Generation XXXIII Ane nr /

Transcription

1 Indholdsfortegnelse Side Kort overblik 2 Willem I/III Van Poitou og Adele Van Normandië 4 Kildemateriale 12 Fortsættes på side 1 Ebalus II Van Poitiers & Emiliane Van Engeland Rollo Rob. Normannen & Poppa Van Bayeux Ane nr / / Willem I/III Van Poitou & Adele Van Normandië / Adele Van Poitou Hedwig Van Frankrijk Beatrix V. Henegouwen Alijdis Van Roucy Ada Van Ramerupt Ida Van Ath Eva Van Chievres Raas III Van Gavere Raas IV Van Gavere Raas V Van Gavere Joannes van Gavere Eksaerde Wilhelmus Van Gavere Eksaarde Willem Van Gavere Kathelijne Van Gavere - Haasdonk Katelijne Hutzers - Haasdonk Willem Scoemaekers Petrus Scoemaekers Petrus Scoemaekers Livine Scoemakere Margriete V. Couteren Sint-Niklaas Dierik Ver Braecken Sint-Niklaas 6718 Johanna Ver Braken Sint-Niklaas 3359 Catharina De Maere Tielrode 1679 Amelberga Vernimmen - Thielrode 839 Marie Anne Smedt - Thielrode 419 Anne Petron. Everaert Thielrode 209 Robert Van Landeghem Thielrode 104 Bruno Van Landeghem Thielrode 52 Julien Van Landeghem Thielrode 26 Christ. V. Landeghem Boom 13 Emiel Jan Person Antwerpen 6 Louisa Augusta Person Åbyhøj 3 Grete A./Emil H. Sørensen - Lind/Værløse 1 aner\ /nov.2012 Side 0

2 Ane nr. Nominoë Van Bretagne og? / Ane nr. Erispoë Van Bretagne Ranulf I Van Poitou og Blichilde Van Maine / ? Van Bretagne Ranulf II Van Aquitanië ? Van Rennes Fortsat fra side 0 aner\ /nov.2012 Side 1

3 WILLEMI/III VAN POITOU & ADELE VAN NORMANDIË Willem I/III Van Poitou er født omkring 910 som søn af Ebalus II Van Poitiers og Emiliane Van Engeland. Hans fødested er det endnu ikke lykkedes at opspore. Adele Van Normandië er født i 920 som datter af Rollo Robert Der Normannen og Poppa Van Bayeux. Hendes fødested er det endnu ikke lykkedes at opspore. Willem I/III Van Poitou og Adele Van Normandië får 3 børn. Willem I/III dør i 963. aner\ /nov.2012 Side 2

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5 Willem I/III Van Poitou og Adele Van Normandië Willem I/III Van Poitou og Adele Van Normandië bliver gift omkring 940. De får følgende børn: , ca. - Willem II (IV) van Aquitanie , ca. - Adelheid van Aquitanie Poitou , ca. - Irmingard NN (van Poitiers?) Willem I/III Van Poitou er i en årrække hertug af Aquitanië og greve af Poitou. Aquitanië Poitou Datteren Adele Van Poitou (ane nr ) gifter sig med Hugo I Capet (ane nr.2. De får følgende børn: Hedwig -, Robert II - og Gisela Van Frankrijk. Willem I/III Van Poitou dør den aner\ /nov.2012 Side 4

6 Willem I/III Van Poitou s forældre (ane nr / ): Ebalus II Van Poitiers og Emiliane Van Engeland Ebalus II Van Poitiers er født i Poitiers omkring 880 som søn af Ranulf II Van Aquitanië og Adelaide Van Frankrijk. Emiliane Van Engeland s forældre, fødselsår og fødested er det endnu ikke lykkedes at opspore. Ebalus II Van Poitiers og Emiliane Van Engeland får følgende børn: Willem I/III og Ebalus Van Poitou. Ebalus II Van Poitiers er i en årrække greve af Aquitanië og Poitou. Ebalus II dør omkring 935. aner\ /nov.2012 Side 5

7 Adele Van Normandië s forældre (ane nr / ): Rollo Robert Der Normannen og Poppa Van Bayeux Rollo Robert Der Normannen er født omkring 870. Hans fødested og forældre er det endnu ikke lykkedes at opspore. Poppa Van Bayeux er født omkring 890 som datter af Berengarius Van Bayeux og? Van Rennes. Hendes fødested er det endnu ikke lykkedes at opspore. Rollo Robert Der Normannen og Poppa Van Bayeux får følgende børn: Adele og Wilhelm I (ane nr ) Van Normandië. Rollo dør i 931. aner\ /nov.2012 Side 6

8 Rollo af Normandiet s sarkofag Statue af Rollo i Rouen Ebalus II Van Poitiers es forældre (ane nr / ): Ranulf II van Aquitanië og Adelaide van Frankrijk Ranulf II van Aquitanië er født omkring 860 som søn af Ranulf I van Poitou og Blichilde van Maine. Hans fødested er det endnu ikke lykkedes at opspore. Adelaide van Frankrijk er født omkring 850. Hendes fødested og forældre er det endnu ikke lykkedes at opspore. Ranulf II van Aquitanië og Adelaide van Frankrijk får 1 søn: Ebalus II Van Poitiers. Ranulf II van Aquitanië er i en årrække greve af Poitou og konge af Aquitanië. Ranulf II dør i 890. aner\ /nov.2012 Side 7

9 Poppa Van Bayeux s forældre (ane nr / ): Berengarius van Bayeux og? van Rennes Berengarius van Bayeux er født omkring 850. Hans fødested og forældre er det endnu ikke lykkedes at opspore.? van Rennes er er født omkring 860 som datter af Gurrand van Rennes og? van Bretagne. Hendes fødested er det endnu ikke lykkedes at opspore. Berengarius van Bayeux og? van Rennes får følgende børn: Poppa Van Bayeux og Wilhelm I Van normandië. Berengarius van Bayeux er i en årrække greve af Bayeux. Berengarius dør før 931. aner\ /nov.2012 Side 8

10 Ranulf II Van Aquitanië s forældre (ane nr / ): Se ane nr / ? Van Rennes es forældre (ane nr / ): Gurrand Van Rennes og? Van Bretagne Gurrand Van Rennes er født omkring 830. Hans fødested og forældre er det endnu ikke lykkedes at opspore.? Van Bretagne er er født omkring 830 som datter af Erispoë Van Bretagne og Marmohec Van?. Hendes fødested er det endnu ikke lykkedes at opspore. Gurrand Van Rennes og? Van Bretagne får følgende børn:? Van Rennes og Judicaël Van Rennes. Gurrand Van Rennes er i en årrække greve af Bretagne. aner\ /nov.2012 Side 9

11 ? Van Bretage s forældre (ane nr / ): Erispoë Van Bretagne og Marmohec Van? Erispoë Van Bretagne er født omkring 800 som søn af Nominoë Van Bretagne. Hans fødested er det endnu ikke lykkedes at opspore. Marmohec Van? er er født omkring 800. Hendes fødested og forældre er det endnu ikke lykkedes at opspore. Erispoë Van Bretagne og Marmohec Van? får følgende børn: (datter) Van Bretagne, (datter) og Conan Van Bretagne. Erispoë Van Bretagne er i en årrække greve af Bretagne. aner\ /nov.2012 Side 10

