THE 84TH ANNUAL REPORT FOR THE YEAR 1950 DUMKA PUBLISHED BY THE SANTA.L MISSION OF THE NORTHERN CHURCHES. PUINTED AT TH1i: MISSION PRESS, BENAGARIA..

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1 THE 84TH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE SANTAL MISSION OF THE NORTHERN CHURCHES FOR THE YEAR 1950 Bdl1 5. S l ~;so DUMKA PUBLISHED BY THE SANTA.L MISSION OF THE NORTHERN CHURCHES PUINTED AT TH1i: MISSION PRESS, BENAGARIA YaJe Divinity Ubrary For prt'vate drculation. New Haven, Cann.

2 ~he.. EIGHTY-FOURTH }ANNUAL REPORT OF THE S ANTAL MlSSION NORTHERN CHURCHES (~l'he INDIAN BOME MISSION TO THE SAN'l'ALS) FOR.THE YEAR 1950.,DUMKA PUBLISHED BY THE SANTAL MISSlON OF THE NORTHERN CHUltCBII ~ frjnt,d AT THE.MISSION PUSS, BElI"-&.A.R14. ~l~51, Yale Divinity Library New Haven, Conn.

3 THE SANTAL MISSION OF THE NORTHERN CHURCHES REV. B. A. HELLAND, DU?t1KA, SANTAL PARGANAS, INDIA. ~nt5tcc.5 Rlllv. R. ROSENLUND) Rl!:v. J. GAUSDAL, REV. B. A. HELLAND, Reotor H. HOlW, ESQR. RlIlv. DR. TREOL. M. HANSEN, REV. PROfESSOR A. HEr;I!AND, Kael'abani, Santal Pal'ganas, INDIA Benagaria, S. P., INDIA. Dumka, Santal Parganas, INDIA Slemdal, Oslo, NORWAY. Copenhagen, DENMARK. Minneapolis, MINN., U. S. A. F"om.A..mer-iaa.: AXELSON, MlSS ALICE, (Nov. 1946), on furl. BAGGER, REV. & MRS. V. (Dec & J uue 1926), Saldoha. BJERK.ESTRAND, REV. & MRS. O. S. (April 1925), MornaL GJERDE, MISS HILMA, (Jan. 1946). Benagaria. HAGEN, REV. DR. & MRS. KR. (Oct. 1946), Benagaria, Mohulpahari. HELLAND, REV. & MRS. B. A. (Oct. 1926), Dumka. Nielsen, M.iss Muriel (Nov. 1950) Gaorang. PEDERSEN, DR. Miss D. (Oot. 1931), Santipara/Sevapul'. RIBER, REV. 8& MRS. H. (Oct. 19~7), Kaerabani. lrom Denmark: Bogb. Dr. & Mrs. B. B. EIE, REV. & MRS. O. HOILUND, DR. ELSE, ~OLTEN,'M1SS JENSEN, GUDRUN, MR. & MRS. Aage. JOHANSEN, SOJ,vEfG MISS Kuu'p, REV. & MRS. H. p, H. (Nov. 1950) Sevapur. (Oct. 1920), Mornai. (Nov. 1946), Nimasal'ai. (Dec. 1927), Haripur. (Dec. 19::1.7), Dhol'ompur. (Dee. 1947), Sevapur. (Nov &; Mar 1918), on furz.

4 .o. 111 ltrogh, RE'\-. & MRS. THOFT. Kn.oHN, Miss ELISABETH, LAURSEN, Mlss ELLEN. LOWE, MISS ERIKA, NIEI,SEN, MISS KROGH, INGEl{. PETERSBN, MR. KURT. PETERSEN, MISS LILLY. ROHMER, MISS HELleNE, ROSENLUND, REV. & MR.s. R. SINDAL, MISS KA.REN, (Jan. 1947) Bong~igaon~ (Oct. 1933), Hl\raputa. (J an. 1947) N arainpur._ (Nov. 1924), Koroya. (Ma.r. 194:6), Nara.inpur. (Nov. 1949) Mornai. (Dec. 1941), Nara.inpur (Nov. 1950) Sevapur. (Febr. 1910), Kaerabani. (Feb. 19l~), on furl. From Not'way,- AUSTAD, Miss BORGNY, BUT' EDAHL, MISS MAGNHILD, CLAUSEN, MISS GUNVOR, DORDAL, REV, & MRS. O. FOSSLAND, REV. & MI~s. G. }'ISKE, MISS ASBJORG. GAUSDAL, REV. & MRS. J. GLAD, REV. & 1\IRS. W GULBRANDSEN, MISS E. (Apr. 1946), on ju,tl. (Dec. 1927), on f1t1 l. (Nov. 1948) Benagaria. (Nov. 1950) Benagaria. (Nov. 1937), Santipara. (Oct. 1947), Sevapur (Nov & Jan. 19H!), Benagaria. (Nov. 1931), Benagaria. (Nov. 1946), Harap~ta. HALTEN, MISS ANDREA. (Oct. 1947), Gaorang. HALVORSRUD, REV. & MRS. H. (Oct & Nov. 1937), G8.0rang. HANNEVIK, MISS MARGIT. Haugstad, Rev, & Mrs. (Jan. 1947), Saldoha. M. (NClv. 1949), Sewapur. HOYLAND, REV. & MRS. 1. (Jan. 1947), Grahampur. JOHANSEN, REV. &. MRS. S. KrpP8NEsS, REV; & MRS. H. (Nov. 1935), Gl'ahampur. (Nov. 1937), Rajadighi. KJOLBERG, REV. & MRS. P. (March 19~7), Benagaria. KLEVKN, MISS INGEBORG, KVA1II, MR. & MRS. H. "",LANDE, REV. & MRS. P. L. :.-, MALTER-UD, MISS E. \ ;:;MILDE, MISS HU.DtlR. ~NESSET, MISS SOFIE, NORDBY, MISS BETzt,... PEDERSEN, REV. & MRS. ~ (Nov. 19~8) Saldoha. (Nov. 1946), Hor. (Apr. 194,6), Suri. (Apr. 1946), on ju1'z. (Oot. 1923), Dumka. (March 1932), on f1.wl (Nov. 1946), Eklakhi. P. a. (Jan & Nov. 19~5) Basetkulldi.

5 iv~. REIM, Miss RAGNHILD, RlNGRE!!!, MISS KARl, SIGURDSBN, MISS EDLE. SOMMING, Miss SOLVEIG, STRolisTAD, ;REV. & MRS. A. E. STURE, MR. & MRS.. J EN.s. TORKILDSEN, MR~ & MRS. K. WESTBORG, REV. & MRS. D. (Nov. 1946). Maha1'O. (Nov. 1946), Koroya. (Nov. 1934), Mabaro. (Feb. 1933), Gaorang. (Nov. 1934), Chondorpura. (Nov. 1946), Joema. (Oct. 1917), Dumka. (Jar ) Parkijuli. Tlte Bwedz'8h' Oooc'k' Be hat Mi88i'On: PmLQUIST, MISS ELSE. JOH.lNSON, MISS AMY. WliTANDER, MISS ADA. (Dec. 1938), Coach Behar. (1946), on furl. (Nov. 1947), Cooch Beha.r. AMERICAN BOARD FOR THE SANTAL MISSION 401 Oedar Ave., Minneapolis 4, 1I1inn, U. 8. A. Officers President: REV. ODD GORNITZKA. Vice'P1'esident: REV. J. M. GIRTZ. Secretary and Treasurer: REV. M. C. DIXEN. EXECUTiVE C01vBUTTEE REV. O. GORNITZKA. DR. S. ANDERSEN. MR. A. B. BATALDEN. REV F Dl~. LUND. C..M W t;swig Alterna.tes REV. J..M GJRTZ DR JOHN STIl:NSVAAG. MEMBERS HONORARY BOARD M,}j;Nl BERS DR. SILAS A'NDERSIl:N REV. NILS KLUNGTVIl:DT REV. J. 0 AABIl:RG Mr. A. B. BATALDEN REV. F. O. LUND. PROF. ANDREAS REV. Rr:;.coLPH BURKE. REV. P. L. MaRK REV. J. 0 BLANESS MRS. ERNEST ~IELSEN REV. J. M. GIRTZ REV. M. E. SL1!:TTA REV. O. GORNITZKA REV. C. A. STUB MR C. P. HEIDE DR. JOHN STENSVAAG DR. C. M. WESWlG HELLAND. publication: " :l'he SANT.A.L MISSIONARY 11

6 P1'e,ident: Vice P1'B&ideut ': 401 Cedar Ave, Minneapolis 4, }'Iinn, U. S. A. REv: ODD GORNITZKA REV.J. C. AABERG. Se~ta;ry' and 2',;easurer: HEY.. C. DIXEN. Memben - REv. J. O. BLANES DR. SILAS ANDJt:nSEN MR. A. B. BATALDEN REV. J. O. BLANESS REv. RUDOLPH C. BURKE Rl!:v. J. M. GIBTZ REV. ODD GORNITZKA REV. JOHN E. GRONL[ MR. C. P. HEIDB' REvr NILSKLUNGTVEDT M.RS: ERNEST D. NIELSEti DR. C. M. WESWTG PROF. ANDREAS HELLAND REV. P. L. MORK MISS RUTH SKOVHOLT Publicatoo' ': "'THE SANTAL MISSIONARY'"

7 DANISH BOARt) FOR.riE SANTAL MISSION Amaliegade?U.3, Oopenhagen, Denmark. President: REY. VILH. DlCKMEISS, Copenhagen. Vice-president: RllY, GUDMUND SCHIOLER, Tollose. Secretary: REV. A. THORMANN, Amaliegade 41.3, Copenhag~n. T,'easU'rer: MR. F. R, FOLMAR, Christiansborggade 1, Copenhagen Members - REV. VAGN BJERGVED Rl<:v. H. DONS CHRISTENSEN. HANS MUXCK, ESQ. REV. NIELS PETERSEN. MRS. THUESEN REV. H. WINDING. THE NORWEGIAN HOME BOARD FOR THE SANTAL MISSION Ho7bergs (Jate 23, Oslo, N01'way. Pre6ident REKTOR HANS. HOEG. Vice President: REV. WILLIAM SCHUBELER, Sec1'etary: REV. ERNST HALLEN, HOLBRRGSGT. ~3, OSLO Treasurer: MR. GUNNAR. FJELDSTAD, HOLBERGS GATE 23, OSLO. Membe1's - REKTOR RAN8~. HOEG MR. ARNE. GrMNES,: MR. KARE' DAHLE, REV. ORNULF HENRIKSEN, MISS,SIGRID LOKEN, Rmv. JOHN ROSTAD, REV. ERIK. SUNDBY, REV. ERNST Mrss WILHELMINE OLSEN; REV. WILLIAM SCHUBELEBf REV. ELtING' OLBERG, R ALLEN; F U bestar av: REKTOR HANS HOEG, MR. Amu: GIM;NES, REV. ERNstr HALLEN. Publications.: "SANTALEN" "SANTAL MISONENS BARNEBLAD;t

8 4 VI.' K vinntiga Missions ArbetBre. Biger Ja'rlsgatan 67, Stockholm. Sec'l'etary; MISS MOLLY DAHLBERG. INDIAN PASTORS IN ACTIVE SERVICE. Under the Santal Parganas Church Council : Tikl1- Murmu 1924, Oirapathor (Katikuncl P. 0.) Khudi~ M~rl).<;li 1931, (l!,fohulpahari P.O.) K~ln Kisku 19H1, Chondorpura (Katikund P.O.) Johon HasdaR: 1933, Koroya (Durnka P.O.) Mongol Ilembrom 1933, Tatb.lndha (Benaga1'ia P.O.) Karan Soren 1931" Saldoha L. C. (Mohulpaha1'i P.O.) Naran SgrQD 1934, Sapadoha (Benagaria P.O.) Bhikulal Hasdai 1937, Tilabani (Asanbani P.O.) Ch~ku Tu<;lu 1937, Ra.oga, (Arn1'apara P.O.) Mansin Tu<;ln 1937, Tarni (Palcu'ria P. 0.) Simon Baske 1938, Dum (Dwnlca P. 0.) Bhogon Murmu 1938, H~ripnr ~Pakuria P.O.) Johon Mnrmu, 1939, Babhondia (Garsa?'a PO.) Bajun Murmu, 1939, Dhorompur (Kurnmbad P.O.) Sibram M~rl).<;li 1939, Basetknndi (Maheshpur P.O.)" Joseph HasdaY: 19-10, Domkllta, (Kaembani P. 0.) Suphol Hembrom 19:U, (Kaerabani P.O.) Johon Jujhar Soren 1941, Bandorjuri (Durnka P.O.) Munshi Helll.brom 1911, (Na1'ainpur P.O.) Birbhnm. Cnnn Murmn 1943, MSijdiha (Katikun,d P.O.) Peter Mnrmu 19~3, (Itor P. 0.) MUfshidabad. Mongol Besra 1946, Jambua (Ga1'sa1;a P.o.) O'haitan Soren 19.t7, Mahara, (Du1Jtka P. 0.) Bhiku Tu~u, 1948, Ch~ndpur; (Paluria p. 0.)

9 vii Abraham Murmu, 1918, (Benagaria p, O) Salhae Ml)rn(ji, 1948, Musnia ( Benagaria P.O.) Under the North Bengal Ohurch Council. Jalpa S(ren 1901, NB.l'ayanpur, (Teor, PO.) W Dinajpur Mongol Kisku 1930, Rautnagal' (Ranisanlchail P.O.) Budhl'~i HasdaK 1937, Badhar, (Talawlct P.O.) Jonas HasdaK, 1944, Rajadighi (Bol'gachi P. ~O.) Mnnshi MUl'mu 19-1,7, Phol'idpur. (Habra, P.O.) E. Dt'na}puT Jaeram Hasdai 1947, Khoribari (Anaillcamat P. 0.) Under the Assam Church Council: Lokhon Hembrom 1930, Bilanpur (Dingdinga p, 0.) Kanhu Tu~u 1939, Haraputa, (Gosaegaon PO.) Nimb~i Murmu 1941, Santipal'aL. C. (Bongaegaon P.O.) Ruben Murmu 194~, Ransupur (Dl,ngdinga P.O.) J~tu MUl'IDU 1942, Mornai (Dingdinga P.O.) James Hopna Soren 19 t2, Grahampur, (Dingdinga P.O.) R~tu M~rn~i 1944, Kolabari (8erphanguri p, 0.) Rirmath M~rngi 19M, Hingaon (Udalguri P. 0.) Catur Soren 1948, Dobragaon, (Haltugaon P. 0) Choto Sun~ Soren, 1948, Joema, (Gosaega{)'i1, PO.) Goalpa? a. Under the Boro Church Council : Oliohol'on Boro 1932, Bongaegaon (Bongaegaon P.O.) Tal'ini Iswary 1942, Patgaon (Haltugaon P.O.) Maguram Moshahari 1945, Parkijuli (Menolca P. 0.1 U pendro Moshahari 1945, Goladangi (Gossaingaon P. OJ Malsing Moshahari 1947, B ongaegaon (B:;ngaegaon p. O..) Under the Bengal Church Council: Maharaj Bhandari' 1937, Nimasarai (Old MaZda, P. O. MaZda) John Jotadbari D.~8 1940, Nalhati ',Nalhati P.O.)

