! THE NARRAGANSETT DAWN

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2 ! THE NARRAGANSETT DAWN 1 PRNCESS Publshed Monthly n the nterest of The Narrngansett Trbc of ndnns. EDTOR KEEPER OF RECORDS ASSSTANT EDTOR REDWlNC MARON W. BROWN ERNEST HAZARD Oakland, R.. 34 John St., Westerly, R.. Kenyon. R.. BUSNESS MANAGERS \ HARRY PECKHAM - 59 Grante Sfreet, Weslerly 1 THEODORE BROWN Peacedale, R.. FRANCS CLASKO - ~akand, R.. Prce 25c a copy - $1.00 a year by subscrpton. SEND SUBSCRPTONS TO EDTOR'S DESK Box 103, Oakland, Rhode sland VOL. 1 - DECEMBER NO. 8 CONTENTS EDTORLAL Edtor RELGON OR SN.YATON EagLe Eye Cmm CELEBRATES Ellen T. Chamrln. CHRSTAN NDAN HOMEF,..... ;. shonoua LSTEN TO THE MEDCNE &N Cltef Pne Tree THE SOUL OF THE NDAN Margaret Carter THE ROQUOS TEMPERANCE LEAGUE..... W. Davd Owl NARRAGANSETT TONGUE-Lesson 7 and 8 THE CHLDREN OF GTCHE M~MTOU.. ;. htpeqauftcn MKLESTONFS 1 SUNSE NEWS TEMS Keeper qf Records NARRAGANSETT KL BOX LFE As WE FND T Prncess Nashaxee7za HSTORY OF THE NDANS' RELGON.... Prncess Red Wng

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4 THE NARRAGANSETT DAWN THE NARRAGANSETT DAWN nut God ntended our relgon slould have grand claracterstcs of of cheyrfulness and happness; St. Paul struck the key note when he sad, "Rejoce evermore and agan T say. rejoce." And Paul could rejoce because he gave up hs relgon for Salvaton, when God met hm on hs way to Damascus. EAGLE EYE. CHURCH CELEBRATES "The Newman Congregatonal Church, of Run-ford. R.., recently crlebr:~ted ts two hundred and nneteth annversary. t was founded by Samuel Newman, the compler of the frst Englsh concordance. t s wd to he the only church stll n exstence bult upon land purchased from the ndans and whch preserves to ths day the orgnal qutclam deed sgned by Kng Phlp hmself and wtnessed by the crude narks of four ndan braves. t s proba1)ly the only church whch has exsted wthout movng under two natonal governments, two dfferent states and three dfferent towns. Three meetng houses have been used by the congregaton. One was bult n 1647, the second n 1718, and the thrd n 1810." Clpped from a booklet, sent n by ELLEN T. CHAMPLN. CHRSTAN NDAN HOMES On the Cnn's Hghway n the town of Char!estown s a lttle colony of three camps and three or four hol~ses, $1 owned by ndans. Two or three famles rescle there permanently and durng the summer the OCCUpants of tlcse camps enjoy fshng, bathng and boatng n tlle near by ponds, lakes and at the nany beaches n that vcnty. The old Johnson homestead on the hll s now awned by Dr. Geo. Jenkns of Phladelpha. Next n lne s the rvng Johnson place. Then the camp of Mr. and Mrs. Charles 1':. Johnson; on the hll aboke s the camp cf Mss sahel Bahcock of \'alley Falls, R.. Next s the cottage home of Mr. and Mrs. Charles E. Jollnson. rnd ;~stly, the camp of Dr. De Haven Hnkson of Phlaclelpha. On 1)eyond s the hone of frllam 0. Wlcox. Mr. and Mrs. Johnson own a tract of land whch has never left the possesson of the ndans. n 1880 ths land was owned by the Wlcox famly (Chef Pne Tree's) and waq not sold untl Mr..Johnson bought hs tract from hs uncle the late Nles Wlcox and bult the cottage n whch he now lves. Later Mr. and Mrs. Jolnson sold a lot to Dr. De -aven -Jnkson who bult a camp there for summer. The next year Mrs. Johnson's sster bought a lot and bult a camp. The Johnsons then remodeled ther barn nto a camp whch they let n the summer tme. Where the Wlcox home now stands was once an old factory called the Kng's Factory. The stone wall stll stands by the brook, but the factory s no more. Among the old Narragansetts, who once lved n that localty was Fanne Ammons, a strangely fearless woman who traveled where ever she 'pleased alone, day or nght. She lved alone on her own place. have heard ths story of her. "One dark nght she came to the Post Offce at Bradford (Nantc). A frend asked her f she were not afrad to go home alone. No1 she answered, wth a twnkly n her eye. te the bushes across the path be hnd me, so the wtches cannot follow me. Another wonderful old lady n-as Elzabeth Prmus, a cotsn of Mr. Charles E. Johnson. She ded n recent years at the age of 103. She was the grandmother of Chef Pne Tree. She was a devout Chrstan, a knd neghbor and frend to all. remember' her so well, a typcal ndan woman wth a knd face sttng sewng on her patchwork qults. Her smooth black har had only a torch of grey, although she had advanced age or more than a century. Elzabeth Prmus told of gong to see the frst tran on the N. Y., N. H, and Hartford Ral Road, when t came through that secton. She sad she was 15 years old at the tme. LSTEN TO THE MEDCNE MAN CHEF PNE TREE A FEAST FOR AN NDAN SCOUT f you are on an all day fshng trp be sure and carry along a few potatoes and some ndan corn meal. After you have caught a good mess of trout you are ready for dnner. Duld a campfre on a sunny sde hll. Prepaxe the corn cakes by strrng the meal wth cold water, make nto round cakes and place on a brch board and stand near the fre to crust over. Rcll the fsh n green leaves, rake the hot shes open place the fsh, potatoes and corn cakes nto the hot ashes and cover completely wth hot ashes and lve coals. hen le down and rest for an hour. When you awaken your dnner wll be ready. NDAN CORN Corn was mentoned n the October Dawn. Corn s the nlost wonderful gra.n n the hstory of the world. Sone of the thngs the ndans used corn for: ndan Corn nlay be cooked on the cob, parched, hulled, baked and ground nto meal, whch the ndans made nto porrdge, puddngs, cakes, corn bread and poultces.

