SUNRISE or SUNSET. When does a day begin?

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1 1 SUNRISE or SUNSET When does a day begin? [Disclaimer: In this article, all references to the Roman and Yahudim (Jewish) replacement terms of the Lord, God, Adoni, and Jesus Christ have been returned to their original and true sacred Hebrew names.] According to the weight of evidence in Scripture, a DAY is a mere twelve hours in length. It commences at sunrise and terminates at sunset. The night is not divided by hours, but by four watches commencing at sunset and terminating at sunrise. A civil calendar date is twenty-four hours long and is NOT synonymous with a day. In contrast a civil calendar date includes all the components of both the day and the night, and commences at sunrise and not at midnight or sunset. A day is only the first half of a civil calendar date, while the night is the second half. The day and night occupy opposite portions of time in a civil calendar date, because the sun rules the day, and the moon, together with the stars rule the night (Genesis 1:16). There has been for centuries much confusion over the use of the term DAY. No wonder there is so much muddle, as it has been interchangeably used in Scripture to denote both a period of 12 hours ruled by the sun, from sunrise to sunset; as well as the entire cycle of 12 hours plus four night watches. Yet, in spite of new evidence being revealed as to when the Sabbath was to commence from Creation to the time of the cross/stake of our Messiah, most religious authors continue to assume the cycling planetary week instituted by

2 2 Constantine has always been used by the Hebrews, on the shaky premise that it is utilized today. But is this true? Historical Overview In short, historically, the Romans, prior to 46 B.C., began their day at sunrise. It was measured by 12 hours, as defined by the shadow on a sundial, and nights were measured by the four Night Watches, exactly as recorded in Scripture (2 Kings 20:8-11; John 11:9; Psalms 63:6; Psalms 119:48; Mark 13:34). But over a period of 400 years the Roman Emperors began changing all their units of time for various reasons of power, acclaim and rebelliousness to the Torah (Law) of Yahuah Alahim/Elohim. Ultimately, they created a calendar time-measuring system far and away different from that of the other nations and of Torah Scriptures. These egregious changes first began under Julius Caesar (mid-1st century B.C.), who first eliminated the moon from measuring years, months, weeks, and days. This single act, allowed him to set-up variable lengths of months, and fashion the new Roman eight-day week to cycle without end, no longer bound by the 29 and 30 numeric lunar phases. "...the time of the transition from the reckoning of the day as beginning with morning to the reckoning of it as beginning with evening... that in the earlier calendar and in the literature which records this, the day was reckoned from the morning, presumably from sunrise, while in the later calendar and the literature pertaining thereto the day was reckoned from the evening... Elsewhere we have presented quite a mass of evidence which establishes conclusively that the earlier practice in Israel during the Biblical period was to reckon the [24 hour] day from sunrise to sunrise... That in the earliest period of Israelite sojourn in Palestine, under calendar 1, the day was reckoned from morning to morning is established by a super abundance of evidence... This in turn, together with other important considerations, would point to a time approximately about the beginning or the first half, of the third century B.C. as that of the introduction of the new system of reckoning the day." Supplementary Studies in the Calendars of Ancient Israel, p ) Later at the Council of Nicaea ( A.D), Emperor Constantine the Great, because of His extreme hatred for all things Yahudim (Jewish), ensured that the changes he made to his new calendar would never harmonize with, nor pay homage to the Scripture's Torah Law and its preordained time-measuring model.

3 3 This he specified in His Creed, specifically renouncing the Creator's New Moons, lunar seventh-day Sabbath, and lunar Feast Days. So when he legislated the change from the eight-day continuous weekly cycle made popular by Julius Caesar, to the seven-day cycle, it was so determined to NEVER SYNCHRONIZE with that of the Torah Law recorded by Moses, and its prescribed lunar phases, as utilized by the Yahudim (Jews). To this very day, the Roman updated planetary seven-day weekly cycle (Sunday-Saturday) remains utterly divorced from the moon and her phases, and therefore is hopeless to meet the criteria as an ambassador of the creation week, or a SIGN of our Creator's handiwork. Over a thousand years following Constantine, the Julian solar Calendar was replaced by Pope Gregory. This new Gregorian time-measuring system changed the formula for calculating leap years, and the commencement of the Roman legislated New Year was moved from March 25th of spring, to January 1st of winter. Finally, 11 days were dropped from the month of September While this did not affect the order of the planetary days of the Roman mandated continuous weekly cycle, it did nothing to bring this rogue pagan week back into harmony with Scripture's prophetic astro-luni-solar calendar model and its lunar week. Coincident to that of the Romans, the Yahudim (Jews), when in Roman captivity (A.D. 70) were pressured to give up every unit of time from the Scripture's Torah Law. This was finally accomplished in A.D. 358, under the leadership of Hillel II. He led the Yahudim, for all time to come, to adopt the long familiar ancient Babylonian dark conjunction/crescent New Moon for months, and the measuring of days from sunset to sunset for 24 hour days. But stunningly, the Yahudim (Jews) also embraced Rome's new seven-day continuous weekly cycle. To avoid the chaos that comes from uniting the lunar months with the Roman continuous weekly cycle and its Saturday seventh-day count, the Yahudim (Jews) of necessity had to create for themselves the Five Rules of Postponement. It was a kind of intervention to bring harmony to the two calendar factions that could not otherwise be coordinated. Without these newly implemented self-made rules, the Roman seventh-day would cycle irresponsibly, falling on the lunar sacred days of the New Moon, Passover (Pasch), or Day of Atonement (Yom Kippur). Astonishingly, while most of us received some level of education with regard to the Roman Gregorian calendar changes from that of the Julian, simply none of us were clued in on the great assault the entire stealth Roman calendar replacement system had on our Creator's ordained Calendar over the centuries. Whether in History or Bible class, our teachers were also ignorant of these facts. One can only

