THE WISDOM BEHIND THE COMMANDS OF ISLAM. By SHEIKH MOHAMMAD ASHRAF ALI THANVI. Translated By. Rafiq Abdur Reh m an

Transcription

1 THE WISDOM BEHIND THE COMMANDS OF ISLAM By SHEIKH MOHAMMAD ASHRAF ALI THANVI Translated By Rafiq Abdur Reh m an ADAM PUBLISHERS & DISTRIBUTORS NEW DELHI (INDIA)

2 Submissions Of The Publisher 05 CONTENTS Foreword To The Urdu Edition 27 ABLUTION 31 The Inner Mysteries Of Ablution 31 Why Are There Many Reasons & Objectives For The Commands Of Allah: 32 The First Wisdom Is That Negligence Is Avoided: 32 Second Wisdom-Hygiene: 33 Third Wisdom-Secure's Allah's Love: 32 Fourth Wisdom-Angelic Glow: 33 Fifth Wisdom-Increased Intelligence: 33 Sixth Wisdom-Return Of Glow And Happiness: 34 Seventh Wisdom-Nearness To The Angels: 34 Eighth Wisdom-Ablution Gains Admission Into The Signs Of Allah: 35 Ninth Wisdom- Ablution Is Means To Presenting One's Case: 35 Tenth Wisdom- Strength And Awareness: The Secret Of Supplication And Repentance After Performing Ablution: 37 Why The Sequence, As It Is: 37 Purity Minor And Major: 39 The Wisdom Behind Setting Fresh Water To Wipe The Head And Ears: 39 The Secret Behind Gaining Purity With Earth And Water: 40

3 The- wisdom behind the commands of Islam 8 Secret Behind Drinking The Water Remaining Unused After Ablution: 40 The Reason For Specifying Seven Parts Of The Body In Ablution: 41 The Secret Of Washing Each Organ Thrice: 43 The Wisdom Of Using Siwak: 44 The Secret In Commencing With The Name Of Allah:45 When Face, Hands & Feet Are Washed Thrice Why Is Wiping. Of Head & Ears Not Done Thrice: 45 Why Begin Washing With The Right Organ And Use The Left Hand In The Toilet And To Blow The Nose.46 The Secret In Washing Hands And Arms To The Elbow: 48 Wisdom In Cleaning The Nose: 49 The Secret In Washing The Feet Upto The Ankles:...49 The Secret In Washing Feet Without Socks And In Wiping Socks: 50 General View On Purification: 50 Purifying The Hands: 51 Purifying The Mouth:...51 Purification Of The Nose: 51 Purifying The Face: 52 Purification Of The Neck: 52 Washing The Back: 52 Washing The Chest: 52 Washing The Stomach: 53 Washing Private Parts: 53 Washing The Feet: 53 Tayammum (Dry Ablution). 55 Why It Is A Substitute For Ablution And Bath...55

4 The wisdom behind the commands of Islam 9 Tayammum Is The Same Whether It Replaces Ablution Or Bath Why?: 55 Why Sand For Tayammum: 56 The Reason Why Only Two Parts Of The Body Are Selected In Tayammum And Feet And Head Are Exempted: 57 GhusI (Ritual Bath): 59 Why Are Menstruating Women And Polluted People Disallowed Entry Into Mosque 59 Why Do Angels Of Mercy Stay Away From The Place Where Lies A Dog, A Polluted Person Or A Picture:. 59 Why A Person Has To Take A Bath On Converting To Islam: 60 Bath Is Obligatory After Menstruation & The Reason For It: 60 Why Is Not Allowed To A Polluted Person And A Menstruating Women To Recite The Quran And To Offer Prayers: The Reason Having A Bath Becomes Obligatory When Semen Is Discharged But Not On Passing Urine And Faeces: 61 Defilement's That Render Ablution And Tayammum Invalid 65 The Reason To Perform Ablution After Natural Evacuations Of The Body Breaking Air: 65 The Wisdom In Not Turning Towards Or Against Kabbah When Passing Urine Or Stool And Having Sex65 Why Is Ablution Invalidated Because Of Sleep: 66 The Reason For Having To Make The Supplication On Entering Into & Emerging From The Toilet: 67