5 THE NARRAGANSETT DAWN j THE NARRACANSETT DAWN THE SOUL OF THE NDAN A starless nght, a smoky fre, a totem pole, a shrekng cry, a mad dance,-s ths truly the only relgous atttude of the orgnal Amercan ndan? At least, ths s the vson that most people get when they thnk of the sprtual sde of the ndan lfe. But have you ever stopped to thnk that the ndan was not wholly wld, that he dd not always dance around a glastly fre, that he dd not usually eat human sacrfces, that he was not really a devl worshper? Dd you ever thnk that he had a real honest-to-goodness relgon and phlosophy of lfe? Many people beleve that the ndan had no true relgon; but ndeed, ther relgon passed from the lowest stages that are known to as hgh a stage as that of Chrstanty. The relgon of the ndan s one of the last thngs tlat the people of another race wll ever know aljout because the Red Man does not speak of such matters so long S : 11e beleves n them, whle racal and relgous prejudce keep h111 fro111 explanng them at other tmes. The deas tlat we have of the ndans' devoton, moreover, have. come to us through studes made durng the transton perod, when hs orgnal belefs and phlosophy were already rapdly dsntegratng. The ndan had many ratonal explanatons for hs relgous atttude; but lecause he made no separaton between hs relgous and hs daly lfe, one does not deem hs explanatons always entrely sat.sfactory. Through ~ature were all the mysteres of lfe solved for the ndan,-t mas the supreme nfluence n hs understandng of the Great Creator, called Mantou by hm. Soltary and slent amd the grandeur of the ~rmeval forests was the worsl~p of the Tndan. The growth of a tny seed, the abundance of food and herbs, the ran's prcscrvng hs crops,-all were the revelaton of the work of an unseen beng, a rreator. The sun, tle stars, moon, clouds,-- were not these Mantou's agents to speak to man? What need had the ndan for tenples and prests, snce he felt that he mght always meet the Great Sprt under the sun or the moonlt sky? What of the Bble of the ndan? The Chrstan and Mohammedan has hs; :znd lkewse the Red Man had hs,-a lvng book passed on from father to son, a mnglng of hstory, poetry, and pr:phecy, of prec-pt and of folk-lore. Many of hs legends, furthermore, closely resemble those n our 3hle, :l.tnong t,hem, tle story of the flood to purfy the earth,-ts sml;rty )eng 1)roken only n that Noah s replaced by a vrtuors ndan brave n :L ~rch-bark canoe, and the clove, by a muskrat that dr es tq the bottom of tle Hood and brngs up the earth. An sland sprn~s from the earth sprnkletl cn the wat.er hy the Rm.~e, and hs arrous when stvck nto the ground,ecol-e 1ra.n and woman--the ndan's st.rry c-f the flcod- 1s t not truly n.s feaskle a.s ours? n the Erst book of the Bble, we fnd Jacob talkng to hs sons sayjng,, ".Judah s a lon's whelp... Dan shall be a serpent by the way, a.n adder n the path." n these expressons we have word pctures clearly portrayng characterstcs of the dfferent trbes. t s kno~w that at ths early perod, sgnecant nanes and emblems were gven to ndvduals; yet, when one sees the sgn of an anmal on an ndan totem pole or hears an ndan called by the name of an anmal, one blurts, "Heathen". Do you ' thnk thss really far? The totemsm of the ndan, resemblng that of t,he ea.rly trbes n the old world, s a subject n whch one can make unlmted study, snce t s stll a mystery to-day. The sgn of the serpent, found n. many trbes, the cross whch so surprsed the conquerors of Mexco,-these, and many other symbols so rescmblc those of the other contnent, that t s a queston as to whether they were carred from one to the other..., n the lfe of the ndan Brave and the Maden, there are two ncdents whch hold untold nterest for me--frst the "Hn?nbeda?j," for the brave and the "Feast of the 'rgnv" for the maden. Tllesc are esplaned wt11 other ceremones n another ssue of the ATarrngatsett Damu." These ceremones go to prove the vrtues of the young ndans and ther understandng! of the great mysteres of lfe. The one nevtable duty of the ndan was that of prayer, whch was more necessary to hm than to eat. Before the mornng lght appeared entrely, he was out of hs wgwam offerng hs prayers alone. s wfe mght follow or precede hm, but never dd she accompany hm, for each soul met the Great Sprt alone. When food was beng prepared, a praycr was offered, and he, whdlater allowed t to pass between hs lps murmured, "Sprt partake." For each thng of beauty, seen durng the day, the ndan lkewse offered a prayer n hs slent realzaton of the Great Creator. The ndan had no specal day for worshp, snce to hm every day belonged to Mantou. That each and every ndan must rectfy the lls of hs trhc, mas the dea whch so brought about that sprt of brotherhood among tle Red Men, whch has never snce been equalled. The earlest legends stress ths frendshp even a=, far as the anmals were concerned. Every day vllage lfe revealed no one hungry or better clothed than another,--mdo~vs and orphans were cared for alke. Snce ther relgon forbade thc accumulaton of wealth, none felt hmself held back by the enjoyment of luxury. One of the fundamental concepts bearng on the relgous lfe of an ndvdual was the belef n the exstence of magc power whch mght nfluence or be nfluenced by hs actvty. Certanly, there s no more famlar fgure n the hstory of the ndan than the "Medcne Rfan". \vlo sought help from ths magc power. ndescrrnnately however. everythng that the ndan held sacred has been called "medcne" n the sense of mystery and magc. n realty, as a doctor, he was orgnally very adrot. He had a great knowledge of herbs and baths, and could also set

