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1 Por favor, recuerde que cada acierto sumará 0,17 puntos a la calificación del examen y cada tres errores penalizarán el resultado (tres errores anulan un acierto). Part 1: MULTIPLE CHOICE TEXT You are going to read an extract from a letter by British PM, Theresa May, to European President, Donald Tusk. For questions 1-10, choose one (and only one) answer. Questions may or may not follow a sequential order. The Prime Minister 29 March 2017 Dear President Tusk, A. On 23 June last year, the people of the United Kingdom voted to leave the European Union. As I have said before, that decision was no rejection of the values we share as fellow Europeans. Nor was it an attempt to do harm to the European Union or any of the remaining member states. On the contrary, the United Kingdom wants the European Union to succeed and prosper. Instead, the referendum was a vote to restore, as we see it, our national self-determination. We are leaving the European Union, but we are not leaving Europe and we want to remain committed partners and allies to our friends across the continent. B. Earlier this month, the United Kingdom Parliament confirmed the result of the referendum by voting with clear and convincing majorities in both of its Houses for the European Union (Notification of Withdrawal) Bill. The Bill was passed by Parliament on 13 March and it received Royal Assent from Her Majesty The Queen and became an Act of Parliament on 16 March. C. Today, therefore, I am writing to give effect to the democratic decision of the people of the United Kingdom. I hereby notify the European Council in accordance with Article 50(2) of the Treaty on European Union of the United Kingdom s intention to withdraw from the European Union. In addition, in accordance with the same Article 50(2) as applied by Article 106a of the Treaty Establishing the European Atomic Energy Community, I hereby notify the European Council of the United Kingdom s intention to withdraw from the European Atomic Energy Community. References in this letter to the European Union should therefore be taken to include a reference to the European Atomic Energy Community. D. This letter sets out the approach of Her Majesty s Government to the discussions we will have about the United Kingdom s departure from the European Union and about the deep and special partnership we hope to enjoy as your closest friend and neighbour with the European Union once we leave. We believe that these objectives

2 are in the interests not only of the United Kingdom but of the European Union and the wider world too. E. It is in the best interests of both the United Kingdom and the European Union that we should use the forthcoming process to deliver these objectives in a fair and orderly manner, and with as little disruption as possible on each side. We want to make sure that Europe remains strong and prosperous and is capable of projecting its values, leading in the world, and defending itself from security threats. We want the United Kingdom, through a new deep and special partnership with a strong European Union, to play its full part in achieving these goals. We therefore believe it is necessary to agree the terms of our future partnership alongside those of our withdrawal from the European Union. F. The Government wants to approach our discussions with ambition, giving citizens and businesses in the United Kingdom and the European Union and indeed from third countries around the world as much certainty as possible, as early as possible. G. I would like to propose some principles that may help to shape our coming discussions, but before I do so, I should update you on the process we will be undertaking at home, in the United Kingdom. The process in the United Kingdom H. As I have announced already, the Government will bring forward legislation that will repeal the Act of Parliament the European Communities Act 1972 that gives effect to EU law in our country. This legislation will, wherever practical and appropriate, in effect convert the body of existing European Union law (the acquis ) into UK law. This means there will be certainty for UK citizens and for anybody from the European Union who does business in the United Kingdom. The Government will consult on how we design and implement this legislation, and we will publish a White Paper tomorrow. We also intend to bring forward several other pieces of legislation that address specific issues relating to our departure from the European Union, also with a view to ensuring continuity and certainty, in particular for businesses. We will of course continue to fulfil our responsibilities as a member state while we remain a member of the European Union, and the legislation we propose will not come into effect until we leave. I. From the start and throughout the discussions, we will negotiate as one United Kingdom, taking due account of the specific interests of every nation and region of the UK as we do so. When it comes to the return of powers back to the United Kingdom, we will consult fully on which powers should reside in Westminster and which should be devolved to Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. But it is the expectation of the Government that the outcome of this process will be a significant increase in the decision-making power of each devolved administration. 1. Which statement is NOT true?

