Mandell L. Berman Institute North American Jewish Data Bank, Center for Judaic Studies and Contemporary Jewish Life

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1 THIS PUBLICATION IS PROVIDED BY THE NORTH AMERICAN JEWISH DATA BANK WITH PERMISSION FROM THE STUDY AUTHORS. THE NORTH AMERICAN JEWISH DATA BANK IS A COLLABORATIVE PROJECT OF THE JEWISH FEDERATIONS OF NORTH AMERICA AND THE UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT'S CENTER FOR JUDAIC STUDIES AND CONTEMPORARY JEWISH LIFE AND ROPER CENTER FOR PUBLIC OPINION RESEARCH. OUR MISSION IS TO: PROVIDE EMPIRICAL SURVEY DATASETS ABOUT THE NORTH AMERICAN JEWISH COMMUNITY FROM NATIONAL AND LOCAL SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC STUDIES AS WELL AS OTHER TYPES OF CONTEMPORARY AND HISTORICAL SOCIAL SCIENCE RESEARCH. MAKE AVAILABLE SUBSTANTIVE AND METHODOLOGICAL REPORTS ON THE JEWISH COMMUNITY, IN PARTICULAR, REPORTS BASED ON DATASETS THAT ARE PART OF THE ARCHIVE. PROMOTE THE DATA BANK TO JEWISH FEDERATIONS, COMMUNAL ORGANIZATIONS, FOUNDATIONS AND OTHER GROUPS INTERESTED IN RESEARCH CONCERNING JEWISH LIFE IN NORTH AMERICA. ENCOURAGE ACADEMICIANS, STUDENTS, COMMUNAL PROFESSIONALS AND OTHERS TO UTILIZE DATA BANK HOLDINGS AND TO SUBMIT THEIR STUDIES TO THE ARCHIVE. SPONSOR SEMINARS AND PROVIDE OTHER OPPORTUNITIES FOR RESEARCHERS AND PLANNERS TO DISCUSS ISSUES, IMPROVE METHODOLOGIES AND EXCHANGE IDEAS BASED ON QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH. PREPARE PUBLICATIONS AND OTHER FORMS OF INFORMATION DISSEMINATION CONCERNING SOCIAL SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH ABOUT NORTH AMERICAN JEWRY. PROVIDE TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE AND ADVICE TO JEWISH FEDERATIONS, RESEARCHERS, COMMUNAL PROFESSIONALS, JOURNALISTS AND OTHERS INTERESTED IN RESEARCH ON THE JEWISH COMMUNITY. PLEASE NOTE THAT OUR DATASETS AND REPORTS ARE PROVIDED FOR NON-COMMERCIAL USE ONLY. FOR MORE INFORMATION, PLEASE VISIT OUR WEBSITE AT Mandell L. Berman Institute North American Jewish Data Bank, Center for Judaic Studies and Contemporary Jewish Life University of Connecticut, 405 Babbidge Rd, Unit 1205, Storrs, CT info@jewishdatabank.org phone: fax:

2 1 Recent Trends in Jewish Demographics and Their Impact on the Jewish Media 2011 American Jewish Press Association Annual Conference Dallas, TX June, 2011 Ira M. Sheskin, Ph.D. Director of the Jewish Demography Project of the Sue and Leonard Miller Center for Contemporary Judaic Studies and Professor, Department of Geography and Regional Studies University of Miami

3 2 Outline of this Presentation Part I: Recent Trends in American Jewish Demography Part II: Demographic Profile of Users of the Jewish Media Part III: Data Sources for Reporters

4 3 Outline of this Presentation Part I: Recent Trends in American Jewish Demography Trend 1: Number of American Jews Trend 2: Changes in the Size of the Jewish Population Trend 3: Changing Geographic Distribution Trend 4: Loss of Jews Due to Intermarriage and Assimilation Trend 5: Investments of the Organized Jewish Community to Counteract the Forces of Assimilation Trend 6: Presence of FSU Jews and Israelis Part II: Demographic Profile of Users of the Jewish Media Part III: Data Sources for Reporters

5 4 Trend 1 How Many American Jews Are There? Probably Million, But We Do Not Know

6 5 Defining Jews Who Do We Count? Both a religious group and an ethnic group Jews by religion, Jews by ethnicity Orthodox and Conservative: matrilineal descent Reform and Reconstructionist: patrilineal and matrilineal descent Israeli Law of Return: one Jewish grandparent Social scientists studying American Jewry: Consider Self Jewish but no Messianics

7 6 Methods for Counting Jews Jews are not counted in the US Census (except for Kiryas Joel, Monsey, and New Square Older methods Census variables: "mother tongue and % Russian and Polish Absences from school on Yom Kippur Death records Current methods Random Digit Dialing (RDD Telephone Surveys Distinctive Jewish Name Ratios Key Informant/Internet estimates Brandeis University Meta-Analysis

8 7 Random Digit Dialing (RDD Telephone Surveys Generate four numbers at random to go at the end of each area code/exchange code in the study area, resulting in 10-digit numbers XXXX If a household is reached, inquire if anyone in the household is Jewish Calculate the percentage of households reached that are Jewish Ask household size and whether each person in household is Jewish Produces a population estimate and a random sample of Jews to be interviewed NJPS , AJIS , HARI , ARIS 2008 were all RDD Telephone Surveys

9 8 Screener Hello. We are calling for a population study for the Jewish community sponsored by the San Antonio Jewish Federation. We are NOT asking for donations or selling anything AND we do not know your name or address. We ARE randomly interviewing households with one or more Jewish persons. Was anyone in your household born or raised Jewish, or is anyone currently Jewish? Yes A mixed response No (There is a Jewish born or raised person in the household, but no one is currently Jewish. Since no one in your household is Jewish, let me just thank you for your time. Have a great (day/evening. Great! My name is, (FIRST NAME ONLY and your participation is important in helping the San Antonio Jewish community identify needs and plan for the future. Again, your answers will be anonymous. We do NOT know your name or address. DO THE SURVEY So that we can properly understand your answer, would you please tell me what you mean when you say someone in your household was (born/raised Jewish but is not currently Jewish? Continue with My name is for: Agnostic Atheist Doesn t identify as Jewish No religion Non-observant Non-practicing Non-religious Non-Western religion (Buddhist Nothing Secular Not consider self Jewish, but has NOT converted out and is not a 1. Messianic (Jews for Jesus, Hebrew Christian, Completed Jew 2. Converso, Marrano, Crypto Jew 3. Converted to another religion 4. Not formally converted to another religion, but regularly attends church or other services 5. Grandparent was Jewish 6. Father Jewish, but raised in another religion 7. Mother Jewish, but raised in another religion 8. Mother and father Jewish, but raised in another religion 9. Father Jewish, but not raised in any religion 10. Mother Jewish, but not raised in any religion 11. Mother and father Jewish, but not raised in any religion 12. Believes has some Jewish blood 13. Black Hebrews