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13 Kildemateriale for ane nr / Kildemateriale 1: Herweijer/Familien Willem I/III Generatie XXIV WILLEM I/III VAN POITOU (VAN AQUITANIë), geboren ca. 915, overleden op Als Willem III was hij hertog van Aquitanië, als Willem I graaf van Poitou. Zoon van EBALUS (zie ) en EMILIANE (zie ) ADELE VAN NORMANDIë, overleden na , dochter van ROLLO (zie ) en POPPA VAN BAYEUX Datteren Adele: Generatie XXIII HUGO I CAPET, huwelijk met Adele ca. 968, geboren ca. 941, overleden op te Melun, zoon van HUGO DE GROTE (zie ) en HADEWIG (van Saksen) (zie ) ADELE VAN POITOU, geboren ca. 945/50, overleden 1006, dochter van WILLEM I/III VAN POITOU (VAN AQUITANIë) (zie ) en ADELE VAN NORMANDIë (zie ). Kildemateriale 2: Wissenburg/Familien Willem I/III Willem III van AQUITANIË Familienaam Index Vader Moeder Tevens Geboren Poitiers ca. 929 Overleden Ook als Willem I aangeduid. Huwt Adelaide van NORMANDIË Familienaam Index Vader Moeder Tevens Geboren Normandie 897 Overleden na Ook geschreven als Adela of Gerloc. Kinderen Willem IV Zie Adelaide Zie aner\ /nov.2012 Side 12

14 Kildemateriale 3: Van-den-Hout/Familien Willem I/III Willem I (III) hertog van Aquitanie Geslacht: Man Geboren: Ca 915 Overleden: 3 Apr 963 Vader: Ebalus II Manzer (onecht kind) van Aquitanie Moeder: Emiliane van Engeland Huwelijk: Adela (Gerloc) van Normandie Geslacht: Vrouw Geboren: Ca 900 Overleden: 14 Okt 962 Adela (Gerloc) van Normandie Geslacht: Vrouw Geboren: Ca 900 Overleden: 14 Okt 962 Vader: Rollo Robert der Noormannen Moeder: Poppa van Bayeux Huwelijk: Willem I(III) hertog van Aquitanie Geslacht: Man Geboren: Ca 915 Overleden: 3 Apr 963 Vader Ebalus II Manzer (onecht kind) van Aquitanie Moeder: Emiliane van Engeland Kind(eren): Adelheid van Aquitanie Poitou Geslacht: Vrouw Geboren: Ca 950 Overleden: 15 Jun 1006 Huwelijk: Ca 968 Hugo Capet koning van Frankrijk Irmingard NN (van Poitiers?) Geslacht: Vrouw Geboren: Ca 956 Overleden: Ca 995 Huwelijk Ca 984 Giselbert graaf van Roucy Willem II (IV) van Aquitanie Geslacht: Man Geboren Ca 937 Overleden: Ca 995 Huwelijk: Ca 968 Emma van Blois aner\ /nov.2012 Side 13

15 Kildemateriale 4: Voort/Familien Willem I/III of Aquitaine (Poitou, Poitiers) Child of Ebles Manzer of Aquitaine ( ) and Emilienne? (890-?) Guillaume III of Poitiers, Duke of Aquitaine * 915 x Adèle of Normandy (935) (Saint-Maixent) Children of Guillaume III of Poitiers, Duke of Aquitaine ( ) and Adèle of Normandy (910-after 969): Guillaume IV "Iron Arm" of Poitiers, Duke of Aquitaine * 937 x Emma of Blois (968) + (Saint-Maixent) Adélaïde of Poitou (of Aquitaine) * 950 x Hugues Capet, King of France (970) For her descendants see the page on the "Capet" Kings of France? of Aquitaine * 950? x Giselbert, Count of Roucy and Reims (972) +? For her descendants see the page on the Counts of Roucy Child of Guillaume IV "Iron Arm" of Poitiers, Duke of Aquitaine ( ) and Emma of Blois (950-after 1003): Guillaume V "The Great" of Poitiers, Duke of Aquitaine * 969? x Agnès of Bourgogne-Comté (Ivrea) (1018) (Maillezais) aner\ /nov.2012 Side 14

16 Kildemateriale 5: Kareldegrote/Familien Willem I/III Karel De Grote = Første generation. 7. Generation: 174. Willem I(Iii) Van Poitou Van Aquitanië was born about 915 and died on 3 Apr 963 about age 48. Noted events in his life were: Occupation: Hertog van Aquitanië. Willem married Adela Van Normandië, daughter of Rollo Robert Der Noormannen and Poppa Van Bayeux. Adela was born about 905 and died after 14 Oct 962. Children from this marriage were: M i. Willem-Ii(Iv) Van Poitou (Van Aquitanië) was born about 937 and died from about to 996 about age F ii. Adelheid Van Aquitanië Poitou was born about 950 and died on 15 Jun 1006 about age F iii. Irmingard N.N. was born about 955 and died about 995 about age 40. Kildemateriale 6: Wikipedia/Familien Willem I/III Aquitanië (Frans: Aquitaine, Occitaans: Aquitània, Baskisch: Akitania, Poitevin-Saintongeais: Aguiéne) is een adminstratieve regio in het zuidwesten van Frankrijk, met als hoofdstad Bordeaux. In het verleden was Aquitanië echter ook achtereenvolgens een Romeinse provincie, een koninkrijk en een hertogdom. De naam, die waterrijk gebied zou betekenen en afgeleid is van het Latijnse aqua (water), veranderde gedurende de Honderdjarige Oorlog in Guyenne. Onder de naam Guyenne-Gascogne was het een Franse provincie tot aan de Franse revolutie. Ook een groot deel van de hedendaagse regio Midi-Pyrénées hoorde bij die provincie Karolingisch Rijk In 768 voegt Pepijn de Korte het gebied bij het Karolingisch Rijk. Karel de Grote maakte van Aquitanië een koninkrijk voor zijn zoon Lodewijk de Vrome (781). Die werd opgevolgd door Pepijn I (817) en Pepijn II (838). Na het verdrag van Verdun (843) werd het gebied onderdeel van het Westfrankisch rijk van Karel II de Kale. Karel de Kale moest toestaan dat zijn grote vazallen hun leen en titel erfelijk maakten. De graven van Poitiers droegen de titel hertog van Aquitanië van 878 tot 890. Daarna ging de titel over op de graven van Auvergnes ( ), de graven van Toulouse ( ) en opnieuw de graven van Poitiers ( ). In 1063 werd Gascogne, Frans Navarra uitgezonderd, bij Aquitanië gevoegd. In het Aquitanië van de 12e en 13e eeuw ontstond de literatuur van de troubadours in het Occitaans. aner\ /nov.2012 Side 15

