Kings Jehoahaz, Jehoiakim, Jehoiachin BC

Transcription

1 Kings Jehoahaz, Jehoiakim, Jehoiachin BC

2 Babylon Under Assyrian control until 627 After a succession crisis, Nabopolassar took the throne in Babylon in 626 Assyrian general? Babylonian? Civil war till 616 Then began attacking Assyria with the Medes Medes will talk about them in several weeks!

3 Nabopolassar Nabopolassar cylinder records his faithfulness to his gods Marduk Nabu Ea Anu Enlil records how he repaired the city walls of Bablylon

4 614 Nineveh attacked by Medes 612 Nineveh fell to Babylonian and Median forces With Egyptian support, the Assyrians established a new capital at Harran 609 Harran fell to Babylonians and Medes Egypt tried to take over Canaan and Syria 605 Egypt defeated at Carchemish by the Babylonian crown prince, Nebuchadnezzar

5 son of Nabopolassar won the victory over the Egyptians at Carchemish father died, he returned to Babylon to be crowned 604 invaded Judah, made them a vassal, captured Daniel and others and took them to Babylon 601 marched to the Egyptian frontier for battle; both sides suffered heavy losses Judah caught in the middle of his struggle with Egypt 598/597 invaded Jerusalem, exiled Jehoiachin and Ezekiel 586 final invasion and fall of Jerusalem An engraving inside an onyxstone-eye in a Marduk statue that depicts Nebuchadnezzar II.

6 Ishtar Gate built by Neb at the north entrance to the city dedicated to Ishtar, goddess of fertility, love, and war glazed bricks of lapis lazuli color (deep blue) decorated with yellow dragons and aurochs (wild cattle, now extinct) great processional roadway lined with reliefs of flower and lions the roadway led to the main temples in the city reconstruction, Berlin

7 Dedication Plaque on the Ishtar Gate Nebuchadnezzar, King of Babylon, the faithful prince appointed by the will of Marduk, the highest of princely princes, beloved of Nabu, of prudent counsel, who has learned to embrace wisdom the firstborn son of Nabopolassar, the King of Babylon. Both gate entrances following the filling of the street from Babylon had become increasingly lower. Therefore, I pulled down these gates and laid their foundations at the water table with asphalt and bricks and had them made of bricks with blue stone on which wonderful bulls and dragons were depicted. I placed wild bulls and ferocious dragons in the gateways and thus adorned them with luxurious splendor so that people might gaze on them in wonder.

8 Ziggurat Temple I let the temple of Esiskursiskur (the highest festival house of Marduk, the Lord of the Gods a place of joy and celebration for the major and minor gods) be built firm like a mountain in the precinct of Babylon of asphalt and fired bricks.

9 son of Josiah, installed as king after Josiah s death reigned 3 months till Pharaoh Neco took him prisoner to Riblah (NE of Damascus) Neco demanded a large tribute from Judah

10 Josiah s son, brother of Jehoahaz installed as king by Pharaoh Neco who changed the king s name from Eliakim to Jehoiakim 25 years old when became king, reigned 11 years, did evil in the eyes of the Lord built a costly palace in a time of austerity; Jeremiah spoke against him for excess (Jer 22) Nebuchadnezzar invaded and Jehoiakim became his vassal (instead of Egyptian one) Nebuchadnezzar fought the Egyptians at their border. Pharaoh Neco imposed heavy casualties on the Babylonians. Encouraged by fighting between the two overlords, Jehoiakim rebelled against Babylon 598/597 - Nebuchadnezzar invaded and besieged Jerusalem Jehoiakim died or was killed during this time seal The property of Eliakim, steward of Jehoiakim

11 son of Jehoiakim became king when 18 years old reigned 3 months during the siege of Jerusalem by Nebuchadnezzar Jehoiachin surrendered to the Babylonians deported to Babylon along with: Queen mother and wives officials and army officers craftsmen Ezekiel the prophet treasures from the Temple and palace gold from the Temple Nebuchadnezzar made his uncle (another one of Josiah s sons) king in his place Changed the new king s name from Mattaniah to Zedekiah

12 In the seventh month (of Nebuchadnezzar-599 BC.) in the month Chislev (Nov/Dec) the king of Babylon assembled his army, and after he had invaded the land of Hattu (Syria/Palestine) he laid siege to the city of Judah. On the second day of the month of Adar (16th of March) he conquered the city and took the king (Jehoiachin) prisoner. He installed in his place a king (Zedekiah) of his own choice, and after he had received rich tribute, he sent (them) forth to Babylon. Babylonian Chronicles Chronicle 5, year 7

13 4 cuneiform tables from Babylon mention Jehoiachin. Dating from , they are receipts for oil rations issued to Jehoiachin and his sons. In the 37 th year of Jehoiachin s exile, Evil-Merodach became king of Babylon. He released Jehoiachin from prison, spoke kindly to him, and gave him a seat of honor. So Jehoiachin put aside his prison clothes and for the rest of his life ate regularly at the king s table. The king gave him a regular daily allowance as long as he lived. Jer 52:31-34/2 Kings 25:27-30 tablet from Neb s records; mentions Jehoiachin s rations

14 a young man from one of Judah s royal families exiled to Babylon when Nebuchadnezzar first attacked Jerusalem, in 604 BC along with 3 friends, trained to serve in Nebuchadnezzar s court. Given high position Interpreted dreams, was highly respected. Was called to interpret for Belshazzar, a later king. Served under the Persians/ Medes who conquered Babylon Saw visions from the LORD that foretold the future

15 born during Josiah s reign, probably raised in Jerusalem a priest, from the tribe of Levi, and a prophet exiled to Babylon with Jehoiachin in 597 BC married, lived near the Kebar River in Babylon saw a vision of God on his throne, carried by 4 living beings each with 4 faces and 4 wings spoke prophetic words and did prophetic sign acts took a trip to Jerusalem in a vision saw idolatry and God leaving temple tried to keep the exiles faithful; spoke of return

16 born near Jerusalem, during Manasseh s reign call by God to be a prophet during Josiah s reign prophesied during the reigns of Josiah, Jehoahaz, Jehoiakim, Jehoiachin, and Zedekiah suffered for his (pro-babylonian) messages message: Repent to avoid exile later messages : Accept exile, it is from the LORD. Build houses; settle down. Work for the good of the country you are in. Exile is temporary (70 yrs). God will establish a new covenant with his people.

17 Daniel Ezekiel Jeremiah Babylon Babylon Jerusalem Kings of Babylon Exiles from Judah Kings and people of Judah

18 Jeremiah 36 Who was Baruch? How did he help Jeremiah? How did the officials respond to the message? How did king Jehoiakim respond? What did Jeremiah do when his scroll was destroyed? What was Jeremiah s message? Ezekiel 4 Where was Ezekiel? How did he proclaim his message? What was his message? Who was he prophesying to? Why did God want them to hear this message?

19 Perhaps even yet they will turn from their evil ways and ask the Lord s forgiveness before it is too late. (Jeremiah 36:7)

20 Southern Kingdom King Zedekiah and the Fall of Jerusalem son of Josiah brother of Jehoahaz and Jehoiakim put on the throne by Nebuchadnezzar Zedekiah s story is told in: 2 Kings 25 2 Chronicles 36 Jeremiah 37, 38, 39