10 ,-.viii John Anondo: Roy 1941,' M-ission (Ooock Bekar P.O.) Daniel Jha,,:1944, ', Mohnlpahari (Mokulpahri >P. V.) Haraknath Pramanik 19-tt (Ingrazi Baza1' H. 0.) MaZda Knmnd Ranja.n Ghos~, 1946, Mission Honse, ~Su'l"i, :P.. 0.).Birbhum

11 THE EIGHTY- FOURTH ANNUAL REPORT FOR THE YEAR Secreta?'!!' A1lJltlaZ Report for "1'hol6 crownest the!leal' with Thy good/zess" Psalm 65; 11. In a year tha.t has seen earthqua.ke, flood, famine, and misery in many parts of our country. we still look to God at the close of the year and give unto Him a full measure of our faith, a faith that triumphs over the vicissitudes of life and keeps our eyes fastened upon the ultimate goal, the coming of the Kingdom of God among men. We pray with a sincere heart the prayer our Lord Jesus taught us: "Thy Kingdom come. Thy will be done, on earth as it is in heaven" The year 1950 will go down in the history of the San tal Mission as the historic year of the ratification of the Oonstitu Hon of the Ohurch. It sa w the culmination of over fifteen years of e:ffort to form a Constitution, and though there may come necessary amendments, still it is a great step forward, a solidifying of the foundations of the Ohurch. During the course of the year the implementation of the Oonstitution has been so far completed that most of the structure of the hierarchy, from the Oongregation Oouncils, through the Oircle Oonferences, through the District Oouncils, to the Synod, has been erected, and 1951 will see the permanent election of the General Superintendent. I shall not say more about this phase of our work here, as that will come in the report of the General Su:perintend~nt,

12 ! THE SANTAL MISS~ON OF THE NORTHERN CHURCHES. The year has seen some difficulty in our fields in Assam and MaIda. during the disturbances of last spring. Fortunately, it could be reported from both places that our Christians remained aloof from the disturbing elements and followed the paths of peace, whieh is the worthy duty of a Christian. Otherwise we have had peaceful working conditions. The year has brought optimistic repol'ts of progress in evangelism, especially from the Bol'o field and Joema in Assam, as well as in somewhat lesser degree from several places in the Santal Parganas. May God continue to bless these souls. as they are added to the flock of Christ's followers. When we hear that over three hundred people in one locality a.re asking for instruction for baptism, we realize what a responsibility and task we have in teaching so many to become true followers of J esuschrist. The evengelistic work has been spurred on by Bible Courses in several places, similiar to those in J oema and Benagaria for the men, and in Dumka for the women. 1vfany more could be mentioned, also among the Boros and the Bengalis, whtre frequent courses have been conducted. This work is growing, both for men and women, and it is no doubt one of the most valuable parts of our work. No doubt such courses will soon become a regular part of the prog:ram of every station. In order that the church may remain and grow we require constantly improving Bible knowledge among our people. Again this year the women's Conventions have been a strong feature of our evangelistic work. At one of the Conventions 485 people were counted on the women's side alone during the Sunday morning service. Many had com s many miles to attend the three-day convention. Here too, with constant emphasis on evangelism, w~ c~n re~ch. ~ large number of Christi~n :ijomesf

13 EIGHTY-FOURTH ANNUAL REPORT. Special Sunday Schoo] Days and Young People's Days have brought out a good response. Here too is a chance for expansion. What has been found good in one place could well be tried in other places, Our confirma. tion classes are doing their work. but we must continue our spiritual appeal to the young people beyond confirmation age in every way we can possibly reach and teach them. But undergirding it all is the day to day work of the pastors, the Biblewomen, the evangelists, the teachers in the villages. Here is the work which needs more of our time and. energy, more of our planning, more of our prayers. So many of us are loaded down with administrative duties that we do not find time to supervise and encourage this day to day work as much as we would like to do. May' God give us grace to give mora of our time to helping our fellow-workers in the field. Through the various organisations of our church, but especially through the Circle Conferences, a deeper understanding of the responsibility for evangelization must come to our people. The old system of "hapramkoak' kulhi durup'" seems gradually to be diminishing, in favor of the church baisi elected by the people and responsible to the people. Formerly, missionpaid workers were assigned the greater part of all evangelistic work. The day is approaching when of necessity this will be more the voluntary work of the congregations. Therefore the Bible instruction of our lay people becomes more and mora important. The literary work of our mission merits mentio n here, During the year initial steps have been taken to procure a new press and a new supply of type to facilitate the work. We were happy when we got the news from Glad that the new edition of the New Testament was finished, early in the year, and that the new Hymnbook in Santali will soon be off the press. Gausdal,has been busy with this t while Rosenlund has continued his pro.. duction of ma.nuscripts in the various subjects for- theo~

14 ~. THE SANTAL MISsioN OF THE NORTHERN CHURCHES. ( but we hope to see it more frequently in the new logica.l training. "Pera Hor" has completed its twenty ninth year, and now it has received a "junior partner" in the new publication "Johar Gate", a paper for children, edited by Miss Milde under the auspices of the Santal Christian Council. This year it has appeared as a quarte.rly~ year. It fills a longfelt need for somthing for the children. The need of children and young people is also 'peillg met by the publication of some smaller books, of which the first. "The Life of Joseph" has already appeared. In addition to these printed materials, a periodical produced by duplicater under the auspices of the Christian Home Movement and called "'The Light of the Home" is reaching out to enlighten many of our village women. Miss Milde deserves thanks for these ~ffo rts. We are happy to hear of the progress being made iii the Boro field in producing textbooks for the 8choola. Mrs. Thoft Krogh has put in much work to give these very necessary books to the Boros., I cannot take time to review the whole educational :field. It is evident that there is progress. Lower Primary Schools have been raised to Upper Primary Schools in several places. Seen there will be need to raise some of :our older Upper Primary Schools to Middle Schools, as,the demand for education increases, and as the cost of s,~nding children far a way to boarding schools becomes more and more excessive. For all these expansions we shall have to look to Gov'ernment for financial aidespecially ~s the new law demands free primary education for all. And right here I want to express our gratitude to the governments of Bihar, Bengal and Assam for their generous help in the past year, both toward our educational and our medical work. The problem of the cost of higher education faces us. The mililsion will hardly be able to increase its tota.l budget f\)t educational work in any near future. 'The <luestion CQuid bea.r much thinking a.nd plt\nning.

15 EIGHTY-FOURTH ANNUAL REPORT. The problem is one of finance. With the mission unable to pay its workers a salary sufficient to permit them to keep their children in boarding schools even now, any increase in the cost of education would gradually exclude the children of our workers. The question arises, where shall we place our greater emphasis? We are happy that the new year will see a group of young trained evangelists coming out of our Divinity School. We could need more of their type. There is work everywhere, if we only had the means to support the workers. The new year will see the Divinity School move back to Benagaria, where larger quarters should give greater convenience for the work. The healing of the sick through the ministrations of our Lord Jesus was the topic for several Sunday texts the latter part of the year. Our Christian Church gives it a large place in its program of work. We are happy to see that year by year we are able to reach more and more people with help for the numerous diseases of the villages. Our many dispensaries are <ioing a fine service among those who cannot easily reach any hospital. I have travelled through large villages where absolutely every home has received medical help from a dispensary located in one room at the end of the missionary's bungalow. One place we had to delay our meeting while the missionary took care of 35 cases which had come flocking to the missionary in one morning. Our dispensaries are an indispensable service to the people. The near future will see the opening of Mohulpahari Hospita]. which will be another step forward in reaching the people with the grace of healing. We cannot pass this by without mentioning Dr, Hagen, who without proper vacation or rest this whole year has stood in it both as doctor and builder~ and beset by the vicissitudes of procuring materials. Fossland has also had the double job of being a builder, while taking care of his regular work at the leper colony. Unfortunately, the hospital at Sa.ntipara. was lost through fire last spring. But Bo,

16 ~ THE SANT.AL MissioN OF THE NORTHERN CHURCHttS. generous gift from the Mission to lepers (both British and American) helped us to replace this loss. Problems of procurement of supplies have been especially hes,vy in the leper colonies, and Bagger has found this one of his heaviest tasks. The feeding of 350 people the year round at Saldoha is no small problem in these days. To our young friends who have recently arrived, Rev. and M1."s. Dordal, we want to extend the hand of welr-ome. To one of them the return must bring up old memories of ber earlier days, and to both of them we wish long years in the Master's service here in India. We are happy to welcome back to India a couple of old friends, Dr. and Mrs. B. B. Bogh, and we wish them a blessed time of work at Sevapur, May God grant them a full measure of strength for the work. Likewise we wish Helene Rohmer and Muriel Nielson a hearty welcome to India to work in our field. May God give them good health and a patient spirit. The year 1950 is unique in another way, being the year we try the experim ent of holding three Chota Conferences, in addition to a representative Conference. Several of those who voted for the exi)eriment later raised their voices in opposition to the plan. However it was felt proper to carry out the mandate of the Conference and give the scheme a proper trial. Although this year marks the 50th Anniversary of our work in 'Dinajpur-Malda, the friends over there have decided to postpone celebrations until February, so it will become a matter of the 1951 report. We wish to express the thanks of our mission and church to the faithful workers and friends in the homelands. They have supported the work yet 11Dother year with their gifts and prayers. We cannot but admire their constancy and zeal in their show of willing generosity, This report of the year would not be complete with out recording that on the seoond of November there wa.s registered a document whereby the three retiring

17 EIGHTY-FOURTH ANNUAL REPORT. 7 Trustees, Rosenlund, Gausdal, and the undersigned gave over charge to Eie, Str,onstad a.nd Bjerkestrand, and immediately thereafter a document was registered by which Bjerkestrand was appointed Secretary and Manager of the mission. Thus a new generation of Tru~tees assumed responsibility. May God bless them and guide them in their administration of the Trust. And to Rev. and Mrs. Rusenlund, who are soon to leave India after 40 years of service, we want to give a special word of thanks and appl'eciation. May they have a good journy homewards and many days of wellearned rest in their homeland. In conclusion we want to express our thanks to all our coworkers for the some over twenty-four years we ha ve spent in the work, and especially for the years in Dumka. "T,Ve all know the weight of responsibility and some times of anxiety, which has attended the postwar years. May God bless and promote that which has been according to His will and may He forgive and frustrate that which has not. To Him be the honor and the glory. To our successors in the work, Rev. and Mrs. Bjerkestrand, we wish a full measure of strength for each day and happiness and God's richest blessing throughout their term. BERNHARD A. HELLAND.

18 WORK IN SANT AL PARGANAS. KAERABANI. In continuation of our annual report for 1949 Something should be said about church-building during the year As it has previously been reported, besides the churches in Kaerabani (here in our "centre, Dighari (in the South), Domboria and Jambua (in the West), Babhondiha tin the far North- West), Domkata (in the North) and Dhobona 'in the N orch-east) the urgent need of churches in the East, in the South-West and in the farthest N orth-west has for a long time been felt. And for that purpose the income from our annual congregational meetings for the whole district has been and is being set aside, so tbat those churches may be built without any contribution from the Mission. A self-governing church should not be dependent on the Mission as regards building of church-houses. We are glad to be able to report that the new church in Monhor has been completed and dedicated, accommodating the congregation in the Eatern part of our area. A building-site for a church in the South West has been acquired in Manvur. Timber and tiles we had carted there from the old outstation Rakb. We intend to place a village schoolmaster there who may also conduct Sunday-meetings; later on a pastor might be placed there. As regards Dhobona it was found that repairing and enlarging the old church would cost quite as much as bulding a new church. The congregation around Dhobona have been planning and are prepared to do a lot of work without being paid for it. They have received a valuable gift of timber from the Dumka mission-station.. In. Sagra (N ort-west from here)

19 EIGHTY-FOURTH ANNUAL REPORT. 9 the congregation have for several years been accommodated in a large veranda, an adjoining room might without much expenditure be added, so that a growing congregation may get better room. We are glad that we have a hope of getting a leader placed there. In the far Nort.h-West a church is very much needed but the site has not yet been decided on. During the year we have as in 1949 had very valuable help from Miss H. Milde in Dumka who conducted womens' maetingri\ in Dhobona and Domkata. for which we are very tha.nkful. A similei' meeting was held here in Kaerabani. Concerning our 4 village schools which certainly are too few for so large an area, we have a hope that with the help from Rev. H. N. Riber those schools might be developed and more schools started. Connection with the High School will serve as a good guidance and encouragement for the village schools. We are very thankful to Mr. Riber for this very valuable help. As regards congregational and mission work: (1) Pastor Suphol Hembrom assisted by his wife and a nurse, Hanna are working in and around Kaerabani. (2) Daniel Marndi, as an Elder in Monhor and there about. (3) Pastor Joseph Hasdak' in the area Domkata-Sagra. Pitor Soren as a schoolm aster. Chondo Hembrom as an Elder. (4) Munsi Marndi as an Elder, we hope soon to get him ordained, in Dhobona. Manka Hembrom as a schoolmaster, (5) Budhrai Kisku as an Elder in Dighari. ~ 6) J ugol Hem brom as unpaid Elder in Dam boria. (7) Pastor Mongol Besra in J ambua, also attending to Domboria. The 2 school-teachers Karan Murmu and his wife Ruth, daughther of Pastor Simon Baske in Dum near Dumka. (8) Pastor Johon 11urmu in Babhondiha. Somae Murmu t\.s a schoolmaster.

20 10 THE SANTAL MIS8ION OF 1'HE NORTHERN CHURCHES. As regards mission work during the year 1950 one person only, a young man from among the Non-Christian Santals has been baptized. He had to pass through considerable resistance from the people of his village. Therefore it might be said that he "weighs" more than he "counts" A family near Kaerabani wanted to bt come Christians, but we found out that it was with a hope of gettin"g help from the mission in a court-case. Another family near Kaerabani are "approaching" as Santals say, we have better hope for them, but they have not yet made up their minds about it. The same might be said about some people near Sagra.,\Vhen only one person joins the congregation during the year, we must not try to explain a way this fact; neither console ourselves with a sort of pious consideration, that we are anyway unprofitable servants, also if a large number become Christians. The "result of our proclaiming the Gospel is not entirely to the credit or miscredit of the preachers. And a statistical number is in all cases an extremely unstatisfactory yard-stick for "measuring" work of this sort. However, we have to consider whether or not we have been too much absorbed in deliberations concerning church-constitution, so that has perhaps to some extent hampered our missin work-? But it could not be a voided, the congregations had to be instructed and guided regarding the constitution and accompanying by-laws etc. Perhaps under the old arrangement or lack of arrangement, when more Elders were employed and much fewer pastors, the quantity of mission work in the village might have been larger. A large and growing responsibity has been laid on our past0rs, and they are doing a good llond faithful work. What is needed is voluntary and unpaid work by many more lay-preachers. And many people of the congregations have begun to feel the need of that, which means that we have a good bope for the future. R. EOSE;NLUND,

21 EIGHTY-FOURTH ANNUAL REPORT. il DHOROMPUR DISTRICT. Dhorompur congregation with its three branches Amgachi, Hunja Rampur and Kolha has a total membership of 247. The christians are spread out in twenty villages. The work has mostly been taken care of by our pastor Bajun Murmu. He has not spared himself in visiting the villages. Besides him we have four elders and three biblewomen at different places in the district, and some of them have done very well during the past year. The monthly workers meetings have been a great experience, there we discussed all the different problems of the congregations, I feel that each time our workers went home encouraged to get on in their work. We have had to gi ve leave to our elder in Amgachi. Mismanagement and unfaithfullness left the congregation in a rather poor spiritual standard, we regret to say we had to close down the church which is in his court-yard, the christians simply refused to go there. We got an arrangement with one of our christians in Jetke, a neighbouring village, who has built a school-house, we conduct now regular church-service there. Our pastor, our elder, Bidiae Tudu, the teacher and I have taken the services in turn we are happy to tell that the attendance has more than doubled since we made that change, and we feel that the christians again are united. Weare in need of a pastor to take care of the work in Hunja-Rampur and Amgachi, especially in Hunja. Rampuras there is quite s number of new chri~tians jn the surrounding villages, and as it is a far dista.nce from Dhorompur it is difficult to take propar care of them.from here. Furthermore many heathens have asked for baptism. and as it looks to us, there is an appreciable spirituel awakening among the heathens The new church in Kolha is ready for dedication which we have planned to perform in the first part of February The churoh has entirely been built by the eongrekatioll, and all the expenees except for a.bout

22 12 THE S.ANTAL MiSl:lION OF THE NORTHERN CHURCHES. fourteen rupees has been met by them. By this a greatly felt need has been fulfilled, as it is a far distance for the christia.ns in Kolha, Bhitra, Balka and Birndan to walk to Dhorompur Sunday after Sunday to church. Though we have had a temporary arrangement, our elder in Kolha has cunducted regular church-service in his court-yard, but in the long run it was unsatisfactory. In the last part of September we had a bible-course for our workers here in Dhorompur, and as many of the christians who were able to attended the meetings, which we felt was a good help for our work. The Sunday school has gone on as usual, here we have 26 children. It has been a little difficult to carry on in the rainy season as many of the children had to herd the cattle. During the year we opened a new L. P. school in J etke with one of our local christians as teacher. The attendance there has been 25. The school-house there has been built by one of our christians and at his expence. Our L. P. school in Dhorompur is progressing, this year there are 36 children, and our teacher is unable to carryon alone, we hope to get a new teacher in the near future, a woman who can take care of and teach in handwork. The land which for several years was rented out is now under the management of the mission again. There is m!lch to build up as the men who had it on lease did not take pro per care of it. During the year we have given medecine to and treated more than 5000 patients, and we have discovered that our dispensary is an important activity in our missionwork, as the work opens the doors for the Gospel everywhere, and there is a great need for medical help. In all, our hearts are filled with thanks for all that we have experienced together with our christian fellow-workers, and we look forward to a fruitful fellow.

23 ~IGH1'Y-FOtJKTH ANNU.AL REPOR'1\ 1S ship with the the different congrega tions knowing. that the grace of God is new every morning and His blessing lasts for ever. HANNE AND A. K. JENSEN. MAHARO DISTRICT, Also thir year has passed quietly. Not much has happened different from other years. In the beginning of February we stayed jn Jalwae, one of our outstations for a week. There we went into the villages and preached the Gospel to the heathens especially, but we also visited the Christians in their home. Besides our pastor, 5 elders. 2 bible women and myself, miss Clausen went along with us before she started in her new job in Benagaria. Later in the same month the pastor, elders, and bible women had anot her camp at Dum bria. I had to stay home as we had an epedemic in school then. April 16th the new church in Nayadi was dedicated. May God bless the little congregation over there. The annual women~s meeting for Dumka circle was held here in Maharo this fall. We were many gathered then and we felt God's blessing upon us. We are therefore thankful for those days. The monthly women" ~ meeting has also been carried on. It is in care of the pastor's wife. During the year 22 children of Christian parents have been baptised and besides that a family of 4 members in Jalwae. Some others have asked for baptism. but for some reason 01' other they withdrew again. The mela in November showed a better rehult than last year. As to the village schools there is little change. We had to replace one of the teachers. But we have a.s before

24 14 THE san-tal MissioN 011' THE NORTHttRN CHURCHES. 7 schools with 10 teachers. For 6 of the schools we have applied for Government's recognition, but yet we have had no answer. The church has not been too well attended this year. In November I therefore closed the dispensary to get mor!3 time to visit the villages. I found it the right thing to do as I cannot possibly overcome it all and we a.re not very far away from hospital and doctors. This is in brief what has happened during the year. We are so thankful to God for He has helped us through. Personally I have a special reason to be thankful. First of all to God. But I owe also my fellowworkers gre3.t th3.nks for the wonderful way they helped me during the time of illness. RAGNHILD REIN. KOROYA M[SSION AND ORPHANAGE. 12 long months have passed, and sunshine and rain have gone over the beautiful country round about Koroya. Storms and dark clouds too arose, and big trees were torn up by the roots; after clearing up, fresh air and sun got more space. In the work something alike has been experienced, God was in the storms, and He helped us to bow our knees, and taught us to trust in Him only. Very few have been baptised, 9 only, but several of these have been very eager to leai'll, and it has been our biblewoman, Manjhan's great joy to) teach them. One night, a family, just baptised, was assaulted by robbers, who took practical all they had in their house. One of the family, an elderly woman, trembled with fear the following days, but on advice of a christian neigh. bour, they all went into their house, closed the door a.nd prayed to God, and they experienced, that God gave them such a peace of mind and security, that they simply had to come and share the joy with the biblewoman.

