Class-JSC. Section-A1 Group -Rose. Conducted By Rashida Akther Asst. Teacher Dept. Of English

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3 Class-JSC Section-A1 Group -Rose Conducted By Rashida Akther Asst. Teacher Dept. Of English

4 Use of The (i) To indicate a particular person (s) or thing (s). Look at the boy/boys.

5 (ii) Before a noun which has become definite by being mentioned a second time The tree is an Oak.

6 (iii) Before a noun made definite by the addition of a phrase or clause. The boy who came here is my friend.

7 (iv) Before a singular noun meant to represent a whole class. The cow is a useful animal.

8 (v) Before an Uncountable Noun to particularize it. The gold of the ring is very bright.

9 (vi) Before a name of a thing which only one exists in nature. Look at the moon.

10 (vii) Before a noun denoting nation or race. The English are industrious.

11 (viii) Before a name of road, but not before a name of street or Avenue. The bus is running on the Josimuddin road. The book is bought from College street.

12 (ix) Before some nouns to indicate profession. He joined the Bar.

13 (x) Before the name of a musical instrument when one plays it. Otherwise not. He plays the flute. He has a flute.

14 (xi) Before ordinal numbers. Who is the first boy?

15 (xii) As a general rule a proper noun should not have any article before it. But the following take the before them as exceptions. (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) (i) (j) (k) (l) (m) (n) (o) Names of holy books: the Bible, the Koran, the Ramayana. Names of newspapers: The Statesman, the Anandabazar. Names of ships: the Titanic, the M.V. Akbar. Names of trains: the Bombay Mail, the Rajdhani Express. Names of spacecraft: the skylabs, the Aryabhatt. Names of aero planes: the Dakota, the Boeig 747. Names of famous buildings: the Taj Mahal, the Writers Buildings, Names of rivers: the Ganga, the Jamuna. Names of oceans: the Indian Ocean, the Atlantic Ocean. Names of seas: the Arabian Sea, the Mediterranean Sea. Names of gulfs: the Persian gulf, the Bay of Bengal. Names of mountain ranges: the Himalayas, the Alps. Names of group0s of islands: the Andamans, the West Indies,. Names of desert: the Sahara, the Thar. Names of directions: Go to the north and the turn to the south.

16 (xiii) Before the names of a province having a descriptive geographical meaning. The Punjab.

17 (xiv) Before the names of countries which are collectively formed. The U.S.A.

18 (xv) Before the plural names of families. The Boses are familiar with the Browns.

19 (xvi) Before Proper Noun for comparison to denote a type. Bankim is the Scott of Bengal.

20 (xvii) Before a proper Non when it is qualified by an adjective or Adjectival phrases or clause. The great Caesar.

21 (xviii) Before some Common Nouns and Adjectives to express an abstract sense. All the mother (=motherly feelings) rose in her.

22 (xix) Before Adjectives to denote a particular part of a thing. I like the yellow of an egg.

23 (xx) Before a Common Noun as a substitute for the Possessive Adjective. He caught me by the arm.

24 (xxi) Before an Adjective to represent a whole class of persons. The rich are not always happy.

25 (xxii) Before the Adjectives in Superlative degree and the words in the superlative sense. He is the best boy in the class.

26 Before comparatives as Adverbs. The sooner, the better.

27 GROUP WORK

28 EVALUATION Let s practice some sentences. 1. Rahim is smallest boy in the class. 2. more you read more you learn. 3. USA is a first world country. 4. I read Holly Quran everyday. 5. virtuous Mohsin pardoned the thief.

29 EVALUATION Fill in the gaps of the following text with appropriate articles. Put a cross for zero article. 0.5x6=03 Hazrat Omar (R) was (a) second Caliph of Islam. He was (b) honest caliph. He used to lead a humble (c) life. He used to go and see the condition of (d) subjects with his own eyes. At dead of night he would walk on (e) streets of Medina. One night while walking he heard (f) sound of crying.

30 WORK Make a list of ten sentences with the use of Definite Article

31 The sooner, the better.

32 Thank You All