10 9 Distinctive Jewish Name Ratios Berman Gross Lieberman Caplan Grossman Rosen Cohen Jacobs Rosenberg Epstein Jaffe Rosenthal Feldman Kahn Rubin Freedman Kaplan Schwartz Friedman Katz Shapiro Goldberg Kohn Siegel Goldman Levin Silverman Goldstein Levine Stern Goodman Levinson Weinstein Greenberg Levy Weiss About 8%-12% of Jews in US have one of these names

11 10 Key Informant and Internet Estimates Estimates of the Jewish population of over 1,000 American Jewish communities have been summarized annually in the American Jewish Year Book (AJYB, now Current Jewish Population Reports (CJPR When the results of an RDD survey or DJN procedure are available for a particular community, this is used in place of a key informant or Internet estimate Of the total number of Jews reported by the AJYB (now CJPR, more than 80% of that number is supported by RDD estimates of local Jewish communities from past 15 years These 1,000 local estimates are totaled to get a national estimate

12 11 Virginia The Virginia Section of the 2010 Current Jewish Population Report Blacksburg-Radford Charlottesville 1, Danville area Fredericksburg (parts of Spotsylvania, Stafford, King George, and Orange Counties Lynchburg area Martinsville Newport News-Hampton-Williamsburg-James City-York County, and Poquoson City 2, Norfolk (2001 3, Virginia Beach (2001 6, Chesepeake-Portsmouth-Suffolk (2001 1, Norfolk-Virginia Beach Total ( , Arlington-Alexandria-Falls Church ( , South Fairfax-Prince William County ( , West Fairfax-Loudoun County ( , Greater Washington Total in Northern Virginia ( , Petersburg-Colonial Heights-Hopewll Central (1994 2, West End (1994 2, Far West End (1994 4, Northeast (1994 1, Southside (1994 1, Richmond (Henrico and Chesterfield Counties Total ( , Roanoke Staunton-Lexington (Augusta, Bath, Highland, Page, Rockingham, and Shenandoah Counties Winchester (Clarke, Frederick, Warren, and Winchester Counties Other places 150 Total Virginia 97,890

13 12 Steinhardt Social Research Institute Meta-Analysis SSRI 2010 Uses 150 random digit dialing telephone surveys done for a whole variety of purposes that happened to ask a question about religious preference - leads to an estimate of Jewish adults by religion Has to extrapolate Jews by ethnicity based on NJPS ratio of Jews by religion to Jews by ethnicity Has to extrapolate Jews under age 20 based on NJPS ratio because many of the 150 surveys only interviewed Age 20+

14 13 7,000 Estimates of the Number of American Jews (thousands 6,544 6,467 6,000 5, RDD DJN Informant Internet RDD 6,000 RDD 5,340 RDD 5,200 RDD 4,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 0 CJPR 2010 SSRI 2010 HARI AJIS 2001 NJPS American Jewish Year Book Steinhardt Social Research Now: Current Jewish Population Reports Institute Sheskin and Dashefsky Leonard Saxe Heritage, Ancestry, and Religious Identification Tobin and Groeneman American Jewish Identity Survey Mayer, Kosmin, and Keysar National Jewish Population Survey Jewish Federations of North America

15 14 Why the Differences Between NJPS and CJPR? The CJPR estimate of million is well above the NJPS estimate of 5.2M Why? The NJPS estimate is too low A disproportionate percentage of Jews refused to participate in NJPS 2000, resulting in an undercount Each 0.1% error in percentage Jewish is 112,000 Jewish households containing 200,000 Jews The CJPR estimate is too high Students Snowbirds Movers between Studies Informants overstate numbers: but an analysis shows a 3% under reporting!

16 15 Largest Jewish Populations in World United States Israel France Canada United Kingdom Russia Argentina Germany Australia Brazil Ukraine South Africa Hungary Mexico Belgium Netherlands Italy Chile (6-6.4 million from CJPR (Sheskin and Dashefsky ,704 If 5.2 million is correct: more Jews in Israel than in US If million is correct: More Jews in US than in Israel 6, ,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000 (thousands Source: World Jewish Population, 2010 (Sergio DellaPergola

17 16 Trend 2 Is the Jewish Population Increasing, Decreasing or Remaining the Same? Probably Remaining the Same, But We Do Not Know

18 17 The Demise of the Jewish People Has Long Been Predicted Arnold Toynbee, in his classic 12-volume study of history ( was troubled by the one exception to his universal rules governing the eventual decline of every people. He declared that the Jews were a vestigial remnant of a people destined to perish soon

19 18 The Demise of American Jewry has Long Been Predicted RELIGION AMONG JEWS FOUND TO BE WANING; Case-Workers Also Contend the Charity Federation Here Is Not a Unifying Influence. Special to THE NEW YORK TIMES. May 30, 1934, Wednesday ATLANTIC CITY, May The New York committee of caseworkers, a section of the National Conference of Jewish Social Service, reported today that there was a decreasing influence of religion in American Jewish life and a large gap between the communal leadership and the masses, and that the Federation of Jewish Charities was not the unifying influence it purports to be.

20 19 May 5, 1964

21 Essays on the Ever-Dying People

22 21 7,000 (thousands Number of American Jews from National Jewish RDD Surveys: NJPS 1990 and NJPS ,000 5,000 4,000 3,000 5,500 Shows a decrease? Not really, because the 5.2 million is within the margin of error of the 5.5 million 5,200 2,000 1,000 Loss of 300,000 would have been loss of 500,000 with FSU Jews, or 50,000/year

23 22 7,000 (thousands 6,000 Number of American Jews from American Jewish Year Book Estimates RDD/DJN/Key Informant Sheskin and Dashefsky do not believe this indicates an increase of 603,000, but rather that a better job has been done of counting 5,000 4,000 3,000 5,941 5,981 5,798 5,828 5,840 5,880 5,900 6,000 6,005 6,061 6,136 6,165 6,452 6,433 6,489 6,537 6,544 2,000 1,000 0 No Data Source: American Jewish Year Book (Schwartz and Scheckner until 2001, Sheskin and Dashefsky

24 23 Number of American Jews from SSRI Meta-Analysis 7,000 (thousands 6,340 6,467 6,000 5,693 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 Shows an increase of 774,

25 24 Changes in the Jewish Population RDD Estimates Only Atlanta 10 Baltimore 11 Boston 10 Chicago 10 Cleveland 9 Columbus 11 Denver 10 Las Vegas 10 Miami 10 New York 11 Philadelphia 12 Sarasota 9 Seattle 10 South Palm Beach 10 West Palm Beach Earlier Study Later Study Studies completed 6-12 years apart 1,420 1, ,000 1,200 1,400 1,600 (in thousands

26 25 Changes in the Jewish Population RDD Estimates Only Detroit Now 67,000 Earlier Study Later Study Studies completed years apart Los Angeles Phoenix San Francisco Washington ,000 1,200 1,400 1,600 (in thousands

27 26 Increasing, Decreasing, or Remaining the Same? The data seem to show a Jewish population that has remained relatively constant over the past 20 years: But, only because of 335,000 FSU Jews by the year 2000 (now grown to at least 500,000 and maybe as much as 700,000 today Likely to decrease in the future due to: a very low fertility rate of 1.9, of which 1.4 will be raised as Jews (2.15 is replacement rate a high percentage of elderly a significant number of persons who opt out