17 Kildemateriale 6: Wikipedia/Familien Willem I/III fortsat Poitou was a province of west-central France whose capital city was Poitiers. There is a marshland called the Poitevin marsh (French Marais Poitevin) on the gulf of Poitou, on the west coast of France, just north of La Rochelle. Among the people who have borne the title of Count of Poitiers (or Poitou, in what is now France but in the Middle Ages became part of Aquitaine) are: Ebalus (or Ebles Manzer) ( ) (illegitimate son of Ranulf II of Poitiers) Aymar ( ) Ebalus (or Ebles Manzer) (restored) ( ) (illegitimate son of Ranulf II of Poitiers) William III of Aquitaine ( ) aka: William I of Poitou (son of Ebalus of Aquitaine) William IV of Aquitaine ( ) aka: William II of Poitou (son of William III of Aquitaine) William V of Aquitaine ( ) aka: William III of Poitou (son of William IV of Aquitaine) William VI of Aquitaine ( ) aka: William IV of Poitou (1 st son of William V of Aquitaine) Odo of Gascony ( ) aka: Eudes (2nd son of William V of Aquitaine) William VII of Aquitaine ( ) aka: William V of Poitou (3 rd son of William V of Aquitaine) William VIII of Aquitaine ( ) aka: William VI of Poitou (4th son of William V of Aquitaine) William IX of Aquitaine ( ) aka: William VII of Poitou (son of William VIII of Aquitaine) William X of Aquitaine ( ) aka: William VIII of Poitou (son of William IX of Aquitaine). aner\ /nov.2012 Side 16

18 Kildemateriale 7: MedLands/Familien Willem I/III Chapter 6. DUKES OF AQUITAINE, COMTES de POITOU A. DUKES OF AQUITAINE, COMTES de POITOU GUILLAUME III (I) , GUILLAUME IV (II) GUILLAUME de Poitou, son of EBALUS "Mancer" Comte de Poitou & his [second wife Emillane ---] ([900]-Poitiers 3 Apr 963, bur Saint- Cyprien). The Chronicle of Adémar de Chabannes names "Willelmus cognomento Caput stupe" as one of the two sons of "Eblo duce", specifying that he was "Arvernis, Vallatis, Lemovice et Pictavis comes dux Aquitaniæ" [282]. The Chronico Comitum Pictaviæ names "Willelmum Caput-stupæ" as son of "Ebles Dux Aquitaniæ et Pictaviæ Comes" & his wife Adellia [283]. Ademar names "Willelmum Caputstupæ" sas son of Eble and "Adelam, filiam Rosi Rotomagensis", but evidently confuses the latter with Guillaume's own wife [284]. He succeeded his father in 934 as GUILLAUME I Tête d'etoupes/caputstupæ Comte de Poitou. He was appointed lay abbot of Saint- Hilaire-de-Poitiers in Jan 942 [285]. From the start of his reign, his possession of Poitou was disputed by Hugues "le Grand" Duc des Francs [Capet] [286]. "Guillelmus comes vel abba summi pontificis domni nostri Hylarii" donated property "in pago Pictavo in viccaria Pictavis" to the church of Saint-Hilaire de Poitiers by charter dated Jun 941 or 942 [287]. Louis IV King of France confirmed the property of Saint-Hilaire de Poitiers, in the presence of "Guillelmus comes et marchio et frater eius Ebolus atque Rotgarius comes", by charter dated 5 Jan 942 [288]. Comte d'auvergne et de Limoges 955. Around this same time, Lothaire King of France exten-ded the authority of Comte Guillaume over the whole of Aquitaine. Although known to history as GUILLAUME III Duke of Aquitaine, charters record him as "Guillelmus Aquitanici ducatus comes" [289] and "Guillelmus Pictavensium sive Lemovicensium necne et Arvernensium comes insuper etiam Aquitainiæ comes palati" [290] as well as "Willelmi duci Aquitanorum cognomento Caput-Stupæ" [291]. He abdicated in 962, and became a monk at Saint-Cyprien de Poitiers [292]. The Chronicle of Adémar de Chabannes records that "Willelmo Capite stupæ" was buried "apud ecclesiam Sancti Cypriani" [293]. m (935) ADELA [Gerloc] de Normandie, daughter of ROBERT I [Rollo] Comte [de Normandie] & his [second] wife Popa [de Bayeux] (-after 969). Guillaume de Jumièges names "Guillaume et Gerloc" as children of Rollo and Poppa, in a later passage recording her marriage to "Guillaume comte de Poitou"[ 294]. Robert of Torigny also names "Willermum Longum Spatam et Gerloch" as children of "Rollo dux Northmannorum" and Poppa [295]. The Chronicle of Adémar de Chabannes records the marriage of "filius Ranulfi Eblus" and "Adelam filiam Rosi Rotomagensis" [296]. The Chronico Richardi Pictavensis also records that "Heblus Pictavorum Comes et Dux Aquitaniæ duxit Adelam filiam Rolli Rothomagensis" [297]. aner\ /nov.2012 Side 17

19 Kildemateriale 7: MedLands/Familien Willem I/III fortsat This information is contradicted by other sources, is difficult to sustain from a chronological point of view, and is presumably in error. She adopted the name ADELA when baptised. "Guillelmi comitis, Adeleidis comitisse" subscribed a charter recording a dona-tion to Cluny dated [963] [298]. On 14 Oct 962, Lothaire King of France granted her the right to dispose of extensive property in Poitiers, la Cour de Faye, effectively putting an end to the long dispute between her husband and the family of Hugues "Capet". She used the property to found the Monastery of Sainte-Trinité [299]. "Vuillelmus dux Aquitanorum" donated property to Saint-Jean d'angély for the soul of " matre mea Addela " by charter dated [971] [300]. Duke Guillaume III & his wife had two children: 1. GUILLAUME de Poitou ([937]-Saint-Maixent [end 995/early 996], bur Abbaye de Saint-Maixent [301]). The Chronicle of Adémar de Chabannes names "Willelmum" as son of "Willelmo Capite stupæ" when recording that he succeeded his father [302]. "Ebulus Lemovicensium sedis episcopus" donated property including "alodum meum Baidon" to Saint-Maixent "pro remedio animæ fratris mei Guillelmi, sive pro consolatione nepotism mei equivoci Guillelmi Aquitanorum ducis" by charter dated Jan [965/66] [303]. He succeeded his father in 963 as GUILLAUME IV "Fier-à-Bras" Duke of Aquitaine, GUILLAUME II Comte de Poitou, lay abbot of Saint- Hilaire-de-Poi-tiers. "Guilelmus Aquitanensium dux et cœnobii Hylarii abbas" donated property to "clericus Rodgarius" by charter dated Mar 967 [304]. "Wilelmus Aquitaniensium dux et cœnobii Hylarii abbas" donated property to "Mainardo", at the request of "patruus noster domnus Ebolus, sancte Lemovicensis sedis episcopus atque beati Hylarii archiclavus", by charter dated Jan 969, subscribed by "Adraldo vicecomes, Arbertus vicecomes, Kadeloni vicecomes " [305]. At first a powerful duke, he led a dissolute life after the departure of his wife, became increasingly ill and fell under the influence of Madelme, an Italian doctor, whom he rewarded with a vast estate near Fontenay[306]. Duke Guillaume became increasingly religious following the return of his wife in 988, and under her influence the couple made donations to numerous religious esta-blishments. "Guilelmus Aquitaniencum dux" founded a hospital near Saint-Hilaire de Poitiers by charter dated Jan 989, subscribed by "Emma comitissa, Guillelmi filium eius, Guilelmi comitis Engolismæ " [307]. It appears that a reaction to these religious exces-ses set in, and the duke's wife left him once more together with their older son in 991 [308]. Duke Guillaume abdicated in Jan 993 in favour of his son, and retired to the Abbey of Saint-Cyprien de Poitiers, later transferring to the Abbey of Saint-Maixent where he became a monk on his deathbed [309]. m ([968]) EMMA de Blois, daughter of THIBAUT I "le Tricheur" Comte de Blois & his wife Luitgard de Vermandois ([953]- 1 Aug, 1004 or after). aner\ /nov.2012 Side 18