4 4 instruct according to their own paradigms. And most in America and Europe inherited their long held calendar traditions from Roman influence. Yet, the council remains: "Not giving heed to Jewish fables, and commandments of men, that turn from the truth." Titus 1:17 For far too long, good and honest people have been content to follow Rabbinical Pharisee Jew and Roman fables (Titus 1:14), as to when the day begins that are not supported by the weight of evidence in Scripture. Yet, the truth has been there all along for the taking, with only a little effort, the evidence can be gathered from the original Hebrew or Greek text, exposing the false traditions of men. The mere fact that at this late hour Yahuah Alahim's time units are being revealed, should tell us our Messiah is returning soon for His obedient followers. The following light on this essential subject of TIME is designed to equip Yahuah's followers for the battles over truth that lie ahead in preparation for citizenship In His Eternal Kingdom government. But note that while all units of time will be touched upon, it is the aim of this article to expose error and reveal the underlying TRUTH relevant to when the DAY begins.

5 5 The following 44 questions are designed to get to the root of and expose many false paradigms. As a result, Genesis 1:1-5 is utilized often in the beginning of this article from several angles, but will then move forward after establishing several ground rules relating to the parameters of the DAY, and the bookends of the NIGHT. Question 1: According to Genesis 1:1-5, what was the first thing the Creator called forth into existence? "In the beginning was Alahim/Elohim (#430 (אלהים the Creator, the Aleph and Tav of the shamayim (heavens) and the Aleph and Tav of the earth. The earth consisted of NOTHINGNESS, EMPTINESS, AND DARKNESS, which were upon the face of the endless abyss. The Ruach (Spirit) of Alahim hovered over the face of the shamayim (deep space). Commandingly declared Alahim, "Let there be LIGHT," and there was LIGHT. For behold, Alahim, the Aleph and Tav, is the LIGHT and absolute GOODNESS. And separating them,

6 6 Alahim made a distinction of the LIGHT from the distinction of the darkness. Alahim called the LIGHT "DAY" (as opposed to night), and the darkness He called "night" (as opposed to day). And then followed dusk (the beginning of night), and then followed dawn (the end of night), the first 24 hour division of time." Genesis 1:1-5 The Creator's Calendar Restored Text Answer: The first thing He created was LIGHT. Question 2: What was the first thing the Creator named? "And separating them, Alahim made a distinction of the LIGHT from the distinction of the darkness. Alahim called the LIGHT "DAY..." Answer: Light was the first thing the Creator named. He called the LIGHT "DAY."

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8 8 Question 3: What was the second thing the Creator named? "and the darkness He called "night" (as opposed to day)." Answer: Darkness was the second thing the Creator named. He called the darkness "NIGHT." Question 4: According to Genesis 1:1-5, when did the Creator make the darkness? Answer: Surprising as this may be to some, the Creator did not make or create the darkness. As defined above, darkness is the absence of LIGHT. Darkness was the absence of the creative force. To make a distinction between the darkness and the LIGHT the creator separated them, meaning that they will forever hold different periods of time and never overlap. He then sealed His declaration that He separated them when He gave them their names. DAY and NIGHT are NOT synonymous terms, but opposites. Question 5: Since darkness is the absence of LIGHT, then what is night? Answer: Night is the absence of DAY, as defined by Genesis 1:1-5. Question 6: According to the entire Renewed Covenant (N.T.), daylight is divided into 12 basic units of time. What are these units called? "And when those came who were hired about the eleventh hour, they each received a denarius." Matthew 20:9-10 NKJV "Yahusha [our Messiah] answered, 'Are there not twelve hours in the day? If anyone walks in the day, he does not stumble, because

9 9 he sees the light of this world. But if one walks in the night, he stumbles, because the light is not in him.'" John 11:9-11 NKJV Answer: These units are called hours. The daylight, from sunrise to sunset, consists of twelve hours. Hours were reckoned by the shadows on a sundial. Even though the days of summer are longer than the days of winter, daylight was ordained to be measured and divided equally by 12 hours on a sundial. If you were under the impression that sundials are a tool of Satan, then take a moment to refresh your mind on the miracle performed for King Hezekiah, when Yahuah Alahim caused the shadow on the sundial to go backwards and then return to its original position. (2 Kings 20:8-11) Refer to article, Ten Degrees To and Fro on the Sundial. Question 7: A sundial only works during the hours from sunrise to sunset, when the direct rays of the sun shine upon it. So what was used to reckon units of time during the dark of night? Answer: The four Watches of the Night commence punctually at sunset. The moon, together with the ruling constellations in the shamayim (heavens) above determine the length of the four watches of the night. At sunset the constellations consistently arise to make their nightly circuit from the eastern horizon until they set in the west (Mark 13:35). But the full moon only measures the full night from east to west, one night each month. This is the unique night of the full New Moon, a rather new discovery, in opposition to the modern Rabbinical Pharisee Yahudim (Jews) and Muslims alike. 1. Evening Watch - This first watch of the night commences at sunset and occupies the period known as dusk or twilight, and ends at the first quarter of the night. This quarter measure of the night is accomplished by measuring the constellation of stars that arises in the east until it reaches the first quarter of the night. Mark 13:35 2. Midnight Watch - This second watch is marked off by the ruling constellation as it moves from the first quarter of the night to the middle of the night. For this method alone could accurately mark midnight. Luke 12:38

