California Sixth Grade History Text Book Content Related to Ancient India Some ideas for consideration
|
|
- Owen Burke
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 California Sixth Grade History Text Book Content Related to Ancient India Some ideas for consideration [Important Note: These are my personal comments/ideas. They reflect my understanding of the issues from my attendance at the meetings, newspaper reports, and personal understanding of the Indian society and Hinduism.] Guiding principles: Children should not be the victim of competing dialogues; the textbooks are meant for impressionable school children in the sixth grade. Hindu students are often ridiculed for their beliefs because of the shoddy treatment of Hinduism and ancient India in text books. Accuracy from the point of view of experts is important Adherence to California Ed Code 1. Adverse Reflection. No religious belief or practice may be held up to ridicule and no religious group may be portrayed as inferior. 2. Indoctrination. Any explanation or description of a religious belief or practice should be present in a manner that does not encourage or discourage belief or indoctrinate the student in any particular religious belief. Fair assessment of student knowledge and ability: the presentation in the text books should be standardized so that students reading any textbook be able to answer questions correctly There is a noticeable disparity between the presentation of Hinduism vis-à-vis other religions with respect to sympathy and empathy. Five major issues: Issue I: Depiction of the status of women Issue II: Caste System Issue III: Monotheism Issue IV: Untouchability Issue V: Aryan Invasion Theory Issue VI: Pending Edits 1
2 Nature of Problem: Issue I: Depiction of the status of women VF/HEF View Content is completely negative Details are factually incorrect This topic is not in standards Gender equality was not an issue in ancient times. It is a modern concept. Other religions do not dwell on the inferior aspect of women Harvard et. al View It an important issue Status of women was lower in ancient times and should be described as such Option 1: Eliminate this topic all together because it is not in the standards Option 2: There are some text books that do reasonable justice to this issue. That text book can serve as a model for other text book authors Option 3. Rather than focus on status of women, deal more with the role of women in Hindu history and religion and thus bring it at par with descriptions for other religions. Suggested text to replace existing text would be: Like all traditional cultures and religions, women played an important role in ancient India and in the Hindu tradition. The Vedas record the name of more than 30 women sages credited with their authorship. Sometimes women philosophers took part in public debates, or composed poetry. Some Hindu scriptures also talk about women fighting in wars, driving chariots, ruling kingdoms or acting as teachers of grammar, ritual and religion. Hinduism is one of the few major religions where Divinity is also worshipped in a feminine form. Women also often inherited property and used their wealth to construct temples, or works of public utility as recorded in several inscriptions. In their social role, the mother was considered superior to one s father and God was often likened to one s mother. Ancient India also had some matriarchal communities. Option 4. If CDE does not permit such content change as the process of edit, accept Curriculum Commission recommendation. I think they are very balanced. Option 5: Balance current negative text with positive statements given in option 2 above. 2
3 Issue II: Caste System Nature of Problem: VF/HEF View Text books focus on negatives, reduce Hinduism to evil caste system in a stereotypical manner rather than emphasizing that in the ancient times various castes operated like an organic whole Negative elements of the caste system are recent phenomenon arising out of the concept of discrimination/inequality Social ills in other religions are ignored or treated mildly Positive and fundamental contributions of lower castes to Hindu religion, culture and history are ignored, leading to a onesided picture. Harvard et. al View Important topic Discrimination/inequality exits (although they do not claim specifically inequality in the ancient times) Option 1: Add balancing positives of the caste system some key words: caste system provided stability, proverbial tolerance of the Hindu society, generations of craftmen/artists lead to increased sophistication in arts and crafts, interdependence, ensured livelihood etc. Option 2: If CDE does not permit such content change as the process of edit, accept Curriculum Commission recommendation. 3
4 Nature of Problem: Issue III: Monotheism VF/HEF View Hindu concept of God is One God; many forms. That one God is named Brahman when referring to His immanent and transcendent aspects, or as Bhagawan when referring to His personal aspect. The text books mostly lead one to believe that Hindus believe in many Gods, which may be true if explained properly (viz. they are aspects of forms of the same divinity. Hinduism belief goes beyond monotheism to Monism (=every thing that we see and don t see is in reality Brahman) Harvard et. al View Hindus believe in many gods Option 1: Hindu notion of Divinity is quite complex, even for some practicing Hindus. I found an excellent description of Hindu Gods and Goddesses written by Professor Gerald James Larson in the World regions in America: An Introduction, edited by Jacob Neusner. A copy of the pages from that book are attached. In my opinion, this material will be agreeable to both Western scholars as well as to the practitioners of the faith. This idea can easily be described in a language at the sixth grade level. This description explains well the idea of multiple forms of Divinity for worship while acknowledging the transcendent and immanent Unity underlying all these forms of worship. Typical sixth grade student cannot understand this easily and therefore use in textbooks of gods in plural, use of statues for icons could be misleading. Option 2: Use God by default, except when used for deities (who are created according to Hindu texts). Capitalized God should be used when the references are to Vishnu, Shiva, Brahma, Devi (Durga, Kali, Parvati), Brahman, Ganesha, Murugan (or Skanda). For Agni, Vayu, Indra, Soma, Pushan, Brihaspati, Mitra, Varuna, Aryama, use the word deity. [This could be less controversial, but would create some headache for publishers]. Option 3: Accept Currciculum Commission recommendations. 4
