GRADE XI UNIT 8 MIXED CONDITIONAL SENTENCE ( IF CLAUSE )

Transcription

1 YAYASAN WIDYA BHAKTI SEKOLAH MENENGAH ATAS SANTA ANGELA TERAKREDITASI A Jl. Merdeka No. 24 Bandung Fax http//: smaangela@yahoo.co.id 043 URS is member of Registar of Standards (Holding) Ltd. ISO 9001 : 2008 Cert. No /A/0001/UK/En GRADE XI UNIT 8 MIXED CONDITIONAL SENTENCE ( IF CLAUSE ) Compiled by: CATHARINA AWANG WARA KINANTHI, S.PD

2 Standar Kompetensi : Menulis Mengungkapkan makna dalam teks esei berbentuk report, narrative, dan analytical exposition dalam konteks kehidupan sehari-hari Kompetensi Dasar : Mengungkapkan makna dan langkah retorika dalam esei dengan menggunakan ragam bahasa tulis secara akurat, lancar dan berterima dalam konteks kehidupan sehari-hari dalam teks berbentuk: report, narrative, dan analytical exposition. Tujuan Pembelajaran: Siswa dapat: - menggunakan tata bahasa, kosa kata, tanda baca, ejaan, dan tata tulis dengan akurat - menulis gagasan utama - Membuat kalimat-kalimat dengan menggunakan mixed conditionals' Pendidikan Nilai Serviam: - Kegigihan : Melalui pembelajaran tentang Conditional Sentence (Mixed Conditional) peserta didik mampu untuk menyelesaikan latihan dengan gigih. - Kejujuran : Melalui pembelajaran tentang (Mixed Conditional) peserta didik mampu untuk menyelesaikan latihan dan test dengan jujur. Peta Konsep Conditional Sentence Conditional Sentence type 1,2,3, zero Mixed Conditional

3 What is conditional sentence? Conditional Sentences are also known as Conditional Clauses or If Clauses. They are used to express that the action in the main clause (without if) can only take place if a certain condition (in the clause with if) is fulfilled. There are some types of conditional sentence. Those are: 1. Zero type Conditional We can make a zero conditional sentence with two present simple verbs (one in the 'if clause' and one in the 'main clause'): If + [ present simple ],... present simple. Examples: - If water reaches 100 degrees, it boils. - If people eat too much, they get fat. - If you touch a fire, you get burned. 2. Conditional Type 1 sentences are used when it is likely that the condition will be fulfilled. "if" +[ Simple Present ], "will" + [Verb] Examples - If it rains, I won't go to the park. - If I study today, I'll go to the party tonight. - If I have enough money, I'll buy some new shoes 3. Conditional Sentence Type 2 Type 2 sentences are used when it is unlikely that the condition will be fulfilled. "if" + [Simple past], "would" + [Verb] Examples: - If I won the lottery, I would buy a big house.(i probably won't win the lottery) - If I met the Queen of England, I would say hello. - She would travel all over the world if she were rich.

4 4. Conditional Sentence Type 3 Type 3 sentences are used when it is impossible for condition to be fulfilled because the possibility has already passed. "if" + [Past Perfect], "would have" + [Past Participle] Examples - If she had studied, she would have passed the exam (but, really we know she didn't study and so she didn't pass) - If I hadn't eaten so much, I wouldn't have felt sick (but I did eat a lot, and so I did feel sick). - If we had taken a taxi, we wouldn't have missed the plane REVIEW ON CONDITIONAL SENTENCE A. Put the correct Conditional Sentence! (Conditional Sentence type Zero, 1, 2, 3) 1) (I / wake up late / I / be late for work) 2) (my husband / cook / he / burn the food) 3) (Julie / not wear a hat / she / get sunstroke) 4) If I (go) out tonight, I (go) to the cinema. 5) If you (get) back late, I (be) angry. 6) If we (not / see) each other tomorrow, we (see) each other next week. 7) If I (be) you, I (get) a new job. 8) If he (be) younger, he (travel) more. 9) If we (not / be) friends, I (be) angry with you. 10) If you (not / be) late, we (not / miss) the bus.

5 11) If she (study), she (pass) the exam. 12) If we (arrive) earlier, we (see) John. 5. Mixed Conditional Mixed conditionals are those unreal conditional sentences whose time in the if-clause is different than the time in the main-clause. A. PRESENT RESULT OF A PAST CONDITION FORM In this type of mixed conditional sentence, the tense in the 'if' clause is the past perfect, and the tense in the main clause is the present conditional. If clause (condition) If + past perfect If this thing had happened Main clause (result) present conditional that thing would happen. Examples: If I had studied I would have my driving license. (but I didn't study and now I don't have my license) I would be a millionaire now if I had taken that job. (but I didn't take the job and I'm not a millionaire) If you had spent all your money, you wouldn't buy this jacket. (but you didn't spend all your money and now you can buy this jacket) If you had crashed the car, you might be in trouble. B. PAST RESULT OF PRESENT OR CONTINUING CONDITION In this second type of mixed conditional sentence, the tense in the 'if' clause is the simple past, and the tense in the main clause is the perfect conditional. If clause (condition) If + simple past If this thing happened Main clause (result) perfect conditional that thing would have happened.

