Solah Guide References

Transcription

1 WHO SHOULD PRAY 1 When children should start praying Reference : Sunan Abi Dawud 495 In-book reference : Book 2, Hadith 0 Narrated Abdullah ibn Amr ibn al-'as: The Messenger of Allah SAW said: Command your children to pray when they become seven years old, and beat them for it (prayer) when they become ten years old; and arrange their beds (to sleep) separately. REFRAIN FROM PRAYERS 2 Those who are not required to pray Reference : Sunan Abi Dawud 4403 In-book reference : Book 40, Hadith 53 English translation : Book 39, Hadith 4389 Narrated Ali ibn AbuTalib: The Prophet SAW said: There are three (persons) whose actions are not recorded: a sleeper till he awakes, a boy till he reaches puberty, and a lunatic till he comes to reason. Abu Dawud said: Ibn Juraij has transmitted it from Al-Qasim b. Yazid on the authority of 'Ali from the Prophet SAW. This version adds: "and an old man who is feeble-minded." 3 Menstruation Reference : Sahih al-bukhari 331 In-book reference : Book 6, Hadith 35 USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 1, Book 6, Hadith 327 Narrated `Aisha: The Prophet SAW said to me, "Give up the prayer when your menses begin and when it has finished, wash the blood off your body (take a bath) and start praying." 4 Post-natal bleeding Reference : Sunan Abi Dawud 311 In-book reference : Book 1, Hadith 311 Narrated Umm Salamah, Ummul Mu'minin: The woman having bleeding after delivery (puerperal haemorrhage) would refrain (from prayer) for forty days or forty nights; and we would anoint our faces with an aromatic herb called wars to remove dark spots. 5 Sunan Ibn Majah English reference : Vol. 1, Book 1, Hadith 649 Arabic reference : Book 1, Hadith 693 It was narrated that Anas said: "The Messenger of Allah set the time for postnatal bleeding at forty days, except for one who becomes pure before that." 1 of 36

2 6 Signs that the period has finished Reference : Sahih al-bukhari 326 In-book reference : Book 6, Hadith 31 USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 1, Book 6, Hadith 323 Narrated Um `Atiya: We never considered yellowish discharge as a thing of importance (as menses). PURIFICATION 7 Ghusl when there is sexual discharge during sleep (wet dreams) Reference : Sahih al-bukhari 282 In-book reference : Book 5, Hadith 34 USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 1, Book 5, Hadith 280 Narrated Um-Salama: (the mother of the believers) Um Sulaim, the wife of Abu Talha, came to Allah's Messenger SAW and said, "O Allah's Messenger SAW! Verily Allah is not shy of (telling you) the truth. Is it necessary for a woman to take a bath after she has a wet dream (nocturnal sexual discharge)?" Allah's Messenger SAW replied, "Yes, if she notices a discharge." 8 Ghusl is required for wet dreams Reference : Sahih Muslim 343 b In-book reference : Book 3, Hadith 98 USC-MSA web (English) reference : Book 3, Hadith 679 Abu Sa'id al-khudri reported: The Apostle of Allah (may peace be upon him) observed: Water is for water. 9 Ghusl is required after sexual intercourse Reference : Sahih al-bukhari 291 In-book reference : Book 5, Hadith 43 USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 1, Book 5, Hadith 289 Narrated Hisham: as the following Hadith 290. Narrated Abu Huraira: The Prophet SAW said, "When a man sits in between the four parts of a woman and did the sexual intercourse with her, bath becomes compulsory." 10 Ghusl is required after menstruation Reference : Sahih al-bukhari 331 In-book reference : Book 6, Hadith 35 USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 1, Book 6, Hadith 327 Narrated `Aisha: The Prophet SAW said to me, "Give up the prayer when your menses begin and when it has finished, wash the blood off your body (take a bath) and start praying." 2 of 36

3 11 Ghusl is required on Fridays Reference : Sahih al-bukhari 858 In-book reference : Book 10, Hadith 249 USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 1, Book 12, Hadith 817 Narrated Abu Said Al-Khudri: The Prophet said, "Ghusl (taking a bath) on Friday is compulsory for every Muslim reaching the age of puberty." 12 Amount of water to use for Ghusl and Ablution Reference : Sahih al-bukhari 201 In-book reference : Book 4, Hadith 67 USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 1, Book 4, Hadith 200 Narrated Anas: The Prophet SAW used to take a bath with one Sa` up to five Mudds (1 Sa` = 4 Mudds) of water and used to perform ablution with one Mudd of water. ** One Saa' is approximately 3 litres, one Mudd is about 750ml. Using scent over private areas for post menstruation 13 Reference : Sahih al-bukhari 315 In-book reference : Book 6, Hadith 20 USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 1, Book 6, Hadith 312 Narrated `Aisha: An Ansari woman asked the Prophet SAW how to take a bath after finishing from the menses. He replied, "Take a piece a cloth perfumed with musk and clean the private parts with it thrice." The Prophet SAW felt shy and turned his face. So pulled her to me and told her what the Prophet SAW meant Nasa'i English reference : Vol. 1, Book 1, Hadith 252 Arabic reference : Book 1, Hadith 253 It was narrated from 'Aishah that a woman asked the Prophet SAW about performing Ghusl following menstruation and he told her how to perform Ghusl. Then he said: "Take a piece of cloth perfumed with musk and purify yourself with it." She said: "How should I purify myself with it?" He covered his face then said: "Subhan Allah! Purify yourself with it." 'Aishah said: "I took the woman aside and said: 'Wipe away the traces of blood with it.'" 3 of 36