5 The wisdom behind the commands ot'islam K) Why Istinga Is Done With Three Pebbles And Why Not With Dung And Bones: 67 The Secret In ablution Being Nullified Because Of Laughter, Vomit And Nose Bleeding: 69 Why Is It Disallowed To Offer Prayers When One Has To Answer Nature's Call: 70 Wiping Over Socks 73 Secrets Of Wiping Socks: 73 The Reason Why Soles Are Not Wiped: 73 The Wisdom In Limiting The Duration To A Day And Night For The Resident And Three Days And Three Nights For The Traveler: 73 About Water: 75 Even When There Is Impurity, Running Water Is Pure:76 Why Scarce Water May Be Impure- The Wisdom In Limiting Scarce And Abundant Water: 76 Why Water Is Defined: 77 Why Is The Left Over Of Rat And Cat Considered Pure77 Why A Different Ruling On The Left Over Of A Dog 77 The Wisdom In Cleaning A Vessel Seven Times When A Dog Puts Its Mouth Into It Or Drinks Water From It 78 The Wisdom In Fixing The Times For Worship 79 Why Is The Time Of The Five Times Prayers Determined: 81 The Reason For Zuhr Prayer: 81 Wisdom In Offering The Zuhr Once Heat Has Cooled Down: 82 The Reason For The Asr Prayer 83 The Reason For The Maghrib Prayer : 83 The Reason For The Isha Prayer 84

6 The wisdom behind the commands of Islam [± The Reason For The Fajr Prayer 84 The Secret Behind Fixing The Times Of Commencement & End Of Prayer 85 Wisdom Behind Punctuality 85 Azan 87 Wisdom Behind Azan: 87 Why Place The Fingers In The Ears When Calling Out The Azan: 87 The Wisdom In Calling Out Azan In New Born Baby's Ear: 88 Peculiarity Of As-Salah (Prayer): 89 The Reason The Ka'bah Is Faced In The Prayer: 89 The Secret In Keeping The Place And The Clothes Clean For Prayer: 90 The Secrets In Fixing The Movements In Prayer And In The Conditions: - 92 Reality Of Prayer: 92 Why Fold The Hands Below The Naval Or Above It Or On The Chest: 94 The Reason Space Should Not Be Left Between Worshippers In Congregational Prayers: 94 Wisdom In Standing Respectfully In Prayer: 94 The Secret In Raising Both Hands In The Takbir Tahrimah (First Takbir): 95 Why Should A Women Not Raise Her Hands Above Her Shoulders: 95 Why Stand Respectfully In Prayer: 96 Why Is It Disallowed To Look Here And There And To Talk To Anybody In Prayer: 96 Why Is Thana Is Recited In The Prayer: 97

7 The wisdom behind the commands of' Islam [2 The Secret In Reciting The Ta'awooz: 98 Why Tasmiyah Before Al-Fatihah: 98 The Secret In Reciting Al-Fatihah: 98 The Secret In Reciting Another Surah With Surah Al- Fatihah: 99 The Reality In Bowing And Prostration: 100 The Reason For Two Prostration In Prayer: 101 The Wisdom In Reciting Surah Al-Fatihah In Every Raka'ah Of Prayer: 101 The Wisdom In Assemblage In Five Daily Prayers, Friday, Eids And Hajj: 101 Why Is Qawmah Necessary In Prayer: 102 The Secret In Jalsah:, The Wisdom In Calling Out The Takbir While Bowing Down And Prostrating: 103 The Reason For Silent Recital In Zuhr And Asr But Audible Recitaf In Fajr, Maghrib And Isha Prayers:. 103 Why Audible Recital On Friday And Eid Prayers: Why Is The Sermon Delivered On Friday & Eids Etc. 106 Why Is Tashahhud Recited After Every Two Râkaat:106 Why Are Salutations Offered In Prayer: 107 The Secret In Conveying Salutation On The Prophet In Tashahhud: 107 The Wisdom In Conveying Salutations On The General Body Of Muslims & The Righteous: 108 Wisdom In Indicating With The Index Finger: 108 The Wisdom In Shunning Undesirable Postures In Prayer 108 Why Innovate Blessings & Make Supplication After Tashahhud: 109 The Reason Prayer Ends With Salutation: 109