28 Age Distribution-All Americans Median Age is 35 Years 12% are Age 65 and Over 6% are Age 75 and Over Age Group Males Females 0.1% 0.4% 0.3% 0.7% 0.7% 1.1% 1.1% 1.6% 1.4% 1.8% 1.6% 1.8% 1.8% 2.0% 2.3% 2.5% 3.1% 3.2% 3.5% 3.6% 4.0% 4.0% 4.0% 4.0% 3.7% 3.6% 3.5% 3.4% 3.4% 3.3% 3.7% 3.5% 3.7% 3.6% 3.7% 3.6% 3.5% 3.3% 8.0% 6.0% 4.0% 2.0% 0.0% 2.0% 4.0% 6.0% 8.0%

29 Age Distribution-Persons in Jewish Households Median Age is 39 Years 16% are Age 65 and Over 8% are Age 75 and Over For Jews: 19% are elderly and the median age is 42 years Age Group Males Females 0.1% 0.3% 0.5% 0.6% 1.1% 1.6% 1.8% 1.9% 1.8% 2.3% 2.0% 2.2% 1.7% 2.0% 2.5% 2.9% 4.1% 4.2% 4.0% 4.1% 3.4% 3.8% 3.4% 3.0% 3.3% 3.5% 3.6% 3.2% 4.4% 4.2% 2.9% 3.2% 3.0% 2.6% 2.9% 2.5% 2.8% 3.0% 8.0% 6.0% 4.0% 2.0% 0.0% 2.0% 4.0% 6.0% 8.0%

30 29 Political Implications Jews are either 1.7% or 2.1% of the American population depending on whether NJPS or CJPR is correct Jewish political influence comes from the Electoral College and from Jews concentrating in certain states (see Trend 3 Political influence will be dependent on a core group of politically-active Jews who donate and campaign But eventually, decreasing numbers will impact the ability of the Jewish community to influence policy

31 30 Psychological Implications Some Jews, who have themselves chosen to become less involved in Jewish life, feel that the "correctness" or "inevitability" of their choice has been confirmed by the fact that many others have followed the same path Other Jews have reacted with alarm at the implications of these findings. Jewish continuity was made a priority in many American Jewish communities, leading to additional funding for both formal and informal Jewish education and for programs like birthright Israel (see Trend 5

32 31 Economic Implications Cost of being Jewish is often a major reason for non-participation As the number of Jews decreases, particularly in small communities, the costs of running the community per remaining household increases Miami decreasing from 143,000 Jews to 113,000 Jews over a decade (20% has less impact then decreases in small communities. If San Antonio lost 20% of its 9,200 Jews, Jewish institutions in San Antonio would be much more impacted than in a larger community like Miami

33 32 Like Mark Twain, who read his own obituary in the Newspaper, American Jews can respond that the report of their death is highly exaggerated The US now has: Hundreds of College Judaic Studies Programs with thousands of courses and thousands of students. Almost none of this existed 50 years ago Thousands of Jewish and Israel-oriented websites More than 60 Florence Melton Adult Mini-Schools have opened since 1986 Chabad and Aish HaTorah are flourishing and attracting many non-orthodox Jews More than 50 Jewish museums Jewish Book Fairs, Jewish Film Festivals, and Israel Independence Day celebrations are attracting hundreds of thousands each year

34 33 Further Signs of Strength Foundation for Jewish Camp supports more than 150 Jewish camps throughout the US Taglit - Birthright Israel has taken over 150,000 American Jewish youth to Israel on free ten-day educational trips Hillel on the college campus has seen significant strengthening More than 100 Chabad Houses on US campuses Number of synagogues increased from 2,851 in 1936 to 3,727 in 2001

35 34 Further Signs of Strength In Judaism, in addition to a small but detectable surge in the Orthodox denomination, even the moderate Conservative and the progressive Reform denominations are shifting toward the older ways, including the use of more Hebrew in the services or stricter observance of the Halakha. Many young adults who are joining independent minyanim are drawn in part by the commitment to traditional liturgical practices and observances. Reform may still be the largest Jewish denomination in America, but much of the faith's vitality is devoted to recapturing those traditions that modernizers dismissed as relics. Modified from US News and World Report, December 13, 2007

36 35 Trend 3 Changing Geographic Distribution

37 36 Geographic Distribution of Jewish Population % of Jews live in New York 77% of Jews live in NY, CA, PA, NJ, IL, MA Each dot represents 10,000 Jews Dots are randomly placed within each state

38 37 Geographic Distribution of Jewish Population % of Jews live in New York 69% of Jews live in NY, CA, FL, NJ, PA, MA Each dot represents 10,000 Jews Dots are randomly placed within each state

39 38 Changes in Geographic Distribution of Jewish Population , Red States Lost Significant Jewish Population 6,620 23, ,210 3, , ,600 6,170 14, ,260 7,830-3, ,895 71,020 3,100 63,645-1,440 16,125-2,370-25,125-5,765-6, , ,080 77,535 53,940 6,100 13,000-2,545 56,675 1,935 20,320 85,400 8,550-1,240-1,305 3,130-2, ,020 Green States Gained Significant Jewish Population 62,665-5, ,635

40 39 Geographic Shift in Jewish Population 100% % 80% Percentage of Jews 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 63% 44% 21% 25% 20% 12% 12% 13% 11% 10% 0% Northeast Midwest South West Source: 1970: American Jewish Year Book 2010: Current Jewish Population Reports (Sheskin and Dashefsky

41 40 New York California Florida New Jersey Illinois Pennsylvania Massachusetts Maryland Ohio Texas Georgia Connecticut Arizona Virginia Colorado Michigan Nevada Missouri Oregon Washington Minnesota North Carolina Wisconsin Washington, D.C. Tennessee Rhode Island Kansas Indiana Delaware Maine New Mexico South Carolina Kentucky Louisiana New Hampshire Alabama Nebraska Iowa Alaska Hawai'i Vermont Utah Oklahoma West Virginia Arkansas Mississippi Idaho Montana Wyoming North Dakota South Dakota States with the Largest Jewish Population (Number of Jews 1,635,020(29 1,219,740 (55 638,235 (29 504,450(14 297,935(20 294,925(20 277,980(11 238,000 (10 Number of Electoral Votes in ( 148,380(18 139,565 (38 127, , ,400 97,640 91,070 87,270 74,400 59,125 50,250 46,885 45,635 30,395 28,255 28,000 19,600 States in red have Jewish members of Congress 18,750 17,775 17,470 15,100 13,890 12,175 11,745 11,300 10,675 10,120 8,850 6,800 6,240 6,150 5,780 5,385 5,050 4,500 2,335 1,725 1,575 Top 4 states account for 127 electoral votes 1,525 1, Top 10 states account for 244 electoral votes (270 electoral votes are needed to secure the White House 0 500,000 1,000,000 1,500,000 2,000,000 Recall what a difference a few votes in Florida made in 2000