6 THE NARRAGANSETT DAWN bones; but surgery was never practsed n any form. Because of hs personal magnetsm, the medcne man often healed through mental or sprtual nfluence,-a sort of prmtve psycho-therapy.. THE ROQUOS TEMPERANCE LEAGUE And after death, what of the soul of the ndan? Entrely consstent wth hs character and phlosophy s the atttude of the ndan towards death. Snce death held no terrors for hm, he sought only an honorable one often courtng t n battle. Belevng that he must sacrfce all personal beauty and adornment n hs show of love for the deceased, the ndan certanly made hs outward sgns of mournng more convncng than those of the whte man. The gashng of hs arms, the blackenng of hs body, the cuttng of hs har-all showed hs relaton to the dead. Every trbe had ts dfferent metlods of bural, but all are equallytouchng Certanly the ndan never doubted the mmortalty of the soul, but nether dd he care to speculate about ts condton n future lfe. The early ndan was content to beleve that the sprt whch the Great Mantou breathed nto man returned to Hm who gave t, and pervades nature everywhere, often lngerng near the grave to console ts frends. The dea of a ''happy huntng ground" s modern and probably nvented or borrowed by some whte man. Ths s only one of the many false deas conceved by the whte man about the ndan whch have been lavshly accepted by the world. Nevertheless, t s true that the acton of the ndan after the appearance of the whte man were alarmngly dfferent from ther prevous ones. Cruelty and barbarty darkened the sky of the ndan, but no wonder, wth the ntroducton of the new "fre water," and brght artcles whch so attracted hs fancy, that he would almost gve hs lfe to obtan them. The frst nlssonares n that early age of bgotry branded the ndan as a pagan and a devl worshper and declared hs lfe lost unless he bowed at ther altars. But we of ndan blood of to-day are proud of the Fath of our ancestors n our realzaton thft all sncere worshp can have but one source and goal. see my forefather at sunset, hs bronze body, beautfully shadowed by the sun's fallng rays, n the atttude of prayer. feel he s worshpng after all-the same Creator as. As far back as a century ago the Chrstan ndans of New York State were brought face to face wth the fact that ntoxcatng drnk was a defnte menace to ther race. Accordngly, Feb. 1832, a small band of Chrstan ndans met n conference on the Tuscarora Reservaton where they banded themselves together nto a Temperance Socety. Fronl that small begnnng the movement spread to other reservatons of the state where other socetes were formed as a defnte expresson to oppose the spread of tle drnk evl. Later a Tenlperancc League was formed among tle Sx Natons of ndans. Seven such lodges are n exstence to-day among these ndans, wth a membershp of more than a thousand Chrstans who steadfastly have sought to curtal the use of what s co~nmonly named "fre water". Through the years the fnest type of ndans has supported ths movement, and the leadershp of the present Grand Lodge and local lodges s from the ranks of the hghest type of manhood and womanhood avalable. Each lodge has a monthly sesson, some lodges havng a set date on whlch to meet, such as the full moon or the frst Tuesday n each month. Tls regularty of gettng together fosters a fne communty sprt ant1 makes for contnuous movement forward wth enthusasm and well ordered programs. The polcy of other years has undergone some changes but only to meet changed condtons. Prom the earlest ncepton the appeal was evangelstc and ths method was especally effect1.e untl recent years when the natve preacher and exhorter gradually faded from promnent leadershp. Accounts of some of the regular meetngs tell of eght sermons that were preached by natve spokesmen n one evenng. The present polcy has shaped tself nto that of educatonal and socal adjustment. The tradtonal usage of openng every meetng wth the readag of scrpture and prayer has been retaned as a part of the dutes of the Chaplan of the lodge, whle the major burden of the program s devoted to constructve dscussons on farm projects, educatonal topcs, and n dramatzng plays, t s not unusual for these lodges to have as guest speakers men and women of promnence from the state co1leg;e and from tle local educatonal centers. A chamcterstc feature of ths organzaton s the lonc lfe and contnued strength, whch may well he attrbuted to the fact that t s the only organzed movement among the ndans whch they can call ther own, where leadershp, ntntve, and fnancal support come entrely fro111 natve ranks. The feelng that they are fghtng a real and defnte evl s not wthout a forre also.

7 THE NARRACANSETT DAWN THE 'NARRACANSETT DAWN The resdent mssonares have all been frendly to the local lodges and strange as t may seem, most of them have recognzed the mportance of keepng n the background n so far as dctatng polcy s concerned. Ther greatest contrbuton s not n ther much speakng or conspcuoas leadershp, but rather n supplyng that dynamc sprtual touch whch fnds tself n transformed lves. One of the ndan leaders recently remarked, "The natonal prohbton amendment to the consttuton, n embryo, may eaqly be traced back to a small band of Chrstan ndans who joned ther hearts together to make battle aganst ths moral and socnl gant known as "fre Water". For a century and more, excessve ndulgence on the part of ndans everywhere has been a retardng, degradng, and kllng evll More than that, t s a tenacous, unrelentng menace and paraste, even n ths age of enlghtenment. t s to the lastng credt of ths loyal group of Chrstan ndans that, thro~~gh the years and aganst nnny odcls. they saw n a vson, and have steadfastly sought. the complete eradcaton of strong drnk from ther race and from the face of the earth. On the frst Tuesday n October occurs the annual conventon. Ths mportant gatherng s held one year on one reservaton, the next on another, n rotaton, untl the fve reservatons play host. Ths has been the cycle for a hundred years and the event s the rallyng call for the Chrstans of all the Churches. Regular delegates are apponted by each lodge wth expenses pad, though many others from the varous reservatons attend and partcpate n the dscussons. t s not uncolnmon for a tho~sand ndans to be n attendance for the four days the annual conventon s n sesson and the reservaton playng host never fals to outdo tself n provdng entertanment. The homes are freely opened for vstors and everybody makes generous contrb~tcns of eatables to the common table at noon and evenng. t s on such occasons as ths that the vtal racal trats of generosty and hosptalty come to full bloom. Besdes the many busness sessons, perods devoted to educatonal features, dramatcs, socal gatherngs an& sports whch make up the conventon program, one evenng, s gven over to a grand muscal contest. Muscans from every trbe n the state gather and brnp wth them varous nstruments; these are assembled nto a musng brass