20 Kildemateriale 7: MedLands/Familien Willem I/III fortsat The Chronicle of Adémar de Chabannes records the marriage of "Willelmum" (son of "Willelmo Capite stupæ") and "filiam Tetbaldi Campenensis Emmam" [310]. The Chronicle of Saint-Maxence names "filiam Tetbaudi Campanensis Emmam sive Emelinam" as the wife of "Willelmu duce Caput Stupæ filium eius Willelmum" [311]. She inherited property near Vernon in eastern Normandy from her mother which she gave to the Abbey of Bourgueil in Aquitaine [312]. Her dowry in 968 was Chinon. "Vuillelmus dux Aquitanorum" donated property to Saint-Jean d'angély for the soul of " uxore mea Emma " by charter dated [971] [313]. She fled Poitou between 976 and 988 because of the adulterous behaviour of her husband [314]. "Ledgardis" donated property to "Sancti Petri Carnotensis ecclesiam", for the souls of "senioris mei comitis Tedbaldi patris mei Heirberti, Trecassini comitis", with the consent of "archipresule Hugone et comite Odone, filiis meis", by charter dated 5 Feb 978, signed by " Emma comitissa Pictavæ urbis " [315]. "Guilelmus Aquitaniencum dux" founded a hospital near Saint- Hilaire de Poitiers by charter dated Jan 989, subscribed by "Emma comitissa, Guillelmi filium eius, Guilelmi comitis Engolismæ " [316]. "Willelmus Aqui-tanorum comes et dux et uxor mea Hemma et filius noster equivocus Willelmus" donated property to Saint- Maixent by charter dated Dec 992 [317]. "Emme matris eius" subscribed the donation by "Willelmus dux Aquitanorum" of property to St Cyprien, Poitiers by charter dated [990/1004] [318]. She confirmed her son's 27 Dec 1003 donation of Bretignolle to the Abbey of Bourgueil, but according to Richard she was still alive when her first grandson was born in 1004 [319]. A necrology of Vendôme La Trinité records the death "Kal Aug" of "Emma comitissa, Burgulii" [320]. Mistress (1): --- de Thouars, daughter of --- [321]. The primary source which con-firms her parentage and relationship with Duke Guillaume IV has not yet been identified. Duke Guillaume IV & his wife had two children: a) GUILLAUME d'aquitaine ([969]-Maillezais 31 Jan 1030, bur Maillezais, Abbaye de Saint-Pierre). The Chronicle of Adémar de Chabannes names "Willelmum" as son of "Willelmum" (son of "Willelmo Capite stupæ") and his wife "filiam Tetbaldi Campenensis Emmam" [322]. He succeeded his father in 993 as GUILLAUME V "le Grand" Duke of Aquitaine, GUILLAUME III Comte de Poitou. - see below. b) EBLES d'aquitaine (-after 997). He is named only in an act dated to the early part of the reign of Robert II King of France [323]. 2. [ADELAIS de Poitou ([950/55]-[1004]). There is uncertainty about this origin of Adelais, wife of Hugues Capet, which is stated directly only in the 11th century Translation de Saint- Magloire [324]. This Poitevin origin is also suggested by Richer who records that King Robert "ob nepotem suum Wilelmum" besieged "in Aquitania Hildebertum" [325]. aner\ /nov.2012 Side 19

21 Kildemateriale 7: MedLands/Familien Willem I/III fortsat It is assumed that such a relationship between King Robert and Duke Guillaume would be through the king's mother as no family connection through his father has been established. The Chronicle of Ademar de Chabannes, on the other hand, recounts the dispute between "Dux Aquitanorum Willelmus" and King Hugues, as well as the subsequent peace agreed between the parties in 990, without mentioning that the duke was the king's brother-in-law [326], all the more surprising if the Poitevin origin is correct as Ademar concentrates on Poitevin affairs and also includes genealogical details in his narrative. Helgaud's Vita Roberti Regis names "Rex Francorum Rotbertus patre Hugone, matre Adhelaide", specifying that "ab Ausonis partibus descenderat" [327]. Settipani equates "Ausonia" with Rome or Italy [328], although no other reference to an Italian origin for Adelais has yet been identified. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines refers to the mother of "rex Francorum Robertus" as "superiorem regum Anglie soror" [329] but it is difficult to see to whom this could refer or how it could be correct. The paucity of references in contemporary sources to the wife of Hugues Capet and her origin contrasts sharply with the frequent references to his mother and to the wives of his son King Robert I. This suggests that the background of Queen Adelais may have been obscure and that her family had little political influence at the time, although this would be surprising as her husband was already enjoying a position of some power at the Carolingian court at the time of his marriage. Maybe her family was prominent when the couple married but suffered a subsequent decline by the time her husband was elected king. Nevertheless, an Aquitainian marriage would have fitted the political circumstances of the time. After several decades of dispute between the Capet and Poitou families, a permanent peace appears to have been established from about the time the marriage took place [330]. The necrology of the abbey of Saint-Denis records the death "XVII Kal Jul" of "Adelaidis regina" [331]. m ([968]) HUGUES Duc des Francs, son of HUGUES le Grand Duc des Francs & his third wife Hedwig of Saxony [Germany] ([940]-Les Juifs, near Prasville, Eure-et-Loire 24 Oct 996, bur église de l'abbaye royale de Saint-Denis). He was elected HUGUES "Capet" King of France by an assembly of nobles at Senlis 29 May 987.] Noter: [280] Richard (1903) Tome I, p. 105 footnote 49 (continuation p. 104). [281] Ademari Historiorum III.25, MGH SS IV, p [282] Adémar de Chabannes III, 25, p [283] Chronico Comitum Pictaviæ, RHGF X, p [284] Ademari Historiarum III.23, MGH SS IV, p [285] Richard (1903) Tome I, p [286] Richard (1903) Tome I, p aner\ /nov.2012 Side 20

