Early Church Prison Epistles Pastorals General 1 General 2 Revelation. General Epistles 2. 1 Peter 1. Authorship. 1 Peter

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Early Church Prison Epistles Pastorals General 1 General 2 Revelation. General Epistles 2. 1 Peter 1. Authorship. 1 Peter"

Transcription

1 Early Church Prison Epistles Pastorals General 1 General 2 Revelation General Epistles General Epistles 2, 2 Peterand Jude, 1. Authorship A. For Petrine Authorship 1. External tradition unanimous 2. Self-designation (1:1) 3. Mark as my son squares with tradition (5:13) 4. Apparent eyewitness (1:8; 2:20 25; 5:1) 5. Strong Jewish perspective 6. Compares favorably with Petrine speeches in Acts 1. Authorship B. Against Petrine Authorship 1. External tradition is late (not till Irenaeus, 180) 2. Language/style (literary Greek) 3. Historical issues lack of concrete knowledge of Jesus lack of known connection to addressees civil nature of persecution is later date late canonical process

2 1. Authorship B. Against Petrine Authorship 4. Theological issues Pauline echo too strong ( in Christ ) doctrinal concerns of a later era C. Authorship Proposals 1. Amenuensis (issue of role of Silvanus, 5:12) 2. Pseudonymity (why a Paulinist use Petrine?) 3. Anonymous (name added later; no manuscript evidence) 2. Date A. Early (pre-ad 64) 1. Persecution: early? 2. Eschatological expectation: early? 3. Church order: primitive nature? synagogal? 4. Call for state loyalty more probable before fire of Rome, AD Natural reading of 2 Pet. 3:1 s former letter 2. Date B. Late (ca. AD 90 95) 1. Muratorian Canon: missing but fragmentary? 2. Judaizing controversy absent 3. Geographical spread of Christianity later? (1:1) 4. Babylon cipher for Rome = post-ad Persecution: later? (if official, civil type) 3. Origin: Rome (traditional, on Babylon cipher) 4. Destination A. Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia, Bithynia B. Background 1. Jewish Christian? use of OT terms ( diaspora, our forefathers, 1:18) 2. Gentile Christian? use of Greek name Peter (1:1) former immoral life (1:14, 18; 2:9 10; 3:5 6; 4:3)

3 4. Destination A. Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia, Bithynia B. Background 1. Jewish Christian? use of OT terms ( diaspora, our forefathers, 1:18) 2. Gentile Christian? use of Greek name Peter (1:1) former immoral life (1:14, 18; 2:9 10; 3:5 6; 4:3) 5. Occasion/Purpose A. Occasion 1. Author s knowledge of sufferings, practical courage, faithfulness 2. Silvanus may be traveling through area B. Purpose 1. Strengthen faith, unify believers 2. Encourage faithfulness in persecution 3. Encourage positive engagement with society 6. Theme: living life 'om God bearing suffering triumphantly 7. Outline A. Introduction (1:1 2) B. Living Life (1:3 4:19) 1. Life from God (1:3 2:10) 2. Life in Society (2:11 3:12) 3. Life under Trials (3:13 4:19) C. Exhortations (5:1 11) D. Conclusion (5:12 14) 8. Critical Problems A. Authorship, Date, Origin B. Nature of Persecution 1. Evidence (1:6; 2:11 12; 3:13 17; 4:4, 12 19; 5:9 10) 2. Two apparent settings potential future (1:3 4:11) actual present (4:12 19)

4 8. Critical Problems B. Nature of Persecution 3. Historical suggestions general antagonism (but 4:12 seems official) Nero (but his confined to Rome only) Domitian (but not in provinces addressed) Trajan wrongdoers in 2:12 like Pliny s letter crime to bear Christian name in 4:12 8. Critical Problems C. Unity and Genre (Issue of 1:3 4:11) 1. Appears as distinct, independent unit 2. Same author of rest of (Greek, themes) 3. Pre-existing baptism liturgy or sermon? D. Theological Issues 1. Church and Israel: replacement, inclusion, two covenants, two religions? 2. Descent into hell (1 Pet. 3:19): a 2nd cent. reading canonized by 4th cent. Apostles Creed General Epistles General Epistles 2, 2 Peterand Jude, 1. Authorship 2 Peter A. Against Petrine Authorship 1. Substantial style differences 2. Greek philosophical traditions vs. Galilean 3. Early Catholicism, Paul s collected letters 4. Virtual complete dependence on Jude 5. Canon process weakest, slowest of all 6. Use of testament genre is pseudonymous 7. Predictable shifts of future, present tenses

5 1. Authorship 2 Peter B. For Petrine Authorship 1. Style differences are secretarial 2. Greek philosophical ideas more common than allowed (cf. Philo, Josephus) 3. Not late: our ancestors = Jewish forefathers; Paul s letters not necessarily a collection 4. Use of sources common (thus, use of Jude) 5. Canon weak, but stronger than any excluded 6. Not all testaments were pseudonymous 2. Date 2 Peter A. Early Petrine (Pre-AD 64) 1. Peter, late in ministry, probably Rome 2. Traditional martyrdom, fire, AD 64 B. Later Petrine Pseudonymous (AD 80 90) 1. Later disciple, after war 2. Preserving Petrine traditions C. Later Non-Petrine Pseudonymous ( ) 1. Later generation of believers 2. Later issues of developing church 3. Occasion/Purpose 2 Peter A. Occasion 1. Heresy and skepticism 2. Not same situation as Jude B. Purpose 1. Combatting a libertine heresy (Epicurean?) 2. Answering second coming skeptics 4. Theme: true knowledge of God affirms the apostolic tradition, which includes belief in the parousia and ethical living 5. Outline 2 Peter A. Introduction (1:1 2) B. True Knowledge Transforms (1:3 11) C. False Knowledge Corrupts (2:1 22) D. Second Coming Truth (3:1 18)

6 6. Critical Problems 2 Peter A. Authorship, Date, Origin B. Genre mixed 1. Letter genre? Opens like letter, but not in body or in conclusion (which is a doxology) 2. Jewish testament? If so, three parts: announce impending death (1:12 15) summarize ethical teaching (1:3 11) reveal future events (2:1 3; 3:1 4) 6. Critical Problems 2 Peter C. Identity of False Teachers Epicurean? 1. Theodicy skepticism (God not involved) 2. Ethical skepticism (morality does not matter) D. Literary Relationship to Jude (cf. Synoptic Prob.) 1. Basic possibilities copying (Jude or 2 Peter) tradition (oral or written) 6. Critical Problems 2 Peter D. Literary Relationship to Jude (cf. Synoptic Prob.) 2. Majority opinion: 2 Peter copied Jude Length of Jude: why write if little original? Usage of 2 Peter: why use so little of source? Editing process: specific word changes easier to explain if 2 Peter using Jude

