major protestant sect was Lutheranism which began in 1521 in Germany after Martin Luther was excommunicated by the Catholic Church. Luther, a Catholic priest and scholar
More informationAnabaptist History and thought part 2 HPMF October 20, Born from the Exploitation of Peasants
Anabaptist History and thought part 2 HPMF October 20, 2013 Born from the Exploitation of Peasants Matthew 13:31-33,44-46 31 He put before them another parable: The kingdom of heaven is like a mustard
More informationWhat Does It Mean to Be a United Methodist? Session 1: Opening Prayer (read together)
What Does It Mean to Be a United Methodist? Session 1: Opening Prayer (read together) Gracious and Loving God, we gather as your people to explore, to learn, to understand more about you and who you call
More informationWhat Does God s Word Say About Eternal Security And Falling Away Calvinism - Arminianism September 26, 2010
What Does God s Word Say About Eternal Security And Falling Away Calvinism - Arminianism September 26, 2010 I. Introduction A. Goal: 1. To encourage us to search the scriptures not just our favorite portions
More informationIssue PC(USA) ECO EPC
Comparison of Basic Beliefs and Viewpoints of Three Presbyterian Denominations: Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.) (PCUSA), Evangelical Covenant Order of Presbyterians (ECO), and Evangelical Presbyterian Church
More informationin history GOOD EVIL GOOD EVIL Created yes yes no no Fallen no yes no yes Redeemed yes yes yes no Glorified yes no yes no
Luther and Erasmus The German Reformer Martin Luther had a profound affect on the Church. His efforts, along with those of Calvin, Zwingli and others, literally spawned the Protestant Reformation. Of course
More informationOur Core Beliefs Cornerstone Church of Ames
Our Core Beliefs Cornerstone Church of Ames The Scriptures The Holy Bible was written by men divinely inspired and is God's revelation of Himself to man. It is a perfect treasure of divine instruction.
More informationUlrich Zwingli The Magisterial Reformer. History of the Church 4 Maranatha Chapel Randy Broberg May 2011
Ulrich Zwingli The Magisterial Reformer History of the Church 4 Maranatha Chapel Randy Broberg May 2011 SWITZERLAND CH -- Confederation of the Helvetica Ulrich Zwingli (1484-1531) Ulrich Zwingli was born
More informationYes. Yes Essential Tenets are attached
Comparison of basic beliefs and viewpoints of three Presbyterian denominations: Presbyterian Church (USA) (PCUSA), A Covenant Order of Evangelical Presbyterians (ECO), and the Evangelical Presbyterian
More informationChapter 13. Reformation. Renaissance
Renaissance " French for rebirth" Developed after the crusades when the ideas of humanism created an environment of curiosity and new interest in the individual Chapter 13 Renaissance and Reformation,
More informationhristian Beliefs and Modern History
hristian Beliefs and Modern History Let s Break It Down Scriptures Beliefs Denominations Practices Old Testament v. New Testament Old Testament Basically the TaNaKh or Hebrew Bible New Testament The Four
More informationI gave myself to the Lord
Location: St George Page: 1 of 16 I want you to hear one man s story: When I was quite young I gave myself to the Lord. I then drifted away from the church and from Jesus and ended up walking in a wilderness
More informationQuestioning the Church and the response from the Catholic Church. The Reformation, Counter- Reformation, and societal impacts
Questioning the Church and the response from the Catholic Church The Reformation, Counter- Reformation, and societal impacts 1500-1700 Fundamental Christian Question: How can sinful human beings gain salvation?