22 Kildemateriale 7: MedLands/Familien Willem I/III fortsat [287] Saint-Hilaire de Poitiers, XVIII, p. 22. [288] Saint-Hilaire de Poitiers, XIX, p. 23. [289] Saint-Maixent Vol. I, XX, p. 32. [290] Saint-Maixent Vol. I, XXVII, p. 42. [291] Saint-Maixent Vol. I, XXIII, p. 35. [292] Richard (1903) Tome I, p [293] Adémar de Chabannes III, 30, p [294] Guizot, M. (ed.) (1826) (Paris) Histoire des ducs de Normandie, par Guillaume de Jumiège ( WJ ), II.12, p. 47, and III.3, p. 65. [295] Delisle, L. (ed.) (1872) Chronique de Robert de Torigni, abbé de Mont-Saint-Michel (Rouen), Vol. I, 912, p. 14. [296] Adémar de Chabannes III, 23, p [297] Chronico Richardi Pictavensis, RHGF IX, p.21. [298] Cluny Tome II, 1164, p [299] Richard (1903) Tome I, p and 142. [300] Cartulaire de Saint-Jean d'angély, Archives historiques de la Saintonge et de l'aunis Tome XXX (Paris, Saintes, 1901) ("Saint-Jean d Angély"), CXCII, p [301] Ademari Historiarum III.34, MGH SS IV, p [302] Adémar de Chabannes III, 30, p [303] Saint-Maixent Vol. I, XXXIII, p. 48. [304] Saint-Hilaire de Poitiers, XXXII, p. 36. [305] Saint-Hilaire de Poitiers, XXXVI, p. 40. [306] Richard (1903) Tome I, p [307] Saint-Hilaire de Poitiers, XLVII, p. 54. [308] Richard (1903) Tome I, p [309] Ademari Historiarum III.34, MGH SS IV, p [310] Adémar de Chabannes III, 30, p [311] Chronicon sancti Maxentii Pictavensis, Chroniques des Eglises d'anjou, p [312] Houts, E. van (ed. and trans.) (2000) The Normans in Europe (Manchester University Press), p [313] Saint-Jean d'angély CXCII, p [314] Szabolcs de Vajay 'Contribution à l'histoire de l'attitude des royaumes pirénéens dans la querelle des investitures: de l'origine de Berthe, reine d'aragon et de Navarre', Estudios Genealógicos, Heráldicos y Nobiliarios, en honor de Vicente de Cadenas y Vicent (Hidalguía, Madrid, 1978), Vol. 2, p [315] Guérard, M. (ed.) (1840) Cartulaire de l'abbaye de Saint- Père de Chartres (Paris) ("Chartres Saint-Père") Tome I, Liber Tertius, Cap. VIII, p. 63. [316] Saint-Hilaire de Poitiers, XLVII, p. 54. [317] Saint-Maixent Vol. I, LXI, p. 77. [318] Poitiers Saint-Cyprien 17, p. 22. [319] Richard (1903) Tome II, p. 41. [320] Obituaires de Sens Tome II, Abbaye de la Trinité de Vendôme, Calendrier nécrologique du xiii siècle, p [321] Richard (1903) Tome I, p aner\ /nov.2012 Side 21

23 Kildemateriale 7: MedLands/Familien Willem I/III fortsat [322] Adémar de Chabannes III, 30, p [323] Richard (1903) Tome I, p [324] Merlet, R. (1895) 'Origines de Robert le Fort', Mélanges Julien Havet (Paris), p. 247, quoted in Settipani, p [325] Guadet, J. (ed.) (1840) Richeri Historiarum (Paris) ("Richer") IV, supplementary notes following CVII, p [326] Chronico Ademari Cabanensis, RHGF X, p [327] Vita Roberti Regis, RHGF X, p. 99. [328] Settipani (1993), p [329] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1031, MGH SS XXIII, p [330] Richard (1903) Tome I, p [331] Obituaires de Sens Tome I.1, Abbaye de Saint-Denis, p [332] Adémar de Chabannes III, 30, p [333] Saint-Jean d'angély CXCII, p [334] Saint-Maixent Vol. I, LXI, p. 77. [335] Richard (1903) Tome I, p aner\ /nov.2012 Side 22

24 Kildemateriale for ane nr / Kildemateriale 1: Herweijer/Familien Ebalus Generatie XXV EBALUS, Manzer, graaf van Poitou, huwde (1e) in 892 met Eremburg, zoon van RANULF II (zie ). Gehuwd vóór 911 met EMILIANE. Sønnen Willem I/III Generatie XXIV WILLEM I/III VAN POITOU (VAN AQUITANIë), geboren ca. 915, overleden op Als Willem III was hij hertog van Aquitanië, als Willem I graaf van Poitou. Zoon van EBALUS (zie ) en EMILIANE (zie ) ADELE VAN NORMANDIë, overleden na , dochter van ROLLO (zie ) en POPPA VAN BAYEUX Kildemateriale 2: Voort359/Familien Ebalus Child of Ramnulf II of Poitiers ( ) and Irmingarde / Ada? (850-?): Ebles Manzer of Aquitaine * 872 x Emilienne (911) Child of Ebles Manzer of Aquitaine ( ) and Emilienne? (890-?): Guillaume III of Poitiers, Duke of Aquitaine * 915 x Adèle of Normandy (935) (Saint-Maixent) aner\ /nov.2012 Side 23

25 Kildemateriale 3: Wissenburg/Familien Ebalus Ebles II van POITIERS Familienaam Index Vader Moeder Geboren Poitiers 876 Overleden 935 NB: bijgenaamd 'Ebles Mancer'; dit wordt wel geïnterpreteerd als Hebreeuws mamser, bastaard of 'van gemengd bloed'. Volgens de eerste interpretatie zou hij dan een bastaard van zijn vader en een onbekende vrouw zijn. Leuk maar twijfelachtig. Huwt (1) ca Elgiva van ENGELAND Familienaam Index Vader Moeder Huwt (2) Aremburge N. Huwt (3) Emiliane N. Kinderen: 1. Willem III van Aquitanië Zie Kildemateriale 4: Wikipedia/Familien Ebalus Ebalus van Aquitanië (?, 873 -?, 935), bijg. Mancer, was een buitenechtelijke zoon van graaf Ranulf II van Poitiers. Hij volgde zijn vader op als graaf van Poitiers en van Aquitanië, maar verloor zijn rijk al in 893 en kreeg dit pas terug in 927, dankzij de steun van Willem I van Aquitanië. Ebalus werd bekend door zijn overwinning op de Noormannen in 911 nabij Chartres. In 927 verwierf hij ook Auvergne. Ebalus was in 891 gehuwd met Aremburgis en in 911 met Emiliana, en was vader van: Willem III ( ) Ebalus, bisschop van Limoges. aner\ /nov.2012 Side 24