42 41 New York New Jersey Washington, D.C. Massachusetts Maryland Florida California Connecticut Nevada Pennsylvania Illinois Arizona Rhode Island Colorado Delaware Georgia Virginia Ohio Missouri Minnesota Vermont Oregon Michigan Maine New Hampshire Washington Kansas New Mexico Texas Hawaii Alaska Wisconsin Nebraska Louisiana Tennessee North Carolina Indiana Kentucky South Carolina Iowa Alabama Utah Oklahoma West Virginia Montana Wyoming Idaho North Dakota Arkansas Mississippi South Dakota States with the Highest Percentage of Its Residents Who Area Jewish 2.3% 2.2% 1.8% 1.7% 1.7% 1.6% 1.4% 1.3% 1.3% 1.0% 0.9% 0.9% 0.9% 0.9% 0.8% 0.8% 0.7% 0.7% 0.6% 0.6% 0.5% 0.5% 0.5% 0.4% 0.4% 0.3% 0.3% 0.3% 0.3% 0.3% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.0% 3.7% 3.3% 3.2% 2.9% 4.3% 4.2% 5.5% 5.1% States in red have Jewish members of Congress Jews are a higher percentage of voters than of the population because they are older and tend to register and vote in higher proportion 0.0% 2.0% 4.0% 6.0% 8.0% 10.0% 8.4%

43 42 24 Largest American Jewish Communities (Number of Jews New York Los Angeles Chicago Washington Philadelphia Boston San Francisco Broward South Palm Beach West Palm Beach Atlanta Miami Baltimore East Bay Rockland County San Diego Bergen County Essex-Morris Phoenix Cleveland Monmouth County Las Vegas Detroit San Jose 270, , , , , , , , , ,300 93,400 90,000 90,000 89,000 92,500 91,000 82,900 81,500 70,000 67,500 67,000 63, ,200 Source: Current Jewish Population Reports (Sheskin and Dashefsky 1,412, , , , ,000 1,000,000 1,200,000 1,400,000

44 43 Implications of Change in Geographic Distribution Political Top 4 states for Jewish population have 128 electoral votes Top 10 states have 246 electoral votes 269 electoral votes needed to win presidency Recall what a difference a few votes in Florida made in 2000 Economic Need to rebuild infrastructure: synagogues, JCCs, Jewish day schools This need to rebuild infrastructure has also been affected by movement from urban to suburban areas Social Movement of Jews into areas with a low density of Jewish population contributes to friendship networks that contain many non-jews, thus increasing intermarriage

45 44 Electoral Votes by State Jews have moved to states with many electoral votes Top 4 states account for 127 electoral votes Top 10 states account for 244 electoral votes (270 electoral votes are needed to secure the White House Recall what a difference a few votes in Florida made in 2000

46 45 Jews in Congress 2009 (111th 13 Senators (13% 27 Representatives (6% D D 7 D 2 D D D D D D D D D D I D D 7 D D I D D D D D R 2 D Jews get elected from states in which Jews are a tiny percentage of the population Senate Seats in Red House Seats in Green D = Democratic R = Republican I = Independent

47 46 Trend 4 Loss of Jewish Population Due to Intermarriage and Assimilation

48 47 Atlanta 10 Atlantic County 19 Boston 10 Cleveland 9 Denver 10 Detroit 16 Las Vegas 10 Miami 10 New York 9 Philadelphia 13 Phoenix 19 San Francisco 18 Sarasota 9 Seattle 10 South Palm Beach 10 Washington 20 West Palm Beach 6 5% 6% 9% Changes in Couples Intermarriage Rate Percentage of existing couples who are intermarried 17% 15% 16% 26% 12% 16% 19% 22% 12% 22% 24% 11% 17% 20% 16% 23% 26% 27% 29% 32% 37% 39% 40% 40% 41% 46% 48% 50% 53% 56% 55% Earlier Study Later Study Red shows significant increases, Blue shows significant decreases 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

49 48 Atlanta 10 Atlantic County 19 Baltimore 14 Boston 10 Denver 10 Detroit 16 Miami 10 New York 9 Philadelphia 13 Phoenix 19 Rochester 13 San Francisco 18 Sarasota 9 South Palm Beach 10 Washington 20 West Palm Beach 6 Changes in Always/Usually Participate in a Passover Seder Red shows significant decreases, Blue shows significant increases 55% 57% 62% 62% 62% 65% 68% 69% 69% 72% 76% 80% 78% 86% 85% 82% 82% 82% 77% 79% 75% 77% 74% 81% 80% 78% 79% 80% 77% 80% 79% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 89% Earlier Study Later Study

50 49 Changes in Synagogue Membership Red shows significant decreases, Blue shows significant increases Atlanta 10 37% 33% Atlantic County 19 44% 51% Baltimore 14 55% 52% Boston 10 41% 43% Cleveland 9 52% 58% Denver 10 32% 37% Detroit 16 52% 50% Las Vegas 10 14% 34% Los Angeles 18 26% 34% Miami 10 37% 39% New York 9 38% 43% Philadelphia 13 40% 37% Phoenix 19 33% 29% San Francisco 18 22% 33% Sarasota 9 43% 45% Seattle 10 21% 33% South Palm Beach 10 Washington 20 36% 33% 39% 37% West Palm Beach 6 30% 37% Earlier Study Later Study 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

51 50 Atlanta 10 Atlantic County 19 Baltimore 14 Denver 10 Detroit 16 Las Vegas 10 Miami 10 New York 9 Phoenix 19 Rochester 13 Sarasota 9 South Palm Beach 10 Washington 20 West Palm Beach 6 Changes in Donated to Jewish Charities in the Past Year Red shows significant decreases, Blue shows significant increases 44% 44% 48% 49% 55% 53% 51% 59% 62% 58% 60% 66% 70% 67% 71% 67% 66% 69% 72% 71% 70% 67% 76% 75% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 76% 78% 83% 82% Earlier Study Later Study

52 51 Trend 5: Investments of the Organized Jewish Community to Counteract the Forces of Assimilation Jewish Day School Jewish Overnight Camp Jewish Youth Group Hillel/Chabad on Campus Trips to Israel (Birthright

53 52 New Data Source: The Decade 2000 Data Set 21 local Jewish community studies shown on next slide While not a random sample of all American Jews, the 19,000 interviews represent 536,000 Jewish households with 1,218,000 persons (about 20% of US Jewish households represented in this sample, but not a random sample of all American Jewish households Random Digit Dialing and Distinctive Jewish Name sampling Contains 19, minutes interviews with randomly-selected households in each community All studies done by Sheskin from Decade 2000

54 53 Sample Sizes of Local Jewish Community Studies That Are Part of the Decade 2000 Data Set Atlantic County 624 Bergen 1,003 Detroit 1,274 Hartford 763 Jacksonville 601 Las Vegas 1,197 Lehigh Valley 537 Miami 1,808 Middlesex 1,076 Minneapolis 746 Portland (ME Rhode Island San Antonio 675 Sarasota 616 South Palm Beach 1,511 St. Paul 494 Tidewater 628 Tucson Washington (DC West Palm Beach Westport ,201 1,534 Decade ,000 1,500 2,000 2,500