7 1. Authorship Jude A. Against Jude Authorship 1. Perspective: looks back on apostolic era faith once-for-all entrusted (v. 3) apostolic predictions (v. 17) 2. Catholicism: the faith as if a fixed body of doctrine seems more like early Catholicism 3. Language/style: wide breadth of vocabulary with rhetorical nuances 1. Authorship Jude B. For Jude Authorship 1. Perspective: simply reminders of what all personally learned from the apostles 2. Catholicism: primitive church elements present (vivid return expectation; no church officers; faith like Paul s gospel in Gal. 1:23) 3. Language/style: widespread use of Greek allowed casual pickup 1. Authorship Jude B. For Jude Authorship 4. Content: consistent with early, Palestinian Jewish leader use of Scripture use of Jewish literature eschatology 1. Authorship Jude C. Provisional Conclusion 1. Evidence mixed, but generally positive 2. Family relationships brother of James straightforward, simple designation likely the famous brother of Jesus, early leader of Jerusalem church in Acts brother of Jesus (Mt. 13:55; Mk. 6:3), but did not obtain statue, leadership that James did

8 1. Authorship Jude C. Provisional Conclusion 3. Impact of First Jewish War dissolution of Palestinian Christianity influence, leadership of both brothers lost James was martyred by high priest (62) Jude, not as influential, fell into obscurity 1. Authorship Jude D. Brief Biography 1. Brother of Jesus (Mt. 13:55; Mk. 6:3) 2. Post-resurrection faith (Mt. 12:46; Mk. 3:31; Lk. 8:19) 3. Possible itinerant, diaspora ministry (1 Cor. 9:5) 4. Possible grandsons in reign of Domitian (so Hegesippus, according to Eusebius, Hist. Eccl ) 2. Date Jude A. Paucity of Information on Jude B. Pre-War Guess (50s or 60s) 3. Occasion/Purpose Jude A. Occasion: original treatise on salvation interrupted by need to refute heresy B. Purpose: polemical 4. Theme: exposing false teachers, superficiality 5. Outline Jude A. Introduction (vv. 1 4) B. Polemical Midrash (vv. 5 23) C. Doxology (vv ) Text Application vv. 5 7 vv v. 11 vv vv v. 16 vv v. 19

9 6. Critical Problems Jude A. Authorship, Date, Origin B. Genre Midrash? 1. Follows midrashic pattern state a text, example, point give an application similar to sermon built around texts 2. Purpose of exposing false teachers C. Literary Relationship with 2 Peter (see 2 Peter) 6. Critical Problems Jude D. Identity of False Teachers Jewish? 1. Advocate sexual license ( scoffers ) 2. Claim divine inspiration ( dreamers ) 3. Slander angels how? by despising the Law? (given by angels at Mt. Sinai in Jewish tradition) by claiming superiority? 4. Abuse fellowship meals (indulgent) 5. Provoke division, devoid of Spirit General Epistles General Epistles 2, 2 Peterand Jude, 1. Authorship A. General Overview 1. 1 John = unspecified John = the elder 3. Church tradition: John the Apostle (first attribution: Irenaeus, AD 180)

10 1. Authorship B. Gospel Connections (1 John) 1. Common themes 2. Common external tradition 3. C. H. Dodd: argued theological differences futurist eschatology (not realized esch.) sacrifical atonement (not lifting up ) Spirit force (not personal Paraclete) 4. Papias: muddies the waters by inferring two Ephesian leaders named John Common Themes life light truth( abiding God s Son world as hostile laying down life new commandment( Father/Son relationship salvation as knowing God 1. Authorship C. Summary Observations 1. hang together 2. Show connections to Gospel of John 3. Show distinctions from Gospel of John 4. Epistles, Gospel from same community 2. Date: AD A. Ireneaus: has John in Ephesus till Trajan (AD 98) B. Heresy: seems proto-gnostic (early form) of 2nd cent. Docetism 3. Origin A. Technically unknown B. Traditionally Ephesus (Irenaeus tradition through Eusebius, Hist. Eccl )

11 Irenaeus on John the Apostle When I was a boy in Asia Minor, I knew you at Polycarp s house... I can describe the very place in which the blessed Polycarp used to sit and discourse..., and how he recounted his close association with John and with the rest of those who had seen the Lord. ( Irenaeus, Letter to Florinus ( Eusebius, Hist. Eccl Destination A. Explicit Destination 1. 1 John unspecified 2. 2 John the elect lady 3. 3 John Gaius (known to author) B. Implicit Destination 1. All three situations seem plausibly connected 2. Likely Ephesian house churches connected to author and his leadership 5. Occasion/Purpose 1 John A. Occasion 1. Internally: traumatic schism of community by false prophets with heretical doctrine 2. Externally: heresy distorts Johannine Gospel traditions three ways false Christology unrealistic ethics overhyped Spirit emphasis Mirror-Reading Assertions 1. If we say Those who deny... Such statements reveal the assertions of the heretical teachers about the person of Christ, Christian ethics, and the Spirit.

12 Three Main Errors 1. Christological Denials a. Jesus as Christ, or the Father and Son (2:22 23) b. Jesus as Christ come in the flesh (4:1 3) 2. Ethical Claims a.( Sinlessness (1:8, 10) b.( Intimacy with God without ethical walk (1:6; 2:4, 6) c.( Loving God but not some believers (2:9; 4:20) 3. Spirit Claims a. Deeper spiritual insight b. Knowing God, being in the light c. Special prophetic insight, Spirit anointing (2:20, 27; 4:1) Johannine Response 1. Christological Corrections a.( Jesus is the Christ come in the flesh (2:22) b.( Rejection of material/spiritual dualism (4:2) 2. Ethical Corrections a.( God is light = God is holy = moral demands (1:5; 2:7 11) b.( God is love = reflecting Jesus love to all (4:8; 3:10 24; 4:16 5:5; 3:16 18) 3. Spirit Corrections a.( All believers have knowledge, but the fundamental test is ethical (2:3, 20, 27) b.( All believers have the Spirit, but the fundamental test is corporate (4:1 6) 5. Occasion/Purpose 1 John B. Purpose 1. Polemical: to combat heresy by exposing its Docetic error and challenging libertine ethics 2. Pastoral: to calm, stabilize, encourage traumatized congregations by: recalling fundamental Johannine beliefs about God/Christ and living out beliefs assuring security in God s love in spite of false teachers success attracting adherents Gnosticism The trajectory of second-century Gnotic belief systems already had to be developing by the late first century. Theirs was a salvation by knowledge. They were dualistic: the material world was evil, the spiritual world was good. Therefore, the Christ Revealer/Redeemer could not possibly have been manifested in the flesh. He only seemed to be flesh, or secretly inhabited the body of Jesus of Nazareth, but departed just before the crucifixion. ( Docetic comes from the Greek word for seem, appear. ) Divine insight into one s heavenly origin allows the spirit s release from the prison of the material body to return to heaven. Thus, ethics is immaterial to salvation.