4 15 Performing the full bath and not wiping off with a cloth Reference : Sahih al-bukhari 276 In-book reference : Book 5, Hadith 28 USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 1, Book 5, Hadith 275 Narrated Maimuna: I placed water for the bath of the Prophet SAW and screened him with a garment. He poured water over his hands and washed them. After that he poured water with his right hand over his left and washed his private parts, rubbed his hands with earth and washed them, rinsed his mouth, washed his nose by putting water in it and then blowing it out and then washed his face and forearms. He poured water over his head and body. He then shifted from that place and washed his feet. I gave him a piece of cloth but he did not take it and came out removing the water (from his body) with both his hands Pouring over the head 3 times Reference : Sahih al-bukhari 255 In-book reference : Book 5, Hadith 8 Narrated Jabir bin `Abdullah: The Prophet SAW used to pour water three times on his head. Ablution 17 Reference : Sahih al-bukhari 192 In-book reference : Book 4, Hadith 58 USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 1, Book 4, Hadith 191 Narrated Amr bin Yahya: My father said, "I saw Amr bin Abi Hasan asking 'Abdullah bin Zaid about the ablution of the Prophet. Abdullah bin Zaid asked for an earthenware pot containing water and performed ablution in front of them. He poured water over his hands and washed them thrice. Then he put his (right) hand in the pot and rinsed his mouth and washed his nose by putting water in it and then blowing it out thrice with three handfuls of water. Again he put his hand in the water and washed his face thrice. After that he put his hand in the pot and washed his forearms up to the elbows twice and then again put his hand in the water and passed wet hands over his head by bringing them to the front and then to the back and once more he put his hand in the pot and washed his feet (up to the ankles.)" 18 Reference : Sunan Abi Dawud 145 In-book reference : Book 1, Hadith 145 Narrated Anas ibn Malik: Whenever the Messenger of Allah SAW performed ablution, he took a handful of water, and, putting it under his chin, made it go through his beard, saying: Thus did my Lord command me Ablution Ears Reference : Jami` at-tirmidhi 36 In-book reference : Book 1, Hadith 36 Ibn 'Abbas narrated: "The Prophet wiped his head and his ears: the outside and the inside of them." 4 of 36

5 20 Washing the toes Reference : Sunan Abi Dawud 148 In-book reference : Book 1, Hadith 148 Narrated Al-Mustawrid ibn Shaddad: I saw the Messenger of Allah SAW rubbing his toes with his little finger when he performed ablution Supplication after ablution or ghusl Reference : Sahih Muslim 234b In-book reference : Book 2, Hadith 21 USC-MSA web (English) reference : Book 2, Hadith 452 Uqba b. 'Amir al-juhani reported: Verily the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) said and then narrated (the hadith) like one (mentioned above) except (this) that he said: He who performed ablution and said: I testify that there is no god but Allah, the One, there is no associate with Him and I testify that Muhammad is His servant and His Messenger. (Ash-hadu ala ilaha illallah, wahdahu la shareeka lah, wa-ash hadu anna Muammadan abduhu warasuuluhu) WHAT BREAKS WUDU' 22 After eating camel meat Reference : Jami` at-tirmidhi 81 In-book reference : Book 1, Hadith 81 Al-Bara bin Azib narrated: Allah's Messenger was asked about performing Wudu for camel meat. He said: "Perform Wudu for it." He Was asked about Wudu after eating goat meat. So he said: "Do not perform Wudu for it." 23 Emissions from the private parts Reference : Sahih al-bukhari 135 In-book reference : Book 4, Hadith 1 USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 1, Book 4, Hadith 137 Narrated Abu Huraira: Allah's Messenger SAW said, "The prayer of a person who does Hadath (passes urine, stool or wind) is not accepted till he performs the ablution." A person from Hadaramout asked Abu Huraira, "What is 'Hadath'?" Abu Huraira replied, " 'Hadath' means the passing of wind." 24 Touching private parts Reference : Sunan an-nasa'i 445 In-book reference : Book 4, Hadith 51 English translation : Vol. 1, Book 4, Hadith 446 It was narrated from Busrah bint Safwan that the Prophet SAW said: "If any one of you touches his private part with his hand, let him perform Wudu'." 5 of 36

6 25 Sleep Reference : Sunan Abi Dawud 203 In-book reference : Book 1, Hadith 203 Narrated Ali ibn Abu Talib: The Messenger of Allah SAW said: The eyes are the leather strap of the anus, so one who sleeps should perform ablution Dozing off does not invalidate Reference : Sunan Abi Dawud 200 In-book reference : Book 1, Hadith 200 Narrated Anas: The Companions during the lifetime of the messenger of Allah (May peace be upon him) used to wait for the night prayer so much so that their heads were lowered down (by dozing). Then they offered prayer and did not perform ablution. Abu Dawud said: Shu bah on the authority of Qatadah added: We lowered down our heads (on accounts of dozing) in the day of the Messenger of Allah (May peace be upon him). Abu Dawud said; This tradition has been transmitted through a different chain of narrators. TAYAMMUM 27 Al Quran (Surah Al-Ma'idah 5:6) O ye who believe! When ye rise up for prayer, wash you faces, and your hands up to the elbows, and lightly rub your heads and (wash) your feet up to the ankles. And if ye are unclean, purify yourselves. And if ye are sick or on a journey, or one of you cometh from the closet, or ye have had contact with women, and ye find not water, then go to clean, high ground and rub your faces and your hands with some of it. Allah would not place a burden on you, but He would purify you and would perfect His grace upon you, that ye may give thanks. 28 Reference : Sahih al-bukhari 339 In-book reference : Book 7, Hadith 6 USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 1, Book 7, Hadith 335 Narrated Sa`id bin `Abdur Rahman bin Abza: (on the authority of his father who said) `Ammar said so (the above Statement). And Shu`ba stroked lightly the earth with his hands and brought them close to his mouth (blew off the dust) and passed them over his face and then the backs of his hands. `Ammar said, "Ablution (meaning Tayammum here) is sufficient for a Muslim if water is not available." 6 of 36