25 EIGHTY-EOURTH ANNUAL REPORT. 15 One of the nine baptised was a young man, Munsi, who suffered from t. b, and who was afraid to die as a heathen. He had as a boy attended our school and heard much about the Christian faith, and had for years desired to be a christian. Six weeks after his baptism. he died with peace in his heart. Two families are uncier instruction, and more talk about leaving heathenism in the near future. M anjhan visits faithfully the sick and gives them advice, medicine and comfort, and is alwayy ready to share the word of God with them. Her only regret is, that she does n:>t get further out to the multitude, who do not know God and the Saviour of the world., Jesus Christ. In the autumn a group of girls attended a confirmation class for three weeks, and together with them a 10 year old girl was instructed for baptism. The monthly meeting for worn en has been well attended. One of the most reguler attendents, a poor old woman, died in the hot season. A few days before she died, her ruined hut was filled with angels. Many of the christian women attended the big meeting for wamen held at Maharo. The first sunday in November the church was filled with children, Christian and Heathen, celebrating The World Sunday-school day. Very few gathered for the congregation-mela in November, and there was little inclination to buy; obviously there was little money amongst people after the poor crop of Indian corn and the scarce early rice harvest. Some years ago it was decided to close the orphanage, and a bible school for women should have been started instead. Later it w.as found out, that Koroya was not the best place for a bible school for young girls j and the orphanage is.still here. but no new orphans are admitted, and gradualy the family is getting smaller. The teacher, Anna Murmu, left to get married, and another of the big girls, Elisabeth, had her wedding here. Her youn~er sister. Ruth, WaS sent to Sald04~ to get

26 16 THE SANTAL MISSION OF THE NORTHERN OHURCHES. treatment for leprosy. Benjamin joined the weaving class in the Indu"trial school at Benagaria. Just before Christmas Punta came home after finishing her teachers' training. There are now remaining 9 children {who are not confirmed I and 3 big girls. In the month of January the teacher, Emanuel Tudu. was promoted to be headmaster in the school, and in spite of many difficulties at the start, he has ~ucceeded in getting order and dicipline in the school, and has worked faithfully together with the other teachers. The former headmaster was transfered to another district, and in his place, Samuel Hasdak', one of the old orphanboys was tral1sfered from Majdiha school to Koroya, as it was convenient for the work and for him. Samuel has brought more singing into the school and congregation. A nurober of schools in and around Dumka have for the first time had football tournament, and it was the day of the year, when our boys came home with the cup. It had to be celebrated with a fea~t, arranged by the boys themselves, and all work done by them. The average num bel' of children attending the school during the year was 103. Three boys passed the U. P. examination. RAJBAND; The hope we had last year about many asking for instruction to be bapth::ed in 1950, did not materia.lize. A dark cloud has been over the work. A task for the kingdom of God, which should have strengthened the christian spirit, worked out opposite, and the congregation divided up into two groups; this naturally (influenced or) stopped the growth of the church. A thorough repair of the church building was the root of the trouble, and it lasted for over half a year. But when Chr.istmas drew near, they decided to settle the matter betw~en themselves, and after that they could all join in the Christmas devotions in a church not quite finished. Chl.'istm&.s dt:\.y a young mf\.n wa.s bavtis~d.

27 JtI~:fIT -FOURTH A:NNU~~ ~EPO~.T. 17 AJpIHA: _Nothing has happened in this oongr.egation fqr two years, and the question "why" naturally arises-and a prayer for progress in the future or for revival. The number of children in the school has ~pcre~ee~. Average number attending d~rin g the y~~rh..as been 95. Seven boys pa.ssed at t~e U. p, exami~ation. In the beginning of the year one of the teachers was seriously ill, as a fact, he was right in the valley of death, but by a miracle of God, he was saved. He knows, he was saved to serve God. The teacher. Chita Hasdak', w.as discharged from work as a request from the congregation. The pastor, Cunu,. lost his wife, and four ~rpa 11 _children became motherless. :Light a.nd shade changed over the country and the work during t]le year, but God was the same, and to Him we raise our thanks for the task He gave us, for Indian helpers in the work and for all who made intercession for the work of God's Kingdom in India. KARl RINGHEIM ERIKA LOWE, CHONDORFURA DISTRICT. About the work in general it does not seem that there is much to report, except the common remark that the work in the 6 vil~age schools and the 8 congregations. has been carried on as usual. It is now 70 years since Chondorpura was selected for a mission station. The tota.l number of christians at the olose of the year was 1474, and they are living in 82 villages. We are thankful to God for whatha.s been done through these years, but when we consider that there are about 200 villages more where there as yet are no c.hris.tians,at all, we have a.n idea of the g~e.atnebs. of. ~Ae ~_l:\'ijk before us illth~s district.. S

28 18 THE SANTAL MISSION OF THE NORTHERN CHURCHES. During the year the following changes in the staff have been made. Pastor Gal;u Soren has retired on pension, and is now living in his home in Ero village. In :Q.is place pastor Kalu Kisku of the Divinity School has had to take charge temporarily of the Ohondorpura congregation until another pastor is appointed. It is very sad to have to report tha.t the elder in Ohondorpura, Raja Marndi, had to be dismissed because of bad,conduct. When we came back from the hills in June. we found that he had already run away to his h?me in Ranga. Fortunately we had already Methuselak Tudu who could take his place as evangelist, otherwise it would have been very difficult to keep the work going. All of a sudden Joseph Marndi's wife died from cholera in June, and after that he was :permitted to move from Amgachi to his home in I Bhalsungia, where he is now working as an elder and leader of the congregation. One of the teachers in Chotorcua, Peter Murrnu, was transferred to Sultanabad circle on his own request in January, and in April the teacher David Murmu wanted to be relieved from his work' in Ranga, in order to take care of his own land in Chirapathor, after his father had died. Here in Chondorpura Elisabeth Murmu who is a trained teacher, WitS appointed to work in the L. P. school from January, instead of her husband Mongol Soren. The schools are slowly growing. The total number of pupils is 195, which is a slight increase from last year, ~ut there ought to have been many more. It seems that the teachers lack zeal and enthusiasm to succeed in gathering the children. All the other workers are the same as last year, the staff by the end of the year was: 4 pastors, 7 elders and 9 teachers. 'rhe total number of baptisms during the year is 61. 'Of thes~ 41 ~re children of christians and 20 non-

29 ~IGHT~-FOURTH ANNUAL REPORT. 19 christians. Chondorpura congregation stands first with a total of 29 baptisms. It was a great joy on the 4th Sunday in advent when 3 families were baptised in the church here. The story of one of the new christians, a widow from N a wadi village, deserves to be told, we think. Some ten years ago she became interested and felt a strong call to become a christian. Unfortunatel~ her elder son become suddenly ill and died in hospital before he could be baptised. That was a great blow to her, and her non-christian relatives just scared her from cqming to church. The fight was certainly hard for her, but she always received us as friends when we visited her, and we were very glad to notice that she continued to come to church. But one sunday when she was on her way to church as u8ua.l, she suddenly saw a poisonous sna.ke on the road, and the thought struck her with ~ighttening force: 'I This is the spirit of my son, or a. bonga who has come to warn me not to become a christia.ns." She become so frightened that she did not dar~ to go any fu.rther. She went right back to her home, and all her faith and courage had apparently gone for ever. From that day she did not come to church any more, and We were afraid she was lost. But the Spirit of God did not leave her she was still being called in her heart, and when we come back from furlough two years ago, we were glad to find that she still received us as friends. Soon she began to come. to ohurch again, and was regularly instruoted for baptism. And now, through many temptations and trials she has finally oonquered all evil spirits and come over on God's side. A great victory had finally been won, and it was a day of rejoicing when she and her second son were baptised in the church. SOlle special events of the.year may also be mentioned. On the 16th February pastor Tika M urmu invited a big crowd including several missionaries to comme-

30 20 THE SANT.AL MISSION OF THE NORTHttRN CHURCHES. morate fhe 50th anniv-ersary since the first baptisms in Chirapathor. By the end of March the annual convention for Sultanabad and Jubdi was held in Gadiapani, where several hundred were gathered for three days. On the 10th September a.' Youth for Christ" day was held in Chondorpura. The church was filled to capacity, and all listened eagerly to the inspired messages and the fine singing both at the morning service and the evening meeting. A women's convention for~ Saldoha and Chondorpura was also held here at the end of October. The attendance was good throughout the three days, and we feel sure that all who came, went back to their homes refreshed and renewed in their hearts. Steps have been taken to merge the two districts, Saldohll. and Chondorpura into one circle, called the Jubdi circle, under the new church constitution. Two circle conferences were held during the latter half of the year. In closing we want to thank all who have remembered this part of our work before the throne of grace, and supported it with their gifts. ALYHILD & A. E. STRONST.AD. SALDOHA LEPER COLONY AND DISTRICT. PSt 103, 1; 5. Any institution dealing with mankind must retain a youthful spirit in its daily life even after haying celebrated Jubilees, Even more so when it is a Christian institution with the ministry to bring new hope and health to people stricken with leprosy. And as a Christian is renewed in the inward man through prayer with t"hanksgiving, so also new strength and hope comes to a Christian Home like Saldoha by counting our blessings ea.oh day and at the elid of the year.

31 ltigaty-irourtfh ANNtJAL nepor':t 21 We thank God for another year of work under peaceful conditions. And in these days of increasing dearness we will not forget to thank -for daily bread. In a leper home where patients must remain under trea.t- ment for years it takes more than half of the budget to feed them. And it was only because of increased contributions from Government and our Mission that we were able to retain our usual food rations throughout the year, We are thankful for faithful co-operation from the staff in the hospitals, schools, management and prea.ching of the Gospel. In a community like Saldoha each member, sick or sound, must give their best to make it a success, so that God's purpose may be worked out to body and soul for all. And the patients, Christian and Non-Christian alike, have responded with a, fine spirit. Another great blessing to be grateful for is the progressive kncn:vledge of the nature of Leprosy and means' to fight it. In spite of the cronic nature of the disea se, it is now possible to give first consideration to the medical treatment of it. The patients come with expeotation and confidence to us that we can do something to cure them or at least relieve their trouble. Experiments with various kinds of the drugs of Sui phone group ha.ve been successful in healing up leprotic lesions and reducing the infectiousness of some patients. In Qther ca.ses the disease has been arrested by maximum doses of Hydnocarpus Oil. Because of these speedy results in general well being too many patients leave before c~mp.. leting their treatment, so that it has become neces1ilary to compromise and discha.rge some on observation with orders to return for quarterlv check-up. Some credit for the good results must be giv'el1 to improved diet and to the large variety of activities t1i'a't the colony system provides for patients during thil1 treatm:enb. Much stress is laid on cotton work a.s sui.

32 ~2' THE S.ANTAL. MISSION OF TItE NORTHERN CfttrRCHES. table for even weak and crippled patients (cultivation of cotton, spinning, weaving). House-constr uction, roadupkeep, farming etc. Builds up the patient physically, mentally and socially. In addition much attention is given to the educational and spiritual needs of all children and adults, men and women. Barom'asia out-door clinic has been well attended by the patients from the near district. The quality of our work there has suffered in later years because of poor upkeep of r0ads by which our staff may reach there. The authorities concerned have been repe atedly approached on that problem. V /'e are thankful for signs of new life in the district where Karan pastor and Balhae pastor have shared the responsibility of bringing the Gospel to the Christian homes as well as to the non-christian comil1unity. For the first time one of our lady missionaries has been permitted to give full time to the work among the women of our district, and it is already bearing fruit. All our schools have been well attended and again received acknowledgement of their fine work through a substantial grant-in-aid from District Board for which we are grateful, Our part in the working out of the new church constitution was given a good start with a well attended meeting for J ubdi circle, where the main subject" How' to bring the Gospel to Christian and non-christian in Jubdi district" was dicussed with an interest that spetls promising for the work in the future. In conclusion we went to acknowledge with thanks the generous grants frum Local Government of Bihar, Inspector Genera.l of Civil Hospitals, Bihar Leprosy Relief Association and D,istrict Board, as also from the Mission to Lepers and the B. M. N. C. Mission. And not lea.st we thank for faithful praying friends in our homelands who' ha~'6 helped us daijy carry the burdens p,nd make them light. V. BAGGER.

33 EIGHTY-FOURTH ANNUAL REPORT. 23 BASETKUNDI DISTRICT. Twentyfive years ago our nice Basetkundi Church was built by Rev. J. Gausdal. He put this word on the front wall over the alter: " Sanctify them through thy truth." It always reminds us where the remedy is to be found when things go wrong. We need sanctification through his truth, who sanctified himself for us. Another church was built almost at the same time as our church in Basetkundi, the church over at Patpahari. 25 years ago Rev. Gausdal had a talk with Mr. Bhiku Murmu a rich church member of Rajpokhor, the result llf which was that Bhiku not only gave the money needed for the building of the Patpahari church but he has also established a fund for the maintenance of the church. We have one elder and one teacher thera. Some resistance from the non-christians has made them feel the necessity of coming together for bible reading and prayer. At this time of anniversaries we were fortunate to have Rev. Ga uhdal on one weeks visit to Sultana bad and as people had done their best to repair the road we had no difficuty in reaching several of the outstations. One of our four pastors, Bhogon Murmu moved from Basetkundi to Haripur at the begining of this year and pastor Emanuel Tudu of Simoldohi, whose bodily strength had continually been decreasing, peacefully died on the 22nd of Dec. after long and faithful service, so we need a pastor in his place. Things at Hatimara have not been going on sahsfactory and culminated in the dismissal of the elder and the teacher of that place. And the teacher Hikim Hembrom from Kankjol was placed as an elder there, but as he wants to get further education for congregationlli servige his place may soon be vacant,

34 .24 THE SAN~~~ Is&IQN OF TIt:re NOR'r!I~RN CHURCHES. Concerning Kankjol the outlook is brighter. The elder Mongol Soren has been doing continual good work there. S.eventeen non-christians have been added to the congregation. Some of the lay members have a burriing spirit and wa.nt to do something for God. They have the highest church collection of the outstations too. On the other outstations the picture is almost as last year. We have 9 schools in all, in Sultanabad, but we should like the lay folk to take more part in The Sunday School work as we have only three Sunday Schools in our district. The Miss Saheb and Mem Saheb have been taking care of the womens meetings in the mission compounds and in the villages. We are trying our best to adjust ourselves to the new state of things, with circle conferances, selfsupport, etc. But what we most of all need and are longing for is that God may send us revival by his Spirit and sanutify us by his word. Yours in the Lord ASTA AND PETTER PEDERSEN. HARIPUR DISTRICT. There have been experiences of both joy and sorrow duril!g the past year, in the wor$:.. at Haripur, Chundpoda and Serampur congregations. At Haripur we had tb~ pleasure of completing the work on the P~!'tor's h.ouse.during th.e beginning of the year so that Pastor BhogQn Murmu could move his family here. It has been a pleasure to work with him. Jujhar Sor~n who w.as the Elder here at Haripur moved to Chundpoda, as the.old :mlder there was pensioned,at the beginning of the y:ear. In Serampur there has been no Elder since the d~ath of the former worker about three years ago. The Congregation there requested Hopna Kisku be appointe,d as Elder and he has been working there since Sel>tembe~. Wf) we:re out thel'~ in O~mp du+in~ N,ovemb,er

35 EIGHTY-FOURTH ANNUAL REPORT. and met all the Qhristians but unfortunately not all of them ha:ve kept up their contact with the congregation. As is the case in the other congregations, there ~re many fallen Christians, but in some places there are indications that they desire to return. Two families are being instructed for baptism at Serampur, -and for tha.t~" reason also we are glad that an Elder has been appoin~ ted to -the work there. He appears to be - zealous fn the work, and his wife is able to read and be of help to him, which is of great importance. Every where the non Christians are willing to hear the word, and the Pastors are untiring in their work of preaohing and instructing. In Haripur as well as in the other places we have tried to have meetings with the Christian women once a month, but the attendance has not been good. However the contributions received at these meetings have been sufficient for half the salary of a Bible woman. We have had a Confirmation class for young girls, as well as a Bible course for young girls, who for the" most part are unable to read. In both instances mostly school girls attended and it was a joy to work with them. One of the teachers has started Sunday school, bu~ so far it is mostly the children Ii ving in the mission. compoun~ who attend. We take turns in conducting. the Sunday school. and hope soon that more children- <~ will come. The conference gave us permission to build a small school house, and a gift from Danish Nurses was recei~ ved in time to use it for this purpose. We are very. happy about the school house. At the beginning of the' year a teacher was procured, so that now we have two teachers with training and experience, and we hope soon to be able to start a fourth class. so the children -Can read up to Upper primary examination, ~

36 26 THE SANTAL MISSION OF THE NORTHERN CHURCHES. J.. " A number of patients have received medicines here on the veranda daily, and I llave assisted in a number of maternity cases here and in the villages. We thank 'Goa who each day has been with us and given ~~rength and all that we have needed. and we thank all friends who have remembered us in prayer and with gifts. Then,we enter the year with confidence and depend 00 him. who has been our help. He will also help.in the days to come. G UDRUM HOLTEN. MOHULPAHARI DISTRICrr. Ot'ler duties have provented me from observing or supervising closely the work in Mohulpahari District this past,year, but a few things can surely be reported. Old faithful Khudia pastor, assisted by the elders and Bible women, has preached the Gospel with prophetic power despite his advancing years. He is soon ready for retirement.' The congregation has not been as responsive as one would like to see, either as to attendance or offerings, but there are many outside condition infhiencing that which we hope will improve in the coming' year. T.he upper primary school has done well. enrolling 135 p.upils,in Mohulpahari and 75 in the Ambajora sc?hool, 210 in all, with a total of 9 teachers. The Ambajora school building was repaired during 1950 with considerable help donated by the local Christians. In September the Mohulpahari School moved into its new 7 room school building, a structure erected in connection w~ththemohulpahari Hospital project. The school was dedic8.t~d 'iii October with appropriate festivities led by 'Secretary B. A. Helland,

37 1 IGHTY-FOURTH ANNUAL REPORtf.,27... : -~': J n December it became necessary to dismiss... 2 teachers because of moral laxity. They have,. since" confessed and made restitution, but they are being ;:transferred elsewhere and new teachers have replaced,.phem here. We have been much encouraged, on t,he other hand, by the deep sincerity and consecra tion of certain other teachers, especially Suphol Marndi, who has had charge of the hostel which houses 10 or 11' boys. T,he school has a remarkable scarcity of girls. They. com prise only about 10% 'of the total enrolmen.ts! Here in this jungle area the shades of darkness a.re ever trying to quench the lights that ha~e been lit. Pray that the lights may shine steadily and brightly. KRI&TOFER HAGEN. BENAGARIA 1 DISTRIOT; The work in our district has gone on as' usual. The gospel qf salvation has, been proclaimed in market places, in villages and c~urches. We do regret that we can not give any large number of new christians, bul a. deeper understanding and experience of spiritual things among the christians are to a great extent noticeable~ It is however a great joy io report that in the Matia juri village area several,families are asking to,' be instruc. ted for baptism. MatiaJuri has "for a large number of years been a hard and dark place, but Iiow by the, grace of God the Light of Salvation seems to shine forth into that dark corner. In other places too, in our big district, people seem to be moving towards Ohrist, and we are,hop. ing for a great ingathering of souls. Mrs. Glad has been in cbarge of our womens work here at OU1i head station as well as in our outstations.. In the fall we had a big Worn ens 'convention here in Benagarla where hundreds of santal women attended.

