Hello, AP Scholars! Welcome to AP English Language and Composition.

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1 Mrs. Mary Vargas ~ C05 AP English Language and Composition Summer Read Assignment Toms River High School North Old Freehold Rd. Toms River, NJ mvargas@trschools.com * vargasgooden913@gmail.com * Summer phone: * eboard: mvargas Medicine should be sweet, truth beautiful, and man has had this foolish habit since the days of Adam... though, indeed, perhaps it is all natural, and ought to be so... There are many deceptions and delusions in nature that serve a purpose. ~ Yevgeny Petrovitch Bykovsky, in A. Checkov s Home (1887) Hello, AP Scholars! Welcome to AP English Language and Composition. The AP program is designed as a transition to the college experience. Its purpose is to provide high school students the opportunity to adapt toward the rigors of college with greater support and a slightly slower pace. AP English Language and Composition examines the purposes and methods utilized in non-fiction writing. This year s summer read asks you to think while reading a contemporary book on rhetorical analysis replete with allusions drawn from 20 th and 21 st century examples. Jay Heinrichs s book, Thank You for Arguing: What Aristotle, Lincoln, and Homer Simpson Can Teach Us about the Art of Persuasion, provides an entertaining exploration of communication skills while inviting us to consider choices available to persuade others. I ve attached a list of questions to aid in your journey through the first 18 chapters of the book, then I ask you to devise your own questions. In addition, you will have to complete a list of seventy-five rhetorical terms. There will be a test on these in the first week of school. 1. All must read and respond to the attached study guide for this book: Heinrichs, Jay. Thank You for Arguing: What Aristotle, Lincoln, and Homer Simpson Can Teach Us About the Art of Persuasion. New York: Three Rivers, 2013 (ISBN-13: ) 2. All must define the attached list of rhetorical terms. While the terms are from our textbook, you may get a head start by defining them using Heinrichs s book or sources located on the internet. Due on September 2 nd, 2015 Enjoy the summer! Mrs. Vargas

2 2 The Language of Composition: Reading, Writing, and Rhetoric 2 nd Edition Shea, Scanlon, and Aufses Rhetorical Terms: Please define these terms as best as possible, amending the definitions once you have received your textbook. Chapter 1 ~ AN INTRODUCTION TO RHETORIC: Using the Available Means - Glossary of Rhetorical Terms (pages 36-38). 1. Aristotelian triangle 2. audience 3. concession 4. connotation 5. context 6. counter argument 7. ethos 8. logos 9. occasion 10. pathos 12. polemic 13. propaganda 14. purpose 15. refutation 16. rhetoric 17. rhetorical triangle 18. Rhetorical appeals 19. speaker 20. subject 21. text 11. persona Chapter 2 ~ CLOSE READING: The Art and Craft of Analysis - Glossary of Style Elements (pages 78 80) 22. Alliteration 29. Cumulative sentence 23. Allusion 24. Anaphora 25. Antimetabole 26. Antithesis 27. Archaic diction 28. Asyndeton 30. Hortative sentence 31. Imperative sentence 32. Inversion 33. Juxtaposition 34. Metaphor 35. Oxymoron

3 3 36. Parallelism 37. Periodic sentence 38. Personification 39. Rhetorical question 40. Synecdoche 41. Zeugma Chapter 3 ~ ANALYZING ARGUMENTS: From Reading to Writing - Glossary of Argument Terms and Fallacies (pages ) 42. ad hominen 43. ad populum (bandwagon appeal) 44. appeal to false authority 45. argument 46. assumption 47. backing 48. bandwagon appeal 49. begging the question 50. circular reasoning 51. claim 52. claim of fact 53. claim of policy 54. claim of value 55. classical oration, the a. introduction (exordium) b. narration (narration) c. confirmation (confirmatio) d. refutation (refutation) e. conclusion (peroration) 56. closed thesis 57. deduction 58. either / or (false dilemma) 59. fallacy 61. first-hand evidence 62. induction 63. logical fallacy 64. open thesis 65. post hoc ergo propter hoc 66. qualifier 67. quantitative evidence 68. rebuttal 69. reservation 70. Rogerian arguments 71. Second-hand evidence 72. Strawman 73. Syllogism 74. Toulmin model 75. warrant 60. faulty analogy

4 4 Study Guide/Discussion Questions for Thank You for Arguing Some questions will require you to read the marginal text. These questions have an asterisk beside them. Please answer questions on a separate sheet of paper and file questions and answers in your portfolio in the writing lessons section.. PREFACE 1. How did John Quincy Adams change Jay Heinrichs s life? 2. According to Heinrichs, what is the function of rhetoric beyond its dictionary definition? INTRODUCTION Chapter 1: Open Your Eyes 1. What is the author s purpose? (i.e. What does Jay Heinrichs hope to achieve with the publication of this book?) 2. What is Heinrichs s experiment (challenge to himself)? Discuss how the experiment fails. 3. How does Heinrichs define seduction in terms of rhetorical strategy? 4. Define chiasmus and list two examples from the text. OFFENSE Chapter 2 Set Your Goals: Cicero s Lightbulb 2. What does one do to win a deliberative argument, and what is the best possible outcome? 3. What does it mean to concede? Why does Heinrichs suggest that one practices concession in every argument? 4. What three persuasive steps does Heinrichs outline (using a lightbulb as his audience)?