7 CLOTHING 29 Clothing for men Reference : Sahih al-bukhari 365 In-book reference : Book 8, Hadith 17 USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 1, Book 8, Hadith 361 Narrated Abu Huraira: A man stood up and asked the Prophet SAW about praying in a single garment. The Prophet SAW said, "Has every one of you two garments?" A man put a similar question to `Umar on which he replied, "When Allah makes you wealthier then you should clothe yourself properly during prayers. Otherwise one can pray with an Izar and a Rida' (a sheet covering the upper part of the body.) Izar and a shirt, Izar and a Qaba' (a robe with buttons on the front), trousers and a Rida, trousers and a shirt or trousers and a Qaba', Tubban (bermudas covering knees) and a Qaba' or Tubban and a shirt." (The narrator added, "I think that he also said a Tubban and a Rida. ") 30 Reference : Sahih al-bukhari 5787 In-book reference : Book 77, Hadith 5 USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 7, Book 72, Hadith 678 Narrated Abu Huraira: The Prophet SAW said, "The part of an Izar which hangs below the ankles is in the Fire." 31 Clothing for women Reference : Sunan Abi Dawud 4104 In-book reference : Book 34, Hadith 85 English translation : Book 33, Hadith 4092 Narrated Aisha, Ummul Mu'minin: Asma, daughter of AbuBakr, entered upon the Messenger of Allah SAW wearing thin clothes. The Messenger of Allah SAW turned his attention from her. He said: O Asma', when a woman reaches the age of menstruation, it does not suit her that she displays her parts of body except this and this, and he pointed to her face and hands. Abu Dawud said: This is a mursal tradition (i.e. the narrator who transmitted it from 'Aishah is missing) Khalid b. Duraik did not see 'Aishah Covering feet for women Reference : Sunan Abi Dawud 383 In-book reference : Book 1, Hadith 383 Narrated Umm Salamah, Ummul Mu'minin: The slave-mother of Ibrahim ibn AbdurRahman ibn Awf asked Umm Salamah, the wife of the Prophet SAW: I am a woman having a long border of clothe and I walk in filthy place; (then what should I do?). Umm Salamah replied: The Messenger of Allah ( peace be upon him) said: What comes after it cleanses it. 7 of 36

8 ADHAN 33 Muaddhin Finger in ear during adhan Reference : Jami` at-tirmidhi 197 In-book reference : Book 2, Hadith 49 Abu Juhaifah narrated: "I saw Bilal calling the Adhan, and turning, and his (face) was following here and there, and his (index) fingers were in his ears, and Allah's Messenger was in a small red tent" - "I think," he (one of the narrators) said, "it was made from a hide" - so Bilal went out in front of him with an Anazah which he planted (in the ground) at Batha. Allah's Messenger prayed facing it, and a dog and a donkey passed in front of him; he was wearing a red Hullah, and it is as if I am now looking at the radiance of his shins." Sufyan said: "We think that it was a Hibrah." 34 How to say adhan Reference : Sahih Muslim 379 In-book reference : Book 4, Hadith 6 USC-MSA web (English) reference : Book 4, Hadith 740 Abu Mahdhura said that the Apostle of Allah (may peace be upon him) taught him Adhan like this: Allah is the Greatest, Allah is the Greatest; I testify that there is no god but Allah, I testify that there is no god but Allah; I testify that Muhammad Is the Messenger of Allah, I testify that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, and it should be again repeated: I testify that there is no god but Allah, I testify that there is no god but Allah; I testify that Muhammad Is the Messenger of Allah, I testify that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah. Come to the prayer (twice). Come to the success (twice). Ishaq added: Allah is the Greatest, Allah is the Greatest; there Is no god but Allah Adhan full description Reference : Sunan Abi Dawud 500 In-book reference : Book 2, Hadith 0 Abu Mahdhurah reported; I said; Messenger of Allah, teach me the method of ADHAN (how to pronounce the call to prayer). He wiped my forehead (with his hand) and asked me to pronounce; Allah is most great. Allah is most great. Allah is most great. Allah is most great, raising your voice while saying them (these words). Then you must raise your voice in making the testimony: I testify that there is no god but Allah, I testify that there is no god but Allah; I testify that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, I testify that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah. Lowering your voice while saying them (these words). Then you must raise your voice in making the testimony: I testify that there is no god but Allah, I testify there is no god but Allah; I testify Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, I testify Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah. Come to prayer, come to prayer; come to salvation, come to salvation. If it is the morning prayer, you must pronounce; prayer is better than sleep, prayer is better than sleep, Allah is most great; there is no god but Allah. 8 of 36

9 36 Muaddhin Turning face during adhan Reference : Sahih al-bukhari 634 In-book reference : Book 10, Hadith 31 USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 1, Book 11, Hadith 607 Narrated `Aun bin Abi Juhaifa: My father said, "I saw Bilal turning his face from side to side while pronouncing the Adhan for the prayer." 37 Muaddhin Turning face during adhan 2 Reference : Sunan Abi Dawud 520 In-book reference : Book 2, Hadith 0 Abu Juhaifah reported: I came to the prophet (may peace be upon him) at Mecca; he was sitting in a tent made of leather. Then Bilal came out and called to prayer. I looked at his mouth following him this side and that side (i.e., right and left). Later at his Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) came out clad in a red suit, i.e, wearing the sheets of the Yemen, of the Qatri design. The version narrated by Musa has the word; I saw Bilal going towards al-abtah. He then made a call to prayer. When he reached the words come to prayer, come to salvation. He turned his neck right and left, respectively; he did not turn himself (with his whole body). He then entered (his house) and came out with a lancet. The narrator then reported the rest of the tradition Fajr Adhan English reference : Vol. 1, Book 7, Hadith 648 Arabic reference : Book 7, Hadith 654 It was narrated that Abu Mahdhurah said: "I used to call the Adhan for the Messenger of Allah SAW and in the first Adhan of Fajr I used to Say: 'Hayya 'ala al-falah, as-salatu khairun minan-nawm, as-salatu khairun minan-nawm, Allahu Akbar Allahu Akbar, la ilaha illallah (Come to prosperity, prayer is better than sleep, prayer is better than sleep, Allah is the Greatest, Allah is the Greatest, there is none worthy of worship except Allah).'" 39 What to respond to adhan Reference : Sahih al-bukhari 611 In-book reference : Book 10, Hadith 9 USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 1, Book 11, Hadith 585 Narrated Abu Said Al-Khudri: Allah's Apostle said, "Whenever you hear the Adhan, say what the Mu'adhdhin is saying. 9 of 36

