Contemporary moral issues

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1 Spring 2016 Philosophy 221 Contemporary moral issues Course packet Dr. Eric Carter North Carolina State University

2 Contents I Ethical thought in the seventies: Abortion, social justice, and euthanasia 1 1 A defense of abortion Judith Jarvis Thomson 3 2 A theory of justice John Rawls 25 3 Famine, influence, and abortion Peter Singer 49 4 Active and passive euthanasia James Rachels 65 5 The morality and rationality of suicide Richard Brandt 69 6 Active and passive euthanasia: An impertinent distinction Thomas D. Sullivan 79 II Studies in normative ethics: Virtue, goodwill, and utility 87 7 Euthyphro Plato 89 8 What is a moral theory? Mark Timmons 99 9 Nichomachean ethics Aristotle Of duties to the body, with regard to life and of suicide Immanuel Kant Groundwork to the metaphysicsof morals Immanuel Kant 137 vi

3 Contents vii 12 Utilitarianism John Stuart Mill The challenge of cultural relativism James Rachels Coping with many moral theories Mark Timmons 185 III Contemporary ethical thought: Abortion, social justice, and euthanasia More impertinent distinctions James Rachels The moral perplexities of famine and world poverty Onora O Neill A Kantian argument against abortion Harry Gensler Abortion Sumner Property and hunger Amartya Sen Why abortion is immoral Donald Marquis Virtue theory and abortion Rosiland Hursthouse Abortion, intimacy, and the duty to gestate Margaret Little 287 Bibliography 297

4

5 Bibliography Aristotle (1984). The Complete Works of Aristotle: The Revised Oxford Translation. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press. Brandt, R. B. (1975). The morality and rationality of suicide. In S. Perlin (Ed.), A Handbook for the Study of Suicide, Oxford, pp Oxford University Press. Gensler, H. J. (1986, January). A kantian argument against abortion. Philosophical Studies 49(1), Hursthouse, R. (1991, Summer). Virtue theory and abortion. Philosophy and Public Affairs 20(3), Kant, I. (1784/2001). Of duties to the body, with regard to life. In P. Heath and J. B. Schneewind (Eds.), Lectures on Ethics, Cambridge, pp Cambridge University Press. Kant, I. (1840/1993). Grounding for the metaphysics of morals; On a supposed right to lie because of philanthropic concerns (Third ed.). Indianapolis, IN: Hackett Publishing Company. Little, M. O. (1999). Abortion, intimacy, and the duty to gestate. Ethical Theory and Moral Practice 2, Marquis, D. (1989, April). Why abortion is immoral. The Journal of Philosophy 86(4), Mill, J. S. (1863/1961). Utilitarianism. Indianapolis, IN: Hackett Publishing Company. O Neill, O. (1986). The moral perplexities of famine and world hunger, pp New York: Random House. Plato (1997). Euthyphro. In J. M. Cooper (Ed.), Plato: Complete Works, Indianapolis, pp Hackett Publishing Company. Tranlated by Grube, G. M. A. Rachels, J. (1975). Active and passive euthanasia. The New England Journal of Medicine 292(2), Rachels, J. (1981). More impertinent distinctions. In T. A. Mappes and J. S. Zembaty (Eds.), Biomedical Ethics, New York, pp McGraw-Hill Book Company. Rachels, J. and S. Rachels (2010). The Elements of Moral Philosophy (Sixth ed.). New York: McGraw- Hill Higher Education. Rawls, J. (1971). A theory of justice. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Sen, A. (1988). Property and hunger. 4, Singer, P. (1972, Spring). Famine, affluence, and morality. Philosophy Public Affairs 1(3),

6 298 Bibliography Sullivan, T. D. (1977). Active and passive euthanasia: an impertinent distinction? The Human Life Review III(3), Sumner, L. W. (1987). Abortion. In D. VanDeVeer and T. Regan (Eds.), Health care ethics, Philadelphia, pp Temple university press. Thomson, J. J. (1971). A defense of abortion. Philosophy and Public Affairs 1(1), Timmons, M. (2007). A moral theory primer. In M. Timmons (Ed.), Disputed Issues: A Reader, Oxford, pp Oxford University Press.

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