13 6. Occasion/Purpose 2, 3 John A. 2 John 1. Occasion: heretical teachings have grown worse; elder loosing ground in some churches 2. Purpose to restate warning against heretics to urge rejecting their representatives to reinforce Johannine community identity 6. Occasion/Purpose 2, 3 John B. 3 John 1. Occasion: crisis of authority, power struggle; Diotrephes unilaterally rejects all outside representatives, including the elder s, and excommunicates any who disagree 2. Purpose to commend/introduce Demetrius to condemn Diotrephes to encourage Gaius (as new patron?) Church Hierarchy The style of church pictured by the Johannine Gospel and letters a community of brothers and sisters, apparently without any hierarchy of leaders apart from the benevolent figure of the now aged John himself might have seemed a romantic ideal, impractical in the face of forces which threatened the church s existence.... the kind of situation which made the emerging pattern of elder-bishops or monarchial episcopate attractive [and became dominant only a few decades later by the time of Ignatius of Antioch]. Stephen Travis, ExNT, p Themes maintain true Johannine teachings and lifestyles, encourage unity and fe*owship, resist Diotrephes 8. Outlines A. 1 John 1. introduces themes 2. develops themes in recurring patterns B. 2 3 John: typical Greco-Roman letter format

14 9. Critical Problems A. Authorship, Date () B. Genre (1 John) 1. Neither begins nor ends like a letter 2. Circular for multiple house churches? C. Heresy () 1. Developed by mirror-reading 1 John 2. Docetic character: seems to reflect early form of 2nd cent. Gnosticism 9. Critical Problems D. Diotrephes (3 John) 1. Precise nature of relationship and actions (official leader? rogue layperson? official edicts?) 2. Exact form of elder s disagreement

Introduction To 1 Peter

Introduction To 1 Peter Introduction To 1 Peter I. Purpose A. Evidently Peter s object is to cheer and strengthen the Christians in these five provinces who are undergoing fiery trials. The fiery trials referred to are those

More information

THE BOOK OF 1 PETER The Epistle of Living Hope

THE BOOK OF 1 PETER The Epistle of Living Hope I. BACKGROUND INFORMATION II. A. Writer: Peter THE BOOK OF 1 PETER The Epistle of Living Hope 1. The name Peter (Πέτρος) means large rock or stone. He is mentioned more than any other apostle. His name

More information

CHAPTER 11 JOHN S WRITINGS

CHAPTER 11 JOHN S WRITINGS New Testament Survey John A. Battle, Th.D. Western Reformed Seminary (www.wrs.edu) CHAPTER 11 JOHN S WRITINGS Most of the NT books were written before Jerusalem was destroyed by the Romans in A.D. 70.

More information

The Light and the Life. Revealed!

The Light and the Life. Revealed! Dr. Andy Woods The Light and the Life Revealed! Answering Ten Questions Who wrote it? What do we know about the author? When was it written? Where was it written from? Who was it written to? Answering

More information

BY DAN KRAH. 1 st John - Dan Krah

BY DAN KRAH. 1 st John - Dan Krah BY DAN KRAH For I have never, like many, delighted to hear those that tell many things, but those that teach the truth, neither those that record foreign precepts, but those that are given from the Lord,

More information

1John 1:1-4. We have already discussed docetism and how its adherents taught that Jesus only appeared to come in the flesh.

1John 1:1-4. We have already discussed docetism and how its adherents taught that Jesus only appeared to come in the flesh. The First Epistle of John so that you too may have fellowship with us; and indeed our fellowship is with the Father, and with His Son Jesus Christ (1John 1:3) Background 1John 1:1-4 What literary genre

More information

FIRST JOHN CLASS NOTES

FIRST JOHN CLASS NOTES Joshua Bramer Center Point Bible Institute 1 Authorship FIRST JOHN CLASS NOTES There is no explicit claim of authorship in 1 John. Externally, the authorship of 1 John is tied to the issue of the date

More information

Authorship of 2 Peter

Authorship of 2 Peter 27.8 Authorship of 2 Peter Second Peter leaves no doubt that it is to be read as correspondence from the apostle Peter (see 1:1, 17 18). Nevertheless, it is considered to be pseudepigraphical by almost

More information

Introductory Matters. Authorship Date Recipients Place of writing Occasion for writing Purpose Structure Message Unique characteristics

Introductory Matters. Authorship Date Recipients Place of writing Occasion for writing Purpose Structure Message Unique characteristics 2 Peter Andy Woods Introductory Matters Authorship Date Recipients Place of writing Occasion for writing Purpose Structure Message Unique characteristics Authorship 1:1 1:13-14; 14; John 21:18-19 19 1:15-18;

More information

New Testament Basics. Hebrews and the General Epistles. NT109 LESSON 09 of 10. Introduction. I. Hebrews

New Testament Basics. Hebrews and the General Epistles. NT109 LESSON 09 of 10. Introduction. I. Hebrews New Testament Basics NT109 LESSON 09 of 10 Dr. Sid Buzzell Experience: Dean of Christian University GlobalNet Introduction In this lesson we will survey the book of Hebrews and the General Epistles. I.

More information

The General Epistles Hebrews, James, 1-2 Peter, John, Jude. Ross Arnold, Winter 2013 Lakeside institute of Theology

The General Epistles Hebrews, James, 1-2 Peter, John, Jude. Ross Arnold, Winter 2013 Lakeside institute of Theology The General Epistles Hebrews, James, 1-2 Peter, 1-2-3 John, Jude Ross Arnold, Winter 2013 Lakeside institute of Theology New Testament Survey (NT1) 1. Introduction to New Testament Theology 2. The Synoptic

More information

New Testament Survey The Book of Galatians

New Testament Survey The Book of Galatians The Book of I. Attestation and Authorship 1 A. Findlay is quoted as saying, No breath of suspicion as to the authorship, integrity, or apostolic authority of the Epistle to the has reached us from ancient

More information

Contents. 1: The Beginning of the Story 10. 3: Jesus and His Message 66. 4: Stories and Signs 86. 2: Jesus Birth and Early Years 46

