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1 Explore the Bible Lesson Preview February 13, 2011 "U-Turn Here - And Now!" Background: 2 Kings 11:1-17:41 (2 Chron. 25:17-24; 28:5-8) Lesson: 2 Kings 17:5-9a, 13-15, Motivation: Our lesson begins with a revival in Judah under Joash and ends with Israel being carried into captivity by Assyria. Throughout the study we see the roller coaster cycle of rebellion-repentance-renewal-restoration-rebellion. I. Reforms and Repairs (11:1-12:21) A. Coronation of Joash (11:1-16) 1. The Compound (11:4-11) - The temple had been badly damaged by the Sons of Athaliah (II Chron. 24:7). The High Priest Jehoiada, placed a secure guard to protect the young heir, Joash, and the temple. For his protection of the king, he was later buried among the kings of Judah (2 Chron. 24:16). 2. The Coronation (11:12) - At age seven, Joash was given the royal symbol of authority, the crown, and the covenant obligation of the king. 3. "The Coup" (11:13-16) - Athaliah was the only female ruler of either Israel or Judah. Her treatment here and the fact that her reign is not summarized in the passage lead us to see her as a usurper rather than a queen. 1 / 11
2 B. The Reign of Joash (11:17-12:3) 1. While Jehoiada lived under the Godly influence of the High Priest, the young King Joash: a. Renewed the covenant (11:17) This covenant involved God, the king and the people (Lev. 23:33-43; Rev. 21:3). b. Destroyed the altars of Baal (11:18). c. Restored the monarchy. 2. After Jehoiada died - when the High Priest no longer influenced the king, he: a. Took new advisors (2 Chron. 24:17). b. Led his people to serve idols (2 Chron. 24:18). c. Led the people to stone the prophet Zechariah (2 Chron. 24:20-22). d. Failure to abandon the "High Places" or local sanctuaries (12:3). The changes after Jehoida died resulted in the undoing of all the good he did in his younger days. 2 / 11
3 C. The Repair of the Temple (12:4-16) 1. Plan A (12:4-5) The priests were to collect "dedicated" money that included the assessed tax (Ex. 30>12-16), the assessed vow money (Lev. 27:2-8) and freewill offerings for the temple repair. For whatever reason, the priests didn't follow-through on this plan for twenty-three years! 2. Plan B (12:6-16) When King Joash (Johoash) was convinced that "Plan A" wasn't going to work, he took the project out of the hands of the priests and placed a collection box in which money could be directly donated for the temple repair by worshippers. According to verse 15, the local contractors seem to be trusted more than the priests! D. The Fate of Joash (12:17-21) King Hazael of Syria continues to be used of God to punish His people. Syrian forces stopped at the gates of Jerusalem only when King Joash bribed them, with the "crown jewels", those holy treasures dedicated to the temple. Therefore, his lack of trust in God resulted in a conspiracy and an assassination plot against him (19-21). II. Gains and Losses (13:1-15:38) A. Jehoahaz (Israel) Idolatry (13:1-9) Jehu cleansed the Northern Kingdom of Baal worship but retained calf worship as a state religion which was introduced by Jeroboam (2). B. Jehoahash (Israel) Half-heartedness (13:10-25) Elisha promised victory to the extent 3 / 11
4 of the king's faith (17). The king was given some victories (24-25) but the kingdom lost the ultimate struggle. C. Amaziah (Judah) Compromise (14:1-22) Amaziah led Judah to worship Edomite gods (2 Chron. 25:14). D. Jeroboam II (Israel) Outward Prosperity and Inward Corruption (14:23-29) Although he extended the borders of Israel to the extent of those under Solomon, Jeroboam's rule was corrupt as evidenced by the prophets Amos & Hosea. E. Azariah (Judah) Failure to finish well (15:1-12) Better known as Uzziah in Isaiah's writings, Azariah reigned longer than any king in either Israel or Judah. However, he did not finish well (2 Chron. 26:16-19). F. Five Kings of Israel (15:13-32) 1. Zechariah - the only one of the five to die a natural death. 2. Shallum - reigned only a month (13). 3. Menahem - Assassinated Shallum and paid tribute to Assyria (19). 4. Pekahiah - Assassinated Menahem and was assassinated by Pekah (25). 4 / 11