38 In trus great -work among the women Mrs. Glad is assisted by a band- of -vol1:1ntary workers consisting of women school teachers, pastors wives, and teachers wives. The impact of these meetings and the faithful work done there is stronglyjelt and is a real inspiration in our congregational work. Our annual Bible-course for pastors and evangelists has been held, and this year pastors and elders from other mission districts as M6hulpahari, Dumka and M urshidabad attended the course. WORKERS: 2 Pastors-: Elders ~ Biblewomen : Village teachers ~ BmNA.GARIA u. P. SCHOOL: N umber of pupils: 250 Staff-: 8 3 BENAGARIA MISSION INDUSTRIAL SCHOOL: Weaving section 14 Carpentry section 10 Staff 4 4 BENAGARlA MISSON ZEMINDARY : Staff 5 5 BENAGARlA MISSON PRESS ~ Staff 17 During the year the following books have been prin. ted at our Mission Press and distributed for sale: New Testaments in Santali Gospels ~ymn books. (First edition of the new Hymnbook) 4:. 200 Williom G1ad. I, Baebel reak' mit' bar puthiko reak' Bhed-Bhanga.o."

39 EIGIiTY -fourth ANNu1t REFORT Ketekisem Joseph reak' Jion Carit Panji for Annual Report for Bapla pata Hajri khata Buj Rakap' II hatin Lesson ahets Akil Duar II hatin Buj Rakap' I hatin Phunni Hathorkhi ( Boro Church Paper.) per month "Pera Hor H (Santal ChI Paper) 17.,. Johar Gate.:' (.Children paper in santali. ) Besides the printing of above mentioned books much printing-work has been undertaken during the year for all our hospitals and Leper C911onies. Some work has also been done for The National Christian Counsil of North India, The C. M. S and The Scottish Church. Our bookbinding department has also been ver,y busy during the year, Our literature and printing.work is progressing and this year we have had a greater output of books than in any previous year. Six new aprrentices have gone through a. two years course, for printers at our ow n Mission Press and are now placed on our staff. Two new apprentices are in training. Our old machinery is very much worn out, and so are the types. We have already bought some new types. but much more is needed. A Lister Diesel engine 5 H. p, and a new Printing Press have been bought a.nd will be install. en within 6-7 weeks, and we shall then be able to COPQ with more work. Xn closing we send our greetings to all our fa. it hful friends. We need your prayer~ more than ever.beforeand

40 , -:30 THE S.!.NTAL MISSION OF THE NORTHERN Cti{1RCltltS. we are confident that you will not fail but be with us in the work to the salv.ation of souls and the glory of our Redeem er Jesus Christ. Yours in The' Masters Service RAGNA & WILLIAM GLAD SANT.AL P.ARGANAS BENGALI WORK. Es "The word shall not return unto me void.~' This word makes us believe and hope that our work amongst the other races in Santal Parganas last year too was"not in vain, though we can not point to any big figures in our reports. The works which has been done is a sowing of the word of Life, to keep our christians alive, to call fallen ones back and to draw new ones into the fellowship of God. Onr workers have done a faithful work from week to week. But it is a disadvantage that We still have only one pastor in the district. That makes it impossible to serve the congregations properly. Daniel pastor tries his best out from Mohulpahari, but as the congregations are so wideepread; th~ pastoral service is bound to be deficient. It has been a help that old Dhononjoy pastor still helps in Dangalpara congregation in Dumka. Here furthermore David Jha and his wife, Korona ha.ve done a good work. -They are using hindi, which is the only natural language i!l Dumka Bazar. ~orona has had a sundayschool going this year. too. During last year Benagaria congregation had to take leave with their old evangelist, Atul Babu, -who was ta.ns fared to. Rampur Haut. The congregation has suffered because of this. As we ourselves have stayed at Bena garia the rast part of this year we therefo.re have tri'ed to help especialy in this congregation. -It is remarkable what & good place "for propagating 'the.gospel 'the 'chapel in Benagaria Hospital is. Every Sunday many heathens

41 EIGHTY-FOURTH ANNUAL REPORT 31 ' among the patients come in and listen. In this way we have come in contact with many inquirers, and we believe that the seed sown in this way will surely bear fruit some day. The bible woman, Mrs. Das has done a good work among the patients, and she has also served in the congregation here. As part of the hospital has been moved to Mohulpahari, Daniel pastor has also had some preaching service amongst,tbe patients there. I In Saldoha the II Kerani babu " Dinesh Lal has faithfully worked in the bengali congregation among the Ie pel's. Last year, with great joy, we baptized a young fine boy, the carpenter Ramessor. He has for a long time wanted baptism. but because of his family it has had to be postponed. Now it could be done. He is a grand witness about the joy and peace in Jesus Christ. The work amongst the bengalis of the lower cla.sses in Maharo village has been continued by David Jha and our evangelist out there. This is an especially difficult. task, because they from old time have the idea that an essential thing in being a christian is to get material help from the mission. As all of them are very poor, it is difficult to change this impression. There is at any rate now a little regular congregation among them. One sunday there was baptism of 19 children and 6 grown ups and wedding of 6 couples who for a long time have lived together according hindu-custom though in all the ca~es the one part was baptized. The,little congregation has many signs of weakness, but the Gospel, is being preached regularly, and we believe that it works by its own power. The promising thing is that the children a17e coming-both to the sunday scbool. which is being runs teachers from Maharo girls school, and to the eveningschool, which is lead by a santal teacher from Maharo. In the work'amongat the mahlis we did not see any big progress last year. But hete too we do believe that the word which has been sown works with its inherent :power to call a'nd to cleanse. In Jamk~ndor and Lotaka,ndol'

42 a2 THE SANTAL MISSION OF THE NORTHERN CHURCHES. we see lea.st signs of spirituallife. but also here a-small gr{)up is coming to church-. and we have not given UJ> hope for the, fallen - ones. On other places we ha ve seen fruit of the word of life. Tn Baniapasar Budu, the old "Dhorom manjhi" came back into the c~mgregation again. In Jobo it has been spiritual fighting. The leading. man iii congr.egation. teacjier Fagu had to be excommunicated. Later on he woke up and now he wants to come into the oongregation again. In, Kusumba and Minzra we have baptized 'some heat-hen. At the last plaoe the people want a sohool, and we a~e just now building a little churoh-and sohool house th~re. It is a very lonely :place and it is far to the nearest school. The saipe is to be sa.id a.bout Kundapahar,. a new place where we just started work last year. Here we have just appointed one santal teacher to w.ork amc1tigst the mahli and sanbal children. This year also oame to end without seeing our wish for a mission station for this ou~ work in Santal Parganas being fullfilled. This is in every respeot a disadvantage and hindrance to our work. At the conference in Jan~ary 1959 it was granted Rs tobuil~ a new mission station. We also had good hope to get a suitable piece of land at Mohulpahari, when the homeland"s stopped us because of the financial situation. The home boards recommended that we.should.ta."ke ove:r an old santal station. F. U. then recommended Chondorpura station, which.will be empty when Divinity ~chool moves to Benagaria, and which has r a very ~uitable situation foroul work, but it au stranded on the Santal District Churoh counsii of this di:striot. Therefor the questiod about a mission statiol~ for the other races in Santa 1 Parganas is still unsolved. Th~s we look back upon many things which were imperfect and incomplete in But through all things we r.ealized tbat God stood by, with his blesaing..:our th~nlts go-to him who watches o~;r his word and whose stren~th is made :perfect in weakness of men.

43 EIGHTY-FOURTH ANNUAL REPORT. 33 But we also thank our native fellow workers and all of you in the home lands and out here who have remembered our work in prayer. SOLVEIG AND PER KJOLBERG. WOMENS WORK IN SANTAL PARGANAS AND BIRBHUM DISTRICTS (BENGALI WORK) The year 1950 has been a very busy and very h81ppy one in the work among the women. Almost hom the beginning it was possible to go out camping in the diffirent villages where the Christians are -with our Biblewomen. The work among the women is still pioneering work and calls for steady and continued teaching of the Christian village-women, much more than we up till now have been able to do. It was felt so much at the time we were living among them that the work is so overwhelming and the workers so very few and untrained. Often the prayer went up for new workers with zeal and vision to lead au these d8ar women closer to the Lord, who loves them. To,present the Gospel to illiterate and uneducated women from Hindu and Muslim background has problems of its own. No one can do this better then our Indian fellow-workers, if they really catch the vision for this important work and get sufficient training so that they can present the truth in a simple way. Staying out in the villages for a certain time makes one realize how little is the inspiration and how difficult it is for our Christian women not to grow tired and to be kept in a living faith in t~e Lord. Many of them are not able to read and therefore the spiritual help they get is very meagre and the claims on 5 Yale Divinity library New Haven, Conn.

44 34 THE SANTAL MISSION OF THE NORTHERN CHURCHES. them are many and ti~ing. One cannot help admiring those, where ever they are who keep on steadily wit:p. the Lord in spite of all, and to thank God for the workers who really care for the people entrusted to them and who faithfully and quietly go on with their work. A very sad experience was to meet the backsliders. who once were baptized and believing, but now have turned back to idol worship again. This is especially the case among the basketmakers or as they are called the Mahalies. Some years ago while working among Hindus and Muslims in Santal Parganas Rev. S. Johansen and his workers came in contact with the Mahalies and some of them were taught and later baptized. After a revival which started in Narainpur the same year the work took the form of a mass-movement in which village after village were listening to the Christian message and asked for baptism. Rev. S. Johansen with Bosonto Pastor and others had all they 'could do in teaching and caring for the new Christians and the work seemed so promising. Where idol worship abounded before, the new Christians gathered for prayer and Biblereading. Small churches were erected mostly by their own expence and labour. We all know that where the Lord is working our enemy is trying to destroy and wipe out the good seed which have been sown, and so it dolso was the case with the Mahalies. Great trials and epidemics broke out among them in which many of their leaders died and the pressure from their heathen environment was still present. Bosonto Pastor whom they looked upon as their best friend and lea.der was called to be with the Lord. And Rev. S. Johansen had to leave for Norway for a needed furlough after 10' years. of uninterupted work... out here. In the interval when no Missionary was :I?resent in the field in the Bengali work, the new congregations were not properly cared for and in many place;s by the steady pressure from outside and the fear from inside in illness

45 EIGHTY-FOURTH ANNUAL REPORT. 35 and,seeing one after the other die many of them gave up. They turned back to their old ways with idolworship more than ever to please the gods whom they had left, and drinking and other evils took place as before, and now many of the girls who had been baptized were married to non-christians. When we go around in their villages now it feels as if it is stony ground to work in that they must be won back one by one from the evil one. This will not be done easily. It will need much love, prayer, tears, and patience, but we know that every thing we lleed for the task He who loves them will give. In spite of all we have seen that the Lord is working also among them. Here and there He is raising young Mahalies who want to serve the Lord by going to their own people telling them of the glad tidings of salvation and of an everlasting love, and Gods Word shall not return void. Trusting in this we go on with Him rejoicing in every sign of His working. He can never be defeated and in Him is our Hope. From April to November a Bible course was held here for our bible women. It ended by their taking the first examination set by the Bengali Church Council They all passed well. The following Sunday a part of the service was devoted to their being sent out from this congregation. Rev Lande conducted the service and they were each of them given a special word fr0111 the Bible. It was a very blessed day for us all and it was laid very elearly before us the responsibility we had in supporting them with prayer and help. May the Lord bless them and guide them in every way as they go out to serve him in dh!icult places. During the year our weekly meetings have been held for the school and the compound. Confirmation and baptism class has been held and we have felt, that the Lord, in spite of all our shortcomings and mistakes,

46 36 THE SANTAL MISSION OF THE NORTHERN CHURCHES. has been very near and precious. As we close this year's report, we thank God for you, our friends in the homelalld~. without whom the work out here can not be done. May the Lord Bless you aboundantly and make you go on with us as we know that your labour is not in vain. Yours in His- service INGER KROGH NIELSEN.

47 MEDICAL WORK IN SANTAL PARGANAS. BENAGARIA AND MOHULPAHARI HOSPITAL.., For a wide door for effective work has opened to me and there are many adversaries." I Cor. 16: 9 ( New Rev. Std.) During this transition year for our medical work in Santal Parganas we have seen so many adversaries and adversities that we have often felt like bursting out with tlie Negro spiritual.. Nobody knows de trouble I've seen; Nobody knows but Jesus.'" However, now that the year is over and the new hospital at Mohulpahari is so near completion that one can actually begin to think of moving the hospital from Benagaria one has to praise God for how wonderfully He has carried us and the work through. And as one looks about at the hunger and need of all kinds in this place one has to agree that "wide door for effective work has opened" here at Mohulpahari. BUILDING WORK. During the first half of 1950 I tried supervising the extensive building operations at Mohulpahari by twice we?ekly visits from Benagaria, but by mid-july our difficulties in building had become so great that I had to leave the Benagaria work largely in the hands of our faithful nurses and Dr. Chatterjee and move to Mohulpahari where I could supervise the building more closely and see clinic patients between times, whilst also visiting Benagaria twice weekly. It has worked out fairly well. At least, we now can see the beginning of the end of this gigantic task. Building costs have steadily risen and now appear near.. ly to double our estimates but God has provided liberally even in the face of our inadequate, all-too-human planning so that the work will be finished. A good, modern.

48 38 THE SAN'l'AL MISSION OF THE NORTHERN CHURCHES. well-integrated. well-located 68-bed hospital and nurses' training school are emerging at Mohulpahari. Pl!;RSONNEL: In July Miss Axelson left for study furlough in America, where she hopes to get her degree in nursing edu cation and return to establish a nursing school here. Misses Clausen and Gjerde have ably carried on all ye~r in nursing and hospital administrative duties. Dr. Chatter' jee has carried a heavy medical load, especially in the last half of the year. as the statistics show. One of our old, trusted compounders had to be discharged this year because of discrepancies in the rice go-down over which he had charge. He is making full restitution, for which we rejoice as we are hoping it will help him spiritually and the hospital financially. Some new trained Indian nurses are being added to our staff just now as necessary preparatiqn for the establishment of a nursing school. The compounders and nurses have worked faithfully and well in handling a great amount of work. EVANGELISTIC WORK. In April Atul Babu, who has served in the hospital for many years as evangelist, left us to assume a pastorate in Rampur Hat. Mrs. Das has carried on her warm, spiritual hospital visitations faithfully and well. Thousands of gospels and tracts have been sold and distributed to patients and their relatives. STATISTICS, A. Out-Patient Departments Benagaria Out-patients 16,140 Repeat visits 12,176 Leper Clinic Old patients 27 New patients 97 Total visits --- Total consultation 32;524 8,836 Mohulpahari 7,306 Men 1,530 Women Boys Girls % 13.4% 9.2% Laboratory tests 17,465 Injection (clinic) 6,335

49 EIGHTY-FOURTH ANNUAL 'REPORT. 39 Christians 13.6% Santals 17.5% Hindus 51.2% Mohammedans 17.7% 8% 27% 44% 21% Minor operations 239 Tooth extractions 227 Plaster ca~ts 65 X-ray films taken 119 X ray fluoroscepies 480 B. In-Patient Department Month Admissions Newborn Total Average Daily Censtus Jan Feb Mar April May Christians 14.0% June Santals 25.3% July Hindus 43.8% August Mohammedans Sept % Oct Male 59.6% Nov Female 40.4% Dec 'fotals ( avg. ) OPHTHALMIC: C. Operations OTHERS~ Cataracts 50 Pneumothorax 25 Others 22 Phrenic nerve Glands & Tumors: crush 2 Thvroidectomies 5 Tonsillectomies 5 Mastectomies 1 T. B. glands 7 Cbstetrical Cases: Other ( cysts. 14 Normal 42 ctc. ) Forceps 6 Caesarian 3 Abdominal: Appendectomies 5 Anesthesias 326 Oystotomies 1 Spinal 96

50 40 THE SANTAL MISSION OF THE NORTHERN CHURCHES. Colostomies 2 Local 137 Other laparo- Topical 74 tomies 6 General 16 Herniorrhaphies 23 Intrl.\ven. 3 Gynecological ~ Utero Suspensions 6 Ute curret. 16 Hysterectomy 1 Perineorrhaphies 5 Rectal operations 12 Plastic operations 2 Bone and Joint 13 Amputations 4 We thank God for the opportunity and strength to work and for the willing support we get from the homelands. Appendix A FINANCIAL STATEMENT BENAGARIA CHRISTIAN HOSPITAL. RECEIPTS~ Balance from 1949 From Mission, buqget and D. A. From Patients From Milk Sold From Other Sources Rs 14, , , , TOTAL RECEIPTS Rs. 101, EXPENDITURES ~ Upkeep and repairs Salaries Drugs Food Dressings Catgut and Instruments Linen and Blankets RSI 7, , ,

51 EIGHTY-FOURTH ANNUAL REPORT. Kerosene Office Hospital Ink, Chart, Paper etc. Hospital Requisites Book and Journals Motor Car Milk X-Ray and Generator Misoellaneous TOTAL EXPENDITURES Rs. 41 1, , , , , , , BALANCE ON HAND, Dec Rs. 4, KRJS'IOFER HAGEN, M. D.