Contents. 1: The Beginning of the Story 10. 3: Jesus and His Message 66. 4: Stories and Signs 86. 2: Jesus Birth and Early Years 46 1: The Beginning of the Story 10 From Jesus of Nazareth to early Christianity 11 A new faith 11 Opposition 16 Changing the world 16 The Greek heritage 17 Hellenism 17 Philosophy 19 Religion 21 Palestine

More information

2 PETER. Simon Peter is the stated author of this letter (1:1). This affirmation is

2 PETER. Simon Peter is the stated author of this letter (1:1). This affirmation is 1!" # $ % &'#( 2 2 PETER Author: Simon Peter is the stated author of this letter (1:1). This affirmation is supported by the text of the epistle by the following evidence: (1) the use of the first person

More information

From Dust to Destiny NT Epistles

From Dust to Destiny NT Epistles From Dust to Destiny NT Epistles THE AUTHOR Peter is one of the most interesting individuals of the NT. The gospels and Acts furnish much information concerning the life and character of this prominent

More information

All Scripture are from the NASB 95 Update unless noted. 1

All Scripture are from the NASB 95 Update unless noted. 1 NT Survey 1, 2, and 3 John Valley Bible Church Adult Sunday School www.valleybible.net Introduction to 1 John Author Leaders in the early church assumed that John the Apostle, author of The Gospel of John,

More information

Revelation: Contextual Decisions. Contextual Decisions. Historical Setting. Literary Setting. Contextual Decisions. Contextual Decisions

Revelation: Contextual Decisions. Contextual Decisions. Historical Setting. Literary Setting. Contextual Decisions. Contextual Decisions Revelation: Historical Setting Literary Setting I. Historical Setting: Date A. Internal Evidence Literary elements Babylon for Rome = post AD 70 mortal wound healed = Nero redivivus? numbered king sequence

More information

New Testament Survey #5

New Testament Survey #5 New Testament Survey #5 GENERAL EPISTLES The last eight letters of the New Testament received the name of the General Epistles because they were written for a general audience. They are also known as the

More information

The Nature and Formation of the New Testament

The Nature and Formation of the New Testament The Nature and Formation of the New Testament Recommended Reading: Paul Wegner, The Journey from Texts to Translations. The Origin and Development of the Bible. Grand Rapids: Baker, 2000. Geisler, Norman

More information

WHERE DID THE NEW TESTAMENT COME FROM?

WHERE DID THE NEW TESTAMENT COME FROM? WHERE DID THE NEW TESTAMENT COME FROM? The question of where the New Testament came from is an extremely important one. It is where we get our knowledge of who Jesus is, why he came, and why it should

More information

Gospel Tradition Literary Issues Jesus Tradition Mark/Matthew Luke-Acts John. John. John. John. 1. Authorship

Gospel Tradition Literary Issues Jesus Tradition Mark/Matthew Luke-Acts John. John. John. John. 1. Authorship Gospel Tradition Literary Issues Jesus Tradition Mark/Matthew Luke-Acts 1. Authorship A. External Evidence 1. Anonymous (no Gospel has a signature) 2. Irenaeus (180):, late, Ephesus 3. Eusebius (325):

More information

New Testament. Early Church Prison Epistles. Prison Epistles 1. Grouping. Prison Epistles. Pastorals. General 1. Gospel Tradition.

New Testament. Early Church Prison Epistles. Prison Epistles 1. Grouping. Prison Epistles. Pastorals. General 1. Gospel Tradition. New Testament Gospel Tradition Pauline Mission Early Church Literary Issues Acts 13 28 Jesus Tradition Literary Issues Pastorals Mark/Matthew Early Epistles General 1 Luke-Acts Corinthians General 2 John

More information

The Study of the New Testament

The Study of the New Testament The Bible Challenge The Study of the New Testament A Weekly Guide to the Study of the Bible The Rev. Charles L. Holt St. Peter s Episcopal Church, Lake Mary FL 2013 Study of the New Testament Preliminaries

More information

James Jude: Letters to Everyone in General NT227 & Johannine Epistles Lesson 02 of 03

James Jude: Letters to Everyone in General NT227 & Johannine Epistles Lesson 02 of 03 James Jude: Letters to Everyone in General & Johannine Epistles 2 Peter Jude: Little Letters with Big Messages NT227 Lesson 02 of 03 Listening Guide I. Introduction to 2 Peter and Jude A. Literary Relationships

More information

1 John. Surrounding Asian churches (possibly the 7 churches of Revelation 2-3)

1 John. Surrounding Asian churches (possibly the 7 churches of Revelation 2-3) 1 John Theme: Author: Recipients: Tests for Assurance Apostle John Surrounding Asian churches (possibly the 7 churches of Revelation 2-3) Date of Writing: A.D. 85-100 Place of Writing: Ephesus (?) Occasion:

More information

What Do You Know? An Introduction to 1 John

What Do You Know? An Introduction to 1 John What Do You Know? An Introduction to 1 John When I was in college, I got a job working for a lumber yard/home improvement store. I really don t remember why I applied there, because I knew nothing about

More information

Session 8. Those Early Believers

Session 8. Those Early Believers Session 8 Those Early Believers 6/5 BC 27 AD Matthew Mark Luke John 35-68 AD Acts Letters James Paul s Hebrews Peter s Jude s John s Revelation Church at the Beginning of Acts Church At the End of Acts

More information

Brief Contents. Section I: The Old Testament

Brief Contents. Section I: The Old Testament Brief Contents Section I: The Old Testament Part One: Formative Experiences (Chapters 1-4) 1: Introducing the Old Testament 14 2: The Founding of a Nation 38 3: New People in an Old Land 57 4: A King Like

More information

Revelation: Introductory. Robert C. Newman

Revelation: Introductory. Robert C. Newman Revelation: Introductory Robert C. Newman Authorship of Revelation Apostle John: the Traditional View Supported by most of our ancient sources Justin (c150) Fathers cited by Eusebius: Melito, Theophilus,

More information

NT 501: New Testament Survey Gordon-Conwell Theological Seminary Spring Semester 2011

NT 501: New Testament Survey Gordon-Conwell Theological Seminary Spring Semester 2011 NT 501: New Testament Survey Gordon-Conwell Theological Seminary Spring Semester 2011 Instructor: Joel White, Ph. D. Course Dates: February 2 nd April 27 th, 2011 Course Times: Wednesdays, 1:15 4:15 pm

More information

Abstracts of Powerpoint Talks - newmanlib.ibri.org - The Gospel of John. Robert C. Newman

Abstracts of Powerpoint Talks - newmanlib.ibri.org - The Gospel of John. Robert C. Newman The Gospel of John Robert C. Newman Recent Criticism of John! John is more strenuously questioned by liberals than are the Synoptics.! Many who are not liberal are influenced:! General public! Muslims!