5 5 Chapter 3 Control the Tense: Orphan Annie s Law 1. Define personal goal. 2. Define audience goals. 3. What are the three core issues (according to Aristotle)? Why is it necessary to properly categorize an argument? 4. Describe the present-tense, past-tense, and future-tense as rhetorical strategies. 5. What is Orphan Annie s Law? 6. What is Argument s Rule Number One? Chapter 4 Soften Them Up: Character, Logic, Emotion 2. What are Aristotle s three most powerful tools of persuasion? 3. Provide one example of each type of persuasion (you may use examples from the chapter, examples from other reading/experience, or original examples). Chapter 5 Get Them to Like You: Eminem s Rules of Decorum 2. Define decorum. 3. How does decorum follow the audience s rules? Give an example from the text. 4. How can doubt be used as a rhetorical device? (The Romans coined this tactic aporia. ) * 5. Describe Heinrichs s decorum. Chapter 6 Make Them Listen: The Lincoln Gambit 2. Name and define the three essential qualities of persuasive ethos according to Aristotle. 3. Define the ethos traits in terms of C3. *

6 6 4. Define and exemplify litotes.* 5. Define tactical flaw. Chapter 7 Use Your Craft: The Belushi Paradigm 2. Define practical wisdom. 3. What are the three tools for getting an audience to trust your decision? 4. Describe the difference between making decisions and enforcing rules. Chapter 8 Show You Care Quintilian s Useful Doubt: 2. Who is Quintilian? 3. Define the reluctant conclusion. 4. Define personal sacrifice. 5. Define dubitatio. Chapter 9 Control the Mood: The Aquinas Maneuver 2. Define pathos. Discuss the evolution of the term pathetic. 3. In what ways is storytelling an effective rhetorical device? 4. Pathos depends on what in addition to storytelling? 5. According to Aristotle who else? what are some emotions that can get an audience out of its seats and make it do what you want? 6. How is desire/lust a rhetorical device? Chapter 10 Turn the Volume Down: The Scientist s Lie 2. What is passive voice, and how is it a rhetorical device?

7 7 3. What is System One? System Two? 4. Define the tools for calming down an audience (passive voice, comfort, humor, backfire) Chapter 11 Gain the High Ground: Aristotle s Favorite Topic 2. What is the advantageous in terms of argument? 3. Define commonplace in terms of argument. 4. Why is it important to use your audience s point of view? Chapter 12 Persuade on Your Terms: What Is Is 2. Name and define the techniques for labeling. 3. Name and define the framing techniques. 4. Define stance and the four techniques it entails. Chapter 13 Control the Argument: Homer Simpson s Canons of Logic 2. What is hyperbole? Give an example. 3. Explain enthymeme. 4. Describe the function of a premise. 5. What is deductive logic and how does it work? 6. What is inductive logic and how does it work? 7. Define paradigm. * Defense Chapter 14 Spot Fallacies

8 8 1) What are the 4 questions that can help you determine if there is a fallacy in an argument? How can you use these in everyday life? 2) What are the 3 identifiers associated with logical fallacies? 3) Explain The False Comparison and create your own example. 4) Explain The Bad Example and create your own example of a hasty generalization. 5) Explain Ignorance of Proof and create an example. 6) Explain the Tautology and create your own example. 7) Explain the following devices and create your own example for each: a. Many Question b. Complex Cause c. False Dilemma d. The Red Herring e. Straw Man f. Slippery Slope Chapter 15 Call a Foul 8) What is the purpose of argument? 9) Explain the Fallacy of Power and create an example. 10) Discuss the foul of Wrong Tense. 11) Explain the foul of The Right Way and create an example. 12) Explain the foul of innuendo and create your own example. 13) Explain the foul of The Threat and create your own example. 14) Exampling the foul of Utter Stupidity and create your own example. Chapter 16 Know Whom to Trust 15) When in an argument, and ethos is used, what is the first thing to look for to determine if the ethos is accurate? How could this be applied to your life?

9 9 16) Explain, define, and give an example of virtue according to Aristotle. 17) Explain the quote from Aristotle on page 179: There s virtue in moderation. Chapter 17 Find the Sweet Spot 18) Explain practical wisdom or phronesis ( ). 19) What is the most important trait of practical wisdom? Why? 20) What are the six steps to evaluating ethos? Advanced Offense Chapter 18 Get Instant Cleverness 21) What are schemes (209)? 22) Define and explain the 3 types of figures. 23) Create your own example of repeated first words. 24) Create your own example of multiple yoking. 25) Create an example of metonymy and synecdoche. 26) Create a chiasmus. 27) Why should one use the simplest figures of thought in a serious argument? 28) Create an example of dialysis or antithesis. 29) Why is epergesis (editing yourself aloud) effective in certain situations? 30) Explain litotes and give an example. 31) Draw a diagram that explains the figure of climax. 32) Explain verbing (219). Chapters 19 to 28 Now it s your turn. Write out questions that represent the key points of the last 10 chapters. Strong questions, used in class, will earn kudos to the writers.