8 The wisdom behind the commands of Islam Q The Reason Sunnah Prayers Are Offered Before And After The Fard:, 110 The Secret Behind Not Reciting Surah Besides Al- Fatihah In The Last Two Rakaat Of Four Rakaat Prayers: 110 Why Are Rows Straightened & Congregational Prayers Offered: 110 The Reality Of Salutation In Prayer: 111 The Wisdom In Invocating Blessings On The Prophet After Tashahhud: 113 The Wisdom In Having An Imam & The Congregation 114 Why Was Prayer Not Made One Time Affair: 115 The Reality Of Five Congregational Prayers, Fridays, Eids And Hajj: 115 The Secret In Making The Supplication After Prayer:! 16 The Secret In Sutrah In Prayer: 117 Why May Prayer Not Be Offered In Shrine: 118 The Reason Prayers Is Disallowed At Sunrise, Sunset And Point Of Declining Of The Sun: 119 Why Is Prayer Disallowed In Public Baths: 119 The Reason It Is Not Allowed To Offer Prayer At Camel Barns: 119 Why Is Prayer Not Allowed In Slaughter Houses?: Why Is Prayer Disallowed On A Thoroughfare: The Wisdom In Concessions In Certain Cases: 121 Why Is A Comfortable Traveler Allowed Postponement Of Fasting & Curtailment Of Prayer: 122 The Reason For Postponed Fasting But Exemption From Prayers To A Menstruating Woman: 124 The Reason Prayer Is Offered On The Eclipse Of The Sun And The Moon: 125

9 The wisdom behind the commands of' Islam 14 The Wisdom In Casting The Sheet Upside Down In Prayer & Istisqa: 127 Why Is Azan Not Called Out For Eid Prayer : 128 Why Call Out More Takbir In The Eid Prayer: 128 The Wisdom Behind Raising Hands To The Ears In The Eid Prayer : 129 The Significance Of The Quran As A Symbol Of Allahl29 The Reason The Messenger Of Allah Is A Sign Of Allah The Secret In Being Forgiven Through Prayer 130 Why Does The Imam Sit Down Momentarily When He Delivers The Sermon: 131 The Reason For Repeating Tashahhud In Every Sermon: 131 The Secret In Standing With Awe In Prayer: 132 The Reality Of Supplication 132 Funeral Prayer 135 Why Is Prayer Offered Over The Dead; 135 The Wisdom In Condolence: 135 The Secret In Fard Kifayah: 136 The Secret In Funeral Prayer & Sadaqah Being Beneficial To The Dead Man: 136 Why Must A Woman Mourn Relatives For Three Days But Her Husband For Four Months Ten Days The Wisdom In A Muslim's Burying The Dead In Dust & Not Burning The Body The Wisdom In Using Camphor: 142 Why Is A Martyr Not Bathed But Buried In Blood- Soaked Clothes 143 Why Do Muqtadis Supplicate With The Imam In The Funeral Prayer?: 144

10 The wisdom behind the commands of Islam L The Wisdom In Turning Right & Left In Salutation To End Of The Prayer: 145 The Reason There Is No Ruku Sajdah & Tashahhud In Funeral Prayer: 145 Why The Names Zakah & Sadaqah 147 The Secrets Of Zakah: 147 The Reason The Nisab Of Silver Is Five Uqiyah Or Two Hundered Dirham: 149 The Nisab For Camels is Five Camels: 149 Why The Nisab Of Sheep Begins At Forty: 150 The Wisdom In Begining At Thirty The Nisab Of Bullocks & Cows 150 Why Is A Particular Nisab Fixed On Everything On Which Zakah Is Paid: 150 The Reality Of Nisab for Zakah On Agriculture: 151 The Reason For Once A Year Liability Of Zakah: Why Is Zakah Payable On Grazing Livestock But Not On Working Animals: 152 The Wisdom In Applying Zakat On Three Species: The Reason Why The Prophet's Family Cannot Take Sadaqah: 153 Fasting 155 The Reason Why Man Has To Fast: 155 The Reason Ramadan Is Set Aside For Fasting: 157 The Reason It Is Masnun To Read The Qur'an To The End In Ramadan: 157 Why Hurry To Break The Fast & Delay Its Beginning: 158 Why Is Fasting Not Observed At Night: 158 The Reason One Month Is Set Aside Each Year For Fasting: The Reason It Is Forbidden To Fast On First Shawwall61