More information

The Spiritual Gospel. The Gospel according to John NT 3009: Four Gospels One Jesus? Clement of Alexandria (c. 150 c.

The Spiritual Gospel. The Gospel according to John NT 3009: Four Gospels One Jesus? Clement of Alexandria (c. 150 c. The Spiritual Gospel Clement of Alexandria (c. 150 c. 215) wrote 190: John wrote a spiritual Gospel, divinely moved by the Holy Spirit, on observing that the things obvious to the senses had been clearly

More information

Looking In The Rearview As The Church Drives Forward. Lesson 2: Who s Your (Church) Daddy?

Looking In The Rearview As The Church Drives Forward. Lesson 2: Who s Your (Church) Daddy? Looking In The Rearview As The Church Drives Forward Lesson 2: Who s Your (Church) Daddy? Gregg Allison: The term orthodoxy refers to that which the New Testament calls sound doctrine (1 Tim 1:10; 2 Tim

More information

A History of Grace Theology

A History of Grace Theology A History of Grace Theology Session 3 February 27, 2011 2 Review of Key Points Dispensational Truth was revealed in the Old Testament The O.T. contains a prophetic timeline which describes end times events

More information

New Testament Survey The Book of Ephesians

New Testament Survey The Book of Ephesians The Book of I. Attestation and Authorship 1 A. Lewis writes, None of the epistles which are ascribed to St. Paul have a stronger chain of evidence to their early and continued use thant that which we know

More information

What stands out to you as you read the gospel of Mark, especially when you compare it to the other three Gospel accounts? Here are some things

What stands out to you as you read the gospel of Mark, especially when you compare it to the other three Gospel accounts? Here are some things Wheelersburg Baptist Church 1/21/09 Wednesday evening New Testament Survey Mark What stands out to you as you read the gospel of Mark, especially when you compare it to the other three Gospel accounts?

More information

Survey of the New Testament

Survey of the New Testament Survey of the New Testament What is the New Testament? #1. The New Testament is Literature A collection of 27 books Written by one divine author and approximately 9 human authors. In koine Greek, the common

More information

A GREAT PROPHET HAS ARISEN AMONG US (LUKE 7:16) TAKING ANOTHER LOOK. (1) How to read Luke AT LUKE S JESUS

A GREAT PROPHET HAS ARISEN AMONG US (LUKE 7:16) TAKING ANOTHER LOOK. (1) How to read Luke AT LUKE S JESUS A GREAT PROPHET HAS ARISEN AMONG US (LUKE 7:16) TAKING ANOTHER LOOK AT LUKE S JESUS (1) How to read Luke PROGRAMME 1. How to read Luke 2. Birth: Samuel and David (Luke 1-2) 3. Mission: Isaiah (Luke 4)

More information

Written by: Peter, the apostle of Jesus. Although the authorship of 2 Peter has been debated for centuries.

Written by: Peter, the apostle of Jesus. Although the authorship of 2 Peter has been debated for centuries. Lesson 21 Written by: Peter, the apostle of Jesus. Although the authorship of 2 Peter has been debated for centuries. Internal evidence for Peter s authorship: a) He signs his name. b) Testimony of the

More information

INTRODUCTORY MATTERS

INTRODUCTORY MATTERS S E S S I O N T W O INTRODUCTORY MATTERS Session Objectives: By the end of this session, the student should... 1) be able to explain and defend the general date of the Book of Hebrews 2) understand the

More information

Boyce College. Spring Semester, 2008 Monday 11:30 AM-2:15 PM Monday 6:30 PM-9:15 PM

Boyce College. Spring Semester, 2008 Monday 11:30 AM-2:15 PM Monday 6:30 PM-9:15 PM Syllabus, Page 1 BL 152 A, B NEW TESTAMENT SURVEY II Boyce College Spring Semester, 2008 Monday 11:30 AM-2:15 PM Monday 6:30 PM-9:15 PM Dave DeKlavon, Professor Office: Carver 207 Phone: Boyce (502) 897-4412

More information

Revelation 2: Stanly Community Church

Revelation 2: Stanly Community Church Any church that tolerates sin will eventually find itself at a spiritual crossroads. The path of repentance leads to a restored and productive ministry. However, to continue on the path of compromise eventually

More information

Prayer Before Studying Theology: Class #6: Martyrdom, Persecution and the Problem of Moral and Spiritual Failure

Prayer Before Studying Theology: Class #6: Martyrdom, Persecution and the Problem of Moral and Spiritual Failure Prayer Before Studying Theology: Dearest Lord, teach me to be generous; Teach me to serve you as you deserve; To give and not to count the cost, To fight and not to heed the wounds, To toil and not to

More information

Jesus: The Son of God, Our Glorious High Priest Hebrews 1 13: An Introduction and Overview What Do You Know About Hebrews?

Jesus: The Son of God, Our Glorious High Priest Hebrews 1 13: An Introduction and Overview What Do You Know About Hebrews? Jesus: The Son of God, Our Glorious High Priest Hebrews 1 13: An Introduction and Overview What Do You Know About Hebrews? What Do You Want to Know About Hebrews? Who Wrote Hebrews? 1 Paul? Clement of

More information

April 26, 2013 Persecutions, Heresies & the Book Lecture Lakeside Institute of Theology Ross Arnold, Spring 2013

April 26, 2013 Persecutions, Heresies & the Book Lecture Lakeside Institute of Theology Ross Arnold, Spring 2013 April 26, 2013 Persecutions, Heresies & the Book Lecture Lakeside Institute of Theology Ross Arnold, Spring 2013 Church History 1 (TH1) 1. Introduction to Church History 2. Apostles to Catholic Christianity

More information

Colossians (A Prison Epistle)

Colossians (A Prison Epistle) Colossians (A Prison Epistle) Theme: The Preeminence of Jesus Christ Author: The Apostle Paul (1:1) Bearer of the Letter: Tychicus and Onesimus (4:7-9) Written from: Rome Written to: The Church at Colosse

More information

The Book of Revelation Study Notes: 1

The Book of Revelation Study Notes: 1 The Book of Revelation Study Notes: 1 The Author of The Revelation The author was most likely the apostle John, the son of Zebedee, brother of James, and author of the gospel of John and three epistles.

More information

The Gospel of Mark Lesson 1 Introduction. Why study the second Gospel? 1) There is nothing better in this world than to know Jesus!