5 Nature of Problem: Issue IV: Untouchability VF/HEF View Practice of untouchability before 600 AD was marginal (see note 1 below) Text book back project current practices-- an excessive, anachronistic and obsessive focus. For other religions, text books gloss over their problems such as religious persecution of infidels and pagans, slavery, etc. Want the word Dalit removed from text books. Harvard et. al View Want current injustices reflected in the text books Note 1: The Untouchables (Chandalas) were a very small, marginal group (that also included degraded Brahmins) who were characterized by a lifestyle of eating unclean food and living unclean lifestyles simply put they were people who were ostracized by the society for engaging in extreme acts contrary to the dharma. Even Brahmins if they engaged in forbidden acts were condemned as chandaalaas. Chandaalas are condemned uniformly in Buddhist, Jain and Hindu scriptures. Standard works such as R S Sharma's 'Shudra in Ancient India' (2002) argue that the Chandaalas were a small community living at the margins of settled communities due to them being ostracized for their habits. Due to their lifestyle (or what one can deduce from their descriptions in Hindu-Jain- Buddhist texts), they were considered beasts in human form. Hindu scriptures are completely silent about this practice, indicating that it is a social custom and not a religious practice. Mahatma Gandhi himself used the Hindu scriptures to fight this evil. Option 1: Only textbook (Prentice Hall) uses the word Dalit. Ask Prentice Hall to remove this word for consistency with other textbooks/vf edits. Remove negative pictures of scavengers etc. Option 2: Remove all references to untouchability. Since evils associated with other religions (slavery, ill-treatment of infidels and pagans) are not taught in grade seven as religious features, there is no need to mention untouchability in grade six. What is the sixth-grade student expected to gain from this negative treatment? Option 3 (less preferable): Balance the negative descriptions with positive sentences like: Ancient Hindu society was somewhat unique in abolishing slavery and forced labor. Although some people were ostracized from the society as untouchables due their following professions that were considered dirty, it was only in much later centuries that this practice actually took significant proportions. Authoritative Hindu scriptures do not advocate this practice at all, and this argument was used by Mahatma Gandhi to fight this practice in modern times. Historical records show that many people who would now be classed as untouchables actually played a very esteemed role in the Hindu tradition. They 5
6 compiled and edited a majority of the Hindu scriptures (Vedas, Puranas, Mahabharata, Ramayana) as we have them today, and also gave rise to powerful ruling dynasties that warded off foreign invasions for several centuries. Many sages such as Veda Vyasa, Matanga, Valmiki who belonged to these communities are considered the greatest Hindu saints. Rich members of this class often financed construction of massive Hindu temples. 6
7 Nature of Problem: Issue V: Aryan Invasion Theory VF/HEF View No scientific evidence available so far from archaeology, genetics, archaeometallurgy, astronomical references, skeletal anthropology, literature etc, that substantiates either theory. Various Aryan theories have a link to dangerous hate ideologies and are totally unattested in the Hindu tradition. Latest Books even contest linguistic evidence and call it inconclusive (e.g., Laurrie Patton and Edwin Bryant, The Indo-Aryan Controversy, Routledge, 2005) Harvard et. al View Base the theory on linguistic evidence Option 1: Accept all Hindu edits with additions by CC that replace Invasion with Migration and also add that the latter is also just a theory. Origin of Hinduism should be delinked to Aryan theories. Current textbooks overemphasize on Vedas which annoys some people from South India. Therefore a neutral description should be used: The Vedic traditions fused with other spiritual traditions of the Indian subcontinent to give rise to the colorful mosaic of Hinduism. Hinduism also absorbed some external influences. This is why there is such a great variety of beliefs, practices and customs. And two thousand years ago, this religion also started spreading to other parts of the world such as Indonesia, where we still find Hindu communities as on the island of Bali. Hinduism does not have a historical founder, it did not develop a centralized hierarchy of priests and its origin is lost in great antiquity. Most Hindus have always been Hindu, and have never converted from any other religion. Therefore, Hindus believe that their religion should be called Sanatana Dharma or the eternal faith which is a gift from God to human beings. Hinduism has two sacred languages- Sanskrit and Tamil, and its sacred texts are written in numerous regional languages. [The last sentence will satisfy South Indians and many academics who allege north Indian bias in these textbooks]. Option 2: Textbooks should say the following: The Aryan Invasion Theory has been given up due to lack of evidence from archaeology or literature. In its place, the Aryan Migration theory has been proposed by historians. But now latest evidence from genetics and skeletal anthropology disputes that there was any large scale migration from Central Asia into India. Therefore, even though the parent of Sanskrit may be linked to languages in Europe and Central Asia, it remains uncertain as to when and in which direction the borrowals occurred. The Vedas contain references to the Saraswati river which nourished a flourishing culture. But it appears that this river dried out in the course of time and the north western part of India was abandoned by many people. The center of gravity of Indian civilization then moved eastwards to the plains of Ganges, which became a holy river. When this happened is uncertain, but most scientists say that this may have happened 4000 years ago at a time when the Indus Civilization was also collapsing. [This will satisfy linguists like Michael Witzel, and also HEF/VF]. Again, delink the 7