5 5. Pekah - Witnessed the invasion of the Assryrians (29). G. Jotham (Judah) (32-38) "did what was right in the sight of the Lord...however..." (34-35) Judah's relative prosperity was due to relative obedience. Jotha m followed in the steps of his father, Uzziah, but failed to remove the high places of pagan worship (35). III. Alliances and Disasters (16:1-17:41) A. Ahaz's Alliance with Assyria (16:1-9) Jothan's son Ahaz sinned with child sacrifice (3) and idol worship (4). Israel and Syria allied against Judah which led Ahaz to ally with Assyria (8-9). B. Ahaz's Corruption of Worship (16:10-20) 1. Loss of Trust "Now king Ahaz went to Damascus to meet Tiglath-Pileser, king of Assyria..." (10) Having already engaged in idol worship (3-4), Ahaz demonstrated his lack of trust in the Lord God. Under pressure, he put his trust in a man rather than in God. (Ps. 118:8). 2. Loss of Values "...saw an altar that was in Damascus." (10) Once one's trust in God is eroded, values begin to change. Ahaz felt that he had been "saved" by the Assyrians, so it was logical to him to begin worshipping at an Assyrian altar. Believer's Study Bible, p. 529: 16:10-15 "This pagan altar was built according to the pattern and specifications of the one in 5 / 11
6 Damascus and was established as the official place of sacrifice in the temple, in place of the bronze altar prescribed in the Mosaic Law." 3. Loss of Obedience "...and he removed the king's outer entrance from the house of the Lord, on account of the king of Assyria" (18b) A shift in values leads to a change in behavior. Verses chronicle specific acts by Ahaz to thwart worship of the Lord God (Ex. 29:39-41; 30:17-21). In a final act of defiance, he sealed the doors to the temple (18) which mandated worship at the Assyrian altar. C. Israel's Fall (17:1-23) 1. The Ruler "...Hoshea the son of Elah became king of Israel in Samaria...and he did evil in the sight of the Lord, but not as the kings of Israel who were before him" (1-2) The king of Israel assumed reign over a scarce remainder of a once powerful nation. Galilee and the transjordon had already been taken by the Assyrians. Hoshea was in the capital city of Samaria and retained the land to the west but was a vassel to Assyria (3). Althou gh he wasn't as evil as some of his predecessors, he did not serve the Lord God. 2. The Rebellion "...And the king of Assyria uncovered a conspiracy by Hoshea..." (4) Believer's Study Bible, p. 530: 17:4 "When Tiglath-Pileser III died in 727 B.C., his son Shalmaneser V ( ) B.C.) succeeded him, and Hoshea of Israel took this as an opportunity to discontinue payment of tribute to Assyria. Hoshea foolishly made a pact with Egypt, which was now so weak and divided that it could not give Hoshea adequate support. In 725 B.C. Shalmaneser V marched against Israel. Hoshea went out to meet the Assyrian king and was taken captive." 6 / 11
7 3. The Reckoning "In the ninth year of Hoshea, the king of Assyria took Samaria and carried Israel away to Assyria..." (6) The defensible position of the capital established by Omri is illustrated by the three year siege needed to subdue it. (1 Ki. 16:24). It was built on a hill rising three hundred feet from the surrounding plain and was impregnable except by siege. Believer's Study Bible, p. 530: 17:5 "Shalmaneser V besieged the city of Samaria from 725 to 722 B.C. (18.9). 17:6 "After three years of siege, Samaria fell to the Assyrians, and the days of Israel as a sovereign power were over (18:10). Many of the Israelites were taken captive and deported to Assyrian cities (v. 23; 18:11). Sargon II ( B. C.), who succeeded Shalmaneser V, took credit for the victory and boasted that he carried away 27,290 people from Samaria." 4. The Reasons (7-23) The fall of the northern kingdom was a shattering blow to all Jews who thought they were protected by God's covenant's with Abraham, Isaac and Jacob (Gen. 12:1-3; 17:1-10; 26:2-5; 28:13-22). (Jer. 31:35-40) Despite the repeated warnings of God's prophets (13), the people continued to sin. a. "The children of Israel had sinned against the Lord" (7) b. "Had walked in the statutes of the nations" (8) c. "They built for themselves high places" (9) d. "They set up for themselves sacred pillars and wooden images on every high 7 / 11