26 Kildemateriale 5: MedLands/Familien Ebalus Chapter 3. DUKES of AQUITAINE 9th-10th centuries 15 BEGO RAINULF I 852, RAINULF II , EBLE RAYMOND 932-[936] 17 RAMNULF [Rainulf], son of GERARD Comte d'auvergne & his first wife --- ([815]-killed in battle near Brissarthe Oct 866). The Chronicle of Adémar de Chabannes records that "Ramnulfum filium Girardi comitis Arvernis, nepotem Willelmi fratris Girardi" was installed as Comte de Poitou after "Emeno comes Pictavinus" was expelled from Poitou by Emperor Louis for having supported the accession of Pepin II King of Aquitaine after the death of the latter's father [in 838] [107]. He was installed as Duke of Aquitaine in 852. The Chronicle of Saint-Maxence records that "Ramnuflus comes Pictavensis et Raino comes Arbaticensis, consanguineus eius" fled from the Vikings who attacked "Briliaco villa" in 852 [108]. He was a supporter of Charles II "le Chauve" King of the West Franks. The Annales Bertiniani name "Ramnulfus" among those wounded in the Viking attack in 866, and later dying from his wounds [109]. The Adonis Continuatio records that "Robertus quoque atque Ramnulfus inter primos ipsi priores" were killed by the Vikings in 866 [110]. 1. RAINULF ([845/50]-Paris 890). He appears to have been finally installed as Comte de Poitou in [878], judging by his heading the list of confirmants of his brother's Apr 878 donation to the church of Saint-Hilaire de Poitiers [111]. After the deposition of Emperor Karl III in Nov 887, Comte Rainulf claimed the succession to the kingdom of Aquitaine and supported the candidature of Guy of Spoleto as King of the Franks [112]. He was appointed Duke of Aquitaine in 888. The Chronicle of Saint-Maxence records the death in 890 of "Ramnulfus comes Pictavinus" [113]. a) EBALUS [Eble] "Mancer" ([870/75]-934). "Eblum" is named as son of "Rannulfus comes Pictavensis" by Ademar [114]. He succeeded his father in 890 as EBLE "Mancer" Comte de Poitou. Acfred Duke of Aquitaine appointed Eble as his heir, the latter succeeding as Duke of Aquitaine and Comte d'auvergne in 927 [115]. Raoul King of France transferred Aquitaine to Raymond Comte de Toulouse in 932 [116]. His last known act was a donation to the monks of Saint- Cyprien dated Jan 934 [117]. aner\ /nov.2012 Side 25

27 Kildemateriale 5: MedLands/Familien Ebalus fortsat EBLE , EBLE "Mancer", illegitimate son of RAINULF II Comte de Poitou, Duke of Aquitaine & his mistress --- ([870/75]-[Jan 934/935]). The Chronicle of Adémar de Chabannes names "Eblum" as son of "Ramnulfus comes Pictaviensis", another manuscript specifying that he was born "ex concubina" [259]. The Chronicle of Saint-Maxence names "Ramnulfus comes Pictavensis filium Eblum" [260]. The Chronico Richardi Pictavensis names "Ramnulfus Comes Pictavis filium Eblum" [261]. He succeeded his father in 890 as EBLE "Mancer" Comte de Poitou, his illegitimacy apparently presenting no obstacle to his succession, although this was opposed by Adémar, son of Comte Emenon. Comte Eble found refuge first with Géraud Seigneur d'aurillac, later with Guillaume "le Pieux" Comte d'auvergne, his uncles Josbert and Eble assuming the defence of his rights to Poitou until their deaths in late 892 [262]. Poitou was captured by the forces of Eudes King of France, who gave the county to his brother Robert although the latter was expelled by Comte Aimar [263]. Comte Eble expelled Comte Aimar in 902 and was restored as Comte de Poitou. He was recognised as Comte du Limousin in 904 [264]. Acfred Duke of Aquitaine appointed Eble as his heir, the latter succeeding as Duke of Aquitaine and Comte d'auvergne in 927 [265]. Raoul King of France transferred Aquitaine to Raymond Comte de Toulouse in 932 [266]. His last known act was a donation to the monks of Saint-Cyprien dated Jan 934 [267]. m firstly (betrothed before 10 Oct 890, [891/92]) AREMBURGIS, daughter of ---. Her future husband names her as his betrothed in an act dated 10 Oct 890[268]. m secondly (before Feb 911) EMILLANE, daughter of --- (-[932/36] or after). "Emmena femina" granted property "allodus situs in pago Pictavo in vicaria Salvinse in villa Baidonnus" to "domnum Ebolum comitem et uxorem eius Emillane" by charter dated Feb 911 [269]. Ademar names "Adelam, filiam Rosi Rotomagensis" as wife of Eble and mother of "Willelmum Caputstupæ", but this appears chronologically impossible, the individual being confused no doubt with the latter's wife [270]. The Chronico Comitum Pictaviæ names "Hadelliam Adestani regis Angliæ filiam" as wife of "Ebles Dux Aquitaniæ et Pictaviæ Comes" [271], but this also appears impossible. "Willelmi comitis, Alaine comitisse que fuit monacha" subscribed the donation by "Rotbertus clericus" of property to St. Cyprien, Poitiers by charter dated [932/36] [272], it being assumed that "Alaine" was the mother of Comte Guillaume I although no relationship is stated in the document. aner\ /nov.2012 Side 26

28 Kildemateriale 5: MedLands/Familien Ebalus fortsat Comte Ebalus & his [second] wife had two children: 1. GUILLAUME de Poitou ([900]-Poitiers 3 Apr 963). The Chronicle of Adémar de Chabannes names "Willelmus cognomento Caput stupe" as one of the two sons of "Eblo duce", specifying that he was "Arvernis, Vallatis, Lemovice et Pictavis comes dux Aquitaniæ" [273]. He succeeded his father in 934 as GUILLAUME I Tête d'etoupes/ Capite-stupæ Comte de Poitou. He succeeded in 959 as GUILLAUME III Duke of Aquitaine. - see below, Chapter EBALUS de Poitou (-Abbaye de Saint-Michel-en-Lherm 26 Feb 977 [274]). The Chronicle of Adémar de Chabannes names "Eblus pontifex Lemovicæ" as one of the two sons of "Eblo duce", specifying that he was abbot of "Sancti Hilarii ac Sancti Maxencii" [275]. Louis IV King of France confirmed the property of Saint-Hilaire de Poitiers, in the presence of "Guillelmus comes et marchio et frater eius Ebolus atque Rotgarius comes", by charter dated 5 Jan 942 [276]. "Guillelmus Aquitanici ducatus comes" was present in a property transaction recorded by charter dated Jul 959 which also names "fratre nostro Ebulone episcopo abbate" [277]. The restoration by "Eblo episcopus Lemovice civitatis et comes Pictavorum" of the abbey of Saint-Maixent with the consent of "fratre eius Willelmo duce Aquitanorum" is recorded in a charter dated [960] [278]. "Ebulus Lemovicensium sedis episcopus" donated property including "alodum meum Baidon" to Saint-Maixent "pro remedio animæ fratris mei Guillelmi, sive pro consolatione nepotism mei equivoci Guillelmi Aquitanorum ducis" by charter dated Jan [965/66] [279]. Richard suggests that this charter shows that the mother of Ebalus must have been Emillane, but his reasoning appears to be faulty. He states firstly that Ebalus declares in the document that Baidon belonged to him "à titre héréditaire" (although the precise wording "allodium meum" does not convey this meaning) and secondly that this property must have come to him from his mother who, he says, acquired the property in 911 (although she acquired the property jointly with her husband, as shown by the charter quoted above) [280]. Abbé de Saint Maixent 936. Thesaurius of Saint-Hilaire-de-Poitiers 937/77. Bishop of Limoges 944. He resigned in 963 and became Abbé de Saint-Michelen-Lherm. He was captured by Hélie Comte de Périgord and blinded [281]. aner\ /nov.2012 Side 27