52 EDUCATIONAL WORK IN SANTAL PARGANAS a SANTAL DIVINITY SCHOOL. Looking back on the passed year's work we feel t'hat.. ~ have so much to be thankful for. In spite of our many shortcomings the Lord has been faith ful, He has give.n strength and grace,to car.ry on from day, to day. The forces of _evil and sin have also been very aotive 'and real in our midst, but we have also clearly seen that "where sin abounded. grace did much more abound." 'The general health of the students and their families has been much better than last year, so we have had a good year with regular studies all through the nearly 10 months. Some have had attacks of malaria and, dysentery, and one boy had to be treated for kala azar, otherwise we have been spared for any serious illness. The school-year started on 9th January and the first term lasted up to 28th April. In May and June we had ~ummer vacation as usual, and the students went to their home places, where they took part in the work in the congregations. The second term of the year was opened on 1st. July. and regular school work was carried on without a break up to 20th December. In order to give the present group of students a full three years' course it has been decided by the school committee that they shall continue for two months more. We had t~erefore no examination in December, but the final examina.tioll is to Qe held iq Febrt1;ary ne:jt,.ear~

53 ~IGHTY-FOURTH ANNUAL REPORf 43 One of the students, La-khon Murmu from F."Pa.kistan, left the school presumably for fa.mily rea.sons, and did not come back after the Christma.s va.c&tion. There have thus been only 11 students in the men's' class, and 11 wives in the women's class. Pastor Kalu Kisku has continued to ta.ke an~ equ~l share with me in teaching the men, and his w-i~e 'h~~ assisted my wife in teaching the women. Ruben Soren who had temporarily been helping in teaching English. left the work at the beginning of the year, and.enterqd Government service. This is a short summary of gone through during the year: the subjects we have New Test.: Introduction and cursory reading f.rom Hebrews to Revelation. Continued exegetic studi~a: of Math. 21 to 28 according to MSI. prepared by Rev.' J, Gausdal, and also Galatians 5 and 6, using R~v. f,.. Thu's book as a textbook. Detailed study with dicta.ted notes on the first and second epistle to Tim~thy. Titus and James. Old Test.: Detailed study of Isaiah chapter 1 to 12. Church History.. Selected portions of European Church history from the Reformation up to the present time. Dictated notes on Indian church history according to MSS. written by Rev. J. Gausdal. Outline of the history of our mission, the.c. M. S. the Church of Scotland Mission and others workin.g among the Santals, with special emphasis on the life and work of the pioneer missionaries. Dogmatics _ Class discussion based on Kullli.. :t;tlthi from page 152 to the end. Selaoted portions from' B&"V'. R. Rosenlund's MSS. with dictated notes.

54 44 rhe SANT.A.L MIsstON OF THE NOR'1'HERN churcititis. ~':'".~. History of religions ~ Dictated notes on Islam. Homiletics ~ Dictated notes selected and translated ~rom Rev. Froberg's textbook on Homiletics ( Hindi ). During the first term ~ Weekly yillage preaching. During the second term the students prepared weekly written sermons, which were discussed and corrected in the class. Practical theology: We have gone, through Bishop Azariah's book Christian Giving. Instruction and practice in keeping congregational returns and accounts. Practice in sunday school teaching and the use of audo visual aids, Flannel graphs etc., The Church rituals and the new constitution of our church have been studied and explained. The students have also conducted Sunday services. English: We have gope through the major part of the Reader for class VIII,' with translation, conversation, grammar and simple composition. In singing our aim has been to teach all the students and their wives all the melodies in our hymn book, and in addition we have had weekly choir practice. The students and their wives have as usual in turn conducted the morning devotions ip. 'which all on the mission compound have taken part. They have also ha.d the privilege of attending the monthly meetings for the workers in the district. sharing in the spiritual fellowship and learning from their experience in the actua.l work in the congregations. Oocasionally we have had social gatherings with singing, music a.nd discussions on topics of interest for Christian workers. The teaching of the wives of th~ students has been ca.rried on as last year with regular instruction three periods a day except Saturday. In addition to their 'own class work they have this year all attended the men's class in church,history and dogmatics.

55 EIGHTY-FOUR'l'iI ANNUAL REPORT. 45 During the year we have been happy to have following visitors: In January Rev. J. D. Asirvadam from Tambaram togethe.r with Rev. Horlik of the D. M. S. visited the school and talked to the stndents. In August Dr. Hagen took a day off from his heavy work in Mohulpahari and lectured fer several hours on hygiene, diagnosis and treatwent of the most common diseases. And in September our secretary and his wife spent a Sunday with us, Rev Helland preached at the church service and both talked to the students at a social gathering in the afternoon. We are happy to add that the new year will see the hospital moved to Mohulpahari, and the Divinity School will then during the hot season be moved back to Benagaria. We rejoice to think that there, in addition to the private quarters evacuated by the hospital staff, we will be getting a fine school building with So great null bel' of rooms just standing.ready to be filled with busy school activities, with the fine chapel in the midst. In Benagaria we will get valuable and much needed addition tv the teaching 8taff, both Rev. Gausdal and Rev. Glad have already promised to help as part time tutors, and plans are being worked out for the further development of the school. In closing this short report we want to express our sincere thanks to all friends, out here and in the homelands for help and encouragement, for continued support in prayers and gifts. ALVHILD & A. E. STRONST.AD. KAERABANI SANTAL HIGH SCHOOL. The year marked the 40th year of our Mission's schools work here at Kaerabani. The year also witnessed the inauguration of the Indian Republic, a long sought-for occasion for the peoples of this sub~continent.

56 46 THE SAN TAL MisSION OF 'I'HE NOR'fHERN CHURdHKS. With the adoption of the new curriculum, the Bihar Government has made a change in the educational program which will and is meeting a great fundamental need. The villager who previously was afraid of sending his son to school because it meant losing him forever as a worker on the land, is now finding the school to be a place where physioal work is given a11 InnolJrable position. This is not only theoretically true, b:.t 1rratically so also, according to our experiences here-a L: 't):)y thing inde,ed to be able to report. As a result of r [lis, t be demand for education is going to increa8~ h years to come by leaps and bounds, and good schoo:,3 will have no difficulty in finding sufficient numben: Jr st,l(lents The total number of students in 1950 wa,:; 53') I indudlng those of the Lower Primary, High, anj.: lemelltj.ry Training Schools. THE HIGH SCHOOL In classes VIII to XI, there were 125 students, and in classes IV to VIr a total of 215. for a grand,total of 340. The following table shows statistics with respect to the various religious groups represented ~ Class Santal Santal Other Hindu Moham. Total Total Chris tn. N on-christn Christn XI X IX VIII VII !>3 VI V IV Total In the Matriculation Examination, of the 13 Candidates sent up 7 passed, 5 fa iled, and one had to' drop out on a..ccount of illness. 3 of the 7 successful can di4& tel ma.de Znd Division, the others made 3rd Div'ision.

57 EIGH'I'Y.. FOURTH ANNUAL REPORT 47 In April we w&re happy to get the sel'vices of Mr. Benjamin Murmn, who is doing a very fine work in rebuilding the school band a.nd choir. Mr. Prafulla K. Dutta, who had been sent to Training Snhool together with Mr. B. B. Hasdak' in 1949, did not return to Kae.. rabani after completing his training, much to our disappointment. Mr. Hasdak' returned in April but left at the end of the school year. The prospects of keeping highly trained teachers on our staff at regular scaled wages are not very hopeful. Situated as Kaerabani is, 20 miles from the nearest town where salary is the only sourse of income for a teacher, it is not financially favorable to those who. can earn more in the bazaar areas. We were able. however, to secure the services of Mr. Nathanial Hasdak', who had been studying under Mission College Stipend for the past 2 years. We have also signed Mr. Manasi Tudu. another Mission Stipend recipient. who will begin work in January, The Old Boys' Association held its meeting at the school In October, the last one hav:ing been in Rev. Helland joined us one day, to meet with many of his former students. Rev. & Mrs Helland presided at the annual prize distribution celebration at the close of the school term. The School was visited by the Inspector of schools, Bhagalpur Division, and the District Inspector of School, S. P., Dumka, in November. Government: grant in aid has not been received as yet, but we expect orders to be coming before the end of the financia.l year, TEACHERS TRAINING SCHOOL Mr. Joseph Minz, the "Grand Old Man" of Kael'abani, has been given more than his share of problems as lea.der of the Training. School. ~ithout more than a roughly sketched outline of a syllabus, he has had to fill in the gaps as best he could in order to make ~ well-ro,"qded course of study. InadditiQn to the va~u~

58 48 THE SANTAL MISSION OF THE NORTHERN CHURCHES. syllabus given by Government, books for the course were not available, which only added to the confusiori. Nine boys completed the year, however, and were found fit by the Deputy Inspector of Schools, Jamtara. who came And examined them in both theoretical and practical cla~ses in December. Special thanks are due to M:r Minz for his fine work under these special difficulties. Until Government comes forth with more definite plans for the type of training school that we have been running in Kaerabani, we are advising that we close this school for one year. Having been informed now, at the close of the year, that the students of 1949, who have been in practice teaching work during 1950, are not to return in 1951 to complete their training, we feel that to take another group of new students in for the first year course is not advisable. The original planb, as understood by us. were that students are to take one year's training, go into practice teaching during the second yea!. and then return to complete the training course in the 3rd year. We hope that they will not have to remain in practice teaching more than 2 years, but until definite plans a re received from Government we think it in advisable to take in more new students. LOWER PRIMARY SCHOOL. Here too we are finding the llew syllabus tobe very beneficial for the teaching program. "\Vith several hours daily for handwork classes, the 8cho.ol was able to have a very good garden. The garden wall is being covered by the students with tiles made in the High School pottery class. and the boys in the school are now work-: ing hard to dig a well within the garden. Attendance has been good, even though a record 190 students were on the roll. This year's grant-in-aid has not as yet been sanctioned, but we have been inforliled by the Sub-Inspector. J amtara, who visited the school recently, that sa-nction will be given spon.

59 HOSTEL. EIGH'rY-FOURTH ANNUAL REPORT 49 The number of boarders is gradually decreasing, mainly we think because so many new Upper Primary schools have been started by the Mission, and also because the Government has started several new high schools in the areas from which so many of our boys used to come. There were only 120 hostelers during the year, whereas we have room for about 225. Dr. Hagen examined the students in January this year, and helped us generously whenever help was need at Benagaria Hospital. Thanks to the good work of our two compounders, the medical work among the boys was well taken care of, and threatening epidemics in the vicinity were held off. As there were only a few boys who responded to enquiries concerning Confirmatio~, it was decided to wait until the new year to begin the Confirma.tion Class instruction. Several boys yet unbaptized have made... enquiries, we are praying that they may clearly hear the voice of the Holy Spirit and be led to his Kingdom. The opportunities given to us in this place are indeed beyond measure, may God open our eyes and hearts that the best advantage may be taken of these opportunities. MARY AND HAROLD N. RIBER. MAHARO GIRLS' SCHOOL. I shall review briefly the work of the year. At the opening of the school for a new year we always hope th~t we may not have too much illness among the girls. But we are not always spared. In the first week of Februaryan epidemic of influenza came among us, and.put almost all of us to bed for a few days, 7

60 50 THE SAN'fAL MISSION OF THE NORTHERN CHURCHES. as many as at one time. And we were all kept busy caring for the sick. Fortunately most of the teachers were spa.red, so the school did not have to close. But in the midst of the epidemic Miss Rein came down with it. and Miss Kari Ringheim from Karaya came to our assistance. One of the girls in c1. II caught double pneumonia and passed away. That was a hard blow to her parents and to us, but we know she has gone to her heavenly home. After the summer vacation the health of the girls was extremely good, and our sick. room was kept closed most of the time. But in the middle of August Miss Rein developed typhoid so both Miss Ringheim and Miss G. Clausen were called in to help us. When we now look back u~on those critical days, our hearts are full of praise to our heavenly Father and our fellow missionaries who brought her so safely through. We opened the year with 214 girls. Of 22 girls who appeared for middle examination, 20 passed. 1 girl got the U. P. schoolarsh,ip. We had 17 students in the Training class-the result of their final examination is not yet known. On the second Sunday in N 0- vember 20 girls were confirmed in our church. As usual Rev. B. A. Helland and our Santali pastor conducted the confirmation service. And many of the girls' relatives visited us that Sunday. May the girls be true to Him whom they promised to follow! There were some changes in the staff. Mrs. Marynila Soren took over the Training class. and Miss 80ebalini Besra became the class teacher of c1. VII. Miss Basra is also the Captain for our Girl Guides, and has been of great help during the year assisted by two other teachers. Every Sunday morning there has been conducted Sundayschools in Santali and Bengali for our smaller girls and children from the nearby villages. The Training class girls and 2 of our teachers have been in charge.

61 EIGHTY-FOURTH ANNUAL REPORT. 51 One of the teachers Miss Blandina Hemb!om was not in good health during the last 3-4 months of the year a.nd had to leave her work before X-mas. And I am sorry I have to report that so far there is no sign of improvement in her health. May God keep her in perfect peace! We all stand by her in our prayers. As I look upon the days and months passed in our work here I cannot be thankful enough to the teachers for their faithful work through the whole year and for the good fellowship we have had together. Before I close I must mention two blessed events for wich we are very thankful to our heavenly Father. For a whole week we had 2 meetings each day when Mr. Joseph Marandi from The Childrens Special Service Mission visited us in February. It was a great joy to have this young Santali evangelist in our midst, and for the first time the preacher from that mission was able to speak in Santaii to the girls, and that we ap;>reciated very much. And we believe the word of God gave new life and courage to some girls. The second great event of the year was the women"s meeting for Dumka Circle held here in Maharo in October. In that meeting our teachers took a very active part as speakers, and our girls sang and had invited all the women to our school hall where they had a program one afternoon. In connection with this meeting we also had the unveiling of late Miss Elisa beth Jha's photo in our school hall. It was her old Training class students who contributed to this intending to preserve the memory of the beloved teacher. It was a great joy to all of us that so many women and young girls also attended the meetings fol~ 3 days, and at the service in our church on Sunday morning we had the biggest ga.thering of women we have ever seen here in QUI' congregation. These women~s meetings once a year seem to grow steadily, and it is our hope and prayer that the blessing of these meetings may be

62 52 THE SAN TAL MISSION OF 'l'he,northern CHURCHES. felt in the homes scattered about in distant villag~s. And the same we hope may be the fruit of our work among the girls here in our school-good christian mothers and teachers helping the weaker ones on their journey through this world. I do want to thank our faithfull friends in the homelands for their support, prayer and love. EDLE SIGURDSEN. BASETKUNDI MIDDLE SCHOOL. This year has seen a great change in our. Middle school. The troublesome days at the beginning of :t he year ended with transfer of most of the teacher personal and for the' first time since the start of the Middle School we got a qualified Headmaster. Three of the teachers were new ones just having finished their first year teachers training course at Ka.erabani. But as far as we can see we have experienced a continnual progress and all the boys of the seventh class came through in the final examination. The spiritual atm<;>sphere in the school has been more satisfactory than any time in the past. It was veryencouraging when some of the boys came and asked for Bible meetings every afternoon and we really had a good time and a spirit of prayer prevailed. One of the boys asked for baptism and another was confirmed. There has been great request for New Test. And the day they arrived we sold more than 20 and it was not long before all were sold out. The boys care for~ the school garden has shown inprovement since they each have their own spot to look after. We tried to encourage the boys and the teachers to have a sale for the school at the end of the year

63 EIGHTY-FOURTH ANNUAL R~PORT. 53 and we were not disapl>ointed. The women had been busy with their needles and contributed it hereby not least to the final good result. What gives us some trouble not only in the rainy seasone but also at the time of repair are the many straw thatched roofs. They are expensive in repair. and do not last long. One new building for the Headmaster has been built and one of the Dining Halls has been rebuilt with capro] roof. We will have to change most of the roofs in this way as it in the long run will be saving of money. But our supreme task is to help these fine boys to serve God and their country. We thank you for remembering us in prayer. PETTER RINGKJOP PEDERSEN.