8 origin of Hinduism to this theory due to lack of evidence and contradictory statements recent scholarship. 8
9 ISSUE VI: PENDING EDITS Nature of Problem: About 25 pending edits of HEF and more than 250 pending edits of VF were dismissed by CDE though they were submitted on time, due to the negative impact of Michael Witzel s letter. All these edits are merely concurring edits, and the organizations are adamant on pursuing these. Option: Since these are merely pending edits and there is no procedural or academic reason for rejecting them, CDE/SBE should just include them into the final draft of edits. No one is objecting to the inclusion of these edits. 9
10 Major recommendations I. SBE should be give specific directions to publishers about: 1. Adherence to Education Code 6044 sections a. and b. 2. Accuracy criteria on the issues of (a) Aryan Invasion Theory (b) Role of women (c) Caste system (d) Hinduism and Monotheism (e) Untouchability was a marginal practice in ancient India II. Pending edits should be considered by SBE. III. The integrity of the role of the curriculum commission must not be compromised. Their opinion must be given due importance in case there is a conflict of opinion between the other two contending parties. IV. In future, care should be taken that the books considered for adoption by CDE do not privilege other traditions over Indic and Hindu traditions. 10
Hinduta and the California History Textbook Scandal (November 2005)
Page 1 Hinduta and the California History Textbook Scandal (November 2005) Below are some key snippets of changes recommended for California grade school textbooks and in many cases initially approved!
More informationThe emergence of South Asian Civilization. September 26, 2013
The emergence of South Asian Civilization. September 26, 2013 Review What was the relationship of Han China to Vietnam, and to Korea? Who were the Xiongnu? (What is a barbarian?) What was the Silk Road?
More informationINDIA MID-TERM REVIEW
INDIA MID-TERM REVIEW 1. The Indus valley civilization The Indus valley civilization, along with the Aryan culture, is one of the two ancient origins of Indian civilization. The Indus valley civilization,
More informationTeaching and Learning activities (possible)
Hinduism Years: Years 5, 6, 7 and 8 Unit 1: God and Other Beliefs About this Unit: This unit examines Hindu beliefs and how these beliefs affect Hindu lifestyle. Prior Learning: It is helpful if children
More informationBC Religio ig ns n of S outh h A sia
Religions of South Asia 2500 250 BC Hinduism gave birth to Buddhism, Jainism, Sikhism Christianity Jesus Christ, son of God the Bible Islam Muhammadlast prophet to talk to Allah t he Quran Do you think
More information1. Introduction affected specific
1. Introduction In this chapter, you will learn about the origins and beliefs of Hinduism. Hinduism is the most influential set of religious beliefs in modern India. The ancient traditions that gave rise
More informationOrigins. Indus River Valley. When? About 4000 years ago Where?
Origins When? About 4000 years ago Where? What modern day countries make up where the Indus River Valley civilization once thrived? Indus River Valley Origins How? Who? It is widely believed that there
More informationIndia is separated from the north by the Himalayan and Hindu Kush Mountains.
Ancient India Geography Of India India is called a subcontinent. Subcontinent: a large landmass that is smaller than a continent India is separated from the north by the Himalayan and Hindu Kush Mountains.
More informationAs I Enter. Think about it: Agenda: What you know about Hinduism and Buddhism. Notes on Hinduism and Buddhism
As I Enter Think about it: What you know about Hinduism and Buddhism Agenda: Notes on Hinduism and Buddhism Hinduism Hinduism Statistically, there are over 900 million Hindus in the world (1 in 7 people)
More informationClassical India. A Z.S. Crossen Production
Classical India A Z.S. Crossen Production Chapter 3 Summary The Framework for Indian History: Geography and the Formative Period Patterns in Classical India Political Institutions Religion and Culture
More informationClick to read caption
3. Hinduism and Buddhism Ancient India gave birth to two major world religions, Hinduism and Buddhism. Both had common roots in the Vedas, a collection of religious hymns, poems, and prayers composed in
More informationReligions of South Asia. Hinduism Sikhism Buddhism Jainism
Religions of South Asia Hinduism Sikhism Buddhism Jainism Hinduism Historical Origins: Hinduism is one of the world s oldest religions and originated in India in about 1500 BC. Scholars believe that it
More informationAPWH. Physical Geo. & Climate: India 9/11/2014. Chapter 3 Notes
APWH Chapter 3 Notes Physical Geo. & Climate: India Deccan Plateau & Hindu Kush Major bodies of water: Indus and Ganges, Indian Ocean, etc. Mountain Ranges: Himalayas, Ghats, etc. Desert: Thar Monsoons:
More informationIn this chapter, you will learn about the origins and beliefs of Hinduism. Hinduism is the most influential set of religious beliefs in modern India.