29 Kildemateriale 5: MedLands/Familien Ebalus fortsat Noter: [106] Merlet, R. (ed.) (1896) La chronique de Nantes (Paris) VIII, pp. 22 and 24. [107] Adémar de Chabannes III, 16, p [108] Chronicon sancti Maxentii Pictavensis, Chroniques des- Eglises d'anjou, p [109] Annales Bertiniani III 866. [110] Adonis Continuatio Prima, Auctore Anonymo 866, MGH SS II, p [111] Richard (1903) Tome I, p. 53. [112] Richard (1903) Tome I, p [113] Chronicon sancti Maxentii Pictavensis, Chroniques des Eglises d'anjou, p [114] Ademari Historiarum III.21, MGH SS IV, p [115] Richard (1903) Tome I, p. 95. [116] Richard (1903) Tome I, p. 99. [117] Richard (1903) Tome I, p. 103 footnote 44. [118] Richard (1903) Tome I, p. 99. [258] Chronicon sancti Maxentii Pictavensis, Chroniques des Eglises d'anjou, p [259] Adémar de Chabannes III, 21, pp. 139 and 140. [260] Chronicon sancti Maxentii Pictavensis, Chroniques des Eglises d'anjou, p [261] Chronico Richardi Pictavensis, RHGF IX, p.21. [262] Richard (1903) Tome I, p [263] Richard (1903) Tome I, p. 72. [264] Richard (1903) Tome I, p. 83. [265] Richard (1903) Tome I, p. 95. [266] Richard (1903) Tome I, p. 99. [267] Richard (1903) Tome I, p. 103 footnote 44. [268] Richard (1903) Tome I, p. 68. [269] Saint-Maixent Vol. I, VIII, p. 19. [270] Ademari Historiarum III.23, MGH SS IV, p [271] Chronico Comitum Pictaviæ, RHGF X, p [272] Poitiers Saint-Cyprien 23, p. 27. [273] Adémar de Chabannes III, 25, p [274] Richard (1903) Tome I, p [275] Adémar de Chabannes III, 25, p [276] Saint-Hilaire de Poitiers, XIX, p. 23. [277] Richard, A. (ed.) (1886) Chartes et documents pour servir à l'histoire de l'abbaye de Saint-Maixent, Archives historiques du Poitou Tome XVI (Poitiers) ("Saint-Maixent") Vol. I, XX, p. 32. [278] Saint-Maixent Vol. I, XXIII, p. 35. [279] Saint-Maixent Vol. I, XXXIII, p. 48. [280] Richard (1903) Tome I, p. 105 footnote 49 (continuation from p. 104). [281] Ademari Historiorum III.25, MGH SS IV, p [282] Adémar de Chabannes III, 25, p aner\ /nov.2012 Side 28

30 Kildemateriale 6: MedLands/Familien Ebalus Karel De Grote = Generation 1. Generation 6: 123. Ebalus II Manzer Van Aquitanië was born about 870 and died about 930 about age 60. Ebalus married Emiliane Van Engeland about 911. Emiliane was born about 880 and died about 930 about age 50. The child from this marriage was: Mi. Willem I(Iii) Van Poitou Van Aquitanië was born about 915 and died on 3 Apr 963 about age 48. Ebalus next married Eremburga Van Poitou about 892. Eremburga was born about 870 and died about 910 about age 40. aner\ /nov.2012 Side 29

31 Kildemateriale for ane nr / Kildemateriale 1: Herweijer/Familien Rollo Generatie XXV ROLLO, hertog van Normandië, huwde (2e) in 912 met Gisela, geboren ca. 846, overleden 931. Gehuwd 886 met POPPA VAN BAYEUX, dochter van BERENGARIUS (zie ). Datteren Adele: Generatie XXIV WILLEM I/III VAN POITOU (VAN AQUITANIë), geboren ca. 915, overleden op Als Willem III was hij hertog van Aquitanië, als Willem I graaf van Poitou. Zoon van EBALUS (zie ) en EMILIANE (zie ) ADELE VAN NORMANDIë, overleden na , dochter van ROLLO (zie ) en POPPA VAN BAYEUX Kildemateriale 2: Feringa/Familien Rollo Rollo (the Ganger) van NORMANDIë, geboren ca. 0870, overleden Bron: Henny Savenije, zoon van Rognvald (the Mighty) van MORLE (zie 15895) en Hild (fa Rolf) NEFJA (zie 15896). Gehuwd met Poppa van BAYEUX (zie 15736). Uit dit huwelijk: 2 kinderen Poppa van BAYEUX, geboren ca Bron: Henny Savenije, dochter van Graaf Brenger van BAYEUX (zie 16317) en N van BRETAGNE (zie 16318). Gehuwd met Rollo (the Ganger) van NORMANDIë (zie 15735). Uit dit huwelijk: 1. Hertog Willem I (Langzwaard) van NORMANDIë (zie 15474). 2. Adela van NORMANDIë (zie 15380) Poppa van BAYEUX, geboren ca. 0870, overleden ca Gehuwd circa 0886 met Rollo Robert der NOORMANNEN (zie 18134). Uit dit huwelijk: 1. Willem I van NORMANDIE (zie 18170) Hertog Willem I (Langzwaard) van NORMANDIë, geboren ca. 0895, overleden op Bron: Henny Savenije, zoon van Rollo (the Ganger) van NORMANDIë (zie 15735) en Poppa van BAYEUX (zie 15736). Gehuwd (1) circa 0935 met Liutgarde van VERMANDOIS (zie 15562). Gehuwd (2) met Sprota NN (zie 15894). Uit het eerste huwelijk: 1. Richard I (Sans Peur) van NORMANDIë (zie 15508). aner\ /nov.2012 Side 30