11 The wisdom behind the commands of Islam 16 The Reason For Taraweh Prayer On The Nights Of Ramadan: 162 The Reason For Secluding Oneself In Mosque During The Last Ten Days Of Ramadan: 163 The Reason The Past Is Not Nullified If Anyone Forgetfully Eats Or Drinks Or Has Sexual Intercourse: 164 The Wisdom In Equating Thirty-Six Fasts In A Year To A Full Year's: 165 Why Are Doors Of Hell Shut & Doors Of Paradise Opened In The Month Of Ramadan: 166 Why Is Fasting Not Observed In Ramadan At The North & South Poles: 167 The Reason For Sadaqah Al Fitr: 170 Why Is Sadaqah Al Fitr Determined In Fixed Amountsl 71 The Two Eids 173 The Secret Behind The Eid Al-Fitr. 173 Why Are The Two Eids Observed: 173 Why Is Eid Ul-Adha Observed: 175 Why Is Prayer & Sermon A Part Of The Two Eids: 176 The Reason Attention Is Paid To Good Food & Dress On 'Eid Days: 177 Why Are Extra Takbirs Called Out In Eid Prayers: Al-Adha 179 The Reason For Observance Of Sacrifice: 179 Why Is It Not Cruel To Sacrifice An Animal: 181 The Reason It Is Unlawful To Slaughter A Human Being: 18J HAJJ 185 Why Hajj And Tawaf: 185

12 The wisdom behind the commands of Islam L2 The Reason Hajj Is Wajib On The Rich: 189 The Secret In Only Two Un-stitched PiecesOflhram:\%9 Refutation Of The Objection To Touching & Kissing The Black Stone: 190 The Black Stone Is Symbolic Of Illustrative Language 190 The Secret In Performing Sa 7 Between Safa And Marwah: 192 Why Makkah Alone For Hajj: 193 Why Is The Head Shaved In Hajj: 194 The Reason Ka 'bah Is Faced In Prayer: 194 The Philosophy Of Application Of Ihram Labayk At The Meqat: 196 The Reason For Staying At Arafah: 197 The Secret In Going To Mina: 198 The Reason For Staying At The Mashar Al Haram. 199 The Secret In Ramyu Jimar: 200 The Secret In Walking Quickly At Batn Muhassar The Wisdom In Not Hunting The Animals Of The. Haram: 202 The Lessons From The Vehicles Of The Pilgrims: Knowing The Sheets Of The Ihram: 203 Secrets About Meeqat The Hardshids Of Hajj: 204 Why Is Atonement Prescribed On The Muhrim Against Tanayat: 204 The Reason Hajj Is Nullified If The Muhrim Has Sexual Intercourse With His Wife 206 Why Is It Allowed To Kill The Eagle, Crow, Snake, Mouse, Wolf, Scoropion, Mad Dog In The Haram:..207 Why Is It Disallowed In The State Of Ihram To Use Abusive Language Fight War Or Quarrel: 207 Blessings Of Hajj: 208

13 The wisdom behind the commands of Islam 13 Nikah (Marriage): 209 Purposes Of Marriage: 209 The Reason More Wives Are Allowed: 212 The Reason A Man May Mary Upto Four Women At A Time: 218 Summary Of The Reasons A Man May Marry More Than One Wife: 220 Why The Holy Prophet Married More Women Than Was Allowed To His Ummah: 220 The Secret In Determining The Dower: 226 The Reason For The Valimah: 227 The Reason For Having Witnesses Of The Marriage & Announcing It:,. 228 Why Is A New-Born's 'Aqeeqah ' Observed & Head Shaved: 228 The Reason The Aqeeqah, Is Observed On The Seventh Day & A Name Given To The Child: 230 The Secret In Giving Silver Of The Weight Of The Child's Hair In Sadaqah: 230 Why Two Sheep Are Sacrificed For A Boy & One For A Girl:, 231 The Wisdom In Getting Permission Of The Guardian For A Woman's Marriage: 231 The Reason Some Related Women Are Disallowed In Marriage To Men: 233 Wisdom In Allowing Man To Marry Jew Or Christian Woman & Not The Way About: 234 Divorce: 237 Wisdom In Allowing Man To Divorce His Wife: 237 The Guidelines Following Which One Becomes Worthy Of Divorcing His Wife: 239