10 10 3. Cock Crowing Watch - This third watch of the night commences with the ruling constellation of stars at midnight and ends at the third quarter position from east to west across the expanse of the night sky. Also, this was the period that was characteristic of when the rooster began to crow. Luke 12:38 4. Morning Watch - This fourth watch of the night commences at the first visible light in the eastern sky, the time the rooster began to crow, which is also known as dawn or morning twilight, the mixture of light and darkness. The Morning Watch ends at sunrise. (Or it may have been simply the last quarter of the time the ruling constellation made its way from the eastern horizon to the western prior to sunrise.) Matthew 14:25 Question 8: Is there a secondary application that would render the division of the DAY and the NIGHT a divine law of the Creator. Answer: According to Scripture the night was divided into four watches. The ruling constellations were the guide to knowing each fourth part of the night. Notice how these parameters of the night also define the boundaries of the DAYLIGHT. There can be no overlapping. The night ends as the new day begins at sunrise. The term night watch was born out of the idea of watching for the first rays of a new DAYLIGHT at sunrise. The focus was always on the LIGHT; looking for the LIGHT; ever seeking the LIGHT. In this way a living illustration was created that expressed the value Yahuah places on the LIGHT OF DAY (DAYLIGHT) in contrast to the darkness of night. "For every one that does evil hates the LIGHT, neither comes to the LIGHT, lest his deeds should be reproved. But he that does truth comes to the LIGHT that his deeds may be made manifest, that they are wrought in Alahim." John 3:20-21 "But if your eye be evil, your whole body shall be full of darkness. If therefore the LIGHT that is in you is darkness, how great is that darkness! No man can serve two masters: for either he will hate the one, and love the other; or else he will hold to the one, and despise the other. You cannot serve Alahim and mammon." Matthew 6:23-24

11 11 "You are all the children of LIGHT, and the children of the DAY: we are not of the night, nor of darkness. Therefore let us not sleep, as do others; but let us watch and be sober." 1 Thessalonians 5:5-6 "Again, a new commandment I write to you, which thing is true in Him and in you, because the darkness is passing away, and the true LIGHT is already shining. He who says he is in the LIGHT, and hates his brother, is in darkness until now. He who loves his brother abides in the LIGHT, and there is no cause for stumbling in him. But he who hates his brother is in darkness and walks in darkness, and does not know where he is going, because the darkness has blinded his eyes." 1 John 2:8-11 NKJV Question 9: If Yahuah gives the sun for a LIGHT by DAY, and the stars for a LIGHT by NIGHT, then how can the DAY, which is governed by the sun begin either at sunset, dusk, midnight, morning twilight prior to sunrise, or at noon? Yet, there are some factions of people around the world that recognized these periods as the beginning of their "day" and specifically on behalf of their sacred day. Answer: According to Jeremiah 31:35-36, when the first star is witnessed in the sky, we can know that the "night" has already begun. As long as stars are visible in the sky, it is "night," even if there is only one. These also include Venus, Mercury and Jupiter. But, as long as the sun itself is visible, meaning sunrise to sunset, it is DAYLIGHT, in which the sun is ruling the sky (Genesis 1:14)." "Thus says Yahuah, who gives the sun for a light by day, the ordinances of the moon and the stars for a light by night, 'If those ordinances depart from before Me, says Yahuah, then the seed of Israel shall also cease from being a nation before Me forever.'" Jeremiah 31:35-36 NKJV From this verse we can acquire the following facts: 1. When the above verse speaks of the stars it is speaking of visible stars.

12 12 2. When the above verse speaks of the sun the same principle applies, therefore it speaks of a visible sun. 3. When stars are present and visible, it is night. 4. When the sun is present and visible, it is day. 5. The sun and stars are NEVER visible at the same time. 6. A visible moon is also spoken of as a light by night. One night only each month, the full moon is visible and rules the entire night from east to west in both hemispheres. This unique night we have come to understand was the original New Moon, when it is a full LIGHT by night. Throughout the entire month, the moon in its similitudes, spends exactly the same visible time in the day sky as it does in the night sky. But it rules one night only marking the ruling constellation for that lunar month. 7. This is the direct instruction by the Creator, Yahuah, for the division of day and night. 8. Each of these lights (the sun, moon, and stars) only rule when they are visible, journeying the entire length of the sky from east to west. Day and night are here differentiated specifically by the sun and the stars. They simply are not both visible at the same time ever. When the sun ceases to shine the stars begin their shining. Please notice that it is not merely light that is given for the portion that makes up the DAYLIGHT, but rather it is the visible presence of the sun that is for a light by day. The Mazzeroth (wheel of the stars), perpetually shine forth from the shamayim (heavens) by night as they revolve from east to west from one ruling constellation to the next. The word ordinance here means the appointed and numbered time circuit of the sun, moon and stars. It is the moon and stars that were ordained to rule by night. At sunset one or two planet/stars begin to be visible, and one or two stars continue to be visible until sunrise. If the day began at noon, sunset, or midnight, it would mean that the sun, moon and stars are overlapping. Genesis 1:14-18 defines the parameter of both day and night with the simple statement that the sun was to rule the day, and the moon and the stars were to rule together by night. The very act of ruling the sky necessitates that this is accomplished from the visible eastern horizon line unto the visible western horizon line. How much more clear could our loving Father be? If the DAYLIGHT occupied the period from dawn (pre-sunrise) through the end of dusk (post sunset), the "day" would also be overlapping the ruling stars and moon for 1 ½ to 2 hours at dusk