10 40 Reference : Sahih al-bukhari 613 In-book reference : Book 10, Hadith 11 USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 1, Book 11, Hadith 587 Narrated Yahya as above (586) and added: "Some of my companions told me that Hisham had said, "When the Mu'adhdhin said, "Haiya alassala(t) (come for the prayer)." Muawiya said, "La hawla wala quwata illa billah (There is neither might nor any power except with Allah)" and added, "We heard your Prophet saying the same." 41 Reference : Sahih Muslim 385 In-book reference : Book 4, Hadith 14 USC-MSA web (English) reference : Book 4, Hadith 748 Umar b. al-khattab reported: The Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) said: When the Mu'adhdhin says: Allah is the Greatest, Allah is the Greatest, and one of you should make this response: Allah is the Greatest, Allah is the Greatest; (and when the Mu'adhdhin) says: I testify that there is no god but Allah, one should respond: I testify that there is no god but Allah, and when he says: I testify that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, one should make a response: I testify that Muhammad is Allah's Messenger. When he (the Mu'adhdhin) says: Come to prayer, one should make a response: There is no might and no power except with Allah. When he (the Mu'adhdhin) says: Come to salvation, one should respond: There is no might and no power except with Allah, and when he (the Mu'adhdhin) says: Allah is the Greatest, Allah is the Greatest, then make a response: Allah is the Greatest, Allah is the Greatest. When he (the Mu'adhdhin) says: There is no god but Allah, and he who makes a response from the heart: There is no god but Allah, he will enter Paradise Doa after Adhan Reference : Sahih al-bukhari 614 In-book reference : Book 10, Hadith 12 USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 1, Book 11, Hadith 588 Narrated Jabir bin `Abdullah: Allah's Messenger SAW said, "Whoever after listening to the Adhan says, 'Allahumma Rabba hadhihi-dda` watit-tammah, was-salatil qa'imah, ati Muhammadan al-wasilata wal-fadilah, wa b`ath-hu maqaman mahmudan-il-ladhi wa`adtahu' [O Allah! Lord of this perfect call (perfect by not ascribing partners to You) and of the regular prayer which is going to be established, give Muhammad the right of intercession and illustriousness, and resurrect him to the best and the highest place in Paradise that You promised him (of)], then my intercession for him will be allowed on the Day of Resurrection" of 36

11 43 When to pronounce iqamah Reference : Sahih al-bukhari 603 In-book reference : Book 10, Hadith 1 USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 1, Book 11, Hadith 577 Narrated Anas: The people mentioned the fire and the bell (they suggested those as signals to indicate the starting of prayers), and by that they mentioned the Jews and the Christians. Then Bilal was ordered to pronounce Adhan for the prayer by saying its wordings twice, and for the Iqama (the call for the actual standing for the prayers in rows) by saying its wordings once. (Iqama is pronounced when the people are ready for the prayer) How to say iqamah Reference : Sahih al-bukhari 605 In-book reference : Book 10, Hadith 3 USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 1, Book 11, Hadith 579 Narrated Anas: Bilal was ordered to repeat the wording of the Adhan for prayers twice, and to pronounce the wording of the Iqamah once except "Qad-qamat-is-Salat". ETIQUETTE AND MANNERS 45 Walking to the mosque Reference : Sahih Muslim 666 In-book reference : Book 5, Hadith 357 USC-MSA web (English) reference : Book 4, Hadith 1409 Abu Huraira reported: The Messenger of Allah (may peace be' upon him) said: He who purified himself in his house, and then he walked to one of the houses of Allah for the sake of performing a Fard (obligatory act) out of the Fara'id (obligatory acts) of Allah, both his steps (would be significant) as one of them would obliterate his sin and the second one would raise his status Eat first before praying if it already served Reference : Sahih Muslim 557 a In-book reference : Book 5, Hadith 79 USC-MSA web (English) reference : Book 4, Hadith 1134 Anas b. Malik reported the Apostle of Allah (may peace be upon him) saying: When the supper is brought and the prayer begins, one, should first take food Do not pray in the mosque if you have taken garlic, onions or leek until the smell disappears Reference : Sahih Muslim 564 b In-book reference : Book 5, Hadith 92 USC-MSA web (English) reference : Book 4, Hadith 1147 Jabir b. 'Abdullah reported the Apostle of Allah (may peace be upon him) mying: He who eats of this (offensive) plant, i. e garlic, and sometirres he said: He who eats onion and garlic and leek, should not approach our mosque for the angels are harmed by the same things as the children of Adam of 36

12 48 If you lost something in the mosque, do not cry out loud for it Reference : Sahih Muslim 568 a In-book reference : Book 5, Hadith 98 USC-MSA web (English) reference : Book 4, Hadith 1153 Abu Huraira reported: The Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) said: If anyone bears a man crying out in the mosque about something lie has lost, he should say: May Allah not restore it to you, for the mosques were not built for this. Using the tooth stick (siwak) 49 Reference : Sahih al-bukhari 1934 In-book reference : Book 30, Hadith 41 USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 3, Book 31, Hadith 155 Narrated 'Amir bin Rabi`a, "I saw the Prophet cleaning his teeth with Siwak while he was fasting so many times as I can't count." And narrated Abu Huraira, "The Prophet said, 'But for my fear that it would be hard for my followers, I would have ordered them to clean their teeth with Siwak on every performance of ablution." The same is narrated by Jabir and Zaid bin Khalid from the Prophet who did not differentiate between a fasting and a nonfasting person in this respect (using Siwak). Aisha said, "The Prophet said, "It (i.e. Siwak) is a purification for the mouth and it is a way of seeking Allah's pleasures." Ata' and Qatada said, "There is no harm in swallowing the resultant saliva." 50 Do not put your hands on your hips during prayers Reference : Sahih al-bukhari 1220 In-book reference : Book 21, Hadith 24 USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 2, Book 22, Hadith 311 Narrated Abu Huraira: It was forbidden to pray with the hands over one's hips The components of prayers Reference : Sahih al-bukhari 757 In-book reference : Book 10, Hadith 151 USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 1, Book 12, Hadith 724 Narrated Abu Huraira: Allah's Apostle entered the mosque and a person followed him. The man prayed and went to the Prophet and greeted him. The Prophet returned the greeting and said to him, "Go back and pray, for you have not prayed." The man went back prayed in the same way as before, returned and greeted the Prophet who said, "Go back and pray, for you have not prayed." This happened thrice. The man said, "By Him Who sent you with the Truth, I cannot offer the prayer in a better way than this. Please, teach me how to pray." The Prophet said, "When you stand for Prayer say Takbir and then recite from the Holy Qur'an (of what you know by heart) and then bow till you feel at ease. Then raise your head and stand up straight, then prostrate till you feel at ease during your prostration, then sit with calmness till you feel at ease (do not hurry) and do the same in all your prayers of 36