3 A. Brexit was voted last 29 March. B. Brexit was voted a few months before the letter. C. The UK shares values with the EU in words of the PM. 2. EU s prosperity in the words of PM May A. is linked to the UK remaining within the EU. B. is linked to the UK leaving the EU. C. is not linked to this withdrawal process at all. 3. When was the referendum result sanctioned? A. In March. B. In June. C. Is yet to be sanctioned. 4. The UK wishes to inform A. about its intention to stay within the European Atomic Energy Community. B. also leave the European Atomic Energy Community. C. send a letter to join the European Atomic Energy Community 5. Theresa May s letter A. does not mention a negotiation process. B. explicitly states the beginning of a negotiation process. C. Enquires about the moment to start a negotiation process. 6. A negotiated exit is convenient A. especially for the UK in words of the PM. B. especially for the EU in words of the PM. C. for everyone involved in words of the PM. 7. Fruitful discussions are expected to A. provide uncertainty. B. provide reliability for the region. C. end for certain in March. 8. The White Paper will A. be a promotional document stating the UK s determination to withdraw. B. address the roadmap for the UK and people doing business there. C. is yet to be drafted. 9. Several pieces of legislation that address issues relating to the UK s departure from the EU A. will be drafted. B. will be ignored in order to favour business arbitration. C. will soon be revoked.

4 10. How will negotiations be handled from the British perspective? A. Negotiations will be carried out in a joint manner. B. England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland will carry out independent negotiations. C. The four countries within the United Kingdom will decide whether to carry out Brexit negotiations with the EU independently or in a joint manner.

5 Part 2: LEXICAL CLOZE For questions 11-19, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, or C) best fits the gap. Tyrannosaurus rex was a sensitive lover, scientists find by Helena Horton Telegraph, 30 March 2017 It just goes to show that you can't tell everything by (11). Despite its fearsome teeth and cumbersome body the T. rex was a sensitive lover, according to a new study. The carnivorous dinosaur had a sensitive side - namely its nose, which was as sensitive as human fingertips. In contrast with its 9-inch-long teeth and 20-foot height, the dinosaur had a nose which yearned to be (12). As well as using its tactile nose to investigate surroundings, build nests and carefully pick up fragile eggs, the T. rex also enjoyed rubbing its sensitive face against that of a mate. The US researchers wrote in the journal Scientific Reports: "In (13), tyrannosaurids might have rubbed their sensitive faces together as a vital part of pre-copulatory play." This new T. rex (14) has been aided by the discovery of a new member of the tyrannosaur family called Daspletosaurus horneri (Horner's frightful lizard) in Montana, US. These dinosaurs lived before the T. rex, around 74 million years ago and were a lot smaller, with a body length of 23ft (7 metres). (15) of this lizard were unusually preserved and their face contained the most stunning of discoveries. Scientists now (16) the dinosaur and other tyrannosaurs including T. rex wore a mask of large, flat scales, with regions of tough and protective amour-like skin around the snout and jaws. They found the hard surface of the snout had many "foramina" - small nerve openings. These turned the dinosaur's face into an incredibly sensitive "third (17)". A similar arrangement is seen today in crocodiles and alligators, which have thousands of tiny sensitive bumps called integumentary sensory organs around their jaws. Lead scientist Dr Thomas Carr, from Carthage College in Wisconsin, said: "Given that the foramina are identical in tyrannosaurs indicates that they had super-sensitive skin as well." The trigeminal nerve plays a special sensory role in many (18), reptiles and birds, carrying sensory signals from whiskers and electrical receptors and enabling the pit viper to home in on infrared radiation from warm-blooded prey. Crocodiles sense both touch and (19) in water via the trigeminal nerve, and migrating birds use it to detect magnetic fields. Co-author Prof Jayc Sedlmayr, from Louisiana State University, said: "Our finding of a complex sensory web is especially interesting because it is derived from the trigeminal nerve which has an extraordinary evolutionary history of developing into wildly different 'sixth senses' in different vertebrates."