1. Introduction This statue represents Rama, who is a role model as both a man and a ruler, in the way to live by the rules of dharma. In this chapter, you will learn about the origins and beliefs of Hinduism.
More informationChapter 15. Learning About World Religions: Hinduism
Chapter 15 Learning About World Religions: Hinduism Chapter 15 Learning About World Religions: Hinduism What are the origins and beliefs of Hinduism? 15.1 Introduction In this chapter, you will learn about
More informationIndus Valley- one of the early contributors to Hinduism. Found fire pits and animal bones which showed that this civilization had animal sacrifices
Indus Valley- one of the early contributors to Hinduism. Found fire pits and animal bones which showed that this civilization had animal sacrifices Parvati- A mother goddess representing female energy
More informationAncient India Summary Guide
Name Period Date Ancient India Summary Guide Be able to spell and define the following key concept terms: Subcontinent: a large landmass, usually partially separated by land forms, that is smaller than
More informationAncient India and China
Ancient India and China The Subcontinent Huge peninsula Pushes out into the Indian Ocean India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal, Bhutan, Sri Lanka Himalaya Hindu Kush Eastern and Western Ghats Mountains Rivers
More informationChapter 7 - Lesson 2 "The Origins of Hinduism" p
Chapter 7 - Lesson 2 "The Origins of Hinduism" p.226-231 MAIN IDEAS Culture: A group of nomadic people moved into India and took over what was left of Harappan civilization. Government: Under Aryan rule,
More informationAncient India. Section Notes Geography and Early India Origins of Hinduism Origins of Buddhism Indian Empires Indian Achievements
Ancient India Section Notes Geography and Early India Origins of Hinduism Origins of Buddhism Indian Empires Indian Achievements History Close-up Life in Mohenjo Daro Quick Facts The Varnas Major Beliefs
More informationGods & Spirits. Kenneth Feldmeier Office hours: Tuesday before class
Gods & Spirits Kenneth Feldmeier feldmekj@lavc.edu Office hours: Tuesday before class Recap: Where have we been, where do we go? The plan; this week we are going to discuss different ideas about gods and
More informationTwin valley presbytery April 20, 2018
Twin valley presbytery April 20, 2018 Hinduism: The Name: The English name Hinduism is derived from the name Indus River. People who lived around this river were called Indus, when Persians invaded the
More informationOrigin. Hinduism is an ethnic religion that evolved on the Indian subcontinent beginning about 3,500 years ago.
Hinduism Origin Hinduism is an ethnic religion that evolved on the Indian subcontinent beginning about 3,500 years ago. Distribution/Diffusion Hinduism (shown above in hot pink) has approximately 806 million
More informationHinduism and Buddhism
Hinduism and Buddhism WHAT ARE THE MAIN BELIEFS OF HINDUISM & BUDDHISM? MS. JEREMIE Starter: Creation Myth Reflection Using your notes from the presentations, answer the following prompt: What similarities
More informationNAME DATE CLASS. Directions: In the space next to each vocabulary term, write the letter of the word or phrase most closely connected with it.
Vocabulary Builder Activity A. Content Vocabulary Directions: In the space next to each vocabulary term, write the letter of the word or phrase most closely connected with it. 1. subcontinent 2. monsoon
More informationJune 26, Dear Dr. Thurston and Respected Members of the Board:
June 26, 2008 Dear Dr. Thurston and Respected Members of the Board: I write to you in my capacity as Legal Counsel and interim Managing Director of the Hindu American Foundation. The Hindu American Foundation
More informationWorld Religions. Section 3 - Hinduism and Buddhism. Welcome, Rob Reiter. My Account Feedback and Support Sign Out. Choose Another Program
Welcome, Rob Reiter My Account Feedback and Support Sign Out Choose Another Program Home Select a Lesson Program Resources My Classes 3 - World Religions This is what your students see when they are signed
More informationWhat you will learn in this unit...
Belief Systems What you will learn in this unit... What are the characteristics of major religions? How are they similar and different? How have major religions affected culture? How have belief systems
More informationChapter 3. People and Ideas on the Move 3500 B.C. 259 B.C.