13 52 Going to mosques early for Friday Prayers Reference : Sahih al-bukhari 881 In-book reference : Book 11, Hadith 6 USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 2, Book 13, Hadith 6 Narrated Abu Huraira: Allah's Messenger SAW (p.b.u.h) said, "Any person who takes a bath on Friday like the bath of Janaba and then goes for the prayer (in the first hour i.e. early), it is as if he had sacrificed a camel (in Allah's cause); and whoever goes in the second hour it is as if he had sacrificed a cow; and whoever goes in the third hour, then it is as if he had sacrificed a horned ram; and if one goes in the fourth hour, then it is as if he had sacrificed a hen; and whoever goes in the fifth hour then it is as if he had offered an egg. When the Imam comes out (i.e. starts delivering the Khutba), the angels present themselves to listen to the Khutba." 53 Friday Prayers Reference : Sahih al-bukhari 883 In-book reference : Book 11, Hadith 8 USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 2, Book 13, Hadith 8 Narrated Salman-Al-Farsi: The Prophet SAW (p.b.u.h) said, "Whoever takes a bath on Friday, purifies himself as much as he can, then uses his (hair) oil or perfumes himself with the scent of his house, then proceeds (for the Jumua prayer) and does not separate two persons sitting together (in the mosque), then prays as much as (Allah has) written for him and then remains silent while the Imam is delivering the Khutba, his sins in-between the present and the last Friday would be forgiven." 54 Standing in first row, praying early for Zuhr and congregation for Subh and Isha Prayers Reference : Sahih al-bukhari 615 In-book reference : Book 10, Hadith 13 USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 1, Book 11, Hadith 589 Narrated Abu Huraira: Allah's Messenger SAW said, "If the people knew the reward for pronouncing the Adhan and for standing in the first row (in congregational prayers) and found no other way to get that except by drawing lots they would draw lots, and if they knew the reward of the Zuhr prayer (in the early moments of its stated time) they would race for it (go early) and if they knew the reward of `Isha' and Fajr (morning) prayers in congregation, they would come to offer them even if they had to crawl." 55 Pray 2 rakaats first before sitting Reference : Sahih al-bukhari 444 In-book reference : Book 8, Hadith 93 USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 1, Book 8, Hadith 435 Narrated Abu Qatada Al-Aslami: Allah's Messenger SAW said, "If anyone of you enters a mosque, he should pray two rak`at before sitting." 13 of 36

14 56 Do not make another give up his place for you Reference : Sahih al-bukhari 911 In-book reference : Book 11, Hadith 35 USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 2, Book 13, Hadith 34 Narrated Ibn Juraij: I heard Nazi' saying, "Ibn `Umar, said, 'The Prophet SAW forbade that a man should make another man to get up to sit in his place' ". I said to Nafi`, 'Is it for Jumua prayer only?' He replied, "For Jumua prayer and any other (prayer)." 57 Do not rush even if the prayer has started Reference : Sahih al-bukhari 635 In-book reference : Book 10, Hadith 32 USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 1, Book 11, Hadith 608 Narrated `Abdullah bin Abi Qatada: My father said, "While we were praying with the Prophet SAW he heard the noise of some people. After the prayer he said, 'What is the matter?' They replied 'We were hurrying for the prayer.' He said, 'Do not make haste for the prayer, and whenever you come for the prayer, you should come with calmness, and pray whatever you get (with the people) and complete the rest which you have missed." 58 Do not pray when you feel like relieving yourself ibn Majah English reference : Vol. 1, Book 1, Hadith 618 Arabic reference : Book 1, Hadith 661 It was narrated that Abu Hurairah said: "The Messenger of Allah said, 'No one of you should stand to pray when he feels some discomfort (because of needing to urinate or defecate).'" (Sahih) 59 Do not intertwine your fingers before or during prayers Reference : Sunan Abi Dawud 993 In-book reference : Book 2, Hadith 0 English translation : Book 2, Hadith 988 Isma ll b. Umayyah said: I asked about a man who intertwines his fingers while he is engaged in prayer. He said that Ibn Umar had said: This is the prayer of those who earn the anger of Allah Reference : Jami` at-tirmidhi 386 In-book reference : Book 2, Hadith 238 Ka'b bun Ujrah narrated that: Allah's Messenger (S) said: "When one of you performs Wudu and does so well, then he leaves intending to go to the Masjid, then let him not intertwine his fingers, for indeed he is in Salat." 14 of 36