6 Examples: If she wasn't afraid of flying she wouldn't have travelled by boat. I'd have been able to translate the letter if my Italian was better. If I was a good cook, I'd have invited them to lunch. If the elephant wasn't in love with the mouse, she'd have trodden on him by now. TRUE CONDITIONAL TRUE CONDITIONAL working at a bank. : It is raining right now, so I will not go for a walk : If it were not raining right now, I would go for a walk. : I was not living in Jakarta last year. I was not working at a bank. : If I had been living in Jakarta last year, I would have been EXERCISE 1. She will be taking care of the children for us next weekend because her business trip was cancelled. But, she (take, not) would not be taking care of the children for us next weekend if her business trip (be, not) had not been cancelled. 2. Tom is not going to come to dinner tomorrow because you insulted him yesterday. But, he (come) if you (insult) him. 3. Marie is unhappy because she gave up her career when she got married. But, Marie (be) happy if she (give, not) up her career when she got married. 4. Dr. Mercer decided not to accept the research grant at Harvard because he is going to take six months off to spend more time with his family. But, Dr. Mercer (accept) the research grant at Harvard if he (take, not) six months off to spend more time with his family. 5. Professor Schmitz talked so much about the Maasai tribe because she is an expert on African tribal groups. But, Professor Schmitz (talk, not) so much about the Maasai tribe if she (be, not) an expert on African tribal groups.

7 OMITTING IF a) Were I you, I wouldn t do that b) Had I known, I would have told you. With were and had (past perfect), sometimes if is omitted and the subject and verb are inverted. In (a): Were I you = If I were you. In (b): Had I known = If I had known If can be replaced by words or expressions with a similar meaning. The most common are: as long as assuming (that) on condition (that) on the assumption (that) provided (that) supposing (that) unless with the condition (that) EXERCISE A. Choose the correct answer 1. If I you, I would apologize to her right away. (to be) a) was b) were c) have been If I run into her, I her that you're looking for her. (to tell) a) would tell b) tell c) will tell If you that again, I will call the police. (to do) a) to do b) do c) will do He would never have asked her out on a date if she him first. (to kiss) a) hadn't kissed b) didn't kiss c) will not kiss If you were her, what? (to do) a) would you do b) did you do c) do you do If she hadn't gone to England, she Orlando Bloom. (to meet) a) would not meet b) did not meet c) would not have met If it doesn't start snowing, we this evening. (to go skiing) a) won't go skiing b) wouldn't go skiing c) don't go skiing

8 8. 8. If you had saved some money earlier, you broke right now. (to be) a) would not have been b) will not be c) are not If I at the airport so late, I would not have missed my flight. (to arrive) a) didn't arrive b) hadn't arrived c) would not arrive If you buy one t-shirt, you the second one free (to get). a) will have gotten b) would get c) get 11. Michael is a banker and he enjoys his work very much. However, if he back to college next year he a teacher so he could help children more. a. goes... will become b. went... would become c. had gone... would have become 12. Harry is a serious criminal. If he one more crime he to jail. a. commits... will be sent b. committed... would be sent c. had committed... would have been sent 13. There is a lot of evidence against your client. If she to the crime I sure that her sentence is lenient. a. admits... will make b. admitted... would make c. had admitted... would have made 14. I am sure she didn't do it, so if my client to the crime she lying. a. admits... will be b. admitted... would be c. had admitted... would have been 15. It is her decisions, so I her if she to accept your offer. a. will ask... wants b. would ask... wanted c. would have asked... had wanted 16. If the police the murder weapon she put in prison last year. a. find... will be b. found... would be c. had found... would have been 17. If they to arrest until last month she the country. a. wait... will leave b. waited... would leave c. had waited... would have left 18. When the jury into the courtroom they straight at the accused. a. comes... will look b. came... would look c. had come... would have looked

9 19. I believe that mankind is generally honest. Most people the truth if they to do so. a. will tell... swear b. would tell... swore c. would have told... had sworn 20. I know it's not likely, but if she her plea to guilty she less than five years in prison. a. changes... will get b. changed... would get c. had changed... would have gotten B. Give sentences with the same meaning by omitting if from the conditional sentences. 1. The other team committed a foul, but the referee didn t see it. If the referee had seen it, our team would have won the game. Had the referee seen it, our team would have won the game. 2. Your boss sounds like a real tyrant. If I were you, I would look for another job. 3. The factory was on the verge of bankruptcy. If it had gone out of business, hundreds of people would have lost their livelihood. 4. We would have won the game if Thompson had caught the ball. 5. If Thompson had not dropped the ball, we would have won the game 6. The artists and creative thinkers throughout the history of the world have changed all our lives. If they had not dared to be different, the history of civilization would have to be rewritten C. Create Your Own Finish the sentences with a clause in the correct conditional 1) If it is sunny tomorrow 2) If you sit in the sun too long

10 3) If I were you 4) If I were the Prime Minister 5) If she had studied harder 6) If I won the lottery 7) If I hadn t gone to bed so late 8) If I hadn t come to London 9) If you mix water and electricity 10) If she hadn t stayed at home 11) If I go out tonight 12) If I were on holiday today 13) If I had listened to my mother 14) If I hadn t eaten so much 15) If it rains later 16) If I were British 17) If I were the opposite sex 18) If I have enough money 19) If you don t wear a coat in the winter 20) If I weren t studying English

11 GLOSSARY Word Clause /klɔːz/ /klɑːz/ noun [ C ] Definition a group of words, consisting of a subject and a finite form of a verb (= the form that shows the tense and subject of the verb) which might or might not be a sentence REFERENCES Azar, B.S Understanding and using English Grammar. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc. Puchta, et al English in mind. 5th ed. Cambridge: University press Retrieved on: 6 March, Retrieved on: 6 March, Retrieved on: 13 March, 2