14 The wisdom behind the commands of Islam 15 The Reason 'lddah Is Prescribed For A Woman: 239 Why Must A Woman Mourn Her Husband For Four Months Ten Days: 240 Why Does The lddah Against Divorce Prolong More Than One Menstruation: 241 Kinds Of lddah: 242 The Reason A Widow's 'lddah, Is Diffrent From Other Women's 'lddah: 242 The Reason Marriage By Mut 'ah Is Disallowed: 247 Forbiddance Of Mutah Seen In Hadith: 248 Instuitive Argument Against Rejection Of Mutah:..249 The Reason The Veil Should Be Observed By Women &Men: 250 Why Is Sexual Intercourse With A Menstruating Woman Disallowed: 254 The Reason Intercourse Is Disallowed With A Menstruating Woman But Allowed With One Who Has A Prolonged Flow: 255 The Reason Divorce Is Limited To Three: 256 The Reason Revocable Divorce Is Limited To Two: 257 The Reason A Woman Becomes Lawful After Second Marriage To Her Former Husband Who Has Divorced Her Three Times: 257 Why Should The Time Of Forswearing Be Four Months: 262 The Reason For Disallowing Marriage With The Wives Of The Prophets After Their Deaths: 266 Why Is A Woman Not Allowed To Have More Than One Husband At A Time: 268 The Secret In Allowing Men Many Wives In Paradise But Only One Husband To A Woman: 272

15 The wisdom behind the commands of Islam 20 One More Reason Why Woman Is Allowed Only Husband: 273 Slavery 275 Slavery In Islam And before It: 275 Islam's treatment of slaves: 277 (Bai 9 ) Buying And Selling 295 The Reason Bai As-Salam Is Permitted 295 Why Is Sell & Purcahse Of Wine, Dead Body, Pig & Idols Disallowed As Also Wages Against Adultory & Sorcery: 296 Food And Drink: 298 Why Is Swine Disallowed: 298 The Reason Beasts Of Prey & Hunting Birds Are Disallowed: 299 Why Is Carrion And Blood Forbidden: 300 Why Are These Disallowed -Some Kinds Of Crow, The Eagle, The Snake, Scorpion, Rat Or Mouse: 302 Why Are The (Creeping) Insects & Animals Are Disallowed: 303 Why Are The Dogs And Cats Forbidden: 304 The Secret In Chameleon Being Disallowed And In Strong Stress On Killing It : 305 The Reason Owl & Bat Are Forbidden: 306 The Reason The Donkey & The Mule Are Forbidden:306 Why Are The Forbidden Animals And Things Created: Summary Of Reasons For Prohibition Of Certain Animals & Things: 308 The Reason Lizard Is Disallowed: 308

16 The wisdom behind the commands of Islam 21 The Reason The Slaughter Of Non Ahl-Khitab And One Made On Any But Allah's Name Are Treated Equal:309 Since The Flesh Absorbs Blood Why Is The Carrion Disallowed: The Wisdom In Slaughtering The Animal At The Throat: 313 The Reason Fish And Locust Are Permitted Without Being Slaughtered: 314 Why Are These Animals Allowed -The Camel, Cow, Buffalo, Sheep & Goat:.315 The Reason Deer, Zebra Rabbit And Ostrich Are Allowed: 316 The Reason For Allowance Of Hen, Wild Duck Sparrow Pigeon & The Like: 316 Why Is Wine Is Lawful In Heaven:.316 If A Fly Drops In A Vessel Why Is It Immersed In It Before Being Thrown Out: 318 Why It Is It Disallowed To Breathe & Blow Into A Drink Into A Vessel: 319 Why Is It Proper For Men To Eat Meat: 320 The Effects Of Meat & Vegetables On Man: 321 The Wisdom In Placing Anger And Clemency In Man:322 The Secret In Calling Out The Takbir At The Time Of The Slaughter: 324 Why Is The Animal Slaughtered In Any But Allah's Name Disallowed: 326 Why Is Wine & Gambling Disallowed: 326 Why Is Interest Disallowed: 330 Disallowance Of Interest -The Relative Verse Of Quran: 332 The Reason For Washing Hands Before Eating Food:332