6 11. A smell B size C sense 12. A touched B hit C found 13. A courtyard B courtship C shipment 14. A skeleton B theory C site 15. A nostrils B pictures C fossils 16. A believe B correct C create 17. A foot B hand C mouth 18. A bacteria B mammals C molluscs 19. A memories B color C vibrations Part 3: WORD FORMATION CLOZE Fill the gaps in the text with the most suitable answer (A, B, or C). Extract from What Is the Internet of Things? by Chris Neiger The Motley Fool, 18 March 2017 Defining the Internet of Things (IoT) can be simplified down to the (20) of everyday things -- like homes, industrial equipment, watches, etc. -- to the internet, for the purpose of collecting data, (21) usage, and automating systems. While it encompasses many technological devices, it's important to (22) that the Internet of Things spans across all major sectors. The amount of connected IoT objects will reach 50 billion by 2020 and will be worth $7.1 trillion by that same year. Now that you know a little more about what the IoT is, let's take a look at how companies are using the IoT right now, and a few IoT examples you might not know about. You've probably already seen the IoT in action. If you've ever seen an Apple Watch or an internet-(23) Fitbit fitness tracker, then you're familiar with the Internet of Things. These devices fall into the broader (24) technology market and they're what many people think of when they think of the IoT. Or perhaps you've heard of a Nest programmable thermostat. Alphabet owns Nest, which makes internet-connected thermostats that you can control via a smartphone or tablet, and learns your heating and (25) preferences the more you use it. Both Alphabet and Amazon are also pushing the Internet of Things into homes with their smart home hubs, like Google Home and the Amazon Echo. Both devices use virtual (26) to answer questions, order things online, or connect to door locks, lights,

7 and home security systems. Connected homes are a major part of the consumer side of the IoT, and will bring in $14 billion in revenue this year in the U.S. Smartwatches, internet-connected fitness trackers, and smart home connections are just a few examples of how companies are investing in the IoT. Here's what you might not know. While much of the IoT may seem like it's focused on consumer devices, most of the growth with come from the enterprise market. Research from BI Intelligence shows that enterprise devices will account for 40% of all 23.3 billion IoT devices by A connect B connection C connector 21. A tracker B tracked C tracking 22. A remember B reminder C memory 23. A connection B connected C connector 24. A worn B worn out C wearable 25. A cool B cooling C cooler 26. A assist B assisted C assistants 27. A grew B growth C grown Part 4: GAPPED TEXT You are going to read an extract from which 3 paragraphs have been removed. Choose from A-C the one which fits each gap (28-30). Extract from A Christmas Carol by Charles Dickens Once upon a time of all the good days in the year, on Christmas Eve old Scrooge sat busy in his counting-house. It was cold, bleak, biting weather: foggy withal: and he could hear the people in the court outside, go wheezing up and down, beating their hands upon their breasts, and stamping their feet upon the pavement stones to warm them. The city clocks had only just gone three, but it was quite dark already it had not been light all day and candles were flaring in the windows of the neighbouring offices, like ruddy smears upon the palpable brown air. The fog came pouring in at every chink and keyhole, and was so dense without, that although the court was of the narrowest, the houses opposite were mere phantoms. To see the dingy cloud come drooping down, obscuring everything, one might have thought that Nature lived hard by, and was brewing on a large scale. 28. A B C

8 A merry Christmas, uncle! God save you! cried a cheerful voice. It was the voice of Scrooge s nephew, who came upon him so quickly that this was the first intimation he had of his approach. Bah! said Scrooge, Humbug! 29. A B C Christmas a humbug, uncle! said Scrooge s nephew. You don t mean that, I am sure? 30. A B C Come, then, returned the nephew gaily. What right have you to be dismal? What reason have you to be morose? You re rich enough. Scrooge having no better answer ready on the spur of the moment, said, Bah! again; and followed it up with Humbug. Don t be cross, uncle! said the nephew. A I do, said Scrooge. Merry Christmas! What right have you to be merry? What reason have you to be merry? You re poor enough. B He had so heated himself with rapid walking in the fog and frost, this nephew of Scrooge s, that he was all in a glow; his face was ruddy and handsome; his eyes sparkled, and his breath smoked again. C The door of Scrooge s counting-house was open that he might keep his eye upon his clerk, who in a dismal little cell beyond, a sort of tank, was copying letters. Scrooge had a very small fire, but the clerk s fire was so very much smaller that it looked like one coal. But he couldn t replenish it, for Scrooge kept the coal-box in his own room; and so surely as the clerk came in with the shovel, the master predicted that it would be necessary for them to part. Wherefore the clerk put on his white comforter, and tried to warm himself at the candle; in which effort, not being a man of a strong imagination, he failed.