55 54 Attended a Jewish Day School as a Child (Born or Raised Jewish Adults Bergen New York Miami Harrisburg Cincinnati Detroit Phoenix Los Angeles Middlesex New Haven Atlanta San Diego Jacksonville Monmouth San Antonio Pittsburgh Rhode Island Tucson Columbus Tidewater Essex-Morris Lehigh Valley South Palm Beach Washington Cleveland Philadelphia Minneapolis St. Paul Broward Richmond Milwaukee St. Louis Wilmington Las Vegas Atlantic County Sarasota Hartford West Palm Beach Westport Charlotte Howard County Rochester 19% 18% 16% 15% 15% 14% 13% 12% 11% 11% 11% 11% 11% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 9% 9% 9% 9% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 7% 7% 7% 6% 6% 6% 6% 5% 5% 5% 4% 4% 24% NJPS % 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

56 55 100% Attended a Jewish Day School as a Child by Age and Sex Male Female (Born or Raised Jewish Adults 80% 60% 40% Decade % 23% 20% 12% 12% 8% 8% 8% 6% 5% 7% 11% 10% 0% Under All

57 56 Households in Which an Adult Received Some Formal Jewish Education as a Child Correlation with Adult Jewish Behaviors (Households with Born or Raised Jewish Adults 86% Passover Seder 78% Always + Usually 53% 87% In-married 74% 46% Synagogue Member 22% 43% 57% Decade 2000 Donated $100+ to Federation 9% 23% 26% To Jewish Day School To Supplemental School No Jewish Education 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

58 57 Attended or Worked at a Jewish Overnight Camp as a Child (Born or Raised Jewish Adults Philadelphia Phoenix Pittsburgh San Diego Detroit Minneapolis Howard County Cincinnati St. Paul Washington Bergen Lehigh Valley Rhode Island Charlotte Columbus San Antonio New Haven Miami Rochester Jacksonville Westport Los Angeles Milwaukee Las Vegas Wilmington Hartford Middlesex South Palm Beach West Palm Beach Atlantic County Monmouth Broward 45% 45% 44% 43% 42% 42% 42% 38% 37% 37% 37% 35% 35% 35% 33% 32% 31% 31% 31% 30% 30% 29% 28% 27% 26% 25% 24% 24% 23% 23% 19% 17% NJPS % 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

59 58 100% Attended or Worked at a Jewish Sleep Away Camp as a Child by Age (Born or Raised Jewish Adults Males Females 80% 60% 40% 46% 49% 38% 43% 32% 33% Decade % 31% 25% 24% 20% 16% 14% 0% Under All

60 59 Households in Which an Adult Attended or Worked at a Jewish Sleep Away Camp as a Child Correlation with Adult Jewish Behaviors (Households with Born or Raised Jewish Adults Passover Seder Always + Usually 70% 86% In-married 69% 82% Synagogue Member 35% 52% Decade 2000 Donated $100+ to Federation 17% 28% To Camp Not to Camp 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

61 60 Participated in a Jewish Teenage Youth Group as a Teenager Minneapolis Charlotte Detroit Jacksonville Milwaukee San Antonio Rhode Island Lehigh Valley St. Paul Rochester Wilmington Miami Washington Hartford Los Angeles New Haven St. Louis Las Vegas Middlesex Atlantic County Bergen Monmouth West Palm Beach South Palm Beach New York Westport Broward NJPS 2000 (Born or Raised Jewish Adults 52% 48% 47% 47% 47% 46% 46% 45% 45% 44% 44% 43% 42% 42% 41% 40% 39% 38% 37% 37% 36% 36% 34% 33% 33% 30% 30% 38% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

62 61 Participated in a Jewish Teenage Youth Group as a Teenager by Age 100% Males Females (Born or Raised Jewish Adults 80% 60% 40% 44% 52% 48% 49% 40% 39% 38% 41% Decade % 44% 28% 30% 20% 0% Under All

63 62 Households in Which an Adult Participated in a Jewish Youth Group as a Teenager Correlation with Adult Jewish Behaviors (Households with Born or Raised Jewish Adults Passover Seder Always + Usually 67% 86% In-married 65% 84% Synagogue Member 47% 53% Decade 2000 Donated $100+ to Federation 16% 27% Youth Group Participant Not Youth Group Participant 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

64 63 Participated in Hillel/Chabad While in College (Excluding High Holidays Wilmington Washington St. Paul Miami Minneapolis Jacksonville Rhode Island Milwaukee Bergen Hartford Rochester Columbus Monmouth Lehigh Valley Charlotte New Haven Middlesex San Antonio West Palm Beach Detroit South Palm Beach Atlantic County Broward Las Vegas Westport NJPS 2000 (Born or Raised Jewish Adults Who Attended College 40% 36% 35% 34% 33% 32% 32% 32% 31% 31% 29% 28% 28% 27% 27% 26% 25% 25% 25% 24% 24% 23% 23% 20% 20% 30% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

65 64 Participated in Hillel/Chabad While in College (Excluding High Holidays by Age 100% Males Females (Born or Raised Jewish Adults Who Attended College 80% 60% 40% 39% 42% Decade % 29% 23% 24% 27% 30% 25% 22% 27% 29% 20% 0% Under All

66 65 Households in Which an Adult Participated in Hillel/Chabad While in College (Excluding High Holidays Correlation with Adult Jewish Behaviors (Households with Born or Raised Jewish Adults Who Attended College Passover Seder Always + Usually 71% 89% In-married 66% 88% Synagogue Member 42% 58% Decade 2000 Donated $100+ to Federation 19% 31% Hillel Participant Not Hillel Participant 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

67 66 Correlations with Trips to Israel (Jewish Households Passover Seder Always + Usually 83% 91% 92% In-married 57% 82% 91% Synagogue Member 28% 48% 62% Decade 2000 Donated $100+ to Federation 11% 25% 38% An Adult Visited Israel on a Jewish Trip General Trip No Adult to Israel 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

68 67 Trend 6 Presence of Russians and Israelis

69 68 FSU Jews in the United States

70 69 Number of Persons in FSU Households in the United States National Jewish Population Survey indicates 289,000 (arrived in US post-1980 My estimate from the same study is 333,000 American Jewish Committee Study in 2000 put the number at 350,000 in New York and 35,000 in Philadelphia Overall, the Hebrew Immigrant Aid Society (HIAS assisted more than 400,000 Soviet Jews to immigrate to the US (Not all were Jewish HIAS estimates the current Russian-speaking population of Brooklyn at about 330,000 (cited in The Forward, April 9, 2010, p.4 Larissa Remennick in Russian Jews on Three Continents suggests 600, ,000 US Department of State: 598,000 Russian Jewish refugees from , but Department of Justice says 394,000 Based on the above, probably 400, ,000 FSU Jews nationwide today Estimated $1.25 billion spent settling these people as of about 1999 by Jewish charitable agencies, synagogues, and governments