13 13 and then again just before sunrise. We can know with certainty that the period just before sunrise is still considered "night" by the Creator, as well as just after sunset, because there is at least one planet/star visible just prior to sunrise and at least one planet/star visible just after sunset. It was the Creator, Himself who clarified that the division between DAY and NIGHT is made manifest by the visible sun, moon and stars. When the DAYLIGHT is divided properly, there will NEVER be overlapping of His celestial LIGHTS. Therefore, the only possible parameters of the day, is from sunrise to sunset, as there is no overlapping of sunshine with the ruling moon and stars by night. The moment the radiant beams of the sun disappear at sunset the first stars begin to appear in perfect harmony with the division of day and night in the Genesis 1 and Exodus 16 account. "For what fellowship has righteousness with lawlessness? And what communion has LIGHT with darkness?" 2 Corinthians 6:14 Refer to article, Visible Stars Define the Parameters of Day and Night. Question 10: According to Genesis 1:5, when does a night begin and end? "Alahim called the LIGHT DAY [as opposed to night], and the darkness He called NIGHT [as opposed to day]." Genesis 1:5 Answer: The night commences at sunset as this is when darkness begins to mix with light. The night ends at sunrise following dawn's mixture of light and darkness. So night occupies the second portion of a lunar calendar date immediately following sunset when the stars begin one by one to become visibly present. Question 11: So if a night begins at sunset, occupying the entire dark period, when does a DAY (daylight) begin? "Alahim called the LIGHT DAY [as opposed to night], and the darkness He called NIGHT [as opposed to day]." Genesis 1:5 Answer: The DAY was reckoned by the visible DAYLIGHT hours only, and began at sunrise and ended at sunset. When folks declare that the DAY begins at

14 14 sunset, they are essentially saying that LIGHT equals darkness, or DAY equals night. Question 12: According to the modern Scripture translations of Genesis 1:5, what is the definition given for the word "evening?" "Alahim called the LIGHT DAY [as opposed to night], and the darkness He called night [as opposed to day]." Genesis 1:5 Answer: The Creator ordained that LIGHT equals day and that darkness equals night, but now we are faced with the term "evening," which is not clarified in Genesis 1 as to what it means. Below we will utilize two or more Hebrew lexicons to learn the meanings of the Hebrew word (ereb #6153). Word Definition for "evening" (ereb #6153) #1689 Theological Wordbook of the Old Testament (TWOT) corresponds to #6153 in Strong's Concordance. 'ereb: Evening, night. Likely developed from the expression, "the setting of the sun, sunset." Includes: to enter, to go down of the sun. 'ereb is found 131 times in the OT. The phrase "there was an evening and there was a morning" occurs six times in the creation narrative (Genesis 1:5-31), delimiting the six days of divine creative activity. This phrase would indicate that in ancient Israel a day began with sunrise. Some have felt this at variance with the Jewish practice of regarding sunset as the beginning of the next day. Cassuto, after dealing with the Biblical data and the Jewish custom, concludes that there was "only one system of computing time: the day is considered to begin in the morning... This judgment appears vindicated in the employment of "ereb in Levitical legislation respecting uncleanness. One was considered unclean because of certain acts "until the evening" (Lev. 11:24, plus thirty times). This is that, one was unclean for the duration of the day. Theological Wordbook of the Old Testament (TWOT) #1689, p Evening literally means sunset, night, and dusk.

15 15 Question 13: According to the Genesis 1:5, does the Creator say that the evening is part of the day or part of the night? Answer: "Evening (ereb #6153) means sunset, night, and dusk. Each of these are equated with the night, since they include a portion of darkness and commence at sunset. Question 14: The modern Scripture versions state that "evening and the morning" were the first day, second day, etc. So doesn't this mean that "evening comes before morning?" Answer: On the surface this would appear to be the case, however there are two criteria that must be met: 1) The weight of evidence through-out all Scripture; and 2) proper translation. A quick look into any concordance or lexicon will provide ample evidence that two words in each of the verses have been consistently and poorly translated. The Hebrew word in question here is (hayah #1961), which means: to exist, become, happen, occur, come to pass, follow, (see table below). But instead of any of these choices or a synonym of these, the words "so" and "and" have been applied in their place, making it appear that the night precedes the daylight. Here is how the text should read. Note the first sentence identifies the creation event followed by what occurred after that day's creation event: "Alahim called the LIGHT DAY, and the darkness He called night. And then followed dusk, and then followed dawn, the first 24 hour division of time." Genesis 1:1-5 The Creator's Calendar Restored Text

16 16 Question 15: Now, with a more complete understanding of the differences of day and night as declared by the Creator, during what period of time did He do all of His works of creation? "And the earth brought forth grass, the herb that yields seed according to its kind, and the tree that yields fruit, whose seed is in itself according to its kind. And Alahim saw that it was good. Then occurred the dusk (twilight), then occurred the dawn (twilight), day three." Genesis 1:12-13 Answer: The creation event was performed in the visible LIGHT, so it appears that all the creative works were accomplished during the time of the marvelous light of the daylight hours from sunrise to sunset. Absolutely nothing was created during the dark of night after the Creator called forth the LIGHT on day the first day. Below is an illustration delineating creation s daily cycle of time as it is outlined in Scripture. All creation occurred during the daylight (in gold) from sunrise to