15 61 Qiblah Al-Quran in Surah Al-Baqarah 2:144, We have certainly seen the turning of your face, [O Muhammad], towards the heaven, and We will surely turn you to a Qiblah with which you will be pleased. So turn your face toward al-masjid al-haram. And wherever you [believers] are, turn your faces toward it [in Salaah]. 62 Praying in front of a sutra Reference : Sahih al-bukhari 507 In-book reference : Book 8, Hadith 154 USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 1, Book 9, Hadith 485 Narrated Nafi`: "The Prophet SAW used to make his she-camel sit across and he would pray facing it (as a Sutra)." I asked, "What would the Prophet SAW do if the she-camel was provoked and moved?" He said, "He would take its camel-saddle and put it in front of him and pray facing its back part (as a Sutra). And Ibn `Umar used to do the same." (This indicates that one should not pray except behind a Sutra) A) Distance between person and sutra Reference : Sahih al-bukhari 496 In-book reference : Book 8, Hadith 143 USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 1, Book 9, Hadith 475 Narrated Sahl (bin Sa`d): The distance between the Musalla of Allah's Messenger SAW and the wall was just sufficient for a sheep to pass through. B) Height of the sutra Reference : Sunan Abi Dawud 686 In-book reference : Book 2, Hadith 296 Ata said: The back of the saddle is (about) one cubit (in height) or more than that. Article on cubit conversion by Sheikh Yusuf Estes: 64 Passing between a person in prayer and the sutra 1 Reference : Sahih al-bukhari 510 In-book reference : Book 8, Hadith 157 USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 1, Book 9, Hadith 489 Narrated Busr bin Sa`id: that Zaid bin Khalid sent him to Abi Juhaim to ask him what he had heard from Allah's Messenger SAW about a person passing in front of another person who was praying. Abu Juhaim replied, "Allah's Messenger SAW said, 'If the person who passes in front of another person in prayer knew the magnitude of his sin he would prefer to wait for 40 (days, months or years) rather than to pass in front of him." Abu An-Nadr said, "I do not remember exactly whether he said 40 days, months or years." 15 of 36

16 65 Passing between a person in prayer and his Sutra 2 Reference : Sahih al-bukhari 509 In-book reference : Book 8, Hadith 156 USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 1, Book 9, Hadith 487 Narrated Abu Sa`id: The Prophet SAW said, (what is ascribed to him in the following Hadith): Narrated Abu Salih As-Samman: I saw Abu Sa`id Al-Khudri praying on a Friday, behind something which acted as a Sutra. A young man from Bani Abi Mu'ait, wanted to pass in front of him, but Abu Sa`id repulsed him with a push on his chest. Finding no alternative he again tried to pass but Abu Sa`id pushed him with a greater force. The young man abused Abu Sa`id and went to Marwan and lodged a complaint against Abu Sa`id and Abu Sa`id followed the young man to Marwan who asked him, "O Abu Sa`id! What has happened between you and the son of your brother?" Abu Sa`id said to him, "I heard the Prophet SAW saying, 'If anybody amongst you is praying behind something as a Sutra and somebody tries to pass in front of him, then he should repulse him and if he refuses, he should use force against him for he is a Shaitan (a Satan).' " THE PRAYER 66 Standing for prayer in congregation Reference : Sahih Muslim 605 c In-book reference : Book 5, Hadith 203 USC-MSA web (English) reference : Book 4, Hadith 1258 Abu Salama reported on the authority of Abu Huraira that when Iqama was pronounced for the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him), the people occupied their places in the rows before the Apostle of Allah (way peace be upon him) stood up at his place Standing shoulder to shoulder, foot to foot Reference : Sahih al-bukhari 725 In-book reference : Book 10, Hadith 119 USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 1, Book 11, Hadith 692 Narrated Anas bin Malik: The Prophet SAW said, "Straighten your rows for I see you from behind my back." Anas added, "Everyone of us used to put his shoulder with the shoulder of his companion and his foot with the foot of his companion." 68 When congregation comprises of 2 persons Reference : Sahih al-bukhari 697 In-book reference : Book 10, Hadith 92 USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 1, Book 11, Hadith 665 Once I passed the night in the house of my aunt Maimuna. Allah's Messenger SAW offered the `Isha' prayer and then came to the house and offered four rak`at an slept. Later on, he woke up and stood for the prayer and I stood on his left side. He drew me to his right and prayed five rak`at and then two. He then slept till I heard him snoring (or heard his breath sounds). Afterwards he went out for the morning prayer of 36

17 69 Women forms the row behind the men Reference : Sahih al-bukhari 380 In-book reference : Book 8, Hadith 32 USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 1, Book 8, Hadith 377 Narrated 'Is-haq: Anas bin Malik said, "My grandmother Mulaika invited Allah's Messenger SAW for a meal which she herself had prepared. He ate from it and said, 'Get up! I will lead you in the prayer.' " Anas added, "I took my Hasir, washed it with water as it had become dark because of long use and Allah's Messenger SAW stood on it. The orphan (Damira or Ruh) and I aligned behind him and the old lady (Mulaika) stood behind us. Allah's Messenger SAW led us in the prayer and offered two rak`at and then left." 70 Niyyah for prayer Reference : Sahih al-bukhari 1 In-book reference : Book 1, Hadith 1 Narated By 'Umar bin Al-Khattab : I heard Allah's Apostle saying, The reward of deeds depends upon the intentions and every person will get the reward according to what he has intended. So whoever emigrated for worldly benefits or for a woman to marry, his emigration was for what he emigrated for Make good deeds silently Reference : Sahih al-bukhari 6499 In-book reference : Book 81, Hadith 88 USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 8, Book 76, Hadith 506 Narrated Jundub: The Prophet SAW said, "He who lets the people hear of his good deeds intentionally, to win their praise, Allah will let the people know his real intention (on the Day of Resurrection), and he who does good things in public to show off and win the praise of the people, Allah will disclose his real intention (and humiliate him) of 36

