World Religions. Part 4: Buddhism Session 1: Origins. Our Class Web Site: Dirk s Contact Info
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1 Slide 1 World Religions Part 4: Buddhism Session 1: Origins Our Class Web Site: Dirk s Contact Info Phone: (Bethany Church s main number) drodgers@bethanychurch.com Facebook Page: Pastor Dirk Rodgers Tumblr: Dirk s Web Site: Bethany Church Web Site:
2 Slide 2 This Session 1.1 Preliminary Considerations 1.2 The Founder 1.3 The Four Noble Truths
3 Slide 3 Part 4: Buddhism Session 1: Origins 1.1 PRELIMINARY CONSIDERATIONS
4 Slide 4 Buddhism Worldwide Image Source:
5 Slide 5 Challenges to Understanding A diversity of sacred texts in various languages One founder, but multiple traditions
6 Slide 6 Buddhist Sacred Texts Pali Canon (Tripitika/Tipitika) Mahayana Sutras Tibetan Texts
7 Slide 7 Multiple Buddhist Traditions Theravadin Buddhism Mahayana Buddhism Tibetan Buddhism Zen Buddhism Pure Land Buddhism Many Others
8 Slide 8 Part 4: Buddhism Session 1: Origins 1.2 THE FOUNDER
9 Slide 9 A Few Primary Sources Jataka Tales Buddhacharita/Buddhacarita Lalitavistara Sutra Several Others
10 Slide 10 His Name(s) Gautama Siddhartha clan personal name Shakyamuni/Sakymuni Sage of the Shakya/Sakya Shakya/Sakya the name of a family Line
11 Slide 11 A Few Historical Assumptions Born in 5 th or 6 th Century BC; some scholars propose BC Born in what is now Lumbiniwan, Nepal Image Source: accessed 2/12/2016
12 Slide 12 A Few Historical Assumptions Kshatriya varna Father: Suddhodna Mother: Maya Early 20 th century ivory carving of Suddhodna Image Source: By Nomu420 - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, accessed 2/12/2016
13 Slide 13 A Few Historical Assumptions Spouse: Yasodharā Son: Rahula Ajanta Cave painting of Yasodharā and Rahula, dated somewhere between 2 nd century BC and 650 AD, see Image Source: accessed 2/12/2016
14 Slide 14 Aged Person Sick Person Dead Body Ascetic The Four Passing Sites Picture of a painting in a Laotian Temple Image Source: accessed 2/12/2016
15 Slide 15 Age 29, lasting 6 years Extreme Asceticism No release found The Great Renunciation Painting by Abanindranath Tagore ( ) Image Source: hartha.jpg, accessed 2/12/2016
16 Slide 16 Awakening Age 35 Bodhi Tree/Bodhgaya 49 Days of Meditation and Temptation Buddha, the Awakened or Enlightened One Mahabodhi Temple Complex at Bodh Gaya, Bihar, India Image Source: he_mahabodhi_temple.jpg, photograph by Jakub Michankow, 2009, accessed 2/12/2016
17 Slide 17 First Sermon Deer Park in Sarnath, near Varanasi (Benaras) Wheel of Dharma Middle Way ; Four Noble Truths (see below) First sangha, community of monks, men & women, later laypersons, Dhâmek Stûpa in Sârnâth Image Source: arnath.jpg, photograph by Gong Jie, 2014, accessed 2/12/2016
18 Slide 18 Remaining Years 45 years of teaching The sangha grows Poisoned food? Final Words to Ananda, disciple and cousin Death /Release at age 80, Relics distributed and venerated The sharing of the relics of the Buddha, Zenyōmitsu-Temple Museum, Tokyo Image Source: By PHG at English Wikipedia - Transferred from en.wikipedia to Commons by Leoboudv using CommonsHelper., Public Domain, accessed 2/12/2016
19 Slide 19 The Three Refuges of the Sangha Also known as the Three Jewels Buddha Dharma Sangha Amaravati Triratna Symbols, currently in the British Museum Image Source: :AmaravatiTriratnaSymbols.jpg, photograph by PGHCOM, 2007, accessed 2/12/2016
20 Slide 20 Part 4: Buddhism Session 1: Origins 1.3 THE FOUR NOBLE TRUTHS
21 Slide 21 Life is Suffering The Four Noble Truths Dukkha Suffering is caused by craving (Tanha) Dukkha samudaya Suffering can cease if we end desire Dukkha nirodha The Eightfold path leading to the cessation of suffering Dukkha nirodha gamini patipada magga
22 Slide Life is Suffering Three Types of Dukkha Physical or Mental Pain Dukkha-dukkha Pain of Change Virparinama-dukkha Pain of Conditioned Things Samkhara-dukkha i.e.; we attach ourselves to impermanent things, mistakenly believing that they are real
23 Slide Life is Suffering The Illusion of Existence Non-Permanence anitya No Permanent Self anātman Permanence is an illusion maya See Farhadian, Charles E. ( ). Introducing World Religions: A Christian Engagement (Kindle Locations ). Baker Publishing Group. Kindle Edition.
24 Slide Life is Suffering Five Aggregate (skandhas) Body (rupa) Feelings (vedana) Perceptions (sanna) Memory (samskara) Consciousness (vijnana) See Farhadian, Charles E. ( ). Introducing World Religions: A Christian Engagement (Kindle Locations ). Baker Publishing Group. Kindle Edition.
25 Slide Suffering is caused by craving (Tanha - a Pali term) Three Poisons of Craving Hate (snake) Greed (rooster/bird) Ignorance (pig) Thikse monastry courtyard, Wheel of life, Bhavacakra Image Source: accessed 2/12/2016
26 Slide Suffering can cease if we end desire Samsara/Karma Nirvana Key Concepts Nirvana (Sanskrit, extinction ; Pali, nibbana) means blowing out, cooling, and perfection, which etymologically comes from the verb root vā = blow out + nir = out. Source: Farhadian, Charles E. ( ). Introducing World Religions: A Christian Engagement (Kindle Locations ). Baker Publishing Group. Kindle Edition.
27 Slide Suffering can cease if we end desire Two Moments of Nirvana nirvana with residues (i.e., the moment of awakening) nirvana without residues (i.e., the moment of death: parinirvana) Source Farhadian, Charles E. ( ). Introducing World Religions: A Christian Engagement (Kindle Locations ). Baker Publishing Group. Kindle Edition.
28 Slide The Eightfold path leading to the cessation of suffering The Eightfold Path 1. Right Understanding 2. Right Intention 3. Right Speech 4. Right Action 5. Right Livelihood 6. Right Effort 7. Right Mindfulness 8. Right Concentration The eight stages can be grouped into Wisdom (right understanding and intention), Ethical Conduct (right speech, action and livelihood) and Meditation (right effort, mindfulness and concentration). Source: accessed 2/12/2016
29 Slide 29 Next Class How does Buddhism develop after Buddha s departure?
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