Chapter 3 People and Ideas on the Move 3500 B.C. 259 B.C. Time Line 2000 B.C. Hittites migrate to Anatolia. 1100 B.C. Phoenicians begin to dominate Mediterranean trade. 259 B.C. 3500 B.C. 1500 B.C. Aryans
More informationOrigins of Hinduism. Indian Society Divides
SECTION 2 Origins of Hinduism What You Will Learn Main Ideas 1. Indian society divided into distinct groups under the Aryans. 2. The Aryans practiced a religion known as Brahmanism. 3. Hinduism developed
More informationOrigins of Hinduism Buddhism, and Jainism
Origins of Hinduism Buddhism, and Jainism Nature of faith Religions build on the experiences of cultural groups. Hinduism is unique in that it doesn t trace its origins to the clarity of teachings of
More information1. Subcontinent - A large distinguishable part of a continent
I. India A. Geography - Located in southern Asia, India is a triangular shaped subcontinent. 1. Subcontinent - A large distinguishable part of a continent 2. Due to the geographic diversity of India, over
More informationLesson 1: Geography of South Asia
Lesson 1 Summary Lesson 1: Geography of South Asia Use with pages 122 127. Vocabulary subcontinent a large region separated by water from other land areas monsoon season the rainy season subsistence farming
More informationCultures of Persia, India, and china. WH I 4a-e
Cultures of Persia, India, and china WH I 4a-e Vocabulary Power Imperial Bureaucracy- How Persia governed its empire- Divided empire into provinces each with its own administrator Zoroastrianism- monotheistic
More informationHindu Kush. Himalayas. monsoon. Harappan Civilization. planned city. Lesson Main Ideas. Physical Geography of India. Mountains and Waterways.
Grade 6 World History: Ancient Civilizations Chapter 7: Ancient India Lesson 1: Geography and Indian Life Objectives 1. Describe the physical features, including the river systems, that characterized ancient
More informationSanatana Dharma. The Eternal Way of Life (Hinduism)
Sanatana Dharma The Eternal Way of Life (Hinduism) Brahman, Atman and Maya The Hindu Way of Comprehending Reality and Life Brahman, Atman and Maya u These three terms are essential in understanding the
More informationThe Rise of Hinduism
The Rise of Hinduism Not many things have endured without major transformation for over 5,000 years. That's one reason Hindu traditions stand out. Hinduism might be the oldest religion on Earth. To understand
More informationNB#30 Chapter 24 India s History and Culture
NB#30 Chapter 24 India s History and Culture History Background 1. During the time of Ancient India, hundreds of towns existed in the Indus River Valley History: The Aryan people 2. The Aryans moved into
More informationHinduism. Hinduism is a religion as well as a social system (the caste system).
Hinduism Practiced by the various cultures of the Indian subcontinent since 1500 BCE. Began in India with the Aryan invaders. Believe in one supreme force called Brahma, the creator, who is in all things.
More informationChapter 7 Religion pages Field Note: Dying and Resurrecting:
Chapter 7 Religion pages 177-216 Field Note: Dying and Resurrecting: pg. 177 Why did the Soviet Union let the churches collapse? because the different religions set Soviet against Soviet, and the church
More informationName: Document Packet Week 6 - Belief Systems: Polytheism Date:
Name: Document Packet Week 6 - Belief Systems: Polytheism Date: In this packet you will have all the documents for the week. This document packet must be in class with you every day. We will work with
More informationAPWH Chapters 4 & 9.notebook September 11, 2015
Chapters 4 & 9 South Asia The first agricultural civilization in India was located in the Indus River valley. Its two main cities were Mohenjo Daro and Harappa. Its writing, however, has never been deciphered,
More informationRethinking India s past
JB: Rethinking India s past 1 Johannes Bronkhorst johannes.bronkhorst@unil.ch Rethinking India s past (published in: Culture, People and Power: India and globalized world. Ed. Amitabh Mattoo, Heeraman
More informationWORLD HISTORY 8 CH 5.2 ORIGINS OF HINDUISM
WORLD HISTORY 8 CH 5.2 ORIGINS OF HINDUISM 1. EXPLAIN THE ORIGINS OF INDIA S CLASS STRUCTURE. AS ARYAN SOCIETY BECAME MORE COMPLEX, THEIR SOCIETY BECAME DIVIDED INTO GROUPS BASE ON, FOR THE MOST PART,
More informationIndia Notes. The study of Ancient India includes 3 time periods:
India Notes The Indian Civilization The study of Ancient India includes 3 time periods: Indian Geography The 1 st Indian Civilization began along the River now located in the country of. Many people know
More informationKey questions: Hinduism
Key questions: Hinduism! Where did Hinduism originate?! Who founded Hinduism?! Hinduism is considered a major world religion. Why?! What is the goal or ultimate reality according to Hinduism? Basics of
More informationCommon Sense 1. The land of diversity. The present population of India: More than a billion.
