Abu Haneefah College of Fiqh

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1 FQ-101 Essentials of Fiqh By Mufti Faisal bin Abdul Hameed al Mahmudi Abu Haneefah College of Fiqh

2 Fiqh Linguistically: To open something, expose, explain Faqeeh: A person who will exert to explain and expose the correct rulings of Shariah. Fiqhus Shariah To expose the dictates of shariah to understanding its rulings. Technically it refers to that field of knowledge of the juristic rulings which are established through detailed evidences. Fiqh of belief / aqeedah Fiqh of actions

3 Objective and Aim Gaining the success of both the worlds. Subject Matter Book of Allah Sunnah of Rasulullah salallahu alayhi wasallam Ijma Qiyas

4 Status of Fiqh Fardh al ayn (primary obligation): To learn about those essentials which are required by oneself to practice on religion. Fardh al kifaya (secondary obligation): To learn additional in order to teach others. في ل ي ت ف قه وا ط اي ف ة م ن ه م ف ر ق ة ك ل م ن ن ف ر ف ل و لا ك اف ة ل ي ن ف ر وا ال م و م ن و ن ك ا ن {و م ا [122 ل ع ل ه م إ ل ي ه م ر ج ع وا إ ذ ا ق و م ه م و ل ي ن ذ ر وا ال دين يح ذ ر و ن} [التوبة: It is not appropriate for the Mu mineen to go forth all at once (in battle). Why not then a party from the whole troops (go forth and the rest stay) so that they may learn Deen and warn their nation when they return to them, so perhaps they will be cautious. (9:122)

5 Historic Aspect Time of Sahabah radiallahu anhum: Muhaddith: Those who excelled in preservation of ahadeeth through hifdh. e.g. Sayiduna Abu Hurairah, Anam ibn Malik radiallahu anhum. Faqeeh: Who excelled in understanding the dictates along with memorizing the ahadeeth as well. e.g. Sayiduna Ali, ibn Abbas, Mu adh radiallahu anhum.

6 Time of Tabi yeen: Madinah as a city of Uloom Counsel of 7 giants 1. Sa eed bin Musayyib (94h) ; 2. Urwa bin Zubayr (94h); 3. Qasim bin Muhammad bin Abi Bakr Sideeq (108h); 4. Kharjah bin Zaid (99h); 5. Ubaidullah bin Abdullah (98h); 6. Suleman bin Yassar (109h) 7. Difference of opinion* There is a difference who was the seventh one. Some suggested it was Abu Salamah bin Abdur Rahman, while other say Salim bin Abdullah or Abu Bakr ibn Abdur Rahman etc.

7 Codification and Founder: No formal codification for Fiqhi rulings in the early generation. Codification started in later generation. Musnad Khawarizmi mentions Imam Abu Haneefah rahimahullah as the founder of such codification in specific chapters etc. Chose 40 intellectuals from 1000 students (these were mujtahids of their time)

8 Fiqh al Hanafiya 40 mujtahids counsel to discuss and decide. Main students of Imam Saheb o Abu Yusuf ; Zufr bin Huzail; Dawood Ta yee; Yusuf bin Khalid Simti (teacher Imam Shafi i); Yahya bin Zakriyah etc The counsel was well balanced with Fuqaha, Muhadditheen, Mantiqiyeen, Mufassireen etc. Imam Shafi i says, In fiqh we are in need of Imam Abu Hanifah rahimahullah And, Whoever wishes to learn fiqh, then it is binding for him to hold onto students of Imam Abu Haneefah rahimahullah, because the meanings and objectives have become easy on them, and by Allah I have mastered only through the books of Imam Muhammad (al She bani).

9 Some Terminologies Juristic Rulings Prohibition Command Rukhsah (Excused) Azeemah (required) Makruh (Disliked) Haram (Prohibited) Nafl Sunnah Wajib Fardh Tanzihi (lightly) Haram (Prohibited) Zawa id Huda Kifaya Ayn Non-Mu akadah Mu akada

Welcome to ALI 440: Topical Tafsir of Quran Family Relationships

Welcome to ALI 440: Topical Tafsir of Quran Family Relationships Check the following verses in your copy of the Quran Verses for today s session 1) Sura Nur, no.24, verse 36 2) Sura Nahl, no.16, verse