71 70 Religious Practices (National Jewish Population Survey Mezuzah on Front Door 67% 67% FSU Non-FSU Passover Seder (Last Year 57% 80% Chanukah Candles (Last Year 57% 57% Sabbath Candles Always + Usually 28% 31% Kosher Home 17% 20% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

72 71 Mezuzah on Front Door Passover Seder Always + Usually Religious Practices (Jewish Households in Decade 2000 Data Set 60% 65% 72% 76% Chanukah Candles Always + Usually 70% 75% Sabbath Candles Always + Usually 22% 27% Kosher Home 15% 14% Kosher In/Out of Home (Respondents Refrain from Using Electricity on Sabbath (Respondents Christmas Tree Always + Usually + Sometimes 5% 4% 9% 7% 19% 25% Decade 2000 FSU Non-FSU 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

73 72 Jewish Identity (Jewish Respondents in Decade 2000 Data Set Orthodox 5% 5% Conservative 16% 30% Reform 16% 32% Just Jewish 32% 64% Decade 2000 FSU Non-FSU 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% Note: Reconstructionist, Traditional, Jewish Humanist, and Jewish Renewal not shown

74 73 Community Involvement / Intermarriage (Jewish Households in Decade 2000 Data Set Synagogue Member 30% 38% JCC Member 11% 17% JCC Participation 33% 31% Jewish Organization 15% 31% Very Familiar w/jewish Federation 13% 18% Always/Usually Read Jewish Newspaper 22% 32% Decade 2000 Couples Intermarriage Rate 23% 26% FSU Non-FSU 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

75 74 Emotional Attachment to Israel (Jewish Respondents in Decade 2000 Data Set Extremely 21% 34% Very 31% 36% Somewhat 24% 36% Not at All 6% 12% Decade 2000 FSU Non-FSU 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

76 75 Israeli Jews in the United States

77 76 Number of Israeli Jews (? in the United States A New Estimate for 2008 based upon ACS PUMS Data of Place of Birth Speak Hebrew at Home Israeli Ancestry Number (Adults + Children Israel 63% Yes + 37% No 47% Yes + 53% No 136,476 (Israeli born North America 22% Yes + 78% No Yes 66,319 North America Yes No 98,224 Elsewhere 54% Yes + 46% No Yes 8,943 Elsewhere Yes No 18,993 Total Israeli Connected 68% Yes + 32% No 42% Yes + 58% No 328,955 (Israeli connected Speak Hebrew at Home Yes 222,279 Israeli Ancestry Yes 139,142

78 77 Geographic Distribution of Israeli-born Population % of Israeli-born live in NY 51% in NY or CA 68% in NY, CA, FL, or NJ 136,476 persons (ACS PUMS Each dot represents 140 Israeli-born persons Dots are randomly placed within each state

79 78 Marriages Involving Israeli Jews (Married Couples in Decade 2000 Data Set Both Israeli 36% Decade Israeli 1 American 64%

80 79 Jewish Connectivity of Israeli Households - I (Jewish Respondents in Decade 2000 Data Set Orthodox 14% 19% Israeli born Israeli born or connected Not Israeli 4% 28% Conservative 32% 31% 7% Note use of Conservative and Reform nomenclature among Israelis Reform 16% 32% Just Jewish 32% 37% 46% Decade % 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% Note: Reconstructionist, Traditional, Jewish Humanist, and Jewish Renewal not shown

81 80 Jewish Connectivity of Israeli Households - III (Jewish Households in Decade 2000 Data Set Synagogue Services 1X/Month+ (Respondents 21% 37% 31% Israeli born Israeli born or connected Not Israeli Intermarried 11% 18% 26% Synagogue Member 44% 39% 38% JCC Member 19% 17% 11% Participated in a JCC Program in the Past Year 31% 38% 41% Jewish Organization Member Feel Very Much/Somewhat Part Local J Community (Respondents 18% 25% 31% 56% 58% 54% Decade % 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

82 81 Outline of this Presentation Part I: Recent Trends in American Jewish Demography Part II: Demographic Profile of Users of the Jewish Media Print Media Internet Part III: Data Sources

83 82 Local Jewish Newspapers Level of Readership Percentage of Demographic Groups Who Are Readers Profile of Readers Perception of Quality of the Jewish Newspapers

84 83 Readership of Local Jewish Newspapers (Jewish Respondents Usually 8% Always 29% Sometimes 21% Decade 2000 Never 43%

85 84 Detroit San Antonio * Rhode Island * Jacksonville * Tidewater * Lehigh Valley * Milwaukee * Charlotte * Tucson * Broward Minneapolis * Bergen * Sarasota * Middlesex * West Palm Beach South Palm Beach St. Paul * Atlantic County Monmouth * Portland (ME * New Haven * Hartford Las Vegas * Washington Westport * Always/Usually Read a Local Jewish Newspaper (Jewish Respondents 14% 14% 49% 49% 48% 47% 47% 46% 45% 42% 42% 39% 38% 37% 37% 36% 36% 35% 33% 29% 26% 26% 25% 24% 57% Charlotte - Charlotte Jewish News * Minneapolis - American Jewish World St. Paul - Twin Cities Jewish Life * Minneapolis - Twin Cities Jewish Life * St. Paul - American Jewish World Charlotte - Jewish Times Outlook Las Vegas - Jewish Reporter * Las Vegas - Israelite Individual Newspapers in Communities with More Than One Newspaper 44% 28% 28% 28% * The Jewish newspaper or one of the Jewish 25% newspapers in the community is published by the 23% Jewish Federation and is distributed to some or all of 20% the households on the Jewish Federation mailing list 9% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

86 85 Local Jewish Newspapers Included in Decade 2000 Data Set Community Newspaper Community Newspaper Atlantic County Jewish Times of South Jersey Orlando The Heritage Bergen * Jewish Standard Portland (ME * The Voice Broward Broward Jewish Journal Rhode Island * Jewish Voice & Herald Buffalo Buffalo Jewish Review Richmond * The Reflector Charlotte * Charlotte Jewish News and Jewish Times Outlook San Antonio * Jewish Journal of San Antonio Detroit Detroit Jewish News Sarasota * The Chronicle Essex-Morris MetroWest Jewish News Seattle * Seattle Jewish Transcript Harrisburg * Community Review St. Petersburg Jewish Press of Pinellas County Hartford Connecticut Jewish Ledger St. Louis St. Louis Jewish Light Jacksonville * Jacksonville Jewish News St. Paul * American Jewish World and Twin Cities Jewish Life Las Vegas * Jewish Reporter and Las Vegas Israelite S Palm Beach Palm Beach Jewish Journal Lehigh Valley * Hakol Tidewater * Southeastern Virginia Jewish News Middlesex * New Jersey Jewish News Tucson * Arizona Jewish Post Milwaukee * Milwaukee Jewish Chronicle Washington Washington Jewish Week Minneapolis * American Jewish World and Twin Cities Jewish Life W Palm Beach Palm Beach Jewish Journal Monmouth * Jewish Voice Westport * Shalom New Haven * Shalom New Haven