32 Kildemateriale 3: Wikipedia/Familien Rollo Rollo (ca. 860 ca. 932), later Robert I van Normandië, was een Deense Viking-krijgsheer. Mogelijk dient hij vereenzelvigd te worden met Hrolf Ganger (Oudnoords voor Hrolf de Wandelaar). Hij zou zo genoemd zijn, omdat geen paard sterk genoeg was om hem te dragen en hij dus altijd naast het paard moest lopen. Rollo is de stamvader van de hertogen van Normandië. Hij verwierf Normandië als leengoed van Karel de Eenvoudige bij het Verdrag van Saint-Clair-sur-Epte (911). Rollo had zijn uitvalsbasis aan de Seinemonding, bij Honfleur. Vandaar maakte hij strooptochten langs de Frankische kusten, op de Seine en de Somme. Karel de Eenvoudige (ook de Simpele) schonk hem door een verdrag, de kust van Neustrië, vanaf de Somme tot Bretagne, op voorwaarde dat de Vikingstrooptochten zouden ophouden. Zijn afstammeling Willem de Veroveraar veroverde in 1066 Engeland. Externe links * (en) Hrolf de Wandelaar (Rollo) (Foundation for Medieval Genealogy) Rollo (* 860 (?); 931 oder 932) ist der fränkisch-lateinische Name eines Wikingers, der im Jahre 911 den letzten großen Überfall der Wikinger auf Frankreich kommandierte. Die späteren isländischen Sagas identifizieren ihn mit Hrolf Ganger (in Skandinavien auch Gånge Rolf genannt), doch diese Zuweisung gilt inzwischen als unsicher.[1] Dudo von Saint-Quentin hielt ihn für einen Dänen. Diese Aussage hat Gewicht, da sein Informant Raoul d Ivry ein Halbbruder des Normannenherzogs Richard I. war. Zudem kam er mit einem dänischen Kontingent aus England. Angeblich soll sein Name Rollo der Wanderer daher stammen, dass er so groß gewesen ist, dass ihn kein Pferd tragen konnte und er daher den gesamten Landweg von Skandinavien bis Frankreich zu Fuß gehen musste. Man kann dies getrost als Übertreibung bezeichnen, mit der erklärt werden sollte, warum gerade Rollo das Gebiet übertragen bekam, obwohl er sich doch selbst nur Primus inter pares nannte und eigentlich nicht einmal Stammesfürst war. Er schloss mit Karl dem Einfältigen 911 den Vertrag von Saint- Clair-sur-Epte. Rollo ließ sich taufen und erhielt dafür ein Gebiet am Unterlauf der Seine als Lehen. Dies geschah aus der Not heraus, da er nach mehreren schweren Niederlagen die völlige Vernichtung seines verbliebenen Kontingents befürchten musste. Flodoard von Reims, der zeitlich den Ereignissen nahestand, nennt ihn namentlich nicht. Vielmehr wird dort nur der princeps Normannorum genannt, dessen Sohn Wilhelm sich Karl kommendiert habe. Die Grafschaft Rouen war der Ursprung der heutigen Normandie. In erster Ehe war er mit Poppa von Bayeux verheiratet. aner\ /nov.2012 Side 31

33 Kildemateriale 3: Wikipedia/Familien Rollo fortsat Mit ihr hatte er eine Tochter, Adele, Herzogin von Poitou, und einen Sohn, Wilhelm I. (Normandie) ( ). In einem Klagelied auf dessen Tod heißt es, er sei von einem transmarinus pater (einem Vater von jenseits des Meeres) gezeugt worden in errore paganorum permanente (in einem dauernden heidnischen Irrtum). Richer von Reims, Histoire de France ( ), beschreibt ihn als dux Rollo, fili Catilli (Herzog Rollo, Sohn des Catillus), ein Anführer von Piraten ( pyratae ), die Neustrien und das Loiregebiet verheerten.[2] In einem Translationsbericht aus dieser Zeit werden er und seine Wikinger als beutegierig und grausam geschildert, ihnen wird auch Folter vorgeworfen.[2] In zweiter Ehe soll er angeblich Gisela, eine Tochter Karls des Einfältigen, geheiratet haben. Nach seinem Tod wurde er in der Kathedrale von Rouen bestattet. Seine Nachfolger nannten sich Herzöge der Normandie und waren in das christliche Feudalsystem des frühen Frankreich integriert. Dessen Richtlinien lieferten dann auch später die Rechtsgrundlage für die Eroberung Englands durch einen Nachfolger Rollos. Rollo ist ein direkter Vorfahre Wilhelms des Eroberers ( ). Die Deutschrock-Band Torfrock verwendet die Figur Rollo der Wikinger in ihren Liedern, die jedoch weniger Elemente des historischen Vorbilds als des Comic-Wikingers Hägar der Schreckliche besitzt. Literatur: Claus Krag: Vikingtid og Rikssamling Aschehougs Norges Historie Bd. 2. Oslo Horst Zettel: Das Bild der Normannen und der Normanneneinfälle in westfränkischen, ostfränkischen und Angelsächsischen Quellen des 8. bis 11. Jahrhundert. München ISBN Einzelnachweise: Claus Krag: Vikingtid og Rikssamling Aschehougs Norges Historie Bd. 2. Oslo 1995, S. 18. Horst Zettel: Das Bild der Normannen und der Normanneneinfälle in westfränkischen, ostfränkischen und Angelsächsischen Quellen des 8. bis 11. Jahrhundert. München 1977, S aner\ /nov.2012 Side 32

34 Kildemateriale 4: MedLands/Familien Rollo NORMANDY, DUKES Chapter 1. DUKES of NORMANDY ROBERT I , GUILLAUME I ROLLO ["Ganger" Hrolf], son of [RAGNVALD "the Wise" Jarl of Möre in Norway & his wife Ragnhild ---] (-Rouen [928/33], bur ---, transferred [1064] to Rouen Cathedral [6]). The parentage of Rollo/Rolf is uncertain and the chronology of his life confused. Richer names "Rollone filio Catilli" as leader of the Vikings who raided along the Loire and against whom "Robertus Celticæ Galliæ dux" campaigned [7]. No further reference has been found to "Catillus/Ketel". Flodoard provides no information on Rollo s ancestry. The early 12th century William of Malmesbury states that "Rollo [was] born of noble lineage among the Norwegians, though obsolete from its extreme antiquity" and adds that he was "banished by the king s command from his own country" [8]. The later Orkneyinga Saga is more specific, naming Hrolf who conquered Normandy as son of Earl Rognwald and his wife Ragnhild the daughter of Hrolf Nose, adding that he was so big that no horse could carry him, giving rise to his name Göngu- Hrolf [9]. Snorre names "Rolf and Thorer" as the two sons of "Earl Ragnvald" and his wife Hild, recording that Rolf was banished from Norway by King Harald and travelled to the Hebrides, settling first in Orkney before moving southwards through Scotland, and eventually conquering Normandy [10]. The Historia Norwegie records that, after Orkney was conquered by "principi Rogwaldi" and his followers, "de quorum collegio Rodulfus" captured Rouen in Normandy, commenting that he was known as "Gongurolfr" because he was obliged to walk as he was too large to travel on horseback [11]. This source makes no reference to any blood relationship between Rollo and "principi Rogwaldi". Guillaume de Jumièges accords a Danish origin to Rollo, stating that his father "possédant presque en totalité le royaume de Dacie [Denmark], conquit en outre les territoires limitrophes de la Dacie et de l Alanie" and left "deux fils l aîné Rollon et le plus jeune Gurim" [12]. He records that the king of Denmark defeated the two brothers and killed Gorm, and that Rollo fled the country, first landing in England, where he made peace with "le roi Alstem" [13]. If this refers to Æthelstan King of Wessex, the account must be confused given King Æthelstan s succession in 924. Freeman suggests that Guillaume de Jumièges must be referring to "Guthrum- Æthelstan of East-Anglia" [14], although this does not resolve the chronological problems assuming that the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle is correct in recording Guthrum s death in 890 [15]. aner\ /nov.2012 Side 33