The Gospel of Mark Lesson 1 Introduction. Why study the second Gospel? 1) There is nothing better in this world than to know Jesus! Class Introduction The Gospel of Mark Lesson 1 Introduction Why study the second Gospel? 1) There is nothing better in this world than to know Jesus! 7 But whatever things were gain to me, those things

More information

PRINCIPLES IN SERVING GOD

PRINCIPLES IN SERVING GOD PRINCIPLES IN SERVING GOD NEW TESTAMENT THE CATHOLIC EPISTLES JAMES; PETER; 1, 2, JOHN 1,2,3 ; AND JUDE Introduction: Catholic Epistles: They were not written for a particular person or group, rather,

More information

Introduction to John Sermon Date: September 9 th, 2018

Introduction to John Sermon Date: September 9 th, 2018 Introduction to John Sermon Date: September 9 th, 2018 Reflections on Sunday s Sermon *Since our study notes are based on the text being preached on a given Sunday, the aim of this section is to provide

More information

2 JOHN THIS IS HOW WE KNOW SESSION 5 TABLE TALK. What have you learned thus far in our study that is new, inspiring, or challenging?

2 JOHN THIS IS HOW WE KNOW SESSION 5 TABLE TALK. What have you learned thus far in our study that is new, inspiring, or challenging? SESSION 5 THIS IS HOW WE KNOW TABLE TALK What have you learned thus far in our study that is new, inspiring, or challenging? How would you summarize the message of 1 John to someone who has never read

More information

"THE EPISTLE TO THE GALATIANS"

THE EPISTLE TO THE GALATIANS Introduction "THE EPISTLE TO THE GALATIANS" AUTHOR: The apostle Paul (1:1; 5:2). This was the unanimous view of the early church, and even those modern critics who challenge the authorship of many of the

More information

The EPISTLE of James. Title and Author

The EPISTLE of James. Title and Author The EPISTLE of James Title and Author The author of this letter identifies himself as James. Though several different people named James are mentioned in the NT church, it is almost certain that the author

More information

New Testament Survey

New Testament Survey New Testament Survey Unit 317 Foundations 3 Week 6 Session 1 General Epistles (John) Riverview Church July / August 2016 Page 1 of 11 A. The First Epistle of John This epistle was written by the apostle

More information

The Epistles of John

The Epistles of John The Epistles of John The goal of this Bible Class is to give the students a working knowledge of all three of the Epistles of John. It is based on an expository approach to teaching the Bible, with an

More information

e. One in Whom Believers are and.

e. One in Whom Believers are and. ABC Portraits of Jesus 4/17/19 A Portrait of Jesus by Paul in Colossians Colossians Overview a. Author b. Audience c. Date The Portrait of Jesus by Paul in Colossians 1. Images of Jesus in Colossians (Borchert,

More information

The Setting of 2 John and 3 John John Polhill

The Setting of 2 John and 3 John John Polhill The Setting of 2 John and 3 John John Polhill John Polhill is Senior Professor of New Testament Interpretation at The Southern Baptist Theological Seminary. Dr. Polhill has also studied at Harvard Divinity

More information

Notes on Matthew - page 1

Notes on Matthew - page 1 Notes on Matthew - page 1 NAME Technically the book is anonymous but attributed to Matthew, the former tax collector who followed Jesus and became one of His 12 disciples. Matthew is translated from the

More information

A Study of 1 John How Do You Know that You are REALLY Walking in the Light? By Doug Hamilton

A Study of 1 John How Do You Know that You are REALLY Walking in the Light? By Doug Hamilton The Introduction of 1John Authorship: External Evidence Of all the books of the NT, the letter of 1 John is the one with perhaps the greatest amount of evidence as to the authorship. The author is John

More information

Firm Foundations: Understanding and Defending the Christian Worldview.

Firm Foundations: Understanding and Defending the Christian Worldview. Firm Foundations: Understanding and Defending the Christian Worldview Email: Bcshaw@liberty.edu Moral Argument Brief review question No man in the sky intervened when I was a boy to deliver me from my

More information

How To Read, Study, and Understand The Bible

How To Read, Study, and Understand The Bible How To Read, Study, and Understand The Bible Theopneustos Delayed Parousia Pseudepigraphy Canon: The list of sacred books that serve as the rule of faith and life for the Christian church Canonization

More information

1 JOHN 1:1 1:1,4,14 2:5 14:23 2:6 15:4 2:8; 3:11 13:34 2:13,14 17:3 3:1 1:12 3:2 17:24 3:8 8:44 3:13 15:20 4:9 3:16 4:12 1:18 5:13 20:31 5:14 14:14

1 JOHN 1:1 1:1,4,14 2:5 14:23 2:6 15:4 2:8; 3:11 13:34 2:13,14 17:3 3:1 1:12 3:2 17:24 3:8 8:44 3:13 15:20 4:9 3:16 4:12 1:18 5:13 20:31 5:14 14:14 1 JOHN AUTHENTICITY Little need be said about the genuineness of the epistle of 1 John or the fact that John is the writer because of the canonicity of this epistle is abundant, reliable, and entirely

More information

The nstitute for atechesis and ormation

The nstitute for atechesis and ormation The nstitute for atechesis and ormation Course Outline for Instructors ICF 103 The New Testament God s covenant of love with the human person is fulfilled in the life, death and resurrection of His only

More information

1:17-23 IV. 1:24-25 AUTHORS AND WHEN THE BOOKS WERE WRITTEN-

1:17-23 IV. 1:24-25 AUTHORS AND WHEN THE BOOKS WERE WRITTEN- 2 PETER & JUDE (Student Edition) 2 Peter I. Cultivation of Christian Character 1 A. Salutation 1:1-2 B. Growth in Christ 1:3-14 C. Grounds of Belief 1:15-21 1. Experience of the Transfiguration 1:15-18

More information

The Book of Acts. Study Guide THE BACKGROUND OF ACTS LESSON ONE. The Book of Acts by Third Millennium Ministries

The Book of Acts. Study Guide THE BACKGROUND OF ACTS LESSON ONE. The Book of Acts by Third Millennium Ministries 1 Study Guide LESSON ONE THE BACKGROUND OF ACTS For videos, manuscripts, and other Lesson resources, 1: The Background visit Third Millennium of Acts Ministries at thirdmill.org. 2 CONTENTS HOW TO USE

More information

The Epistle of James

The Epistle of James 1 Study Guide LESSON ONE INTRODUCTION TO JAMES 2015 by Third Millennium Ministries www.thirdmill.org For videos, manuscripts, and other resources, visit Third Millennium Ministries at thirdmill.org. 2

More information

New Testament Survey: 1 Thessalonians to Hebrews

New Testament Survey: 1 Thessalonians to Hebrews New Testament Survey III Isaiah College of Ministry New Testament Survey: 1 Thessalonians to Hebrews Contents First Thessalonians... 3 Second Thessalonians... 4 First Timothy... 5 Second Timothy... 6 Titus...