band; quartets, choruses. and solosts make merry and enlven the program. As many as thrty selectons are rendered on ths evenng and 11 P. M. s an early hour to close. t s a happy dscovery by the founders of ths organzaton that good musc cleanseth thc mpurtes of the heart. Talents are put to ther best lsc :rntl t s wt11 prde and satsf:cton that the far vsoned rnemt,ers of Lhc race lstcn :~ud wth rch nsght survey the even gwster p0ssl)ltes ant1 potentaltes yet uptapped. The Centennd Celehmton of the fo~~nrlng of the roquos Temperance.engue \\-ns held on the Cattamugus Resor,v,ton early n October n Bore than 86,000 ndans attended the sessons of the conventon \nd t' s noteworthy to menton all sessons were conducted n Englsh. All advertsements pror to the meetng n all the tlbes were n the lhglsh language. The leadershp and program was n the hands of a competent executve commttee of natve, cultured, college bred, men and women; 2,800 meals were served the vstors by the women hostesses; one hundred homes were opened for entertanment purposes; the entre program was fnanced by the ndans; and orderlness was characterstc throughout. Jn the meetng were Onodagas, Senecas, Mohawks, Cayugas, Onedas, and Tuscaroras; and representng these trbes were students or former students of Cornell Unversty, Syracuse. Prnceton. Nagara; others were graduates of Carlsle, Hampton, and Elaskell nsttute. To anyone who s a tred frend of the ndan, and to the ndan hmself, who has a slent prde n the advance of ts people, ths celebraton was a huge success. The nfluence of tle Chrstan gospel was wrtten n large letters, for not only was dgnty and pose n evdence but on every hand one cc~uld sense the presence of a progressve and bouyant sprt wvhch cannot but develop a sense of securty n a conlplex socnl order. Here then s a people \vho have n record of a handred years' warfare aganst a recognzed evl. What wll the record of the next century be? THE CHALLENGE The challenge then to tle Chrstan Church s to help the ndan people to develop nto responsble and dependable Chrstan Arl~rcan ctxns wthout destroyng the worthy trats of character and culture whch are ther hertage. NARRAGANSETT TONGUE LESSONS 7 AND 8 We fnd a great nterest s growng among our readers, n our Narragansett Tongue and we wll n tme try to answer the many questons sent n to us. The Narragansetts had a well developed language' of pleasant sounds. When they began learnng the Englsh, they looked for pleasant soundng and meanng words. "What Cheer", they combned for a greetng. And to-day, even though t s 300 yenre old t s n delghtful snlutat~on. These words are ~nucl used and co~n~llercalzed n R.. and have become a part of her hstory. Several have nqured for the words meanng, "Good-bye". "Goodbye" sn't as popular as ''TVhat Cheer" because when whte man came there the was no Good-bye. He stad. Nevertheless we have found a few farewell sayngs. One very solemn word for Good-bye was "Nkquenum", meanng, am gong home to see about my famly. Ths was a fnal farewell

8 ;; THE- NARRAGANSETT DAWN and a host never detaned one even n a frendly way. "Hawunshech" s a common farewell. Nummanchemmn means wll be gong. Here a frendly host would nsst that he stay another day, sayng, perllapq, "Sanop cummancl~emn, "meanng, you shall go to-morrow. Another queston sent n was, "'How about the eats? When travel n a foregn country, the frst thng, learn s the name of ther foods. so can call on for what want to eat." To answer ths we have arranged a lttle dnner party of a pleasant host and hostess wth 10 guests, of another trbe, who drop n hungry and thrsty. They greet the host l)leasnntly, lay gfts before the llostess and wat to be welcomed and asked to be seated. A guest never sts untl asked. HOST-Tauwhch nepou weeye on?,(why stand ye?) Mattapah ~oteg. Awasssh. (Come st by tle bla.ze and warm ye.) Eenantou~ash? (Do you speak our tongue?).,., GUEST-Nux. (Yes.) Nppenowantawen (But ' am of another.. tongue.)..... HOST-YO cowsh. (Please do lodge here.),. GUE~T-lCukkouretous. (We wll lodge wth you.) HOST-Teaqu.wlrmmech? (What wll you eat?) GVEST--Nccawkatone. ( am thrsty.) Mannppeno? (Have you no water?) Mpewese? (Gve me some water?) HOST-!k~mtch, Commetestm~nn. (Stay, ;you must eat' frst.) N6kehc.k. (Here s parched meal), aupum~nneanash.(and par~hed cprn). Teagunkutte manuch? (What meat wll dwss for you?),.. Grr~s~--Mateaug keest:mano? (s there nothng ready boled?) Nqutchetaummn? (Let me taste t?) The hostess brngs on the food and the host asks hs guest to draw near whle le asks tle blessng. They never ate~wthout frst askng the Great Sprt to bless the food and contnue.ther mantenance. HOST--Pnu pock (partrdge), Koosqum (or deer)? GUEST-Cotchekunnern wee yous (cut me some meat), numwautous! (fll my dsh) mooskn.(\vth young fawn)., HOST-Pul.ruckqunnegunas1 puttuckqu? (Wll you. have some round hard bread or ca.ke?).....,,. GUEST-NUS, ~ot~hckc~~ assamme. (Yes, cut ne a pece of the loaf.) HosT-N:~~:Lu~? (Tlvc meal Porrdge),' ' 'Weekan.. (t s: sweet). GUEST-(Grunts for No.), HOST-Tawhtch mat me choan? (Why eat you,notst?),. ',. GUEST-Wr~ssaume kusopta? (t's too hot?) " :',.,. HOST-Rla teag mecho ewo. (-e eats. nothng.). Gv~s~rletesttuck. (Let us all eat together.).,. 1 THE NARRAGANSETT DAWN HOST-(To others.) Moosqum wetomocl~ck? (Young fawn, my frends?) Paupock, (partrdge), wuskowhan (wld pgeon), takwahason (squrrel), anekus (ground squrrel), wequash (and swan). Neemat, numnwautous (my brothers, fll your dshes). HOST-(To hs squaw) Pautous notatam? (Gve me the drnk?) SQUA~V-Saunqu np. (t s cool water.) (Ths she whspers to the host.) GUMT-Sokensh. (Pour t.) Cosaume sokenumms. (Careful, you have poured too much.) ~ N D GuEsT----~u~~ chetash? (Gve me a taste?) ~ R D Gu~s~--Pautous notatam? (Gve me a drnk?) ~ T H Gu~svAcqure waumatous. (Do not drnk t all.) ~ T H Gu~~~-M~unnancattup. ( am very hungry.) GTH GUEST-Ncattup, assamme. ( am hungry, gve me somethng to eat.) Hosw(To squaw) Pautunnea meclmucks? (Brng hther more vctuals?) SQUAW-(Softly to her brave) Chawhesn (t s stll warm), manusqussedash (beans) rnsckquatash (and boled whole corn). HOST--Puttuckqunnege (The cake) taubotne anawaycau ( thank you) (whspers to hs squaw) Cowammaus (You are lovng) SQUAW-(Shyly, smlng, whspers) Nowautam ( understand you) GUEST TO HOSTESS--Taubot mequam namean (1 thank you for your knd remembrance). HOST-Nckquenum ( am gong to) puck (smoke) GUEST NO. '2-Nppucks (smoke troubleth me) askenog rusles ( wll play at cards) And so frends meet, eat, smoke'and socalze. THE CHLDREN OF GTCHE MANTOU Gay Head people, of whom there are no natve born who do not pomess Tndan blood. have lved n what the colonst termed "Englshbult louses" for centures. Wgwn~ls dd esst, a few generatons ago, but they had long snce become unpopular for varous reasons. But that the love for out-of-door lfe, the prmtve customs and rugged pleasures stll lve n these people cannot be doubted wvlen a Cranberry Dny scene s beheld. Last month one of these holdays was abserved by tle people n the ndan town of Gay Head. Educated though they are and enlghtened, on ths holday they become once more the smple chldren of