87 86 Seattle * Westport * Washington Las Vegas * Orlando Portland (ME * New Haven * Sarasota * Tucson * Monmouth * Atlantic County St. Petersburg Hartford Buffalo Essex-Morris South Palm Beach West Palm Beach Bergen * Harrisburg * Middlesex * Lehigh Valley * Tidewater * St. Paul * Charlotte * St. Louis Minneapolis * Milwaukee * Richmond * Jacksonville * Rhode Island * Broward San Antonio * Detroit Las Vegas - Las Vegas Israelite Las Vegas - Jewish Reporter * Charlotte - Jewish Times Outlook St. Paul - American Jewish World Minneapolis - American Jewish World St. Paul - Twin Cities Jewish Life * Minneapolis - Twin Cities Jewish Life * Charlotte - Charlotte Jewish News * Never Read a Local Jewish Newspaper (Jewish Respondents 48% 47% 46% 46% 44% 43% 42% 41% 39% 39% 39% 37% 37% 37% 36% 36% 35% 34% 34% 34% 33% 31% 31% 29% 70% 66% 61% 58% 57% 56% 54% 22% Individual Newspapers in Communities with More Than One Newspaper 56% 52% 50% 47% 46% 37% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 71% 79% * The Jewish newspaper or one of the Jewish newspapers in the community is published by the Jewish Federation and is distributed to some or all of the households on the Jewish Federation mailing list 81%

88 87 Always/Usually Read Local Jewish Newspaper (Jewish Respondents All 37% 0-4 Years in Local Community 19% 5-9 Years Years 29% 34% 20+ Years 45% Under 35 14% % % % % 65+ Male 28% 47% Decade 2000 Female 42% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

89 88 Always/Usually Read Local Jewish Newspaper (Jewish Respondents All 37% Household with Children 31% Household with Only Adult Children 34% Non-Elderly Couple 32% Non-Elderly Single 24% Elderly Couple 50% Elderly Single 46% Income under $25,000 37% $25-$50,000 39% $50-$100,000 35% $100-$200,000 35% $200, % Orthodox 53% Conservative 53% Reform 37% Just Jewish In-married Conversionary 19% 39% 49% Decade 2000 Intermarried 14% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

90 89 Always/Usually Read Local Jewish Newspaper (Jewish Respondents All 37% Synagogue Member Non-Member 24% 54% JCC Member Non-Member 34% 57% Jewish Organization Member Non-Member 27% 58% To Jewish Day School 46% To Supplemental School 38% No Jewish Education 26% To Overnight Camp 41% Not to Overnight Camp 33% Youth Group Participant Not Youth Group Participant Hillel/Chabad Participant Not Hillel/Chabad Participant 29% 30% 44% 46% Decade % 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

91 90 Always/Usually Read Local Jewish Newspaper (Jewish Respondents All 37% Very Familiar with Federation 66% Somewhat Familiar 42% Not at All Familiar 17% Jewish Trip to Israel 52% General Trip to Israel 40% Not to Israel 28% Donated to Federation 58% Asked, Did Not Donate 39% Not Asked 18% Federation Non-Donor Donated under $100 Donated $100-$500 Donated $ % 55% 58% 66% Decade % 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

92 91 Profile of Households in Which the Jewish Respondent Always/Usually Reads Local Jewish Newspaper Length of Residence Age Household Income % % 0-4 Years 8% % % Under 35 4% $25-$50 20% < $25,000 14% $ % % % $50-$100 31% $100-$200 23% Decade 2000

93 92 Profile of Households in Which the Jewish Respondent Always/Usually Reads Local Jewish Newspaper Jewish Identification Kosher Home Synagogue Attendance Reform 33% Conservative 43% Orthodox 6% Other 2% Just Jewish 17% Yes 11% No 89% Few Times/Yr 26% High Holidays Only 24% 1 Month+ 35% Never 15% Decade 2000

94 93 Profile of Households in Which the Jewish Respondent Always/Usually Reads Local Jewish Newspaper Adult Jewish Education Used Internet Marriage Type in the Past Year for Jewish Info in Past Year Yes 39% Yes 49% In-marriage 83% No 61% No 51% Conversionary 7% Intermarriage 10% Decade 2000

95 94 Profile of Households in Which the Jewish Respondent Always/Usually Reads Local Jewish Newspaper Yes 61% Membership Synagogue JCC Jewish Organization Yes 21% Yes 51% No 39% No 79% No 49% Decade 2000

96 95 Profile of Households in Which the Jewish Respondent Always/Usually Reads Local Jewish Newspaper An Adult in Household to Israel Emotional Attachment to Israel Jewish Trip 32% Extremely 29% General Trip 29% Very 36% Not 5% Not to Israel 39% Somewhat 30% Decade 2000

97 96 Profile of Households in Which the Jewish Respondent Always/Usually Reads Local Jewish Newspaper Nothing 35% Donated in Past Year Jewish Federation Other Jewish Charities < $100 24% Nothing 28% < $100 30% $ % $100-$500 21% $500-$1000 6% $ % $100-$500 28% $500-$1000 8% Decade 2000

98 97 Perception of Local Jewish Newspaper (Jewish Respondents Who Always/Usually/Sometimes Read Local Jewish Newspaper Excellent 26% Poor 2% Good 56% Fair 16% Decade 2000

99 98 Excellent Perceptions of Local Jewish Newspaper (Jewish Respondents Who Always/Usually/Sometimes Read Local Jewish Newspaper St. Louis St. Petersburg Detroit Jacksonville * Lehigh Valley * San Antonio * Harrisburg * Atlantic County Rhode Island * Orlando Middlesex * Las Vegas - Jewish Reporter * West Palm Beach South Palm Beach Portland (ME * Minneapolis - American Jewish World New Haven * Las Vegas - Israelite Minneapolis - Twin Cities Jewish Life * Washington St. Paul - American Jewish World St. Paul - Twin Cities Jewish Life * 24% 24% 24% 24% 23% 20% 19% 18% 18% 18% 17% 17% 16% 14% 14% 14% 43% 38% 37% 35% 33% 33% * The Jewish newspaper is published by the Jewish Federation and is distributed to some or all of the households on the Jewish Federation mailing list 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

100 99 Fair/Poor Perceptions of Local Jewish Newspaper (Jewish Respondents Who Always/Usually/Sometimes Read Local Jewish Newspaper St. Paul - Twin Cities Jewish Life * Las Vegas - Israelite St. Paul - American Jewish World Washington Minneapolis - American Jewish World South Palm Beach New Haven * Portland (ME * West Palm Beach Las Vegas - Jewish Reporter * Detroit Minneapolis - Twin Cities Jewish Life * Rhode Island * Orlando Atlantic County Middlesex * Harrisburg * San Antonio * St. Louis Lehigh Valley * Jacksonville * St. Petersburg * 30% 28% 28% 26% 23% 22% 22% 22% 21% 21% 20% 19% 18% 18% 17% 17% 16% 13% 11% 11% 11% 9% * The Jewish newspaper is published by the Jewish Federation and is distributed to some or all of the households on the Jewish Federation mailing list 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% Fair Poor