More informationCatholic Runaways: The Formation of Protestant Churches in Europe
Catholic Runaways: The Formation of Protestant Churches in Europe I. Trouble Brewing in the Catholic Church A. Great Schism B. Corruption (indulgences, simony) II. Martin Luther: A Monk Gone Bad A. 95
More informationChurch History: John Calvin
YSCM Y o r k s h i r e S c h o o l o f C h r i s t i a n M i n i s t r y for all Bible believing Churches and Christians - organised by The West & North Yorkshire FIEC Churches the bible college on your
More informationThe Reformations: A Catholic Perspective. David J. Endres
The Reformations: A Catholic Perspective David J. Endres Richard John Neuhaus, a celebrated Christian intellectual, addressed a meeting of Lutheran clergy and laity in New York City in 1990. The address
More informationWHAT WE BELIEVE THE BIBLE GOD THE FATHER THE LORD JESUS CHRIST
STATEMENT OF FAITH WHAT WE BELIEVE We believe in what is termed The Apostles Creed as embodying all the fundamental doctrines of orthodox evangelical Christianity. In addition to the fundamental doctrines
More informationProtestant Reformation
Protestant Reformation The Protestant Reformation Objectives: Students will learn about the criticisms of the Roman Catholic Church, and how this led to a religious movement called the Protestant Reformation.
More information3. According to Luther, salvation comes through a. strict adherence to church law. b. good works. c. faith. d. indulgences. e. a saintly life.
1. Under the Presbyterian form of church government, the church is governed by a. bishops. b. the king of Scotland. c. ministers. d. an elder, similar in power to the pope. e. the people. 2. Which one
More informationSTS Course Descriptions UNDERGRADUATE
STS Course Descriptions UNDERGRADUATE STS 101 Old Testament This course is an overview of the Old Testament in the context of the history of Israel. This course offers a systematic study of God s developing
More informationChristian Values & Biblical Faith
Christian Values & Biblical Faith C H R I S T & C U L T U R E The Problem The Kingdom of God and the Kingdom of the World are not the same thing. They re different. Christianity and civilization have different
More informationMARTIN LUTHER AND THE PROTESTANT REFORMATION
MARTIN LUTHER AND THE PROTESTANT REFORMATION I. The Protestant Reformation A. Abuses in the Roman Catholic Church 1. Popes constantly fighting powerful kings 2. Popes live a life of luxury a. Become patrons
More informationWhat the Bible Says about Baptism
What the Bible Says about Baptism Acts 8:26-39 1 Tonight, as we celebrate the baptisms of Gilbert Coleman, Brian Hayes, and Eldon Wilson, I thought it might be good for us to think together once again
More informationOriginal Sin - Evil in the Garden
Table of Contents Evil in the Garden... 2 Biographies of People Mentioned in the Bibliography... 4 Bibliography... 5 2 Evil in the Garden When Adam and Eve sinned, God condemned our first parents and cursed
More informationJustification and Evangelicalism. Leader s Guide
Justification and Evangelicalism Leader s Guide 2018 The Lutheran Church Missouri Synod 1333 S. Kirkwood Road St. Louis, MO 63122 888-THE LCMS lcms.org/ctcr This work may be reproduced by churches and
More informationKingdom Congress of Illinois Position Paper on Ekklesia Convocation: Convening for a Set Agenda
An ekklesia convocation is not a casual gathering of the saints; it is convened with a predetermined agenda. Something specific is to be determined or accomplished. The community of called out ones convenes
More informationWho Gets Elected? By the Spirit, that is!
Thank you for downloading CQ Rewind Summary Only Version! Each week, the Summary Only version provides you with approximately 4 pages of brief excerpts from the program, along with Scripture citations.
More informationJOHN KNOX ORIGINS OF THE KIRK OF SCOTLAND
JOHN KNOX AND THE ORIGINS OF THE KIRK OF SCOTLAND Political Timeline John Knox Timeline 1542 James V of Scotland dies, succeeded by his 6-day-old-daughter, Mary Stuart, who spends her youth at the French
More informationUNDERSTANDING SCRIPTURE
UNDERSTANDING SCRIPTURE How to Read and Interpret the Bible FIVE WAYS TO INTERPRET THE BOOK OF REVELATION PRETERIST 1. Time period: THE PAST - Took place in first century A.D. during Roman persecution
More informationSOUTH CHURCH Cornerstone Drive Lansing, MI ; Application for Adult Bible Community Teacher
DIRECTIONS: SOUTH CHURCH 5250 Cornerstone Drive Lansing, MI 48917 517-322-2000; www.southlife.org Application for Adult Bible Community Teacher 1. Read the attached Qualifications of an Adult Bible Community
More informationBIBLE STUDIES FOR LIFE Where Life Connects to God s Word
Life. It s not easy. Yet the Bible says we can have life to the fullest! Life that s found in Jesus. Millions of adults are searching for this kind of life. But they aren t sure how to find it. So we ve
More informationThe law exposes sin. Why then was the law given? It was added for the sake of transgressions... Galatians 3:19 (CSB)
The law exposes sin. Why then was the law given? It was added for the sake of transgressions.... Galatians 3:19 (CSB) D E F I N D E F E N E D Apologists Martyrs 325 CHRISTIAN EMPIRE Creeds Nicea - Deity
More informationThe Reformation. The Outcomes Of The Protestant Reformation. Can we be more specific? Where does the Reformation begin?