9 THE NARRAGANSETT DAWN THE NARRAGANSETT DAWN the Mantou, who sends the crop of cranberres, and ther demonstraton of a wholesome pleasure, reveal a thankfulness for the bounty. No one knows any more about these bogs than the ndan there. The cranberres are wld, sown by natural forces or the hand of Mantou for hs.chldren. Stuated between Mcnemsha Pond and Vneyard Sound, n low lows between lofty sand dunes, the bogs are flooded naturally by surface water and seepage from the sprngs that protect the vnes from frost and cold. Storm wnds sweepng across the dunes shower the bogs wth sand, coverng the sol among the vnes wth a p:recson that cannot be excelled by human skll or mechancal nventon. The fact that anmals lke rabbts and domestc cattle roam over ths desolate secton of the sland, eat all the weeds or other vegetatons that may chance to grow. Thus the bogs are cleared and scarcely any other vne can be found on these bogs. Through many centures, ndans have harvested these berres wthout lftng a hand to help ncrease the crop or ad the cultvaton of the vnes. They beleve that these cranberres were planted, mantaned, and delvered by the hand of Provdence and that they are truly the gft of Mantou. Here ndan tradton stll lves and the old custom of harvestng s stll carred out. There a cranberry agent apponted by government, at present,a Mr. Janes Cooper. The orgn of ths offce s a survval of an old trbal practce n whch an eldery brave was apponted to guard the bogs and advse the people when to harvest. The agent possesses consderable authorty, but seldom hns occason to use t, for no one would thnk of volatng hs regulatons whch s nherted respect for trbal rule and vested authorty nstlled by ancent cheftans. Ths year, James Cooper apponted October 15th as Cranberry Day. The whole town turned out. The annual harvestng of the wld berres s a survval of the ancent trbal customs datng back to centures before the whte man catle. Accordng to custon, ths year all busness n town was suspended, and the school closed. so everybody could go to the bogs and harvest hs rghtful s11a.re of the berres. Tley turned out as usual, takng measures and contaners of all sorts. Everybody had ther lunch. Some went n ox carts, some n machnes and some on foot. The roads to the bogs were flled very early n the mornng wth men and chldren, laughng, talkng, sngng on ther wa.y to pck cranberres. On the edge of the bog the ea.rlp arrvals aw~ted the sgnal to begn to pck, whch was gven by the agent at nne a. m. Most of the people stay all day and at noon all pause for lunch, gathered :tbout small campfres. Everybody s happy, shoutng, laughng and havng a wonderful tme. Ths year the crop was lght due to work that has been done on the bogs durng the past year. Ths s the f rst t~re th:t any work has ever been done to enlarge or mantan tl~esc wlt1 hngs, and t was not expected by the agent that tho.benefts therefrom would be :ppa.rent before next year. But n spte of the fact all departed hon:e feelng they has spent and enjoyable day, beneatl~ / autumn sky, n trbal style on old Gay Head. n ths custom of the p~esent! day people of Gay Head may be truly traced the characterstcs of the orgnal ndans of ths sland, the nfluence of early mssonares, and the natural sprt of neghborlnes that exsts among descendants of the braves of ancent days. t s because of that nherent feelng anlong them that nan s responsble for hs brother's well beng that the general publc has always been welcome to come and pck n these wld bogs. The early pcker always leave some that late ones rnay fnd some when they arrve! and wll not have come n van. MLESTONES KNEW NDAN LORE... Mrs. Mary A. C. Vanderhoop s dead. -&h. Mary A. Cleggett Vanderhoop, wdow of the late Edwn D. 1 Vanderlloop of Gay Head, Mass., former representatve n the state legslature, ded on Monday, October 6th, at the home of her daughter, Mrs. Nanetta Madson, n New Bedford, Mass. Mrs. Vanderhoop spent the / last 4 years n New Bedford. She was 78 years old and durng her lqnq lfe at Gay Head had shared the dstncton of her hushand, the state's frst ndan legslator, and had also won a reputaton n her own rght as 1 an authorty and wrter on ndan subjccts. Vstors from all over the world vsted the Vanderhoop home and drew upon her knowledge of Gay Head and of the ndans. there. Mrs. Vanderhoop was born n Pennsylvana, but early n lfe renoved to Wsconsn. She came from old ndan stock. Followng her graduaton from Lawrence College she taught n schools n the south\vest and n Arkanses met and marred Mr. Vanderhoop. Wth hm she lved. tm-o years n Arkansas before returnng to Gay Head. -Ter hstory s a standard. When shc came to Gay end, Mrs. Vanderhoop devoted a great deal of tme to the hstory and trbal tr:~dtons of Gay Head. Her knowledge of ndan lore elsewhere enabler! her to sngle out the c11ara.cterstcs of the Gay Head ndans whch were unque or ndvdual. She wrote much for publcaton, and her hstory of the Gay Head ndans s a standard of reference for scholars. For fve years she served as post' mstress of Gay -cntl. Mr. \'anderhoop. a Cvl War veteran ded a lttle more than ten years ago. Mrs. Vandqrhoop s survved!? two sons, Davd F.. and Leonard?., both pronnent n town nuars at Gay Head and by three da~~glters, Mrs. B. C. H.:lyson, 31:~s. Na.poleon Madson, and Blss 'nulne \'anderoop of 13aton. A sster Mss A. K. Cleggett of New York, also survves her. We have been advsed that the body was cremated.