17 sunset. This is then followed by the evening twilight exchange that ushers in the darkness of the night. 17

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19 19 For questions regarding the first four days of Creation refer to article, The Fourth Day of Creation, the Introduction of the Sun, Moon, and Stars. Question 16: In Genesis 1, Moses records the Creator declaring six times the above circle of time, day one, two, three, etc. So when the seventh-day is mentioned in Chapter 2, what period of time did the Creator designate as sacred with three witnesses? Was it a full circle of time, such as the night followed by the day, the daylight followed by the night, or was it only to be the daylight hours? "And on the seventh daylight Alahim ended His work which He had made, and He rested on the seventh daylight from all His work which He had made. 3 Then Alahim honored the seventh daylight and sanctified it, because in it He rested from all His work which Alahim had created and made." Genesis 2:2-3 NKJV Answer: The sacred hours of the Sabbath are only the DAYLIGHT portion of the full 24 hour circle of time, and are reckoned by hours. Nowhere in Scripture is there a hint of the night watches occurring on the Sabbath. If the day was to begin at sunset, this Scripture verse would be the place where it would be overtly declared by the Creator, stating He rested on the seventh night at sunset, three times instead of the seventh daylight. See John 11:9. The foundational truth established in Genesis 1:5 was the permanent division that separated the daylight from night. All creation was performed during the daylight, so it stands to reason that when the Creator ceased or rested on the seventh-daylight, it was during the same time period that He formerly performed all His work of creating. Question 17: What examples from Scripture show that our Creator designed the physical realities of LIGHT and darkness with a spiritual symbolic application? Answer: Throughout Scripture Yahuah has used these contrasting principles of LIGHT and darkness to teach His divine truths. Darkness was to metaphorically represent infidelity, blindness toward truth, and evil, while LIGHT was to represent truth, divine understanding, and righteousness. Yahusha ha Mashiach (the Messiah) uses these principles over and over throughout His ministry along with Paul.

20 20 But the path of the just is as the shining light, that shines more and more unto the perfect day. The way of the wicked is as darkness: they know not at what they stumble. Proverbs 4:18-19 Yahusha, the Messiah said, "I am the light of the world: he that follows me shall not walk in darkness, but shall have the light of life." John 8:12 "Ye are the light of the world". Matthew 5:14 "Let your light so shine before men" Matthew 5:16 In Him was life, and the life was the light of men. And the light shines in darkness and the darkness comprehended it not. John 1:4 The same came for a witness, to bear witness of the light that all men through him might believe. John 1:7 "For every one that does evil hates the light, neither comes to the light, lest his deeds should be reproved. But he that does, comes to the light that his deeds may be made manifest, that they are wrought in Alahim." John 3:20 But ye are a chosen generation, a royal priesthood, a set-apart nation, a peculiar people; that ye should show forth the praises of him who had called you out of darkness into His marvelous light. 1Peter 2:9 But all things that are reproved are made manifest by the light: for whatsoever does make manifest is light. Ephesians 5:13 Question 18: What did Yahuah, our Creator give us to determine our days and our years, was it LIGHTS or darkness? "Then Alahim said, "Let there be LIGHTS in the firmament of the shamayim to divide the day from the night; and let them be for signs and seasons, and for days and years." Genesis 1:14 NKJV "Every good gift and every perfect gift is from above, and comes down from the FATHER OF LIGHTS, with whom there is no variation

21 21 or shadow of turning." [full sun, full stars, full moon] James 1:17 NKJV Answer: LIGHTS! Notice it does not say nights and darkness, but LIGHTS were given to divide the day from the night. The DAY is governed by the direct rays of the sun, marking time on a sundial from sunrise to sunset. The night lights appear at sunset, as one by one the stars begin to shine. Also, our Creator is referred to as the FATHER OF LIGHTS in which there is no shadow of a turning orbit. Note that the sun and stars never have a shadow covering them, so this reference of "no shadow" is specifically regarding the moon. When the moon represents the "Father of Lights" it is only when there is no shadow of its turning orbit. There is only one lunar phase that fits this description, and that is the full moon. This is only one of many reasons the full moon has been discovered to be the Creator's original New Moon. All Praise Yahuah! Question 19: If a DAY begins at sunset, when it becomes dark, then when does a "night" begin? "When the Gazites were told, 'Samson has come here!" they surrounded the place and lay in wait for him all night at the gate of the city. They were quiet all night, saying, "In the morning, when it is daylight, we will kill him.'" Judges 16:2 NKJV "You make darkness, and it is night, in which all the beasts of the forest creep about." Psalms 104:20 NKJV "While the earth remains, seed-time and harvest, cold and heat, summer and winter, and day and night shall not cease." Genesis 8:22 KJV