on Notebook.notebook The Subject: Topic: Grade(s): Prior knowledge: Western Civilization 10th 1st Semester: The Renaissance 1) Chapter 12 Sec 3 4 2) Key people of the 3) How would technology play a part
More informationFACULTY APPLICATION FOR EMPLOYMENT Active for 180 Days
1971 University Blvd., Lynchburg, VA 24502-2269 Telephone: (434) 592-3232 FACULTY APPLICATION FOR EMPLOYMENT Active for 180 Days Please answer all questions Date: 1. PERSONAL Position Applied for: Rank
More informationNicene and Apostles Creed
Nicene and Apostles Creed St Teresa of Avila RCIA September 28, 2017 Creed Credo: I Believe Definitive statement of Christian belief and orthodoxy Also known as Profession of Faith and Symbols of Faith
More informationThe Protestant Reformation. Also known as the Reformation
The Protestant Reformation Also known as the Reformation What w as it? Movement Goal initially was to reform (Make changes) to the beliefs and practices of the Church (Roman Catholic Church was the only
More informationThe Reformation in Europe. Chapter 16
The Reformation in Europe Chapter 16 16-1 THE PROTESTANT REFORMATION What Caused the Reformation? In Northern Europe Christian humanism begins People want to change the Catholic Church Desiderius Erasmus
More informationChristian humanism-goal to reform the Catholic Church Clergy was uneducated Busy with worldly affairs not doing spiritual work Scientific Advances
Christian humanism-goal to reform the Catholic Church Clergy was uneducated Busy with worldly affairs not doing spiritual work Scientific Advances which contradicted the Catholic Church Indulgences paying
More informationFAMILY MEMBERSHIP COVENANT
FAMILY MEMBERSHIP COVENANT OVERVIEW Park Community Church exists to be and make disciples of Jesus by living as a family of sons and daughters who pursue God, brothers and sisters who practice his commands,
More informationCatholic Essentials Reading Guide Chapter 1: The Revelation of Jesus Christ in Scripture
Name Date Catholic Essentials Reading Guide Chapter 1: The Revelation of Jesus Christ in Scripture 1. The apostle was the first person recorded in the Gospels to recognize Jesus as God with the words,
More informationLuther s Teachings Salvation could be obtained through alone The is the sole source of religious truth o not church councils or the All people with
Module 9: The Protestant Reformation Criticisms of the Catholic Church leaders extravagant Priest were poorly John & Jan o Denied the had the right to worldly power o Taught that the had more authority
More informationUnderstanding the Confessions The Scots Confession
Understanding the Confessions The Scots Confession The Scots Confession 1560 The Reformation Period The historical and political context In the 40 years prior to 1560, the Kirk in Scotland had been impacted
More informationMembership Covenant. Our mission is to See, Savor, and Share the Gospel of Jesus Christ.
Membership Covenant The vision of Sojourn Church is to follow Jesus Christ with Faith and Obedience and respond to his grace as agents of his redemption for the glory of God and the making of disciples
More informationCONSTITUTION OF THE EVANGELICAL FREE CHURCH OF KINGSBURG
CONSTITUTION OF THE EVANGELICAL FREE CHURCH OF KINGSBURG Revised April 2009 A. NAME: The name of our church shall be THE EVANGELICAL FREE CHURCH OF KINGSBURG, CALIFORNIA, dba THE ORCHARD BIBLE FELLOWSHIP.