10 THE NARRAGANSETT DAWN THE NARRAGANSETT DAWN Mrs. Lucy A. Nles dead. Mrs. Lucy Ann (Sambo) Nles, who ded at her home, 257 Warwck Ave., Apponaug, R.., on October l2th, 1936, traced her genealogy from the North cngstown records back to late seventeenth century. Ch-stopher and Eunce Sambo of Cocumcussoc of Narragansett and Negro blood were her drect ancestors. Prom later famly records were found proof that male members served as solders of the Colored regment who fought so bravely n the Revolutonary War. The famly home of that. branch was n Potowmut, near the headquarters of Colonel Chrstopher Green of Revolutonary fame. Lucy Ann Sambo Nles was born, March 28th, 1846, n Wanvck, R.., the daughter of Henry E. Sambo and Mary Ann (Sweet) Sambo. She marred September 25th, 1869, Danel W. G. Nles, a Cvl War solder who served n the 14th R.. Heavy Artlery regment. Danel Nles who ded Aprl 12, 1901 was tle son of Sanmuel Nles a Narragasett ndan who was the drect descendeant af th Rev. Samuel Nles famous ndan preacher, who graduated from Harvard College n He later became a Mssonary, establshng churches n Wsconsn for the ndans. Mrs. Nles s survved by two daughters, Lule Nles Fsher and Mss Basy A. Nles of Apponaug, R.. She was a dcvoted wfe and mother, lved a true Chrstan lfe and was beloved by all who knew her. The Narragansett Trbe sends condolence to Mrs. Lule Fsher and Mss Masy Nles. SUNRSE NEWS TEMS by THE KEEPER OF RECORDS 25,000 Watched Parade OF Drum Corps And Saw Revew and Contest. OCTOBER 92, 1935-Colorfol spectacle staged n Woonsocket, 1%. T., wth 1,eut. arold P. Flynn Post as Host. Spectators were dazzled by the brght and colorful customs. Aeral bombs started off the parade and greeted the processon as t arrved at Barry Feld. Mayor Felx A. Toupn personally welcomed the guests and occuped a seat on the revewng stand throughout the entre contest. There were 26 unts of Drum and Bugle Corps from all over New England ncludng our own Ranbow Corps from WakeFjeld. lookng pretty grand n ther brgl~t blue unforms wth gold brad. They were twenty n number wth Charles Hazard of R.. State College, the Drum Major, who was credted,zs beng the tallest and most outstandng drum major n the parade. There were dstngushed vstors from Mass., Conn., and R.. Trophes galore ~wre cont.rl)uted by Woonsocket merchants and organsl a t' ons and ndvtll!als of the state and cty for competng muscans. The Ranbow Corps of Wakefeld, R.. won the New England Coal Company trophy for the best plan drum dvson. The. outstandng feature of.the day was the exhbton drll by the R. b. Mannng Post corps of Hudson Bgass.,, natonal champon of , Mr. and Alrs. Clfford Guy of Calhoun Ave., Provdence have a son horn last month... Mother and chld are dong well and the trbe send greetngs: Prncess Red Wng of Seven Crescents, n a two hour conference at the offces of the Amercan ndan Entcmrscs, n New York, made a specal appeal for the recognton of the Narragansett Trbe of ndans of R.. Chef Drector, George D. Jordan, a Mohawk, lstened attentvely to tlle Narragansett Hstoran and pron~ses tle Nnrragansetts hs carehl consderaton n hs future plans, for a natcn wde publcty campagn n the nterest of ndan Educaton, the revsng of ndan Hstory, and a publc srllool syllabus of the Amercan ndan n states where t does not already exst. Mrs. Sade Barre of 7% Toll Gate Road, Apponaug, R.. and Mrs. Mnne Steele of 179 Mneral Sprng Ave. Pawvtucket attended tle ndan Conference of Amerca's 18th Annual Amercan ndan Day, recently held at the ndan Reservaton n nwood Rll Park, New York Cty. Mrs. Barre reports that thousands of people attended tlle exercses. Narragansett lades from Westerly, Wakefeld, Bradford, Charlestown and Peacedale met at the home of Mrs. Abby Perry n Usquepaug, R.. on Thursday. evenng, November 7th and formed a club to be known as the "Narragansett Lades Helpng and." Offcers elected for 6 nlontls were Charlady, Mss Nette Davs of Charlestown, Treasurer, Mrs. Stella Babcock of Bradford, Secretary, Mrs. Anne Brown of Peacedale. The next meetng wll be held at the home of Mrs. G. E. Twst, 22 N~adow hve. \\'akefeld, R., on the evenng of December 4th. Clef Clearwater, "Horato Seymour Stanton", our Narragansett ndan Gude reports that he s havng a successful season huntng. Dr. Baron Barston of Boston, Mass. wth Chef Clearwater were the frst hunters to shoot a par of wld geese n Rhode sland ths year on October 23rd. On October 2lst and 22nd Chef Cleanvatcr acted as gude for Rlr. and Mrs. Sanborn of New York Cty on a duck hunt; they bagged a total of 28 ducks... Sunda." and Armstce Day, Chef Clearwater was gude for Mr. E. H. Perce of Vesterly, R.., on a very successful partrdge hunt Accordng to Chef Clearwater's prophesy, by the old ndan sgns we are gong to have an open wnter, wt11.a very lttle zero weather.

11 THE NARRACANSETT DAWN The Women's Socety at the Frst Baptst Church, North Man St. provdence wll present Prncess Red Wng and her class of chldren on a program for the Natve Mssons of the Cakotas. Red Wng has nvted Rev. Albert Thomas, a young Narragansett, mnster, to assst her and Chef Pne Tree the Medcne man of the trbe to gve a demonstraton of hs rtuals. The chldren wll gve a demonstraton of sgn readng n dalogue and song. The theme of the program wll be "Pck Up Another Stck and Put t On the Fre;" andtwll be Tuesday, December 3rd, at 2:30 p. m. Mss Josephne Wlcox of John St. Westerly, gave a -allowe'en Party October 25th. She was asssted by Mss Marjore Dove and Mss Naom Payerweather. The roolns were prettly dccorated wth black and orange streanlers werd and ghastly lookng skeletons greeted you as you entered. Mss Margaret Rhodes of Wakefeld receved Erst prze as the best dressed grl. Herbert Hopkns of Charlestown receved second prze as the fun~~est dressed person. Games and dancng was enjoyed by all. Refreshments were served at eleven o'clock. There were about thrty guests present. Mr. and Mrs. Lews Wlcox of the Ashaway Road had as dnner guests Thursday nght November 7th, Mss Dorothy Greenwood of Provdence, Mr. and Mrs. Frank Babcock, Mss Gladys Babcock and Mr. Henry -opkns of Tonaquag, R.. Mrs. Charles Babcock celebrated her brthday Sunday November 4th by servng a buffet supper to a large number of frends. Mrs. Babcock was the recpent of many beautful gfts also the best wshes of the followng for many happy brthdays. Mrs. Rachel Peckham, Mrs. Maron Brown, Mss Hope Noyes, Mss Sally Noyes and Chester Brown of Westerly, R.. Clfford Jones cf Stonngton, Conn. Henry Hopkns, Mrs. Stella Babcock and Mss Gladys Babcock of Bradford, R.. Mr. and Mrs. Henly Babcock and Thomas Babcock of Alton. Mrs. Courtland Stanton and famly of Charlestown. Mr. and Mrs. Freeman, Mr. and Mrs. Walter Greene and Mrs. Ada Anderson of Boston. Mass. Mr. and Mrs. Theodore Brown, Mrs. Grace Twst, Mrs. tovalto, Mss Esther Brown and Mr. Chrstopher Noka of Wakefeld, R.. Mrs. Mnne Steele, Mrs. Monroe and Mr. Y. \Yllams of Provdence. R.. hfr. and Mrs. Lansng, Mss Lulu Selzer and Mrs. Sarah Harrs of NON. ch, Conn. The Narragansett Socal Club gave a Harvest Dance, Monday evenng November 18th at the Shannock Memoral Hall n Shsnnock, R.. Musc by Rll Harrs and hs Rhythm Eoys from the Twn Elm Country Club was enjoyed by a goodly number. Mss Gladvq Bahcock, s charman of the Commttee and Theodore Brown was Floor Mnnager, asssted by -en y Hopkns, Anta 13al)cock and Fred Mchael.! THE NARRACANSETT DAWN OKMULGEE, OKLA.