8 hill and under every green tree" (10) e. "...they served idols" (12) f. "and they rejected His statutes and His covenant..." (15) g. "...and served Baal" (16b) h. "And caused their sons and daughters to pass through the fire, practiced witchcraft and soothsaying, and sold themselves to do evil in the sight of the Lord, to provoke Him to anger." (17) i. "For the children of Israel walked in all the sins of Jeroboam which he did..." (22) Believer's Study Bible, p. 530: 17:10 "The Bible presents two forms of idolatry. One is the worship of gods other than the God of Israel (Ex. 20:3). Another is forbidden in the second commandment (Ex. 20:4), which prohibits the use of any material representation as an object of worship. In either case, idolatry was a capital offense, and the Hebrew people were constantly warned to refrain from all forms of idolatry. In the O.T., however, no practical distinction is made between a graven image or idol and the god whom it represents; unwavering protest is made against idols and gods other than Yahweh. From the time they settled in Canaan until the Exile, Israel was influenced by its idolatrous neighbors. These influences were aided by mixed marriages, such as those of Solomon (1 Ki. 11:1-13) and Ahab (1 Ki. 16:30-33), and by the popular belief that the local gods of Canaan exercised proprietorship (vv. 7-12)." (1 Ki. 12:24-33; Isa. 46:1-13). 8 / 11
9 5. Samaria Repopulation and Summary (24-41) Believer's Study Bible, p. 531: 17:24 "Sargon II followed the practice of replacing deported people with others who would be loyal to the regime. According to this verse, the people brought to Samaria were from areas widely scattered in the Assyrian domain. 17:29 "The mixing of foreign people within the former land of Israel brought about religious havoc. The foreigners brought with them their own native ideas of religious worship (vv ). This resulted in a mixed religion in which both the false gods and Yahweh were worshiped (v. 41, which explains the apparent discrepancy between vv. 32 and 34). The mixing of populations also resulted in mixed marriages between the Israelites left in the land and the new foreign people. The descendants of these marriages came to be called Samaritans (cf. John 4:9). They gradually assumed the nature of a religious sect rather than a nation, and they came to occupy an important position in the later history of Palestine (cf. Luke 9:52)." Application: 1. Everyone sins. (Rom. 3:23) 2. Confession and repentance brings forgiveness. (1 John 1:8-10) 3. Failure to repent brings judgment. (Rom. 6:23) Leader Pack Item 17: "Could This Happen to People You Know?" 9 / 11
10 Biblical Illustrator: p. 30: "Samaria: It's Rise and Fall" Notes: **You may access David's Lesson Preview in MP3 format at: y.org/ ; Dates: 2011: 1/18-3/8 - LivingProof Bible Study; 1/19-5/11 - Midlink & Meal; 2/4-5 - Charles Lowrey Marriage Seminar; 2/5 - Senior Adult Banquet; 2/6 - FBA Day in Sunday a.m. Services; 2/6 - No eve. svc. or eve. SBS; 2/11 - Parents Night Out; 2/12 - KHCB 20 th Anniversary Conf. & Concert; 2/13 - New Sun. PM Sched. begins; 2/13 - SPF - Be Mine! Valentine Lunch; 2/ Senior Adult Revival; 2/ Family Ski Retreat to Copper Mountain; 2/19 - Men Pray Event; 2/20 - New Member Orientation; 2/26 - KSBJ Concert w/ Tomlin, Knockels & Giglio; 2/27 - Parent Commitment; 3/11 - Summit Celebrates; 3/ Spring Break Week; 3/26 10 / 11
11 - Men's Conference; 4/1 - Parent's Night Out; 4/2 - AID Sudan 5K Run/Walk; 4/3 - SBS Leadership Lunch; 4/7 - UBA Quarterly Assn. Meeting; 4/ Mad About You Newlywed Retreat; 4/10 - New Member Orientation; 4/10 - Warren Samuels preaching 3 services; 4/ Summit Ski Trip; 4/17 - Spring Loaded; 4/21 - Broken For You; 4/22 - Church Offices Closed Good Friday; 4/24 - Easter Sunday svc. 8:00, 9:30 & 11:00 am, 5:30 pm - no SBS; 4/30 - SPF Rademacher Farm; 4/30 - Men Pray Event. 11 / 11
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