More information

b. Only this gospel uses the name Matthew when Jesus called him to follow Him (Matt 9:9). Mark 2:14 and Luke 5:27-28 call him Levi.

b. Only this gospel uses the name Matthew when Jesus called him to follow Him (Matt 9:9). Mark 2:14 and Luke 5:27-28 call him Levi. 1. Matthew Trying to identify who wrote a gospel, whom it was written to, and why it was written can be challenging as these are not clearly stated. We can find satisfactory answers to these questions

More information

100 AD 313 AD UNIT 2: THE PERSECUTED CHURCH

100 AD 313 AD UNIT 2: THE PERSECUTED CHURCH 100 AD 313 AD UNIT 2: THE PERSECUTED CHURCH 1: THE IMPERIAL PERSECUTIONS Causes of Persecution Exclusive nature of Christianity Idol worship interwoven with Roman life Emperor worship Christianity separate

More information

STUDY QUESTIONS. 2. List the six periods of rule that cover the intertestament period, with dates. (12)

STUDY QUESTIONS. 2. List the six periods of rule that cover the intertestament period, with dates. (12) New Testament Survey John A. Battle, Th.D. Western Reformed Seminary (www.wrs.edu) STUDY QUESTIONS Midterm Exam 1. What are the dates for the intertestament period? (2) 2. List the six periods of rule

More information

Grace to You :: Unleashing God's Truth, One Verse at a Time. Hebrews Scripture: Hebrews Code: MSB58. Title

Grace to You :: Unleashing God's Truth, One Verse at a Time. Hebrews Scripture: Hebrews Code: MSB58. Title Grace to You :: Unleashing God's Truth, One Verse at a Time Hebrews Scripture: Hebrews Code: MSB58 Title When the various NT books were formally brought together into one collection shortly after A.D.

More information

PURPOSESTATEMENTSfurBOOKSofilieNEW TESTAMENT

PURPOSESTATEMENTSfurBOOKSofilieNEW TESTAMENT PURPOSESTATEMENTSfurBOOKSofilieNEW TESTAMENT BOOK: Matthew AUTHOR: Matthew (Levi- Jewish Tax Collector) DATE: late 50's- 60's Written From: Syria Antioch PURPOSE STATEMENT: Matthew proclaims the words

More information

JOURNEYS THROUGH THE BIBLE

JOURNEYS THROUGH THE BIBLE JOURNEYS THROUGH THE BIBLE #7. THE ACTS OF THE APOSTLES 1. THE ACTS OF THE APOSTLES is the name given to the second New Testament book written by Luke for Theophilus (Luke 1:3). Though some contend the

More information

LAST GENERATION VERSION

LAST GENERATION VERSION LAST GENERATION VERSION Order of New Testament Books By Tim Warner www.4windsfellowships.net T he books of the New Testament were not only written and/or authorized by Jesus own Apostles, but their number

More information

3: The Gospel. The Gospels. Study Guide THE GOSPEL ACCORDING LESSON THREE TO MARK by Third Millennium Ministries

3: The Gospel. The Gospels. Study Guide THE GOSPEL ACCORDING LESSON THREE TO MARK by Third Millennium Ministries 1 Study Guide LESSON THREE THE GOSPEL ACCORDING TO MARK For videos, manuscripts, and Lesson other resources, 3: The Gospel visit According Third Millennium to Mark Ministries at thirdmill.org. 2 CONTENTS

More information

CHRISTIANITY WITHOUT THE RELIGION BIBLE SURVEY. The Un-devotional 1 PETER & 1,2,3 JOHN. Week 2

CHRISTIANITY WITHOUT THE RELIGION BIBLE SURVEY. The Un-devotional 1 PETER & 1,2,3 JOHN. Week 2 CHRISTIANITY WITHOUT THE RELIGION BIBLE SURVEY The Un-devotional 1 PETER & 1,2,3 JOHN Week 2 Day 8 Difficult Passages 1 Peter 3:18-22 Are you baptized? If so, what did it mean to you at the time? And now?

More information

Book of Revelation Explained

Book of Revelation Explained Book of Revelation Explained Title: Unlike most books of the Bible, Revelation contains its own title: "The Revelation of Jesus Christ" (1:1). "Revelation" (Greek Apokalupsis) means "an uncovering", "an

More information

In the Beginning: Critical Concepts for the Study of the Bible J. W. Aageson First Published 2000 Westview Press Republished 2018 Routledge Press

In the Beginning: Critical Concepts for the Study of the Bible J. W. Aageson First Published 2000 Westview Press Republished 2018 Routledge Press The Menu Questions for Study and Reflection (Select those that are most interesting and helpful to you) 1. Introduction 2. Preliminary Considerations 3. The New Testament Gospels in Preview 4. Mark s Narrative

More information

CLARE PRIORY CHRISTMAS 2016 THE PROLOGUE

CLARE PRIORY CHRISTMAS 2016 THE PROLOGUE CLARE PRIORY CHRISTMAS 2016 THE PROLOGUE PROGRAMME Introduction to John The history of the Prologue John the Baptist Background in Wisdom and Philosophy Commentary I Commentary II SEQUENCE Your experience

More information

Important Dates in Early Christianity

Important Dates in Early Christianity Important Dates in Early Christianity Given the recent interest in the Da Vinci Code and similar works detailing a supposed conspiracy by the Roman Catholic Church to suppress certain accounts of Jesus'

More information

RELI 212: Religion and Literature of the New Testament. December 4, 2014

RELI 212: Religion and Literature of the New Testament. December 4, 2014 The Letter of Jude 2 RELI 212: Religion and Literature of the New Testament December 4, 2014 Short, polemical, using Greek words found nowhere else in the New Testament and referencing lost and/or apocryphal

More information

Investigating the Word of God. First Peter. Gene Taylor. Gene Taylor, All Rights Reserved.