101 100 Local Jewish Internet Sites Level of Use Percentage of Demographic Groups Who Are Users Newspapers vs. Internet

102 101 Used the Internet for Jewish-Related Information in the Past Year San Antonio 2007 Washington 2003 Portland (ME 2007 San Francisco 2004 Lehigh Valley 2007 Detroit 2005 St. Paul 2004 Middlesex 2008 New Haven 2010 Minneapolis 2004 Jacksonville 2002 Tucson 2002 Tidewater 2001 Las Vegas 2005 Rhode Island 2002 Bergen 2001 New York 2002 Miami 2004 West Palm Beach 2005 Westport 2000 Rochester 1999 Atlantic County 2004 Hartford 2000 South Palm Beach 2005 Sarasota 2001 NJPS 2000 (Jewish Respondents 59% 58% 57% 55% 52% 50% 50% 48% 47% 46% 42% 41% 41% 40% 40% 39% 37% 35% 34% 33% 33% 32% 30% 29% 29% 40% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

103 % Used the Internet for Jewish-Related Information in the Past Year (Jewish Respondents (R =.557, alpha = % 60% 58% 55% 50% 46% 50% 59% 57% 52% 48% 47% 40% 33%33% 30% 41% 39% 29% 42% 41%40% 37% 35% 32% 40% 34% 29% 20% 0%

104 103 Used the Internet for Local Jewish-Related Information in the Past Year (Jewish Respondents San Antonio 37% Washington 36% Lehigh Valley Detroit St. Paul Portland (ME Minneapolis Las Vegas New Haven Middlesex Jacksonville Miami West Palm Beach South Palm Beach Atlantic County 30% 30% 29% 27% 26% 21% 17% 17% 16% 14% 11% 9% 9% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

105 104Visited the Local Jewish Federation Website in the Past Year (Jewish Respondents Lehigh Valley Portland (ME San Antonio St. Paul Detroit Minneapolis Las Vegas Tucson New Haven Middlesex Miami West Palm Beach South Palm Beach Atlantic County 13% 13% 13% 13% 12% 11% 9% 9% 8% 8% 5% 4% 3% 1% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

106 105 Used the Internet for Jewish-Related Information in the Past Year (Jewish Respondents All 42% Under 35 60% % % % % % Male 43% Female 41% Household with Children 61% Household with Only Adult Children 54% Non-Elderly Couple Non-Elderly Single Elderly Couple Elderly Single 14% 32% 49% 47% Decade % 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

107 106 Used the Internet for Jewish-Related Information in the Past Year (Jewish Respondents All 42% Income under $25,000 $25-$50,000 $50-$100,000 21% 36% 49% $100-$200,000 $200, % 54% Orthodox 53% Conservative Reform Just Jewish 32% 48% 44% In-married Conversionary Intermarried 40% 50% 63% Synagogue Member Non-Member 34% 54% JCC Member Non-Member Jewish Organization Member Non-Member 39% 38% 50% 55% Decade % 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

108 107 Used the Internet for Jewish-Related Information in the Past Year All (Jewish Respondents 42% To Jewish Day School To Supplemental School No Jewish Education 25% 43% 57% To Overnight Camp Not to Overnight Camp Youth Group Participant Not Youth Group Participant 33% 31% 53% 56% Hillel/Chabad Participant Not Hillel/Chabad Participant 39% 60% Jewish Trip to Israel General Trip to Israel Not to Israel 35% 44% 54% Donated to Federation Asked, Did Not Donate Not Asked 41% 37% 48% Federation Non-Donor Donated under $100 Donated $100-$500 Donated $ % 40% 54% 58% Decade % 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

109 108 Used the Internet for Local Jewish-Related Information in the Past Year (Jewish Respondents All 21% Under 35 36% % % % 75+ 6% 65+ 9% Male 21% Female 20% Household with Children 37% Household with Only Adult Children 27% Non-Elderly Couple Non-Elderly Single Elderly Couple Elderly Single 5% 11% 23% 27% Decade % 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

110 109 Used the Internet for Local Jewish-Related Information in the Past Year (Jewish Respondents All 21% Income under $25,000 $25-$50,000 $50-$100,000 9% 16% 26% $100-$200,000 $200, % 28% Orthodox 30% Conservative Reform Just Jewish 14% 24% 22% In-married Conversionary Intermarried 19% 24% 37% Synagogue Member Non-Member 15% 30% JCC Member Non-Member Jewish Organization Member Non-Member 19% 19% 25% 34% Decade % 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

111 110 Used the Internet for Local Jewish-Related Information in the Past Year (Jewish Respondents All 21% To Jewish Day School To Supplemental School No Jewish Education 11% 21% 30% To Overnight Camp Not to Overnight Camp 14% 31% Youth Group Participant Not Youth Group Participant 14% 28% Hillel/Chabad Participant Not Hillel/Chabad Participant 18% 33% Jewish Trip to Israel General Trip to Israel Not to Israel 20% 17% 30% Donated to Federation Asked, Did Not Donate Not Asked 20% 16% 27% Federation Non-Donor Donated under $100 Donated $100-$500 Donated $ % 21% 32% 37% Decade % 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

112 111 Readership of Local Jewish Newspapers Compared to Local Jewish Internet Use (Jewish Respondents Paper-No Internet 43% Do Both 15% Internet-No Paper 6% Neither 36% Decade 2000

113 112 Readership of Local Jewish Newspapers Compared to Local Jewish Internet Use (Jewish Respondents Under Age 35 Paper-No Internet 22% Do Both 15% Internet-No Paper 19% Neither 41% Decade 2000

114 113 Always/Usually Read Local Jewish Newspaper and Used the Internet for Local Jewish-Related Information and in the Past Year by Age (Jewish Respondents 100% Newspaper Internet Decade % 60% 60% 58% 40% 28% 36% 48% 44% 32% 50% 37% 42% 20% 14% 18% 0% Under All

115 114 Always/Usually Read Local Jewish Newspaper and Used the Internet for Local Jewish-Related Information in the Past Year by Income (Jewish Respondents 100% 80% Newspaper Internet Decade % 56% 54% 49% 40% 37% 39% 36% 35% 35% 37% 37% 42% 20% 21% 0% Income < $25,000 $25-$50,000 $50-$100,000 $100-$200,000 $200,000+ All

116 115 Always/Usually Read Local Jewish Newspaper and Used the Internet for Local Jewish-Related Information and in the Past Year by Marriage Type (Jewish Respondents 100% Newspaper Internet Decade % 63% 60% 49% 50% 40% 39% 40% 20% 14% 0% In-married Conversionary Intermarried

117 116 Outline of this Presentation Part I: Recent Trends in American Jewish Demography Part II: Demographic Profile of Users of the Jewish Media Part III: Data Sources for Reporters

118 117 Websites for the Jewish Media with Scientific Data (US Census Bureau 2010 Census American Community Survey (North American Jewish Data Bank (Berman Jewish Policy Archive

119 118 Thank You: Ira Sheskin Any questions?