64 WORK IN BENGAL. NIMf\.SARAI BENGALI WORK. Pastor Maharaj Bhandary writes: The mission work was somehow kept going throughout the year of rrhere are at present some centres of work or congregations under this mission station, and there is a preacher to look after the work in each place. Through them the Gospel has jn 'a way been preached in a good many places. But owing to such causes as various kinds of trouble in these districts during the year, great scarcity and much distress and hard tiii1es in general. it is to be regretted that there was hardly any ingathering at all from the ranks of the non-christians. Only one adult was baptised. In addition there were six bapt.isms of children of Christians. As the congregations are very scattered with great distances in between it also proved not possible to hold a Communion service every month at all places. On-an average 5-6 such services held during the year at each of the congregations. So far there had been not a single brickbuilt church building in the whole of this "middle field But it is a matter of great rej,oicing that mainly through t'le efforts of Rev. H p. H..K;ampp during the first months of 1950 a large and beautiful brickbuilt church was cons' tructed at Nimasarai Mission. The church was dedicated in the month of May. On the day of consecration some people took part in the service and celebration I on that festive occasion. In addition we had a small hospital working at Nimasarai Mission under Dr. E. Hoilund. This hospital was doing really a most valuable work and its usefulness was steadily increasing. Very many people from all over the district were getting help and relief

65 EIGHTY-FOURTH ANNUAL REPORT 55 from this small hospital and were appreciating it highly. During the month of May Rev. Kampp and Mrs. Kampp had to leave the district going on a short furlough to their home country. In spite of thir by the grace of God we were enabled to keep the work going throughout the rest of the year. The boys hostel and the primary school of Nimasarai mission also continued regularly during the year in the usual way. I need not add much to this, since the main parts of the activities in this district have been briefly mentioned above. A word may be added concerning evangelistic work among women as an explanation of its omission above. It is decidedly one of the most neglected and also one of the most needed branches of our work. It is more than seven years since Miss Malmstrom was transferred from this district. And after her we have had no lady missionary for work in the district among the women. During 1950 Mrs. Bneholota Khan has mostly been all alone in trying to do w ha t little she could in this line. The District of MaIda is progresing in many ways. The new Government has seen the need for that and have planned for it in many respects. It is true, there is much delay in carrying through all the plans. Government also is beset with many difficult problems. Still changes are coming gradually. For instance a number of new good roads are being built, rail way lines and bridges are being surveyed. As they take shape, com munications are being revolutionized in the district. Already a great number of bus services are plying all over the district during the dry months. After a couple of years more they may be able to run all the year round. My Church His Lory in Bengali had been out of print for some time. During 1950 a new edition was printed and is being sold by the Christian Tract and Literature Society of Calcutta. Also the second volume

66 56 THE SANTAL MISSION OF THE NORTHERN CHURCHES. of my c' Sermon Helps ' in Bengali were printed and publibhed during the year-just out by the time we left for Denmark on furlough after spending some time in Calcutta to see both the books more speedily through the pree!~. The Training School for Bengali preachers had to be closed while we were in Denmark. H. P. H. KAMPP. MURSHIDABAD DISTRICT. When we shall review the work in Murshidabad in the year 1950, it is first of an with the assurance that the Lord himself has been with us. In spite of real difficulties and sometimes also mistakes from our side we have experienced His wonderful love and blessings. One of the ha.ppenings that gave us new courage at the' beginning of the year when things app.eared most unpleasant and mischief-makers stirred the congregations up against us. was a new revival amongst our evangelists. And although their eagerness is variable, we can feel that in each one of them there is a keen interest to lead the. Christians forward in the spirit of J ssus Christ. And with frankness they are preaching the gospel to heathen Santals, Moslims and Hindus when they go out into tire villages. The bengali elder took some of the young, boys of the community along whenhe went out preaching in the hot season. Such " outings" do good for young Christians. The co'uple of families that stopped coming to church last year have not yet showed any signs of return, and consequently their names have been dropped from the list of membership. By bribes and the like they also have bee-n able to confuse a 'couple of other families. But except for that the Bengali Christians have come to a closer fellowshipi

67 EIGHTY~FOVRTH' ANNUAL REPORT. 57 One factor that has.helped to create a new anticipation lin the group is that some Bengalies in Bhopki ItOI' situated about 9. miles north of Itore Mi:;;sion, are approaching Christianity. Two brothers who are teachers in the.:government school of the village got a copy of the new testament from one of our Santal evangelist about 3 yearr ago and ha.ve been convinced of the truth. Now the,two brothers, los well a.s their families are prepflring for baptism, and we hope~_~o get a new little congt'egation there in the comtng: y.ear. From other parts of the district too we are getting,invitations to preach the gospel. About 25 to 30 miles south of ItoTe is a village of families of low caste Hindues who ask earnestly for instruction to becorile. Christians. but we have nobody to send. As far as the Santal work is concerned, we have the same bitter experience that we cannot SU1)port sufficient workers. In. Sohordanga village near Dhitpur in Burdwan the headman of a village of 20 families begs for instructi0n for himself and his village. So far we have not been able to do anything more than give him a promise which we have not kept. except for the regular visits to Dhit- 'pur and Bidyanogor of our pastor in Beldanga. Peter. Murmu. However, the Ch:urch Counsil has promised to give us a pastor.particularly for that area which is situated about 100 miles from Itore. Here in ItOI' we had to dismiss the two teachers of the Santal School at the beginning of the year because of demoralizing work among the Christians, and we hav~n't yet managed to get a new teacher. And' the heathen. villagers around are asking for school. The Itore Santal congregation had from previous years sunk down in\1io sins and,errors. lnorder to straighten some of the ~isery a couple of families had to be put out of the Christian community, and then suddenly the change -came. Peace and Christian fellowship was felt.instead of.quarrelling and unfriendliness. 8

68 58 THE S.A NT.A:L MISSION OF THE' NORTHERN CHURCHES. The new Sa"ilna} church at Sagaghutu hftis not yet been dedicated:. Also at that place the m~ssengers of satan had been making trouble, but it has eleared~ u-:p, and we have stiu the promise that J eth&. T'udll' will give the house he' has baht himself as a. gift to The Indian Church. In Beldanga a fallen Christi&D had sought as8ocia..tion with a catholic missionatry from Berham pore. The latter came to Beldanga a eouple of times with th.e hope of getting some kind of work started. But as he was thoroughly fooled on an appointement with the- said fallen Christian, he at once withdrew. In Belda;nga two young santal ~oys are receiving instruction {-!)r ba-ptiam. Thinking of the direct medical wo>rk 1ft the villa.ges, there has been done very little this last year on account of the congregational work occupying the missiona.ry's time and partly because of illness. But the dispensa,ry in the missioncompound has had a number of outpatients. At the beginning of the year the courage, was: about to fail many timas when we looked at how tile evil one seemed to stifle the Christia n attitude of the congregations. But still the Lord. ha.s wonderfully guided through the diffieulties so that we can start the oow year with a fresh hope for the work in" the, distriet. Let us pray for workers who can lead the seeking lambs in to the heart of Jesus Christ. YOURS GUDRUN AND lijalmar KVAM. SURI & SOUTH BIRBHUM DISTRICT. More tha.n three years ago, almost simlllta;neol1$ly with the plan of a Mission Station at Surl, this unit of a comparatively new work of the Mission- was given the status of a sma.ll ecclesiastical district and rmttl'ed., Suri-Bolpur" Bengali distl'iat~ comprising the wo'tk

69 EIGH1\Y...fFmURXH ANNUM.. REPORT. 59 a.tsuri pl'qper :and in ~the Nlgion to the ea.st and sotttih~e&'st Qf Su!J"i.a;s far a.s Bolpur-.., It was, however, ff.j.utld.outa-fter a y..ear or '80 tha.t Bolpur would not be 8I!J1a\ilabie lor our :work in the future, a.nd so by action of a 'sa"bsequen:t 'weeting <0f our District Church Council, lleld dtl'ring 1950, this field of work was renamed " :SO-U"tb... Bi:rbhum. "'district, a.nd the boundaries between our two ~cclesiastica,l districts in Birbh UID were also Dea:1igned. :Since this is my :first report of the work. I have taken the privilege of adding the name of t4 Stni " to the helilidi:mg so as not to confuse our readers. At ~he time this r&por.t is written, the Methodists are in full possession,0'f their 'work at Bolpur, and hence, nothing of :the w-0l'1k that was done 'by us has been mentioned herein. Aside from the.intensive work that was needed to be dade for the congregation at Suri, regular work of ministration was carried on in, at least. two outstations, namely, Iml),dpur and Monpur. Several visits were also paid to our own church membe.rs at Bolpur and Hetampur. The only Christian family in the last-named place having recently lost their supporting family head, moved elsewhere for a living. During our first year at Suri several visits were also paid to a partly-christian family in Ukhra Collieries, beyond the river Ajoy. to give instruction for baptism to the rest of the family. After Rev. Lande mov:~d lto Suri this family was given over to him. Duringta.e y~ar 1950 Seven children of Christian pm'&nts were b&ptised,a'nd five young people received Oo~firll16tion on 'Ea-stel" 'Day when Rev. Hell-and was wifth us. The total -number of ChriBtians in the district is slightly ~ver 150. This does not include the number of 'irregular. Chr.istiansof other de~pminations and ra06s whq come to w-ork for the Mor Project of Suri for short spells, or as contract labourers. A regular SUlld~y Sohool is conducted for Christian children -with

70 60 THE SANTAL,MIS8ION OF l'he NORTHERN CHURCHES. an average attendance of 20' pupils~.and efforts have.. been made with part. succe.ss to carryon a Bible C~asB on Frid~ys for the young -people. T.he,. family Pr~yer~ Meetings on Wednesdays have been kept U:pwith a: fairly good attendance. The total collections and offerings for the year amounted to Rs.366/12j, out of which are met all expenses of repairs, upkeep"and maintenance of the old church building. and.also of the burial ground. According to the decision of the Synod,. the_ E. E. L. C. n'ow has the use of the "All Saints' Church a at Suri (the ex-anglican Church, or m,ore commonly known as th~ "Red Church" -> where regular services are ah~o held for the congregation on alternate Sundays- This happens to be one of the many,,church buildings which were being maintained by the government during the British regime. Unfortunately, there came a season of prolonged and continuous sickness among some of the Christian families in Suri last year. and a good deal of our time had to be spent in visiting the sick and helping them in their distress. We were very thankful that all recovered, and no lives were lost. In the carrying. out of the various responsibilities and duties of this pastorate, I am indebted to my co-worker, Jadunath who has done a good and faithful work. Owing partly to the expenses involved and partly. to the dearth of Christian boys, our so-called., Boys' Hostel" 'las not started to function yet, except when we had the workers here for short or long R~fresher course,s and for m.onthly11!ee;ltinge! etc." but we hope: that in the course of..:8, year o.r ~two.. thai'e. will,.gr:-ow up and come a -sufficien,tnu~b~r; pf 'boys of l1igh scttopl. grade from our Christian homes.to ~nable us to_.m~ke; a start in this direction.- We are sure that no one. would dispute tile utitity of ~ good Christian Boys'. Hostel' in this town of growing importance. 'The work of editing our only Bengali church.periodic~ll, "13ongo-Bondhu " has also taken i1. c.onsiderable

71 ~. : ~' :.: J,- '. ~ " :- " - EIGRTY~_FOURTH: ANNUAL REPORT. portion- -'of :my :.,tiine,and-. in"' -spite r of the. ma.ny difficuit ties, "wewere happy to.have been able' ~ publish the pa-pet fairly( i'egulany during As some of our 'friends know well, the work in Surf has Dot: been '.and is notel\sy by any'id&ansj and in all_oul'_.weakn~sses and short,comings we feel the cpnstant nee~ 'of your sup.pqrt in prayer. We cannot, however, close_:.this report._witho~t. expressing our deep gratitude' to Rey. Llinde a'nd family:. for all their help, sympathy and. co-9peratt'on in the, ;work. We are also 'thankful to all our' other Jri~nds. both out here and in the homelands, who have supported 'our work by their prayers and gifts. Particularly.,,do we remember with gratitude the; little' and big friel)ds in U. S A. who encouraged us in our work Jamo.ng the childr.en here with gifts of. books and pictures. May God's richest blessings be and rest upon you all! Above all we thank our Heavenly Father who hath sust'ained and strengthened us in all our joys -and sorrows! Yours in humble service, KUMUD R. & JOY M. GHOSK. BIRBHUM NORTH. :,'. ~ War. ~,wide _._door for effective w?rk has opened to me," ~nd,the.re are _ many adversaries."- These '~ords from our H-oJy Bible we must remam-' b~~:,wh~n,we. ~r~" r~cailin5 ~ an the small and big ~vents d'ri~ihg ibe':1~st' 'year: of work... ~:.:W~ ha.:ve :- had th.e blessing to s~e a few new ones. be add-ed 'to Qllr congregations, and we tha.nk God. On~ of th.~m, a very old man, -ID:oved ov.erto Tilaban,i, 8ahtal Parganas, and became baptize~. there. Not very long time aft'er.'he died. He ha.d h~en' :working' hir' seve"raj.. Missiona.ries as early: as -in SkrefSi."ud days, and -, i

72 '6t 'THE SANr-Al. )VmSmN >01' l1ij1e lcootjierjlchurches. h~& D.eMd 'Hlllleh -a.bwt ChmstiaDity.. Du~the iaat Ye8.T -he t\s.d got Borne mor.e i1llstilltuotti~ So 'at fut he gave himself to the La-rei.Jesus,Ohri8t who bad locv.m hiro.,so much and -had been aopa..,ti~nt. The oongregation among 11he shoemaker ew!i'be in Borth Birbhum is sthi (~ing tw.eu, due >to the gtciyfilo care 'add help wh~ch th&1~ tr-u~ pr~acb8lr.bhage.'han fiats is giv.. ing. But there a're many - itliteratesanti poo!' am6bg them, so Bhagaban need,s a special gift a.:nd ;hiessidg flo gu1.de -ana 'help them. The evening sohool thwe;is new a permanent ar'ra'llgement -.wit1h Bhagaib&ns :brotbe:r 8tS tea CR-e r. H-e is also a parttime pr.ea.chet' in 0ne of the villages after Suren Oas died. 'Th.e e\teniog school s'sems to ;be a -good 'he1p bof1'h i'b educatiod and teaching ~he Gospel :for poo-r -chil8: ren and gr,own "-lp w'ho are not 8t~le to' attemdthe day school. Mrs. Dassi, the bible woman a tmura.voo has.bee-a in N arainpur fo~ training the most of this. yea-l", and in that way,g.he has,nat l'been able to do so much work at MU'raroi~ But M rs. Biswas the, widow of Rev. Biswas has this year been teaching the village women in Dumorgram both in sewing, reading and christianity. At N alhati the small oongregation has been going on well. Our humbl~ and faitbfnl pastor there, Rev. J. J. Das is doing a good work. But also this year he has had to tak~ all the pastot duti-es in ItOI' tbesides his own,'': and that 'is too much. We havehs.d!lome a_p.p;r(>.~_c.hing among his ownca.ste people not far'.from IS' a.,lhati. S0.111~ of them have fjtked for more instruct-.ion~ There are also other YOU~g Hindus Md UJusliJ;l,'ls among whom there seems to be hopeful prospects. But'their ownsoci~ty8:nd family make "big and 'iilicnltobsta.cles, S~ they need to be speciajiy ~me.mheded lin :pra;yer.. In April this year Mrr. Atul B;iswas came to Rampur-hat ~nd b:j wo'rking there as a preacher. Before th~t he iw6is.pjoea.cher at. B.!3nlltgal'.ia. RO~J>jta.l,alld dja a 'I"

73 EJGB'fY -IOURT B ANNUAL REPOOfl!.- 63 r-eal goof! work there, f<jr yealfs. Tlte' wo!l.!k at Rampmthat has rather been a little hard amd still is so. But w. pray and h.ope that the eodgl'ega,tion: there ma.y get a time of blessing and, that the new preacher may be used in the Lord's service. NBlnHDJf)Ul" has been witlieut any: preacm-r since Ram Konai bad- to leave: the' w ork. One teachep, SWl1en P~asa;Et,. has been heliping with the, Sunda.y. serv.ice 00- sid<es Hie tab-hing w.&rk i'b a vihblge nea.r by. Bu.t we &-re h!9ping to send Stl-ran Pra.sM f0-r train~ng4' So we are lsaly in grea-t. need ior- a good preach-er at Na l"ainphr. Also this year we had a group of girls a.nd one, boy confirmed at Narainpur, and it was a blessing to have them for Confi'rmation. Besides the regular meetings at the station we have tried to come in closer contact with people in two or three vil'la.ges west of Suri. And the- people have been listelling very eagerly. This year we have not been able to have regular workers meeting every month, due to the expences. But we have been thankful for wllsit we' have got through the few gathel'ings' we' hane had~ The preachers and p~stc'? ~ed, realy both help and encou'ragemem for their ve-ry difficult and responsible t'csk, to carry the Gos-pel round to the villages. Please remember them iu yo-at' pray'a? Ia the DilDy season- we lli;aa Ii. :Bible (Dourse in Suri for young prea.chers. Six of the stu<ieflts almost finished the first part of the prea-cher course. It. was a great joy to see how eager the studehts went in for the studies. Also this yea.'r we' ha.ve been' out camping in the district. It WS$ very encomagmg and gave us good 0f}pMtumty foo! coming into closet cqntact with the people bo,1i jarid!, 'the da~ arlel evening hours.