Common Sense 1 The land of diversity The present population of India: More than a billion. Almost certain that population of India will surpass that of China by 2050. Eighty per cent of India s population:
More informationI. Introduction to Hinduism. Unit 3 SG 5
I. Introduction to Hinduism Unit 3 SG 5 A. The Indian Subcontinent 1. The vast majority of Hindus live in India and Nepal 2. Hinduism is an ethnic religion. B. Beliefs Common to Religions in India 1.
More informationDirector, SARASVATI RESEARCH CENTRE, Former Sr. Exec., Asian Development Bank, 3 Temple Avenue, Chennai Tel
Director, SARASVATI RESEARCH CENTRE, Former Sr. Exec., Asian Development Bank, 3 Temple Avenue, Chennai 600015 Tel. 91 44 22350557 kalyan97@gmail.com To: Hon'ble Mr. Jack O'Connell The Superintendent of
More informationBasic Hindu Beliefs & the. Caste System
Basic Hindu Beliefs & the Caste System (Social Structure) Caste System Strict social structure where the caste you are born into is the one you stay in the whole of your life; you do not mix with anyone
More informationHINDUISM. By: Alex Chartrand, Sona Bavaria, Tvisha Baxi
HINDUISM By: Alex Chartrand, Sona Bavaria, Tvisha Baxi ORIGINS OF HINDUISM: INDO-EUROPEAN SOURCES Brahmanism and Vedism Developed in India among Indo-European speaking peoples The original two religions
More informationHinduism. AP World History Chapter 6ab
Hinduism AP World History Chapter 6ab Origins Originates in India from literature, traditions, and class system of Aryan invaders Developed gradually; took on a variety of forms and gods particular to
More informationThursday, February 23, 17
Thursday, February 23, 17 World Religions: Hinduism Objec+ve: Complete Warm-Up, discuss Do-Now, complete outline notes on Hinduism Do Now: What two major powers have controlled India? What is a Raj? What
More informationChapter 7 Indian Civilization Hinduism and Buddhism
Chapter 7 Indian Civilization Hinduism and Buddhism Early India 2500 to 1500 B.C.E The first known Indigenous people of the Indus valley were known as the Dasas, or Pre-Aryan. They built complex cities
More informationMonday, November I can explain how the major beliefs of Brahmanism evolved into Hinduism.
Monday, November 16 6.25 I can explain how the major beliefs of Brahmanism evolved into Hinduism. Religions of Ancient India Chapter 6.2 Origins of Hinduism One of the world s oldest 3 rd largest religion
More informationPeople and Ideas on the Move. Explain the Dynasty Cycle and Mandate of Heaven.
People and Ideas on the Move Explain the Dynasty Cycle and Mandate of Heaven. Objectives Students will be able to describe the spread of Indo- Europeans Aryan Invasion Hittite Empire Terms: Caste, Vedas,
More informationDecline of the Indus River Valley civilizations - -
Quick-Write: 8/30 Decline of the Indus River Valley civilizations - - Aryans - Aryans Aryans and Vedas Aryans and Vedas Aryans and Vedas Aryans and Social Order Aryans and Social Order - Caste System
More informationReview of McGraw Hill California Social Studies Textbook Drafts
Review of McGraw Hill California Social Studies Textbook 1 Review of McGraw Hill California Social Studies Textbook Drafts Hindu Education Foundation USA (HEF) July, 2017 Review of McGraw Hill California
More informationCLASSICAL INDIA FROM THE MAURYANS TO THE GUPTAS
CLASSICAL INDIA FROM THE MAURYANS TO THE GUPTAS RISE OF MAURYAN EMPIRE Ganges Republics Prior to Alexander, kshatriyan republics dominated, vied for power Maghda was one of the most dominant Western Intrusions
More informationClassical Civilizations. World History Honors Unit 2
Classical Civilizations World History Honors Unit 2 Unit 2 India China Ancient Greece Ancient Rome Hinduism One of the oldest religions on earth today Probably created by combining traditions from Vedic
More informationWhat Makes Something Hindu?
Hinduism Richard G. Howe, Ph.D. based on Corduan, Winfried. Neighboring Faiths: A Christian Introduction to World Religions. 2 nd ed. Downers Grove: InterVarsity, 2012. What Makes Something Hindu? 1 In
More informationAP World History Chapter 3. Classical Civilization India
AP World History Chapter 3 Classical Civilization India Aryan Civilization Indo European people who migrated across Europe and Asia. No Archeological record of early Aryans. Priests called Vedas kept
More informationReligion in Ancient India
Religion in Ancient India Hinduism The Aryans Aryans Invaders from Central Asia Raja king / ruler of Aryan village Sanskrit स स क त व क writing system of the Aryans The Vedas Vedas most important Sanskrit
More informationWS/FCS Unit Planning Organizer
WS/FCS Unit Planning Organizer Subject(s) Social Studies Conceptual Lenses Grade/Course 6 th Grade Social Studies Religion Unit of Study Classic India Society Structure Unit Title Karma, Krishna, and Castes
More informationKey Concept 2.1. Define DIASPORIC COMMUNITY.