18 72 Sequence of prayer Reference : Sunan Abi Dawud 730 In-book reference : Book 2, Hadith 0 English translation : Book 2, Hadith 729 Abu Humaid al-sa idi once told a company of ten of the companions of the Messenger of Allah SAW ; Abu Qatadah was one of them: I am one among you who is more informed of the way the Messenger of Allah SAW prayed. They said: Why, By Allah, you did not follow him more than us, nor did you remain in his company longer than us? He said: Yes. They said: Then describe (how the Prophet prayed). He said: When the Messenger of Allah SAW stood up to pray, he raised his hands so as to bring them opposite his shoulders, and uttered the takbir (Allah is the most great), until every bone rested in its place properly: then re recited (some verses from the Quran); then he uttered the takbir (Allah is most great), raising his hands so as to bring them opposite his shoulders; then he bowed; placing the palms of his hands on his knees and keeping himself straight, neither raising nor lowering his head; then raised his head saying: Allah listens to him who praise Him ; then raised his hands so as to bring them exactly opposite to his shoulders; then uttered: Allah is most great ; then lowered himself to the ground (in prostration), keeping his arms away from his sides; then raised his head, bent his left foot and sat on it, and opened 73 Takbeer al-ihram Reference : Sahih al-bukhari 738 In-book reference : Book 10, Hadith 132 USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 1, Book 12, Hadith 705 Narrated 'Abdullah bin 'Umar: I saw Allah's Apostle opening the prayer with the Takbir and raising his hands to the level of his shoulders at the time of saying the Takbir, and on saying the Takbir for bowing he did the same; and when he said, "Sami a-l-lahu Liman hamida ", he did the same and then said, "Rabbana wa laka-lhamd." But he did not do the same on prostrating and on lifting the head from it." 74 Takbeer and when to raise hands Reference : Sahih al-bukhari 739 In-book reference : Book 10, Hadith 133 USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 1, Book 12, Hadith 706 Narrated Nafi': Whenever Ibn 'Umar started the prayer with Takbir, he used to raise his hands: whenever he bowed, he used to raise his hands (before bowing) and also used to raise his hands on saying, "Sami a- l-lahu Liman hamida", and he used to do the same on rising from the second Rak'a (for the 3rd Rak'a). Ibn 'Umar said: "The Prophet used to do the same." 75 Placement of arms in standing Reference : Sahih al-bukhari 740 In-book reference : Book 10, Hadith 134 USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 1, Book 12, Hadith 707 Narrated Sahl bin Sa'd: The people were ordered to place the right hand on the left forearm in the prayer. Abu Hazim said, "I knew that the order was from the Prophet." 18 of 36

19 76 Hands on the chest Reference : Sunan Abi Dawud 759 In-book reference : Book 2, Hadith 0 English translation : Book 3, Hadith 758 Narrated Tawus: The Messenger of Allah SAW used to place his right hand on his left hand, then he folded them strictly on his chest in prayer Look down during prayer Reference : Sahih al-bukhari 750 In-book reference : Book 10, Hadith 144 USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 1, Book 12, Hadith 717 Narrated Anas bin Malik: The Prophet said, "What is wrong with those people who look towards the sky during the prayer?" His talk grew stern while delivering this speech and he said, "They should stop (looking towards the sky during the prayer); otherwise their eye-sight would be taken away." 78 Do not look around during prayer Reference : Sahih al-bukhari 751 In-book reference : Book 10, Hadith 145 USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 1, Book 12, Hadith 718 Narrated 'Aisha: I asked Allah's Apostle about looking hither and thither in prayer. He replied, "It is a way of stealing by which Satan takes away (a portion) from the prayer of a person." 79 Supplication at the beginning and not saying Taawudh and Bismillah loudly, Start with Alhamdulilah hi Rabbil Alamin Reference : Sahih Muslim 399 c In-book reference : Book 4, Hadith 54 USC-MSA web (English) reference : Book 4, Hadith 788 Abda reported: 'Umar b. al-khattab used to recite loudly these words: Subhanak Allahumma wa bi hamdika wa tabarakasmuka wa ta'ala jadduka wa la ilaha ghairuka [Glory to Thee,0 Allah, and Thine is the Praise, and Blessed is Thy Name. and Exalted is Thy Majesty. and there is no other object of worship beside Thee]. Qatada informed in writing that Anas b. Malik had narrated to him: I observed prayer behind the Apostle of Allah (may peace be upon him) and Abu Bakr and Umar and 'Uthman. They started (loud recitation) with: AI-hamdu lillahi Rabb al-'alamin [All Praise is due to Allah, the Lord of the worlds] and did not recite Bismillah ir- Rahman-ir-Rahim (loudly) at the beginning of the recitation or at the end of it of 36

20 80 Seeking refuge before starting (Taawudh) Reference : Jami` at-tirmidhi 242 In-book reference : Book 2, Hadith 94 Abu Sa'eeed Al Khudri narrated: "When Allah's Messenger stood for Salat during the night, he would say the Takbir (Allahu Akbar), then say: (Subhanaka Allahumma wa bihamdika wa Tabarakasmuka wa Ta'ala Jadduka wa la ilaha ghairuk.) 'Glorious You are O Allah, and with Your praise, and blesses is Your Name, and exalted is Your majesty, and none has the right to be worshipped but You' Then he would say: " 'Allah is undoubtedly the greatest.' (Allahu Akbaru Kabira). Then he would say: 'I seek refuge in Allah the All-Hearing, the All- Knowing, from the cursed Shaitan, from his madness, his arrogance, and his poetry. (A'udhu Bilahi As- Sami'il-Alimi min Ash-Shaitanir-Rajimi, min Hamzihi Wa Nafkhihi wa Nafthihi.)' 81 Reading Al-Fatiha is compulsory Reference : Sahih al-bukhari 756 In-book reference : Book 10, Hadith 150 USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 1, Book 12, Hadith 723 Narrated 'Ubada bin As-Samit: Allah's Apostle said, "Whoever does not recite Al-Fatiha in his prayer, his prayer is invalid." 82 How to read the surahs Reference : Sunan Abi Dawud 1468 In-book reference : Book 8, Hadith 53 English translation : Book 8, Hadith 1463 Narrated Al-Bara' ibn Azib: The Prophet SAW said: Beautify the Qur'an with your voices How to read the surahs 2 Reference : Sahih Muslim 792 c In-book reference : Book 6, Hadith 275 USC-MSA web (English) reference : Book 4, Hadith 1730 Abu Huraira is reported to have heard Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) as saying: Allah does not listen to anything, (more approvingly) as He listens to a Prophet reciting loudly the Qur'an in a sweet voice Breaking Al-Fatiha into verses Reference : Sunan Abi Dawud 4001 In-book reference : Book 32, Hadith 33 English translation : Book 31, Hadith 3990 Narrated Umm Salamah, Ummul Mu'minin: The Messenger of Allah SAW used to recite: "In the name of Allah, the Cherisher and Sustainer of the worlds; most Gracious, most Merciful; Master of the Day of Judgment," breaking its recitation into verses, one after another. Abu Dawud said: I heard Ahmad (b. Hanbal) say: The early reading is: Maliki yawmi'l-din. (sahih) 20 of 36