22 22 Answer: Day and night DO NOT both start simultaneously at the same moment. If so, they would be the same thing. A day starts when it becomes daylight (direct rays of sunlight) according to Judges 16:2. Night starts when it becomes dark, the time when the animals begin to creep about according to Psalm 104:20. The most striking of the examples above is the third one from Genesis 8:22, which illustrates this point with four unique comparisons. Each of these comparisons are total opposites found in nature, illustrating day and night as the ultimate epitome of opposites. If this were not enough, notice that each of the examples for comparison are given in their precise order: Seed-time must precede the harvest in all cases. Cold existed prior to the creation of the sun. Because the Scriptural shamayim year commences in spring, the summer will occur first as the year ends with winter. Likewise, the day commences prior to the night in perfect harmony with the previous three examples. Each of these comparisons is punctuated with the promise given to Noah when coming out of the ark that these shall perpetually remain on earth and "shall not cease." From the Book of Jubilees is an example of the same theme of Yahuah's promise to Noah, which appears to have escaped the scrutiny of Constantine or the later Correctories of Rome, as it declares a vital truth in five revealing words at the very end. (We do not endorse the Book of Jubilees as a whole for it contains many contradictions.) "... All the days of the earth, seed-time and harvest shall never cease, cold and heat, summer and winter, and DAY AND NIGHT SHALL NOT CHANGE THEIR ORDER NOR CEASE FOREVER." Book of Jubilees 6:4-5 Subsequently, according to this ancient manuscript, not only shall these "not cease" but their ORDER SHALL NOT CHANGE. But has the order of the day and night changed? According to Rome the night comes first as the day begins with midnight. According to the modern Rabbinical Pharisee Yahudim (Jews) the night comes first as the day commences at sunset. One must ask was this vital principle of the DAY, which is so clearly stated in the Book of Jubilees and in Genesis 22:8, proactively removed from the Scriptures so mankind today would

23 23 blindly believe what Rome and the Jews declare? Yes, and their is prophetic proof of this! (Coming soon.) Question 20: Is "midnight" the middle of the night or the middle of the day? "And so it was, at noon, that Elijah mocked them and said, 'Cry aloud, for he is a Alahim; either he is meditating, or he is busy, or he is on a journey, or perhaps he is sleeping and must be awakened.'" 1 Kings 18:27 NKJV Answer: It is the middle of the night, because the middle of the day comes after the morning and before sunset and is called noon. But if the DAYLIGHT begins at sunset, then midnight would be the middle of the DAY. Question 21: When the Scriptures speak about the break of day in 2 Samuel 2:32, Judges 19:25 and Job 7:4; is this speaking of sunrise or sunset? "Then they took up Asahel and buried him in his father's tomb, which was in Bethlehem. And Joab and his men went all night, and they came to Hebron at daybreak." 2 Samuel 2:32 NKJV "But the men would not heed him. So the man took his concubine and brought her out to them. And they knew her and abused her all night until morning; and when the DAY began to break, they let her go." Judges 19:25 NKJV Answer: Both are speaking of sunrise as the break of day. We can know with certainty that the daybreak here spoken of is specific to sunrise, because it is clarified that these things occurred all night. The twilight period is known as the fourth watch of the night or the Daybreak Watch. Daybreak itself is synonymous with the sunrise. Question 22: Was the sun (greater light) made to rule over the day or was it made to rule over the night? "Then Alahim said, 'Let there be lights in the firmament of the shamayim to divide the day from the night; and let them be for signs

24 24 and seasons, and for days and years; and let them be for lights in the firmament of the heavens to give light on the earth;' and it was so. Then Alahim made two great lights: the greater LIGHT to rule the DAY, and the lesser LIGHT to rule the NIGHT. He made the stars also. Alahim set them in the firmament of the shamayim to give light on the earth, and to rule over the day and over the night, and to divide the light from the darkness. And Alahim saw that it was good." Genesis 1:14-18 NKJV Answer: The sun (greater light) was made to rule over the DAY and not the darkness of night. Question 23: Since the sun (the greater light) was made to rule over the DAY, then how can a DAYLIGHT begin at night when the sun is not ruling or measuring time? "To Him who made great lights, for His compassion endures forever, The sun to rule by day, for His compassion endures forever; the moon and stars to rule by night, for His compassion endures forever." Psalms 136:7-9 NKJV Answer: It can't! This is impossible because the Creator designed these three kinds of LIGHTS to declare the specific divisions of each lunar calendar date. Day and night simply can never overlap any more than full light and full darkness can overlap, as the darkness would disappear, producing full light only. Darkness is merely the absence of LIGHT, so by extension, "night" is the absence of "day." Question 24: It is declared many times throughout the Scriptures, that the Creator divided the DAY from the night, or the LIGHT from darkness (Genesis 1:3-5, 14-19). So if the day begins at sunset, this begs the question, when did the Creator put day and night back together? "I know that whatever Alahim does, it shall be forever. Nothing can be added to it, and nothing taken from it. Alahim does it, that men should fear before Him." Ecclesiastes 3:14 NKJV "The grass withers, the flower fades, but the word of our Alahim stands forever." Isaiah 40:8 NKJV

25 25 Answer: He has never put the DAY and the NIGHT back together. Many continue to choose to believe that the daylight follows the night in a 24 hour lunar calendar date. This is because they believe that the DAY begins at sunset as currently kept by the Rabbinical Pharisee Yahudim (Jews), but this belief came from Babylon, and is not based upon the Scripture's weight of evidence. Revelation 18:4 has something to say about coming out of Babylon. Question 25: Is it possible for my visiting parents to remain at my house all day without spending the night? "You make darkness, and it is night, in which all the beasts of the forest creep about." Psalms 104:20 NKJV Answer: Yes, because when a DAYLIGHT ends, the night begins. Question 26: In Numbers 11:32, it says that the Children of Israel gathered the quail all that day, and all that night, and all the next day. So how many days and how many nights did they gather quail? "And the people stayed up all that day, all night, and all the next day, and gathered the quail (he who gathered least gathered ten homers); and they spread them out for themselves all around the camp." Numbers 11:32 NKJV Answer: They gathered quail for two daylights and one night. But if a DAY begins at night then they would have gathered quail three days and three nights. But the most profound evidence in the verse above is the inference that the night followed the day. So the night that belonged to the first day mentioned was the night that followed it. Then the reference was made that the second day mentioned was the "next day." From this verse, the day begins at sunrise, and NOT at sunset.