Key Concept 2.1 As states and empires increased in size and contacts between regions intensified, human communities transformed their religious and ideological beliefs and practices. I. Codifications and
More informationIndia has several unique geographical regions that helped to shape Indian culture and society.
India has several unique geographical regions that helped to shape Indian culture and society. Aryan Warriors who spoke an Indo-European language invaded India, conquered the Dravidian people that lived
More informationHinduism: A Christian Perspective
Hinduism: A Christian Perspective Rick Rood gives us an understanding of this major world religion which is becoming more a part of the American scene with the growth of a Hindu immigrant population. Taking
More informationAN ANALYTICAL STUDY OF STATUS OF WOMEN IN DHARMASHASTRA WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE YAJNAVALKYA-SMRITI
AN ANALYTICAL STUDY OF STATUS OF WOMEN IN DHARMASHASTRA WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE YAJNAVALKYA-SMRITI Ph.D. Research Scholar, Post Graduate Department of Sanskrit Language & Literature, KavikulaguruKalidas
More informationI. China and the Search for Order
1 I. China and the Search for Order A. The Legalist Answer 1. High rewards, high punishments: Advocates of Legalism believed that humans were self-serving and short-sighted. Thus, to get them to do good,
More informationHHS-World Studies World Religion Review: Belief Systems
HHS-World Studies World Religion Review: Belief Systems Name Date Period Essential Questions -What are the characteristics of major religions? -How are they similar and different? -How have major religions
More informationAncient and Medieval. Studies 165, Fall 2013
Ancient and Medieval Hinduism Religious Studies 165, Fall 2013 Professor Todd Lewis 425 Smith Office Hours: Tuesdays, Thursdays 2 3; Wed 1 2, and by appointment Office Extension: 793 3436 E mail: tlewis@holycross.edu
More informationUNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT EASTERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA
Case :0-cv-00-FCD-KJM Document 0 Filed 0//00 Page of 0 0 Venkat Balasubramani (State Bar No. ) BALASUBRAMANI LAW 0 th Ave. SW Seattle, Washington (0) - phone (0) 0- fax venkat@balasubramani.com Attorneys
More informationThe Importance Of Right Conduct In Hinduism
The Importance Of Right Conduct In Hinduism Hinduism has no one main founder like the Buddha or Jesus or the Prophet Muhammad or Guru Nanak. One result of this is that there are many forms of Hinduism
More informationEARLY WORLD RELIGIONS
EARLY WORLD RELIGIONS Hinduism Buddhism Confucianism Legalism Daoism Judaism Christianity (Islam will be in the next unit) Religions of South Asia Religion in the Subcontinent Hinduism What is Hinduism?
More informationAS I ENTER THINK ABOUT IT
AS I ENTER THINK ABOUT IT How did all these religions diffuse? What type of diffusion did the major Universalizing and Ethnic religions experience? What were each of the Cultural Hearths? Agenda Overview
More informationKick Off: Homework: What is reincarnation? Write the question and answer it on page 2 of your packet! Quiz: EVEN: 10/23/17 ODD: 10/24/17
Kick Off: What is reincarnation? Write the question and answer it on page 2 of your packet! Quiz: EVEN: 10/23/17 ODD: 10/24/17 Homework: Unit 2 Vocabulary - Due at the end of the Unit! Quiz - Next week!