74 64 THE SAlfI'AL- MISSION OF THE NORTHERN:CHURCHES. A big -hindrance for; the "work has been the lack of hymn books and Bibles. But -now we have New Test~ments and also some copies 'of the whole Bible for sale,,and a new hymn book -is also under preparation. The work in Bengal is not easy. But we have seen that ~God is working -also here arid we know that the,sa.lv~tion is fat them too. Let us "pray that God may giant us a" revival first: of all among our christians,so that the non-christia.ns may meet and see the strength from the Cross. and b~come drawn,toward Him who is the only 0ne; who can save the people from sin and give peace. At last we want to say that we owe great' thankfulness to God for all his blessin'g and grace ~ho granted us to stay in this work. And we will convay, our sincere appreciation to all you dear friends at,' home who "have been c.oope,~ating in prayer a.nd work. Yonr in His service KIRSTEN AND PEDER LUDY. LANDE. WEST DINAJPUR & MALDA AND EAST PAK1STAN S.ANTAL WORK, "A Leader- T~~kles hard problem,s with a rellish, likes 'them tremep~~>u8iy. Tries to learn something new every day" about his work. 'Finds valuable lessons in, mistakes and fa.ilures. Welcomes criticism as'a mean to self improvement!',( "Leadership Stu~iesjU Methodist Publishing. H~use. LUcknow. ) "For w.eare his w~)l'kmanship, created in Chdst.l Jesus unto_ good works. Ef. 2, 9.

75 EIgHTY-FOURTH ANNUAL REPORT.' 65 The. Santals sometimes' reminds one:,if you really set yourself on doing right and good work, you will ha ve lots of trouble! Everyone of our 82 Santal coworkers here in the Middle Country would admit this t o be the truest statement ever made, applying it to the work they themselves are engaged in here in these districts of North Bengal. In these areas of 6000 square miles, these good Santal preacherr and teachers and pastors do know the distances. Still they have found it hard to understand why the missionary not more frequently finds time to meet with them. But during this past year again they h~ve learnt a lot. They have also :realized that this is in fact a bit too much for one missionary to cover. And they have revealed an admirable patience in wai~ing their turn for workers meetings in their respective areas.. They have also understood, most of them, why increased strictness har been urged on them with regard to payments and other 'account' matters. And have earnestly shown the attitude of cooperation in order to make administration possible. We are thankful to them for all this. And also in' the light of the words quoted above, we are thank': ful to God for the work and the field entrusted to us here. N at that it al ways is possible to "like" the problems, but the year in review has provided abundantly for "... hard problems to tackle" And also for opportunities to "learn something new every day about this wo'rk. And further for" "-valuable lessons in mis':' takes and failures,"-and finally also for "criticsm" to be accepted" as a means to self improvement"' For in the midst of all this, we have had to remember that "-we are his workmanship, created... for goc>d. works".9

76 66 (. i'l'he SANTAL M-lBS~ON OF/THE 'NOR.'l'HP!RN' '-emm.ohes. It 'has been a" yeaf'markedwith a.nxi~ty' and distress)' and.'suif.erings f-or.' thousands' of people in these tdist.,;: ricts. The tremendous refugee movem&nt; gone down 'in historr ' as oj}e of, the saddest events ever occurred in Bei,igal~ did to some extent call also on. our attention; an4 $~ppprt., Especially up north in the Din~jpur are~t for, sp III e, time in March and April, when,~he rush,into west' Dinajpur was at its highest. The control at Hili, on~ of t~e main gates betweel;l"west B,engal and ~ast PaJ~i$tan,. witnessed in a few dj),ys an e,normous pouring in,'9,(.s~ntals ev~cuating from E. Pakistan.. And at N 8p~~yanpu,r. Miss~on,midway between Hili and Balurgh~G,town" we kept a Santal Refugee. Relief Carol> w.orking )~:r ~ QOUpla' of: weeks. trying hard" to' give a few day~! sh~lter and food to as many as. possible of. these ho~~less' wandering crowds on their way into unknown ha~4s;hip. apd sufferings. I.T:w<>,of our oongregations in E. Pakistan, all the faqlj~ies of. which moving over to West Bengal from their bo~4e.r. areas, have settled on this side and joined Sunday Services in our local churches in West Dinajpur and' Ma.lda. Apart from these, and other two small groups of,tw.o and three fa;~ilies. the comparativ.ely few of our Ch:ri~tians, who, did move out of Pa.kistan, ha.ve-during,the ye8jr- returnedto their respective villages,. like most.. of the.: largenumberofsa.:ntals ev.a.ou~ti~g to India. It was felt jpl!perative to make inv.estigation and :findsuha.bl~ a pla. e,lor a station -for our work in that. Dominion,. as th&l'e. co:uld be no doubt tha.t such arrangement would ha.y~hto be,,,,made.,. That such a centre would hav.~ to be.,in" the. district of. Rajshahi, w.as' clear hef{)r~hand~ And over there,. in our Badhai~. :pastora te, ~ we.ha ve severa.l out-stations <?r congregations. And three or four of t~ wew 'found (to-be mote or less suitablfkli}laoes. for a. Mksi(Jn.' Sta tioo,' 'with looal Ohristian(:' comm'umities :.. and not too far from the rail way etc. After sever~t <- visits and long consideration and consultations, th~ Pa,storate Station of Badhair seems to be the ~ght place.

77 . EIGliTY-FOURTH ANNUAL REPORT ;\67 Be.dbab is. ia.part.from being.. som.a extent ~:'Mission Sta.tion lalr.eady, only 4t miles distanoe from Amnura.,,Rly. Stn.( Junction). Afterwards -we launt ~th&t the, AmDura area had already several years ago been considered, in our Mission 8,S suitable for a Mission Station for our ~Santal field on"that side. One very esse~tial part of the workers meetings 'was ; 'beooming more :and more complicated and problematic on the Pakista-n 'side,na'mely payments and accou nts, and ;thib :ledta permission from 'our.mission 'Sectetwry towaras -end of the year to gu to Rajshahi to consult'the Authorities. This was after the Bengal ( Regional) Gdn-. feren'ce had taken place at Narainpur(Birbhum) in November. Here the matter had been taken up, and the need, for a 'station for' our Mission in E. Bakistan ha.d been urged as one calling for the consideration and decision of the Representative Conference to be held in Dumka. And accordingly this was put on the agenda for the Durnka Conference in January. On the permibsion menti0ned above, the English Presbyterian Mission in Rajshahi was then contacted,with the view M gettin'g their assistance' and' opinion with regard to a) po'8sible arrangement Ifor: 'openmg"an Account in a Pakistan Bank, and b)" what J.a.ttittrde they would _take, to apetitipn from.our, Mi~s >n for ar~~gijl,g a. (station in the Amnura or Ba..~ha.ira.rea.jn.order,tp manage,.our SantalWork in, E. ::r~kie~n..~and,tha,nk.s.~~p ~ friendly &nd.understand~g. attjtuqe ';of tbe. Fr~.Yt~r~n" m~iol:la.rie.s,. at ~-RP.jB~lU" tlle.. v~it~.~~re in D~ceinber had :~p,o~tive.!e8l11t~ _;It :gaye :~d iilte)1.o'pe of permission for opez{ing a statiojl 'in that districl 'HaVing, ~tlwi;.ue~iol\ '~~ or w,ork,.'!jl tlwlrt. Sarl)t~;at. ~'w.here,we h~'1" gr~up, of,,col,lgreptiol)s (13ad~~~ parst~,.,te). '. 'they.,rev-e,a.l~d readyl}efjs', to lqt, us (e~l free ~to. op~n a station :onthat side....and.~arr~~g~men.t.-with a,:a~pk,would,., then,follow natura:lly, a.s soon as our Mission would,take steps, for a -final,;,decis~on a.nd ha ve a mi$sio- ;,n&ry;pla.ced in tha.t are&.-

78 ,68 THE S.ANTAL M1SSION OF THE 'NORTHERN CHURCHES. One event from the year in review deservlng mentionls. the 50 years Jubilee of our Mission"s Santal work up here in North Bengal. Besides' what already has been 'touched, the new Constituti'on of the native Church has naturally engaged one rather heavily. Our co-workers of course find it hard both to understand ~:nd start practicing this new Order. But all along ~hey, are being persuaded that it is high time that we ha.ve'qow made this appreciable change. A real gift to the Christian Community among us! So e;en this fact makes the year an outstanding one in the mission work also in the Middle Country. It gives a lot of hope for advancing Gods work here in.this ba<;kward field. ASTRID & HALFDAN KIPPENES. COaCH BEHAR. "Not one thing hat'h failed of all the good things which the Lord 'your God spake concerning you." J o'shua 23 ~ 14. These words, spoken many hundred years ago, were the testimony of Joshua, th~t man of God, as he 'approached 'the ~nd of his life. I doubt that 'a more iltting 'word can be found to describe our 'experiences during the year 1950,' a~d the ~arvelous way in 'w~rc" the, Lord' -ba:s fulfilled HIS' promises.... -, This- if? the first time- in.the history of-our mission work in Coach Behar that we can record more tam} :(00 baptisms during the year. How wonderfully we ha.ve discel'lled :God's '-gl'eat mercy and faithfulness. Those of us who were present during the fir~t big baptismal service in February, when 33 Garos were baptized, will not soon forget that day. Just to see

79 EIGHTY-FOURTH ANNUAL REPORT 69 the new Christians. after their baptism break down their old objects of worship and pile them up to be consumed by fire, and to see their faces lit up with joy as they sang ~ "We have entered the Kingdom o~ God." were experiences not to be forgotten. Later during the year many more were baptized, and the village has been changed into a christian village, with the new church bearing testimony of a new faith, and a new Master. On Easter Sunday the congregation at Cooch Behar gathered early ill the morning, and after a short service in the church they proceeded,to the bank of the river for a baptismal service. On this occasion.ther~ was only one. person who was to be baptized. but for those who knew what it had.cost the Muslim candidate to become, a Christian, it was a solemn and memorable occasion. For the man himself, several year of longing and waiting were culminated in this act of baptism. May' God keep and preserve, in the faith, him, and all the others who were baptized during the year. In the beginning of the year we had the joy. of having Astrid Lofgren, a missionary from China, with us for a couple of months. She contl'ibuted considerably as a leader in Bible study, during two Bible COUl'fl:es held here4!! dudng her stay. She wa.s with us also. at the dedication of the new Girls' Boarding School ;at Dinhata. Through this new boarding school, the Mission. has made it possible for Christian girls to obtain a good foundation and develk>:rrpent. This should become more apparent as the girls go out to make their own homes. The Evangelistic workers have been the same as previously reported. On several occasions the workers were together at some outstation, visiting the nearby villages and preaching the Gospel. On these occasions meetings were held every evening and lantern slides were shown. When the thousands of refugees from East Pakistan streamed into Cooch Behar, our Evangelistic

80 : ~,10 THE S~:l)fI8~fON",Q:l THE,NQRtHER~ ~HURCHES. " : lwor~rs.' llwl,., ~Gh..' ()pport;1.lniti~s.. forp,reaqhipg t~~ rpp~pel to t.h~.io, a.nd,fpr.!l)blping in th~ [v~j;iqus,refugee.. ~p. In 'November a. Ohristia.n 'Sadh'u, Wh9 came' a,:s: '. sent of God,'" visited us.' During hi~ 'visit the l C~ri~tians ha..d. new '~xperienc~s of God's' power~also j'n' the; ~ay. of physical healing, and we thank God forse~ding 'this witness into" our midst. Realizing how important it is that the children of!jtbe Christia;n: Garos :receive education. two new schools >have been istarted ifor them. We,have been able ro.find. "teachers ifortliese schools,. hut BO far we have only.two Evangelists -'working among th~se people :wbe:rethe do@rs ' foi' the 'preaching' of the 'Gospel a.ppearto:be.wide'o'pen. iit,is sa.d -to' thill'k of, the many, potential opportunities that 'ate lost because of the lack, of 'Wor-ke:rs,"amq.;we pray the ; Lord' that He will' ~nd' ont i labourers'. to 'gathet in the hatvest. Withrega,rd tq ;t4e.chrisu~ll' co,ngr~g'i"tipn,:the need of awakening and new life rests most heavily on our.hebi~ts.'wh&1t 'an influence, in the,i!lpj1eading;; of the tkingdqm of'jged in CQ()oh. Behar, it would rbe if'8v,ery IChriBtiani were a..burning witness ifof,fthe LOird. We '!8ball, continue to pr.ay. Jor this;. confident " tha.t i in.this.;:aifkl,the: Lord wiil' fttlfiu Hi.s promise.: "Pr~y; ant!..iye. shall receive.., E. -PIHLQUIS:r;.A.. wrr;,ranj;>,'e,r.

81 E,DUCAiTIO<NiAL 'WO~RK IN BENGAL EK:LAKH:I>,GIRls'S SGHOOL. It is now 10 years since Eklakhi School started, so we. could' tberafore celebrate 11f' years jubile-e this:yea.r. Th'eibeginning' here in 19'4.0; was"not'tbo gtarid.1becaus& of'the' wa.r' the' 'building' work na.~dto 'be stoppeli'"befbre completloii~ so' the: houses were tint of the very beb't. B'ut there was enough room so that 2 teachers and ti few ohildren could come' here. and"' so th~y did. T'b.'e' work starjie4,a.nd grew:. So now 10 years later we see a.crowd; of girls and,5 teachers working. The j~ngle is cleared a way and many new houses.are built. And we know tha.t the eternal word of God has been sown and receiyed by many_ There have been many changes of staff and missionaries here at Eklakhi. But we have three who have been here from the very beginning. They, are oar H.ead-mistressSara Murmu" the, So,rdar Tipu.Dass: a-nd~ the nurse. Randhon Tudu. They. have all: beenwor.king faitpfully, each onein hisor~r,pla.c~, and.;.;th~y\ha.ve gi ven all the new ones who have Qome, and gone a good example by their liv.esand. their \V,o.rk. We thank them for good service and cooperation.. I'h January: Mitis Ellen Laursen; wa.s! tranafer:rsd to Na.rainput"girls seh;onl. We wan1jto. "thankher.lor,the. work sh'ejhas done' here. When: -she wa:s tl'!&1lsflsf'rqd, I wa.s -askied to loo'k:. after t,he i so'hool' besides: ;m~y work. with the sick people...:tbis year W-8 hai~i 98 ; childten it}; the 8elbooL l1here ar~: 1120' ben:gs.liesnd' 78 n 'B&.llts:ls. 77. of the s.~nts:r hs:'ve 1,st8.y6l!li; iii the ~8.rain~"'i ' 25,: of the " chltwl'sd come, from heathen homes. But they are au l eager. lto :hea.. f,

82 72 THE SANTAL MISSION OF THE NORTHERN CHURCHES. and learn about the childrens' friend, Jesus Christ. A few of the heathen girls have ~sked their parents' permissian t.o; receive baptism In Npvember 8 -students sat fer their U. p, examination. The teachers have been a great help in the work all through the year. They have been working hard in the school, and 'they are always willing to help the children in the after-noon with different tasks. The Inspectress of Schools visited the school in April. The,- report she gave from the school was very encouraging for the teachers. After her visit we got. the Gr~nt in Aid rai!:led from Rs to Rs. 100/- a month. Th,~ teachers also receive a dearness allowance from the Government of Rs. 5/8/-, per month each. In the beginning of the year i~ seemed very difficult to get rrce s'upply for the year because of the high prices. But the District Magistrate was very willing to help, and we were give'n a good monthly quota of rice an? paddy from Government stock. We are very grateful for the help we received. The health of 'the children has been good. After we stal"ted to give preventive anti Malaria treatment the Malaria 'cases have come down considerably In May a few girls got Measles, but they au came through without complications. In February we had the great pleas sure of having a visitol' from Santal Pargana~. Miss MHde came to hold a few 'days Bible course {or the women. A few came from outside. There w:!.s not a, big crowd, but we felt the presence of God. And we believe that the course was a blessing to the women. The women corne very faithfully to our weekly m~etings. They have also been eager to ~ew clothes fot,the mela. So at the end of. the year we. have a good lot to, be sold.. _

83 EIGH'l'Y-FOURTH ANNUAL REPORT 73 The Old Students meeting was held in November, and many girls ca-me then. We 'had somev.ery good days with the g:i,rls with lbi1ble st~dy, and prayer. God worked amongst us,bind the gd-rls sa.id tliey were inspired to live a new life. Due to other work t,here has beej;l less,ti,me tp virit and talce care of the sick p~ople in the viua~e$ ro\ln~ about. In the dispensary we have had about 3000 pat~e~.ts. That is a decrease of 1000 from last year. That is also due to tlae limited time I have been able to spend in that work. Looking! back 0,0 -the year 1~50 I musl thank,.pod for his wonderful guidance and help through ~ll:_ r~ifficulties, in the work. Another year with many experiences,., r' tbat God stand by his promises. Before a new unknown year it is good to know that his promises stand also for the year At last we must give tha,aks,to G,od who ga.v.e,th-e call anel the strength needed f~r.the work. ~.also w,~~t to g.iv.e thanks to all the friends in the home.jliul5is wl1-o fa.tthfully sta-nd with us in work!cln~ prayer. May Gods kingdom come and his nam,e b,e glarified t,bro:l.lg,h the work which is being doj,le at Eklakhi. BETZYNORD-BY. NARAINPUR GIRLS SCHOOL. The year at Narainpur girls school.sta.r.ted with eo completely new staff. We therefore feared a difficult year. Looking back it has not been without difficulties, 'but the main impression is a chain of happy' events - answers to prayer - often in so direct a way that we 'ha.ve wondered. 10

84 74 THE SANTAL MISSION OF THE NORTHERN CHURCHES. One of the outstanding events of the year has been that God' has sent girla to us, who seemed to have no other helpers iii the world. They are baptized girls whose parents have died or have gone back to Hinduism. Some of them have been here previously for shorter or longer periods. When life became too hard for them the only place from where they could expect help was their old school. Again and again we have asked the question: What is our Christian duty towards these children. They have been baptized in our mission. are we not responsible to them for Christian teaching? They have come to us as children, and we have taken them into the school, but with none to pay boarding fees for them is has not been possible to help many. They have been working during their spare time, earning money for books' and clothes, and is has been a joy to see their wilingness, the change in their Jooks, and their progress in school. But the question is not settled with the few. Round about in the villages many baptized boys and girls grow up without proper Christian teaching. We feel that it is our duty to get these children into school. In October we had a "camp" here for old students. We also sent invitations to students who had attended school here for only a short time. The" camp" closed with a Sunday afternoon meeting for the people in Narainpur village. On Saturday the 'big school girls and former students, in groups had visited most of the homes in Narainpur. About 100 children and adult from Narainpur attended the meetings on Sunday. 68 students are enrolled this year. Out of this number 13 are day scholars. Many children of our Christian Bengalis are growing up in the villages without attending school. Some of our people have not yet understood the value of sending their children to school. Most of our girls are children people who have no landed property, who work as common labourers. and for

85 EIGHTY-FOURTH ANNUAL REPORT 75 most of them the boarding fees at the school seem impossible. Even at home they do not get sufficient food. This can be seen very clearly after the long summer holiday. '14 students were confirmed in N ovem ber, and one big girl was baptized. Besides the regular Sunday School and Weekly Bible meeting together with the people in the compound, the big girls had their special evening on Saturdays. I They gathered in our bungalow and a committee planned the program. Our new Boarding house was completed this year and it was a happy day when Rev. Helland, the 20th of November dedicated the house. We are thankful to God and to the friends in the home lands for this gift. We close tlie year with thanks to God, and ask for your prayers for guidance in the work. ELLEN LAURSEN.