26 26 Question 27: If the day begins at sunrise, then why do the Scripture verses that describe when the Messiah was resurrected, say "early in the morning" while it was yet dark? Answer: Great question. An error has been discovered in the Greek translations that place the word "early" or "early in the morning" in place of the Greek word "proi" #4404. While it has been regularly translated to mean "early in the morning," it actually means during the "fourth watch of the night" or "daybreak watch" or "dawn." See Mark 16:2, 9; John 20:1; Matthew 20:1 Strong's Concordance Greek Definition: #4404 (proi) = at dawn; by implication, the Daybreak Watch. 1. Proi is the fourth watch of the night. Please do not miss this point. Dawn and dusk are both equated with the night and not with the day. It is in these very Scripture verses intended to prove that dawn is part of the day that the weight of evidence is given to the contrary. Yet, dawn is synonymous with the last watch of the night. These verses include all the time references in the Brit Hadasha (NT) to the Resurrection. For a full break down with illustrations, refer to article: Three Days and Three Nights, the Sign of Yonah Riddle Solved. Question 28: If Yahuah gave the manna from above, only for the purpose of feeding the people and illustrating which day was the seventh-day Sabbath, then why is there so much written in Exodus 16 about other time units defined by the daily manna? Answer: In the loving Father's tender care, He rained manna from the shamayim for forty years in the wilderness to feed the newly released Israelites, whom He had miraculously led out of Egypt. In addition to clarifying which day was the seventh-day Sabbath, there are several other time-

27 27 centric details relating to the manna of great importance to Yahuah, which also illustrate when the day begins. He gave precise specifications regarding the gathering of the manna as He stated it would be used to test their obedience to Him. It was His ordained plan to use a feeding schedule to restore Yashar'al (Israel) back to His original astro-luni-solar time-measuring model for harmonious corporate worship....that I may prove them, whether they will walk in my law, or no. Exodus 16:4... the people shall go out and gather a certain rate every day [daylight]... Exodus 16:4... on the sixth day they shall prepare that which they bring in; and it shall be twice as much as they gather daily. Exodus16:5... in the morning, then you shall see the majesty of Yahuah... Exodus 16:7... in the morning you shall be filled with bread; and you shall know that I am Yahuah your Alahim. Exodus 16:12 And when the dew that lay was gone up, behold, upon the face of the wilderness there lay a small round thing, as small as the hoar frost on the ground. Exodus 16:14 Referring to what had been gathered that day, they were instructed: "Let no man leave of it till the [next] morning." Exodus16:19... some of them left of it until the [next] morning, and it bred worms, and stank... Exodus 16:20... when the sun waxed hot, it melted. Exodus 16:21... on the sixth day they gathered twice as much... Exodus 16:22 Moses said, this is what Yahuah said, Tomorrow [next daylight] is the rest of the sacred Sabbath unto Yahuah: bake that which you will bake today, and seethe that you will seethe; and that which remains over lay up for you to be kept until the [tomorrow] morning. Exodus 16:23 And they laid it up till the morning, as Moses bade: and it did not stink, neither was there any worm therein. Exodus 16:24 And Moses said, eat that today; for today is a Sabbath [which began at morning] unto Yahuah: to day you shall not find it in the field. Exodus 16:25 Six days [daylights] you shall gather it; but on the seventh day [daylight], which is the Sabbath, in it there shall be none. Exodus 16:26

28 28 See, for that Yahuah hath given you the Sabbath, therefore he gives you on the sixth day [daylight] the bread of two days [daylights]; abide you every man in his place, let no man go out of his place on the seventh day [daylight]. Exodus 16:29 So the people rested on the seventh day [daylight]. Exodus 16:30 Here it is found that the Sabbath of the Eternal Father is the seventh-daylight and that it follows six work daylights. In these verses, the day begins in the morning at sunrise rather than at night, as it has been declared by Jewish fables and commandments of men (Titus 1:14). The manna could be preserved for exactly 24 hours from the time it was given, and always went bad the next morning when the fresh, new manna was provided at sunrise, except for the Sabbath. For on this day it was safely preserved for a minimum of 36 hours and a maximum of 48. We find that the term tomorrow is referred to as the next daylight that commences at sunrise. On the sixth day, Moses spoke of tomorrow as being the Sabbath day or daylight that commenced in the morning. If the Sabbath had begun at sunset, Moses would have spoken regarding the Sabbath tonight or at sunset. The Sabbath began in the morning, as depicted by no manna given on that morning. In this entire Exodus 16 narrative there is not one mention of the words night, sunset, dusk, or evening. The weight of evidence declares in this story alone that the day commences at sunrise in the morning. Question 29: From the time of Moses, through to the death of the Messiah on the cross, a period of fifteen hundred years, both the morning and evening sacrifices were a regular 24 hour occurrence. Did this actually start with the evening sacrifice, then followed by the morning sacrifice? Answer: No! There are six Scripture verses that place the morning sacrifice first in order, followed by the evening sacrifice: (1 Samuel 17:16; 1 Chronicles 16:40; 2 Chronicles 2:4; 2 Chronicles 31:3; Ezra 3:3; Psalms 65:8). But there is not even one verse that reverses this order, placing the evening sacrifice first followed by the morning sacrifice. The morning sacrifice was to occur precisely at sunrise while facing west, while the evening sacrifice was to occur at precisely at sunset. In this way the two sacrifices bore witness to the parameters of the "day" as being twelve hours in length in both summer and winter.