21 85 Reciting loudly in Subh Reference : Sahih Muslim 449 In-book reference : Book 4, Hadith 168 USC-MSA web (English) reference : Book 4, Hadith 902 Ibn 'Abbas reported: The Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) neither recited the Qur'an to the Jinn nor did he see them. The Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) went out with some of his Companions with the intention of going to the bazaar of 'Ukaz And there had been (at that time) obstructions between satans and the news from the Heaven, and there were flung flames upon them. So satan went back to their people and they said: What has happened to you? They said: There have been created obstructions between us and the news from the Heaven. And there have been flung upon us flames. They said: It cannot happen but for some (important) event. So traverse the eastern parts of the earth and the western parts and find out why is it that there have been created obstructions between us and the news from the Heaven. So they went forth and traversed the easts of the earth and its wests. Some of them proceeded towards Tihama and that is a nakhl towards the bazaar of 'Ukaz and he (the Holy Prophet) was leading his Companions in the morning prayer. So when they heard the Qur'an. they listened to it attentively and said: It is this which has caused obstruction between us and news from the 86 Reciting loudly during Magrib Reference : Sahih Muslim 463 a In-book reference : Book 4, Hadith 197 USC-MSA web (English) reference : Book 4, Hadith 931 Jubair b. Mut'im reported: I heard the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) reciting Surat al-tur (Mountain) (lii) in the evening prayer Reciting loudly during Isha Reference : Sahih al-bukhari 769 In-book reference : Book 10, Hadith 163 USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 1, Book 12, Hadith 736 Narrated Al-Bara: I heard the Prophet reciting wat-tini wazzaituni" (95) in the 'Isha' prayer, and I never heard a sweeter voice or a better way of recitation than that of the Prophet Reciting softly during Zuhr and Asr Reference : Sahih al-bukhari 760 In-book reference : Book 10, Hadith 154 USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 1, Book 12, Hadith 727 Narrated Abu Ma'mar: I asked Khabbab whether the Prophet used to recite the Qur'an in the Zuhr and the 'Asr prayers. He replied in the affirmative. We said, "How did you come to know that?" He said, "From the movement of his beard." 21 of 36

22 89 Reading quietly behind the imam Reference : Sunan an-nasa'i 909 In-book reference : Book 11, Hadith 34 English translation : Vol. 2, Book 11, Hadith 910 Abu As-Sa'ib- the freed slave of Hisham bin Zuhrah-said: "I heard Abu Hurairah say: 'The Messenger of Allah SAW said: "Whoever offers a prayer in which he does not recite Umm Al-Quran (Al Fatihah), it is deficient, it is deficient, it is deficient, incomplete." I (Abu As-Sa'ib) said: 'O Abu Hurairah, sometimes I am behind the Imam.' He poked me in the arm and said: 'Recite it to yourself, O Persian! For I heard the Messenger of Allah SAW say: "Allah says: "I have divided prayer between Myself and My slave into two halves, and My slave shall have what he has asked for.'" The Messenger of Allah SAW said: "Recite, for when the slave says: All the praises and thanks be to Allah, the Lord of all that exists, Allah says: 'My slave has praised Me.' And when he says: The Most Gracious, the Most Merciful, Allah says: 'My slave has extolled Me.' And when he says: The Only Owner (and the Only Ruling Judge) of the Day of Recompense (i.e. the Day of Resurrection), Allah says: 'My slave has glorified Me'. And when he says: You (alone) we worship, and You (alone) we ask for help (for each and everything), He says: 'This is between Me and My slave, and My slave shall have what he has asked for.' And when he says: 'Guide us to the straight way, 90 Saying Amin with the Imam Reference : Sahih al-bukhari 780 In-book reference : Book 10, Hadith 175 USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 1, Book 12, Hadith 747 Narrated Abu Huraira: The Prophet said, "Say Amin" when the Imam says it and if the Amin of any one of you coincides with that of the angels then all his past sins will be forgiven." Ibn Shihab said, "Allah's Apostle used to Say "Amin." 91 Reading al fatiha is sufficient, but better to read additional surahs Reference : Sahih al-bukhari 772 In-book reference : Book 10, Hadith 166 USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 1, Book 12, Hadith 739 Narrated Abu Huraira: The Qur'an is recited in every prayer and in those prayers in which Allah's Apostle recited aloud for us, we recite aloud in the same prayers for you; and the prayers in which the Prophet recited quietly, we recite quietly. If you recite "Al-Fatiha" only it is sufficient but if you recite something else in addition, it is better Standing for prayers of more than 2 rakaat Reference : Sahih al-bukhari 759 In-book reference : Book 10, Hadith 153 USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 1, Book 12, Hadith 726 Narrated 'Abdullah bin Abi Qatada: My father said, "The Prophet in Zuhr prayers used to recite Al-Fatiha along with two other Suras in the first two Rakat: a long one in the first Rak'a and a shorter (Sura) in the second, and at times the verses were audible. In the 'Asr prayer the Prophet used to recite Al-Fatiha and two more Suras in the first two Rakat and used to prolong the first Rak'a. And he used to prolong the first Rak'a of the Fajr prayer and shorten the second of 36