-Doctors C. M. Mng and W. C. Vernon revealed to-day that a baby grl was born wth 2 fully developed lower front teeth October 12th. The nfant daughter of Mr. and Mrs. John Mller, s now cuttng 2 upper teeth, they sad. Mrs. Mller s a Snohonsl~ ndan. Her husband s a Creek., About 122 guests of all ages from R.., Conn., Mass., and N. Y., attended the Hallowe'en party of Prncess Red Wng at the home of her mother, the Applehll House, Oakland, R.. t was "Ole Tmers' Nte" on the farm and nearly every one was dressed for the occason, makng a very pretty scene. The sweet old fashoned dresses, tea gowns, frocks, frock coats tuxedos and trousers seemed to ft well n the 150 year old house whose roons have rung wth the hearty laughter of old nen, and the merry chatter of young folks for several generatons. The "sprt of the gay nnetes" walked abroad and Mss Naom Payerweather lookng so slent and demure n he1 danty black satn trmmed wth ahte satn and black heads was awarded the frst prze, whle Walter Peek who raded hs Grandmother's attc won the second prze. He was perfectly ncognto to the whole group. He had hs great-grandmother's black polka-dotted ruffled skrt wth a whte lace jacket long whte gloves, bussels front and back, black hat wth red cherres that belonged to hs grcat-aunt and carred her umbrella and hand bag. Mrs. Mary Johnson of Croqses Rlls took the "cake" for beng the funnest character, as a poor old farmer. The house was decked up to prod~~ce the proper atmosphere, and the young folks furnshed the musc and entertanment. The guests brought many donatons of sandwches, cakes, salads, apples, candy, nuts and cder. Tndans, whte people, colored people all met under one roof on a socal level. All races enjoy the assocaton of Prncess Red Wng and her monderful Mother and her famly: and her partes are always very popular and long remembered for the dgnfed characters. ther humorol~s young, the laughng chldren, and the good Chrstan cheer that abqes under the roof of Applehll House. Mr. John C. Fast Deer Hll, 105 years old Mohawk ndan voted ths fall n New York Cty at Publc School 33, 418 W. 28th Street. He was the 143 voter and sgned the regster wth a frm hand. Hll was born on October ljth, 1830, near Cooperstown, N. Y., and lves n a small room on the top floor of 304 W. 28th Street. At 9:30 on the mornng he voted le found sttng on the edge of hs bed sppng orange juce. He dd not know how long he had been votng, but t was ever snce the ndan were enttled to vote. When questoned about the Roosevelt admnstraton he sad, "That's too deep for me." He sad that James J. Walker "s the knd of mayor lke". He saw the homecomng recepton for Walker last week. hut mas fatgued by the rmwd. Hll s a vegetaran. e breakfasts on oranges and hread and s fond of spnach. He wrtes poetry accasonally and sleeps on a board wrapped n a blanket and placed on a mattress.

12 !. THE NARRAGANSETT DAWN : THE NARRACANSETT DAWN U. T. Carter, Jr. who was one of the boys from R.. State that war ' kdnapped by Conn. State C ollege has been returned to hs dormtory safe ' 1 and sound and reports they were treated royally by ther captors. They were sent out by ther boys to recover the ram the school's mascot., ' The Edtoral Staff wsh to thank those who have already donated to the Red Wng Chrst~nas Fund for a brght and happy Chrstmas party for lttle Narragansett chldren and aged and wll prnt a full report of the party n a future ssue. NARRACANSETT' MAL BOX BOX OAKLAND, R.. \ Ths month's mal box covered a wde call from Hstorcal Socetes. 1 We were proud to add the name of Dr. A. M..Toxzer, Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, Harvard Unversty to our malng lst along wth the Rhode sland Hstorcal Socety, Provdence, The Wyomng Hstorcal and Geologcal Socety of Wlkes-Rarre, Penn., The State Hstorcal Socety of Wsconsn, Madson, Ws., Haskell nsttute, Lawrence, Kansas, Publc Lhrary at Allerton, owa, and Hnverhll, Mass., The New Mexco Assocaton on ndan Affars, Sante &, The ndan Councl Fre of Chcago, ll., and The New'York Publc Tbrary, Ffth Ave. and 42nd St. New York Cty. People who wsh to use the Narragansett Dawn as referencc'wll fnd t at these places. Mrs. Elane Coodale Eastman sends a note wth an enclosed crcular on her book, "Prat.t: The Red Man's Moses". Ths book on,ndan Educaton may be ordered for T3.00 from t,he Unversty of Oklahoma Press, Norman, Okla. or from the author at 1% Brght St., Northampton, MRSS. Mrs. Eastman's nterest n ndan lfe and educaton began n 1883, when she became a member of the faculty n the ndan department of Hampton nsttute, Va. She later organzed a successf!~l comm~nty day scloo for the Soux n Dakota Terrtory, served as the frst supervsor of ndan educaton for the U. S. n 1890, and wth Dr. Charles Eastman, whom she marred n 1891, taught at Cnrlsle ndan School. She s the author of several works of fcton, a book of poetry, and books dealng mth the Anlwcan ndan. ' LFE AS WE FND T Ever and ever we seem to see Panful thngs that shouldn't be Want and msery hurt and woe And we wonder why lfe should treat us so. Ever and ever some ugly thng Rses to set us shudderng And somethng whspers we must endure, The sgllts and sores whch we can not cure. Queston not why such thngs should be f at tmes lfe treats us shabbly And whether s rght or wrong the blow Wll never be gven to us to know. Never we'll change t so 'twll stay Long years after we've gone away Always whle on ths earth we'll see Terrble thngs that shouldn't be Stll there 's somethng that we can do Watchful be of yourself least you Add one more sorrow whch shouldn't be To those whch now we so planly see. And make