Investigating the Word of God. First Peter. Gene Taylor. Gene Taylor, All Rights Reserved. Investigating the Word of God First Peter. Gene Taylor Gene Taylor, 2006. All Rights Reserved. An Introduction to First Peter The Author of the Book From the most ancient times the church has assigned

More information

Introduction to the Epistles

Introduction to the Epistles Introduction to the Epistles Characteristics 1) They explain and interpret what the Gospels report about Jesus death and resurrection. 2) They give the full and complete teaching about the church that

More information

The Story (27) Paul's Final Days By Ashby Camp

The Story (27) Paul's Final Days By Ashby Camp The Story (27) Paul's Final Days By Ashby Camp 11/16/14 Copyright 2015 by Ashby L. Camp. All rights reserved. I. Introduction A. Three weeks ago, we looked at Paul's conversion and his ministry through

More information

CHAPTER 3 1 PETER. Especially to Ephesians (household duties) and Romans (civil magistrate)

CHAPTER 3 1 PETER. Especially to Ephesians (household duties) and Romans (civil magistrate) #217 General Epistles Western Reformed Seminary (www.wrs.edu) John A. Battle, Th.D. CHAPTER 3 1 PETER Introduction to 1 Peter Author of 1 Peter 1:1, Peter the apostle Cf. 2 Pet 3:1, which refers to the

More information

Foxe s Book of Martyrs The First Persecution, Under Nero, A.D. 67 The Second Persecution, Under Domitian, A.D. 81 The Third Persecution, Under

Foxe s Book of Martyrs The First Persecution, Under Nero, A.D. 67 The Second Persecution, Under Domitian, A.D. 81 The Third Persecution, Under Foxe s Book of Martyrs The First Persecution, Under Nero, A.D. 67 The Second Persecution, Under Domitian, A.D. 81 The Third Persecution, Under Trajan, A.D. 108 The Fourth Persecution, Under Marcus Aurelius

More information

An Overview Of The Bible Colossians

An Overview Of The Bible Colossians An Overview Of The Bible Colossians I. Introduction A. Colossians stands in the same relation to Ephesians as Galatians does to Romans. The special characteristic in both Colossians and Galatians is correction

More information

Historicity of the Scriptures RELIABILITY AND VALIDITY OF THE SACRED TEXTS

Historicity of the Scriptures RELIABILITY AND VALIDITY OF THE SACRED TEXTS Historicity of the Scriptures RELIABILITY AND VALIDITY OF THE SACRED TEXTS Jun 21, 2015 Introduction, Context, and Method The New Testament - Gospels Bibliographical Tests External Tests Internal Tests

More information

1 PETER (Student Edition) Part One: The Salvation of the Believer (1:1--2:12) Part Two: The Submission of the Believer (2:13--3:12)

1 PETER (Student Edition) Part One: The Salvation of the Believer (1:1--2:12) Part Two: The Submission of the Believer (2:13--3:12) 1 PETER (Student Edition) Part One: The Salvation of the Believer (1:1--2:12) I. Salutation 1:1-2 II. Salvation of the Believer 1:3-12 A. Hope for the Future 1:3-4 B. Trials for the Present 1:5-9 C. Anticipation

More information

Titus, Philemon & Jude CLASS PRESENTATION 19

Titus, Philemon & Jude CLASS PRESENTATION 19 Titus, Philemon & Jude CLASS PRESENTATION 19 TITUS INTRODUCTION: Saint Paul s Letter to Titus is the 17th of the New Testament. Is the third of the Pastoral Epistles in the New Testament is addressed to

More information

In the west, the Feast of St. John, Apostle and Evangelist, is observed on December 27 th.

In the west, the Feast of St. John, Apostle and Evangelist, is observed on December 27 th. Page 1 Author: St. John, Apostle and Evangelist Unlike most Epistles, the author is not identified in the Epistle itself (although the title is ancient). Early testimony to St. John s authorship is unanimous:

More information

Notes on Jude - page 1

Notes on Jude - page 1 Notes on Jude - page 1 NAME The title of the epistle, Iouda (Iouda), is derived from the name of the attributive author, Jude. AUTHOR The writer of the epistle identifies himself as Jude, a bond-servant

More information

2 John. The elect lady and her children (v. 1). Probably a local church in Asia Minor. Date of Writing: A.D Place of Writing: Ephesus (?

2 John. The elect lady and her children (v. 1). Probably a local church in Asia Minor. Date of Writing: A.D Place of Writing: Ephesus (? 2 John Theme: Author: Recipients: Truth and Love Apostle John The elect lady and her children (v. 1). Probably a local church in Asia Minor Date of Writing: A.D. 85-100 Place of Writing: Ephesus (?) Occasion:

More information

CHAPTER 2 JUDE. As James, not a believer at first, but by Pentecost (John 7:5; Acts 1:14)

CHAPTER 2 JUDE. As James, not a believer at first, but by Pentecost (John 7:5; Acts 1:14) #217 General Epistles Western Reformed Seminary (www.wrs.edu) John A. Battle, Th.D. CHAPTER 2 JUDE Authorship and date of Jude v. 1, Jude, servant of Jesus Christ, brother of James Greek >Iou/dav Ioudas,

More information

From Jerusalem to Rome

From Jerusalem to Rome From Jerusalem to Rome An historical narrative of the early church providing historical, theological and practice insights into the ekklesia established by the Apostles. It is not comprehensive focusing

More information

Chapter Ten. John s Final Canonization of the New Testament

Chapter Ten. John s Final Canonization of the New Testament Chapter Ten (From The Holy Bible In Its Original Order A New English Translation A Faithful Version with Commentary) John s Final Canonization of the New Testament While historians such as Josephus wrote

More information

Investigating the Word of God. Second John. Gene Taylor. Gene Taylor, All Rights Reserved.

Investigating the Word of God. Second John. Gene Taylor. Gene Taylor, All Rights Reserved. Investigating the Word of God Second John Gene Taylor Gene Taylor, 2006. All Rights Reserved. An Introduction to Second John The Author of the Book Although the author does not identify himself by name,

More information

A Study of 1 & 2 Thessalonians Lesson 1- "THE FIRST EPISTLE TO THE THESSALONIANS" AUTHOR: The apostle Paul, joined in his salutation by Silvanus and

A Study of 1 & 2 Thessalonians Lesson 1- THE FIRST EPISTLE TO THE THESSALONIANS AUTHOR: The apostle Paul, joined in his salutation by Silvanus and A Study of 1 & 2 Thessalonians Lesson 1- "THE FIRST EPISTLE TO THE THESSALONIANS" AUTHOR: The apostle Paul, joined in his salutation by Silvanus and Timothy (1:1), and with specific mention of his name

More information

New Testament Survey. 20s and 30s

New Testament Survey. 20s and 30s New Testament Survey 20s and 30s Paul: The Man And His Theology Why Paul?! Nor can I think of any other writer, ancient or modern, whose study is so richly rewarding as his. This is due to several aspects

More information

The Historical Reliability of the Gospels An Important Apologetic for Christianity

The Historical Reliability of the Gospels An Important Apologetic for Christianity The Historical Reliability of the Gospels An Important Apologetic for Christianity Dr. Zukeran provides a succinct argument for the reliability of our current copies of the four gospels. This data is an

More information