More informationGeneral Learning Outcomes: I will
General Learning Outcomes: I will Hinduism Video As you watch the video, write down 2 things you learned about Islam in each box. HISTORY OF HINDUISM BELIEFS AND ACTIONS CYCLE OF REBIRTH WORSHIP PRACTICES
More informationThe earliest inhabitants of India settled along the banks of the
NAME HR The answers to be used in these questions are to be taken from the Textbook: WORLD HISTORY ANCIENT CIVILIZATIONS from pages 218-244 1. India is a which is a large landmass that is like a continent,
More informationTopics Covered: (Israelites, monotheism, Judaism, Ten Commandments, Torah, Talmud, Diaspora)
HWK#3-DUE MONDAY 8-20-12 DIRECTIONS: 1. TAKE CORNELL NOTES ON THE FOLLOWING TOPICS: JUDAISM, HINDUISM, BUDDHISM, CONFUCIANISM, DAOISM, LEGALISM 2. MAKE SURE KEY TERMS ARE PUT INTO NOTES-IF YOU DO NOT KNOW
More informationTerms. Yuga: a Hindu philosophy that refers to an 'era' within a cycle of four ages: the Satya Yuga, Dvapara Yuga, and Kali Yuga
DEITIES Terms Brahman: the concept of the Godhead found in Hinduism. Brahman is the unchanging, infinite, immanent, and transcendent reality which is the Divine Ground of all matter, energy, time, space,
More informationIntroduction to Hinduism THEO 282
STANDARD SYLLABUS Introduction to Hinduism THEO 282 This course provides an introduction to Hinduism. Knowledge Area(s) satisfied: Theological and Religious Studies Knowledge Skill(s) Developed: Critical
More informationEarly Civilizations in India and China
Copyright 2003 by Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. Chapter 3, Section World History: Connection to Today Chapter 3 Early Civilizations
More informationIn the Beginning. Creation Myths Hinduism Buddhism
In the Beginning Creation Myths Hinduism Buddhism In the second millennium BCE (2000 BCE) Indus valley cities disappeared. A series of invasions by Aryan people who introduced Sancrit, (the language of
More informationIs a drop of water the same thing as the entire ocean? 8/14/2013
THE BASICS Hinduism World s oldest religion World's third largest religion, after Christianity and Islam Largely influenced later religions: Buddhism, Jainism, Sikhism Nearly 1 billion followers 13% of
More informationWorld religions. Comparing and contrasting Hinduism and Christianity. Introduction
World religions Comparing and contrasting Hinduism and Christianity Introduction The topic of world s faiths and religions brings to mind a lot to be spoken about. The World today is characterized by people
More informationBhagavad Gita AUTHORSHIP AND ORIGIN
Bhagavad Gita The Bhagavad Gita is an ancient text that became an important work of Hindu tradition in terms of both literature and philosophy. The earliest translations of this work from Sanskrit into
More informationSanātana Dharma Sanskrit phrase "the eternal law"
1. Notebook Entry: Hinduism 2. How do we identify a belief system EQ: How does Hinduism fit our model of a belief system? code of ethics, place of origin, texts, impact, spread, divine being, founder,
More informationUnit 2.2 Roots of Indian Civilization
Unit 2.2 Roots of Indian Civilization Do Now Happy Friday!!! How did implementation of codified laws such as the Code of Hammurabi affect the people of ancient societies? A) It unified the various peoples
More informationIntroduction. World Religions Unit
Introduction World Religions Unit Why Study Religions? Religion plays a key role in our world today Religion is a major component of the human experience Knowledge of people s religions helps us understand
More informationWk01 Monday, Mar 28. Required Text #1
Wk01 Monday, Mar 28 26 Required Text #1 1 Required Texts, #2 & #3 Summer Reading 2 The Course Title examined: Intro to Indian Philosophical Literature Intro Indian Philosophical Literature Indian vs. Hindu
More informationAncient India and China. Chapter 3
Ancient India and China Chapter 3 Chapter 3: Ancient India and China Section 1: Early Civilizations of India and Pakistan Main Idea #1: The Indian subcontinent is broken down into 3 parts: Deccan Plateau,
More informationMark Scheme (Results) Summer Pearson Edexcel GCE In Religious Studies 8RS0 Paper 4C Hinduism
Mark Scheme (Results) Summer 2017 Pearson Edexcel GCE In Religious Studies 8RS0 Paper 4C Hinduism Edexcel and BTEC Qualifications Edexcel and BTEC qualifications are awarded by Pearson, the UK s largest
More informationSpirituality in India
Spirituality in India Hinduism One of the oldest major religions. Polytheism: belief in many gods. Hindus do not eat beef. Fourth largest world religion. (Christianity 1, Islam 2, Buddhism 3) Hindu Facts
More informationThe Population Factor
Amazing India! The Population Factor The world s 2 nd largest country with 1,121,800,000 Only 1/3 the size of the U.S. 1.7% natural increase 2025 approaching 1.4 billion World s largest! Will surpass
More informationThe Historical Basis of Hinduism
Hinduism The Historical Basis of Hinduism Hinduism is not founded by one particular person Because it is not confined to one person s beliefs, it absorbed ideas and practices that suited the social and
More informationHinduism. Locale. History
Hinduism... tures and Worship efs us The very name Hinduism is a regional/people group descriptive name. It is the name for the inhabitants and the religion of the Indus River region. The inhabitants were
More informationHimalaya Tallest mountains in the world. Hindu Kush To the NW, above the Indus river.
Ancient India Himalaya Tallest mountains in the world. Hindu Kush To the NW, above the Indus river. Khyber Pass Mountain pass in the Hindu Kush. This was the passage for invaders who entered India. 29,
More information3. Label the castes 4. What was their religion first called? What is it called today?
6.1 Aryan Invasion Essential Question: How does religion shape society? Standard 6.24 and 6.25 Success Criteria: 1. The caste system emerged, or began, in India under which group of people? 2. Which is
More informationMohenjodaro and Hindu Beliefs. Presentation by Mr. Tsolomitis
Mohenjodaro and Hindu Beliefs Presentation by Mr. Tsolomitis Mohenjodaro A city located in the Indus River Valley Part of the Indus-Sarasvati civilization Also part of the Harappan civilization (named
More information