17 The wisdom behind the commands of lslam 22 JINAYAT (Offences Committed Against Persons) And HUDOOD (Prescribed Punishment) 333 Why Different Punishments Are Awarded To Married Adulterer & Unmarried Fornicator: 333 A Thief Hands Are Amputated, But The Adulterer's Private Organs Are Not Cut, Why: 334 The Reason Atonement Is Not Demanded Against Adultery, Homosexuality And Theft: 337 Why Is It Necessary To Atone On Having A Sex With Menstruating Woman And Not Necessary To Atone On Having Sex Through The Anus: 338 The Reason For Requiring Two Witnesses In Case Of Murder But Four To Prove Adultery: 338 Why Does Punishment Become Necessary On Drinking Even A Drop Of Wine But On Drinking Not On Drinking Plenty Of Urine And Filth: 339 Wisdom In Prescribing Hudood (Punishment) & Atonement: 340 Why Is Retribution Allowed:. 340 Why Is It Disallowed To Kill Anyone: 341 The Reason Theft Is Unlawful: 341 Why Is Adultery, Disallowed: 341 Why Is Homosexuality Disallowed: 342 How Are Hadd, Ta'zeer & Kafarah Different: 343 Why Is Unlawful To Retract On A Promise: 345 Why Is It That Men May Grew Beard & Shave Moustaches: 345 Why Is It Unlawful To Disobey Parents: 346 The Reason For Unlawfulness Of Chess, Pigeon-Flying, Quail-Flying, Kite-Flying, Card Games & The Like:.346 Why Are Men Not Allowed To Wear Gold And Silk:347 Why Should Pictures Not Be Kept: 350

18 The wisdom behind the commands of Islam Faraid (Inheritances) 351 Why Are Shares Divided Among The Rightful Heirs In Property: 351 Reality Of Division Of Inheritance 353 The Reason Man Gets Twice What Woman Gets: Why Two Or More Than Two Daughters Get Two- Thirds: 357 The Parents Get One-Sixth Each If The Dead Person Has Children, Why: 357 Why Do Parent Gets All The Share If The Deceased Has No Children: 358 Why Does A Mother Get One-Sixth Of The Deceased Has Brothers & Sisters Too: 358 The Reasons Why A Husband Gets Half Or One-Fourth From His Wife's Legacy Depending On Absence Or Presence Of Children But A Wife Gets One-Fourth Or One Eighth Depending On Absence Or Presence Of Chidren: 359 The Reasons The Heirs Of A Childless Deceased Get Little Or More Shares: 360 Why Is The Paternal Uncle Of The Deceased & His Children Entitled To Inheritance But His Maternal Aunt Not Entitled: 362 Objections On Reckoning In The Grave & Philosophical Answers To Them By Ibh Qayyum: Example Of Punishment In The Grave & Of Reward:366 Appearance Of The Angel Within The Grave: 368 Shrinking Of The Grave: 368 Why Are The Angels In The Grave The Fire Of Hell & The Blessings Of Paradise Invisible: 369

19 The wisdom behind the commands of Islam 24 Why Will There Will Be Another World, The Gathering After The Barzakh: 370 Is The Interrogation Limited Or Unlimited: 371 What Languages Will The Angels Use In The Grave For Interrogation:..371 Souls That Are Concerned With Interred Bodies: 371 The Truth Of The Bridge, Sirat: The Philosophy Of The Sirat Of The Hereafter In The Words Of IbnArabi 377 The Reality Of Qiyamah: Why Will Be Men Dealt According To His Deeds:..386 Reality Of Paradise And Hell: 388 Where Are Paradise And Hell Found: 389 Will The Blessings Of Paradise Resemble Those Of This World:..., 389 The Hands And The Feet Will Speak On The Day Of Resurrection: _ 390 Observation: 391 Appendix I 391 Is It Proper For Muslim To Adopt The Solar Calendar:391 Appendix II.395 An Additional Word: 399 Appendix III c 400 Appendix IV 411 Testimonies Of Non-Muslims About The Qualities Of Islam & Quran Which Are Commentaries On The Words 411 A From Wakil June ! 1

20 The wisdom behind the commands of Islam : 21 B From Madinah Bajnor 9th March, 1917 V6 No C From Wahdat Of 2 February, 1925.V2,No D From Wahadat 8 th February E From The Wahdat 8 th February 1925, V2 No F From The Wahdat 8 th February 1925, V2 No G From The Wahdat 8 th February 1925, V2 No H From The Wahdat 8 th February 1925, V2 No I From Wahdat Of 8th February 1925, V2 No J From Wahdat Of 8th February 1925, V2 No Glossary...421