More informationDAMASCUS COMMUNITY CHURCH Agreement with Doctrinal Statement
DAMASCUS COMMUNITY CHURCH Agreement with Doctrinal Statement Those involved in ministry at Damascus Community Church are required to support the DCC doctrinal statement found in the DCC Constitution. Employees
More informationThe Sermons of Dan Duncan. James 2:14-26
The Sermons of Dan Duncan James 2:14-26 Faith That Works James TRANSCRIPT [Prayer] Father, we do thank you for the time we have together this evening, an opportunity for your people to gather together
More informationGonzalez, Justo. The Story of Christianity, vol. 2: The Reformation to Present Day, revised edition. New York: Harper, 2010.
2HT504: History of Christianity II Professor John R. Muether / RTS-Orlando Email: jmuether@rts.edu A continuation of 1HT502, concentrating on leaders and movements of the church in the modern period of
More informationTEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. The Protestant Reformation Begins
The Protestant Reformation Begins Objectives Summarize the factors that encouraged the Protestant Reformation. Analyze Martin Luther s role in shaping the Protestant Reformation. Explain the teachings
More information11/01/2017 Original Document: JAS1-61 / 608
11/01/2017 Original Document: JAS1-61 / 608 4. Because God knew who would believe and who would not does not force the conclusion that human free will does not enter into the equation. 5. The omniscience
More informationThe Reformation. A movement for religious reform
The Reformation A movement for religious reform Luther Leads the Reformation Essential Question: What effect did Luther s protest have on religion and on society? Causes of the Reformation Luther Challenges
More informationSouthwestern. Journal of. Theology. Baptists and Unity. Walter Thomas Conner ( )
Southwestern Journal of Theology Baptists and Unity Walter Thomas Conner (1877 1952) Southwestern Journal of Theology Volume 51 Number 1 Fall 2008 Walter Thomas Conner (1877 1952) The Essentials of Christian
More information8 ZWINGLI AND THE ANABAPTISTS
Chapter 8 ZWINGLI AND THE ANABAPTISTS We are going to be dealing with Zwingli and the birth of the Anabaptists in this chapter. The Anabaptists began as Zwingli s disciples, and we will be looking at how
More informationWhat is the Reformation and Why Does it Matter?
1 2 What is the Reformation and Why Does it Matter? One of the most pivotal moments in the history of the world was the Reformation. The reformation began with a young Roman Catholic monk named Martin
More informationBECOMING A MEMBER OF SOLANA BEACH PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. We are so glad you have decided to explore the possibility of joining our church.
BECOMING A MEMBER OF SOLANA BEACH PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH We are so glad you have decided to explore the possibility of joining our church. We believe church membership is a vital and necessary step in becoming
More informationPage 1. All major religions and civilizations have dealt with this issue in one form or the other, with each providing variant doctrines on the matter
Eschatology is derived from the Greek, εσχατος [eschatos] which means last. Specifically [and for our purposes] it is the branch of Systematic Theology that deals with the last things eschata. Generally,
More informationBEHIND THE BOOK Connecting to the Bible
BEHIND THE BOOK Connecting to the Bible (Observation) SOLUS CHRISTUS AND ULRICH ZWINGLI (READ VARIOUS TRANSLATIONS) OCTOBER 18 TH, 2017 Introduction: Solus Christus or Solo Christo, is the Sola that refers
More informationLecture - The Protestant Reformation
Lecture - The Protestant Reformation A. Causes of the Protestant Reformation Basis - not a single event but a combination of events 1. Relationship with the Renaissance * people began to question the authority
More informationEastern Orthodoxy By Tim Warner Copyright Pristine Faith Restoration Society
Eastern Orthodoxy By Tim Warner Copyright Pristine Faith Restoration Society The position of the Pristine Faith Restoration Society should not be confused with the views of the Eastern Orthodox Church.
More informationPREDESTINATION & FREE WILL PCOM, June 23, 2010
PREDESTINATION & FREE WILL PCOM, June 23, 2010 If you ask assorted Christians (Baptists, Methodists, Episcopalians, Roman Catholics) what Presbyterians believe, 9 times out of 10 they will reply: predestination.
More information