sure as we go along That we add nothng to ths world's wrong. f lfe s cruel as many fnd We should show pty and be knd. PRNCESS NASHAWEENA. HSTORY OF: THE NDAN'S RELGON by PRNCESS RED WNG The subject of "The Hstory of the ndan's Relgon," makes a beautful story, because t goes nto every phase cf hs daly lfe. He dd not pack t nto one hour on Sunday. We who are collectng and preservng the hstory of the ndan from hs own unwrtten book, fnd that hs relgon was a true and deep understandng of the Creator of a11 thngs, A Good Spr, wth an evl sprt to combat. They sought, they found and solved the mysteres of lfe through nature. They heard the unsung musc and fashoned ther hearts to ts tune. They sensed the unspoken verse and all lfe to them was a poem. They felt the oneness wth an unseen God. The ndan could put forth hs hand and touch the lovely flowers, not made by man; he could cut down the mghty trees whch swayed n the breeze unaded by man. He learned centures ago that herbs and roots, barks and berres, soothed and

13 THE NARRACANSETT DAWN THE NARRACANSETT DAWN sustaned lfe. All these were wonderful to hm. Hs seeds placed n the ground turned nto frut for hs mantenance. t was the work of an unseen beng, a Creator, who should be pleased and prased. They beleved one so mghty to create could destroy f they dspleased Hm. They knew the anmals, understood ther lfe and some hdden nstnct taught them the apprecaton of t. But man could master the most ferce of anmals, because they ~~nderstood ther trats, haunts and could reckon ther matng tme. The fur on the foxes' backs told them of the forthcomng season., They lstened to the wnds whch brought relef n summer, the snow, hal and storms n wnter. They understood t and man could protect hmself from t. They could protect themselves from the sun, whch was also ther grea.t gft from the Creator. No! They fgured, a11 these thngs are not God. Man cannot hde. hmself from Mantou. These are the works of Mantou for the good of man. They looked 111) to the sky, and sad the habtaton of the Good Sprt must be above the brght blue, for He s hgh above the earth and all thngs about the earth. The sun, the moon, the wnds are all the Good Sprt's ways of speakng to man. The vegetaton, the anmals and mnerals are hs ways of feedng and carng for man wthout showng Hmself drectly. And so, to the old ndan of these parts, He was Mantou, %dwellng n the skes. hgh above all thngs, all powerful, the Good Sprt, who asssted them n the hereafter. Down solnewhere under the earth dwelt the evl sprt and hs agents. The ndans were very sncere n ther belef that f they dd not please, worshp, prase, fear. and trust the Good Sprt, they would leave a locp hole for the agents of the evl splrt. They beleved the wages of sr1 were death tllrough the evl sprt. Amerca's great nature poet touched a true cord n the ndan's fath when he wrote: "So lvc that when thy summons come To jon tlat nnumerable caravan Whch moves to that nlysterous realm Where each shall take up hs place n the quet chambers of death Go tho11 nol, lke a quarry slave At nght, scoorged to hs dungeon 3ot lke one soothed and sustaned 13). an unfal terng trust, approach thy grave T,kc lc who wraps hs couch covers about hm A~tlcs town to plcssant dreams." t was from the keen understandng of nature that ths poet wrote; and t was dcep understandng of the great ssues of lfe that the ndan of l011g ago, fnlnd hs unfalterng truct n the Great Sprt. Ther fath not only sootled sustaned, but t called forth the hest that a man could gve to lfe, n order to obtan the best tlat lfe could gve to hm. They prded thenlselves on beng strong of character and muscle, hrave n danger and wse n the knowledge of the elements. The younger generaton worked to ths end. As very young chldren, they were taught, to be strong of character, one does not le or rob hs brother, or break a promse; to be strong of muscle, he must take care of hs body and mnd hs det. Very young they learned what a grand thng t was to be hrave and thus through common sense protect hmself aganst dangers. They were gven heads and trnkets for deeds of bravery and words of wsdom. 'arents glored n the slnartness of a youngster, who learned a good name was earned by workng for t. \Vhkn a boy was about 15 summers, hs father took hn asde and explaned, that he nlust go forth nto the forest and hlls and seek for hmself the great mysteres of lfe. What he was to see or to fnd, he mas not told. But that whch he dd see, hear or feel, he must hde n hs heart foerver, because t was to be hs symbol of lfe, hs communcaton and understandng wth the Great Sprt. He took hs bow and arrows, but he could not shoot for food. He must not eat untl he had talked wth hs God. Some tmethese young lads were gone 3 or 4 days. They wandered, searchng about the foresb, prayng for a sgn from heaven, beggng for understandng. They klled dangerous anmals, they sat down by the brooks to ponder about the future and lfe n general. Tred, weak and hungry, they slept under the stars and God gave then1 vson. For as truly as Chrst speaks to the snsck souls of to-day who really seek Hm, a lvng Sprt, guded, protected and spoke to those young lads of yore. who never went back to the vllage untl they understood. As the lght of knowledge dawned upon ther young brans, they arose to conquer or kll anythng n ther path. That whch nspred hm to acton became hs symbol. f t were a blaclc bear, he klled t and took t home. Thc bear became hs crest whch would be seen on hs jacket and home, whle hs name would become Black Bear. Thus they lelt ther chldhood names and ganed a new name. Ensten, the great German scentst savs, "There laps a deep meanng n the fact t1a.t the chldren of every cvlzed naton of the world are fond of playng ndans." But when your son plavs ndan, he s not the lttle sore eyed, ragged Navajo or Pawnee or Soux of to-day b ~ the ~ t son of a great chef of yester-yer, who at the break of each grey dawn, parted the dor0wn.y of hs abode and went forth to meet hs God alone. Te 1ft.ed hs eyes unto the hlls ;uld hs heart to the lvng Gotl of the unverse and there found strength and wsdom for the da.y. Hs relgon was a nlst~~re of pllosophy, psychology, and Chrstan Scence. They beleved all lfe's mseres came from buttng ther lttle wlls aganst the great Dvne Wll. To then1 two wrongs could nevcr make a rght. Educated ntellgent people of to-day thought so when they voted to brng hack lquor. They shout on the a.r repeal wll save the country, wpe out crme end depresson and stop accdents. Dd t?