29 29 Question 30: According to Exodus 18:13, when does "the next day" begin, in the evening, at midnight, or in the morning? "And so it was, on the next day, that Moses sat to judge the people; and the people stood before Moses from morning until evening." Exodus 18:13 NKJV Answer: The "next day" begins in the morning, as all of the Scriptures clearly indicate. You will never find Scripture declaring that the "next day" or tomorrow begins at night, but it always begins at sunrise. Further on that next day, Moses sat the entire day, "from morning until evening." Question 31: According to Exodus 16:22-25, when does the "rest" of the sanctified Sabbath unto Yahuah Alahim/Elohim begin, in the night, evening or in the morning? And so it was, on the sixth day, that they gathered twice as much bread, two omers for each one. And all the rulers of the congregation came and told Moses. Then he said to them, 'This is what Yahuah has said: 'Tomorrow is a Sabbath rest, a sanctified Sabbath to Yahuah. Bake what you will bake today, and boil what you will boil; and lay up for yourselves all that remains, to be kept until morning.' "So they laid it up till morning, as Moses commanded; and it did not stink, nor were there any worms in it. Then Moses said, "Eat that today, for today is a Sabbath to Yahuah; today you will not find it in the field. Exodus 16:22-25 NKJV Answer: Notice that the reference made by Yahuah Alahim was made on the preparation day, declaring that tomorrow is the Sabbath rest. The Sabbath begins in the morning as all other days begin. Then when that next morning arrived we have a confirmation statement from Moses who said, "Eat that today, for today is a Sabbath to Yahuah." This clarifies that the Sabbath began the next daylight at sunrise.

30 30 Question 32: If a night is considered a day, then what did Yahuah mean when He said that He would cause it to rain on the earth forty days and forty nights? "For after seven more days I will cause it to rain on the earth forty days and forty nights, and I will destroy from the face of the earth all living things that I have made." Genesis 7:4 NKJV Answer: The night is not considered the day, or even the beginning of a day, but rather days and nights are exact opposites. For what fellowship has righteousness with lawlessness? And what communion has LIGHT with darkness? 2 Corinthians 6:14 Although, this verse is speaking of not being unequally yoked together with unbelievers it also aptly applies to the day and night not being unequally yoked. Notice in the words of Yahuah Himself, He identifies that each of the forty DAYS are followed by forty NIGHTS. The Father always makes precise declarations, and He did not say it would rain forty nights and forty days. Question 33: Why is it that the righteous men, obedient followers, are stirred up against the hypocrites? Who are the hypocrites and what did they do to deserve to be called hypocrites? "Upright men are astonished at this, and the innocent stirs himself up against the hypocrite. Yet the righteous will hold to his way, and he who has clean hands will be stronger and stronger. "But please, come back again, all of you, for I shall not find one wise man among you. My days are past, My purposes are broken off, even the thoughts of my heart. They change the night into day; 'The light is near,' they say, in the face of darkness." Job 17:8-14 NKJV Answer: The righteous men are stirred up against the hypocrites because the hypocrites make the Creator out to be a liar, when He said He separated the day from the night (Genesis 1:4). For the hypocrites have changed the night into day when our Creator had declared the LIGHT to be day and not the darkness of night. The hypocrites here referred to, is any group, organization, nation, power, or religious system that knows the truth, yet causes the people to perceive that the DAY begins at night. This would include ancient Babylon, Egypt, unfaithful Yashar'al (Israel), the Romans, and any modern factions. But most profoundly Yashar'al (Israel) can be called hypocrites for they had been given the direct honor

31 31 of bearing the oracles of truth, yet they followed after their heathen neighbors. But since the first century A.D., under pressure from the Romans, the Yahudim (Jews) proactively changed every unit of time by 180 degrees, including when the day begins. So is it possible that the modern Rabbinical Pharisee Yahudim (Jews) commence there Sabbath day according to our Creator's preordained criteria? Refer to article, TheCreator's Calendar Units of Time. Question 34: If it had always been true that the day commenced with the night, then the following words of our Creator would never have been necessary. "And the word of Yahuah came to Jeremiah, saying, "Thus says Yahuah: 'If you can break My covenant with the day and My covenant with the night, so that there will not be day and night in their [separate] seasons, then My covenant may also be broken with David My servant, so that he shall not have a son to reign on his throne, and with the Levites, the priests, My ministers." Jeremiah 33:19-21 NKJV Answer: This verse only makes sense if the day was originally ordained to commence at sunrise and the night was to begin at sunset. Both the Israelites and the Romans have caused it to appear that the day is to commence at night, either sunset, or midnight. But according to this verse, both of these are incorrect. Question 35: According to the words of the Most High, what is the difference between a day and a night? "Thus says Yahuah, who gives the SUN FOR A LIGHT BY DAY, the ordinances of THE MOON AND THE STARS FOR A LIGHT BY NIGHT, who disturbs the sea, and its waves roar (Yahuah of hosts is His name): 'If those ordinances depart from before Me, says Yahuah, then the seed of Israel shall also cease from being a nation before Me forever.'" Jeremiah 31:35-36 NKJV "To Him who made great lights, for His mercy endures forever-- The sun to rule by day, for His mercy endures forever; the moon and