86 MEDICAL WORK IN BENGAL. "Grant that our part in the world's life may be to make Thy Presence known to the eyes of men.'" L-oGki~ ba-ck on t-he year that passed, we thank God who bas been with us in joys and sorrows, and we thank the friends in the homelands, whp have supported this part of our mission work with their prayers, thoughts and money. ~ This Yea.r we treated a greflt variety of patients, mostly from the nearby villages. but some ha ve come from a great distance, mostly walking. The roads in this district are very bad. During the year we have seen 7, 548 out-patients, and the small primitive" ward" which was built last year has almost constantly been full of patients. A great majority of them were Kala-azar patients. We found it disadvantageous to treat patients under such primitive conditions, but the patlents rather seem to enjoy staying under conditions very similar to those in their own villages. We have no hospital cook, so the patients generally have had one of their relatives staying with them to do the cooking. Altogether we have treated 211 in-patients this year, Durjng the year the pond in front of the hospital was clez1,ned,- and that was very much appreciated by the patients. 56 outside 'calls were made during the year, most of these were to th e nearby town. In this town-old MaIda we have continued tea.ching members of the local Mahila Samity (a womens' association) midwifery. This year a course for Native Dais, according to the Government of We~t Bengals scheme for such training, was started by Old MaIda Municipal Board. We were invited to give the ne\cessary theoreti

87 EIGHTY-FOURTH: ANNUAL REPORT. cal and pra.ctical training. Ten Hindu women attended the course. aad so far i'hree of them have passed the exa mination and are now' working independently as midwives. On the staff we have, this year as the previous year, had Sunity Mondol, a senior tn.ined Bengali nurse and midwife, and Phulmoni Murmu, a junior trained Santal nurse and midwifa. They have both done fine work. T-.o Sa.ntaol patients have asked f.or instruction for baptism. May God bless what we did acca-raing to His will and: forgive our shortcomings in., making visible to the e,es of men His presence. H ELSE HOILUND.

88 DISTRICT WORK IN ASSAM. SANTAL CO-LONY. Again another year has ended, and through this annual report we are privileged to share with you friends of the Santal Mission some of the experiences we have had in the work during the past- yea;r. We have again had the experience that God is faithful, and through changing, anxious and unsettled days we found that the promise proved true; "Call upon me in the day of trouble: I will deliver thee, and thou shalt glorify me." In various part of the country there have been earthquakes, flood, famine and various types of misfortune. Here in Assam we witnessed serious disturbancea. During a period in the early part of the year it appeared that there was little respect or regard for others property, homes on of t'leir right to live. People of one community rose up against thore of another and it was painful to have to witness the looting. physical ill-treatment, and burning of homes. A stream of refugees went through the Colony for several days, and behind them the mob that was driving them increased in numbers from day to day. Anxiety and unrest filled the minds of many, also among our Christians, who were told that unless they joined the aggressors their houses would also be burned. Nevertheless the Christians remained quiet during the disturbances, and in many villages the people came together for prayer. Distress had set in and a cry of distress was heard. A prayer to God for help, refuge and protection, and this prayer wa.s heard. Church

89 EIGHTY-FOURTH ANNUAL REPORT. 79 attendance on Sundays increased greatly and a desire to hear the Word of God,- the Gospel of Peace was evidenced. Many who previously had faith in their idols and worshiped them, came and desired instruction for baptism. They wanted to become Christians they said, because we Bee that the Christians posseses something that we do not have, their example during the disturbances has impressed us. Some months later the Christians in the Colony again had an opportunity to show a Christian spirit. The people who had been driven out during the communal uprising now returned, that is some of them, but now they had no homes nor food. In many homes in the Colony these poor and hungry people found refuge and food for quite a long time. A number of those who were thus helped told me: We know why we are being helped - you are Christian, In this way quite a few were privileged to bear witness by their actions of the spirit that is the result of faith in Jesus Christ. Round about in the congregations the work has been going on as usual. The good seed of God's Word has been sown, and we have the promjse 'that it shall not return void. Men & women who in their daily lives bear witness to God's saving Grace and power, have contributed to the advance of God's kingdom amongst us. But I feel that I have not been able to give the Pastors, elders, teachers and lay workers the amount of assistance that they needed, nor have I been able to visit them as often as I would have desired. It is perhaps the ca.se with too many of us missionaries that' we have so many administrative duties that time does not suffice for supervision and encouragement in the daily tasks, as much we would like. I feel that here in the Colony we need to emphasise the need of this daily help in the work that is done by 0iur fellow workers, both men and women, in the villages. This work requires more of our interccesion. More time and strength is needed. Better pla.nning is necessary in order to be

90 80 THE SANT~ MISSION OF l'he NORTHERN CHURCHES. of Alor.e help to our co-workers. Personally I believe it ;w.o~~q. be of great importance if a Bible school eould he ~sta,blis.h_ed.w).th. short ~1)d longer courses. We must p,rq.y tha,t _~lso in this matter God wiu lead us in the rjg~t w.a.y. Our foul" Pastors a.nd ~$ p$.id ;Elq.ers ~a V~t I believe, faithfully.ca.-red for the wor~.~r:\ls~ to tae-dl. 'But it must ~lso,be said tb&t tee' work is l;>ig ~n~ t.~e iabourers few,and ex.cept foll vqluil~:ry.help s~ll lljlqr,e wol'k WQuld rest Gn these :fe:w. T~i$ y~r,~.re hav.e 'been Wi men and 48 women, (Elders~, ld Bible W01Jjl.e.n ) doing voluntary work, i. eo' work :w~tb{)ut.pay. Tb.ese an looked upon as le~1vli in the v~h~ge,.and ill ma~y piaces they have -cqutrib.uted m!~ch to tjle ~nit.y in t,4,e ~nage. Some hav.e.fllso helped by ~str' UCiti~g1i;hQSe wl;l.o have been prepared for baptism in, Ul~r ri}$-peo.tiv;e yillo.~e. In,s.~v;e~al villages we tried regular classes of J3Jpl~rea.ding with discussio.ns on subjects directly connected with the work in the congregation. In one vi Hage we were asked to study with them Luther's 'SmaH :Ca.teehi.sm, 6lM it ~P~!~ ~tq ~.q\l:ite p~lj~fi~ia.l. There w..ere :oequests for sjj;n~r A~lp {forn Itl,9re vjlla.ges ~~ft.n.. we w.e.re iible -to -visit, conside;ri~g ~,ij the c,>t,tler wq;rk :that h.ad tob~ ca~ed fqr. This year will no doabt be spec.ially ~~V,.l~m-\>,e~d &s the y&a.l" \V hen t.he OhUlOO Co.nstihuti.on w~ s ra. ~.:.fi~d and signea the so.called~',qixcle Conf~~nQes U be.g"n functioning. 13e.cause of disturbances 'here in Assam m'ost af the d~iegat.es to the Mana Sabha, w hich -was held a.t Bena. ~AJ'iaJ were una'ble to go, and for this rea.son a special J;Ileet.ing was catled 'here at Grahampu r f'or those who. had not 'b~en a.-ble to attend at Benaga.ria. At -this later,i~eeting the General Superintendent, :Rev..JoIhs. Gall8dal and two delega.tes from the Mahasabha were pj.'iese.nt. After this special meeting Rev. Gau5dal toured the Colony visiting au the congregations 8.ndsohool.and our,peo.pte showed th~ir a pprecia{ion for the visit, I>y.tlle

91 EIGHTY-FOURTH ANHllAL- REPQ&T. &It way they came out to. the ~etingb held m. tm chd.x.ah.eso. An open air meeting was also held at Ran.tzaupu,l' w.h&r.e a great number of people ga.thered, and Rev. G.&uadal and the delegate~ from the Maha Sabha spoke. We a.re gnateful fur the, visi:t and ~he me'ss~es t'htyy brought. As we I,ook back upon the year that ha..s passed, there are many experiences that make us happy. But we cannot hide the fact that there ade also maj1y thlnga that t~nd to make us sad,. Satan. is always seeking t.o~ draw souls back to his side, and destroy homes and the Christian life. and it is sad to see that some of those for whom we had hope that they would grow into strong Christian charact,ers. fall back and depart from God and the Christian fello_wship. It also appeaj:s that the temptation of drink has overcome some, and it happens- that one me-ats people of othel", races OB,) the rqad., who ofi'et' intoxicants frea. f his s&ems t,q..h.a.~e iucxwed. sin:c~ th.e rail way WSiS built th.r,gullh the ny:, with a rail way Station at SrirampUlt. There a..m also a few. of Olll" San.talfi who pre.pare- b<ulle brew for. distribution among thei;r weak br.othe.rs. In spite of the disa ppoint ments. the many difficul~ tieb, and the disturbances that, occured, we must nevertheless say that it was a good year. God' has blest' the wod", of His servants, and the "Good Seed'lI> Has born fruit. During the year 150 children of Christians parents have been baptized~ and 129 heathen be-came mem'f;ers of' the church through baptism. Through confirmation 121 new communicant members. were added to church.. We hwv.e had- 7 villa.ge scruj,ql with. iii nnw of Wit childre-n in a ttendild'o:e~ a.ndl 91 tett.ohers.. Thee' nim teachers have received their salaries. from) blm, ~lnn!m treasury. Evening instruction has heen conducted in II

92 82 THE S.ANTAL MISSION -OF THE NORTHERN CHURCHES. a number of villages, with ~lasses for boys ( cattleherds ) and adults. In two villages the people themselves have tried to establish school, without too great success, 5 Sunday Schools were conducted throughout the year with a total of 187 children attending. One of the schools was started and conducted by the \Hillage Chris. tian,s. In other places also Sunday schools, have been started. 'fhe other Sunday schools are at Haraputha, Sevapur and Grahampur. At these stations the missionaries help with the work. There is no difficulty in gathering the children, but to find a.nyone willing to lead or teach in a Sunday School is 'quite dffficult especially since this work is' expected to be done without remunera.tion from the mission or the congregations. By subscription to the congregational work, collec tions and offerings a total of Rs. 4,797/4/6 was received in the church treasury. Of this amount Rs. 1,19715/6 was co liected through 'the "handful of rice #I offering brought in by the women at their Friday ~eetings. These weekly meetings by the women round about in the villages are perhaps not always sufficiently appreciated" but the results are evident. Miss Kr0hn has also this past year conducted the womens work and we are grateful for the help she has been able to render both in a,spiritual and material ways. In the Colony we also have one Boro and one Bengali congregation. The first is supervised by the Boro missionary and the other from Mornai, by the help of Christian Bengalis and the missionary. As many as God may prompt to do so, be with us in prayer for, the work here in the Colony, Even though there may appea.r to be many weaknesses, nevertheless we find much to be,thankful for, and there are working possibilities. Weare thankful to God'" who counted us faithful puttin~ us into the ministry," a~d we desire also tq

93 EIGHTY-FOURTH ANNUAL,REPORT. 83 express our hearty thanks to all friends. who have remembered the work in prayer. to all co-workers both brown and white; and we send our thanks on, to t,he homelands where mission friends faithfully have continued in love for the work. with offerings, prayers,and intercession. God bless yeu 8011, and the work in which we have common interest. Yours in the service, RAKEL AND INGOLF HOYLAND. MORNA!. Haviug only returned here from furlough in the month of October one feels it rather difficult to write a report of the year gone by. Rev. and Mrs. Bjer.. kestrand, who were in charge here during the major part of the year have experienced the joys as well' as the disappointments, which are the two things that always go together in a work like this. In spite of all we are convinced they would. when looking back, say that the work has not been in vain. There ha's surely been many opportunities for the Gospel to be announced and the response has been felt in many instances. As regards the SANTAL CONGREGATION Pastor Jatu Murmu is still in charge. He has some voluntary helpers and in all villages there are unpaid Elders and Bible' women. All workers gather for a monthly meeting along with the church members. At this gather.. ing they report about the work in the vario,us places and share their experiences and talk about the work ahead. The MUNDA CONGREGATION has, as usual been looked after by Johon Prachar. The Mundas have church se1' vices and meetings in their own mother tongue. W~th regard to the BENGALI WORK it was decided that this should now be separated out and have its own

94 '94 rhe S~.A.L MIS-SION O-r THE ~ORTHERN CHURCHES. management. Rev. S. Jobansen, wbo is a Bengali MiFlsion &ry, has taken over this work wit'h a committee to help nlm. The intention is to build a church for Bengali speaking people at Dingdinga. which is a centraily Situated,place witb a number of Bengali Christians living 'there. This means t'hat some time. probably in th~ near future, the Mornai 'Bengali Christians may attend cnurcn services at Dingdinga. The Pauspur Church wlrlo'h Iba-s se1'\"ed the 'BeTlga l l1 congregation since 1939 will then be used for evening services only and for the 'night school of that locality. The special WOMEN~'S FRilJDiAY MEETINGS are of great importance and the offerings of the rice col1ected at 't'hese gafherings c(}ntribule materially to ''the church oiferings. Our SUNDAY SCHOOLS, there are 5 of them in various pla..ces.,: 8.l:e most encouraging. No less than 255 children are enrolled and attendanc,e has been quite fair.. ELEMENTARY EDUCA[,ION is almost compulsory at.m.oru&i., and ~Wlera.Uy the.people.appreciate the school. ills fruits oftilie.se,hool are.seen in many ways, also with r~rd to the building u,p of the church. Ther.e are 180 children in our cw.y school and quite a good number of other children are attending night schools. The 'TBA-O A.."RDEN has a'gain seen aprosperons year 'fn spite of au practical diffi-culties, of which th'ere a1'e many. Looking back on both.the practical work of the ~ garden and t.he.spiritual work of the Mornai congrepti.on$,ther.e :.is ellery rea.son to be grateful and.to.give thanks to God who has safely brougbt usthrougb ano-. ther year and has given us opportunities to proclaim b. ~= of life,ul;long;the penl'le of tbis lo.eality Wihto ne:eil it ~l' their salv.atioltl no 1188S' it'hlan 'any-eme 'else..in -conciusioll wetha.nk all our fa.ithful friends who have been helping the work wl'tb their intercess- ~QllS and.gifts,q,\1;:ling the pa.st year... INGEOORG AND OLUF,EIE.

95 'EIGln''t -?C5tJn1--H ANN'tr A~ ~PO~T 3"O'E'MA DISTRI'CrT., B&h0J..d J have set,before thee an.open door II Rev.. 3:.,s. 'These W'ortls 'hav~ rrepsa:bedly come to 'mitid dllrtil'lg t!he ia.~ yea.'r. We think 'e8p'ecian~ df the :~o:r.tu;nibies 'dii&'1'ea,to p:roc]a.imthegospel a:m&ng the ;hea;t~h&'n, '&:~d -a11 lwho have acoepted the invitation and ihave become the ch~l~h-ell of (God. We "Would tba;t more work cotllid have lheen ~hme, but we are,thankfu~ to :&1'1 who caime -f),:ne1. jerilfted the band of :God',s witnesses. In January we had ba..ptisms in Kalabari, where Ratu Pastor lives. Our old Bible woman from Joema., "Doctor Budhi" as she is called, also lives with her relatives in Kolabari. She has instructed the women.for baptism,!:los she continues in her work among the women at Kolabari. On Pa'vm Sunday 35 from the non-christian c(!)-mmunity were 'bapti~ed in Sundori jhoraoongregatio.n. Shortly after!(;i!ia't, w0>rd caine f'rom several villa:ges about midway betwee:n J oema. and Sundorijhora that they wou:ld thke Ito hea.r the Gospel. A village Manjhi'( hea.d ~ma.:n) 'w'ho lbad - bean ba.pt1ized in his youth, and later fallen away, desired to com~ back to 'Goel, a.nd he :had spok.lern tg -the peo-ple nf,hi's vihage about this. [lhe unrest and disturbances at the time had no doubt contributed to the a wakening. They had no security,and no hope. The Gospel was preached to them and they were exceptionally eager to hea.r and learn. During t.he hot ann rainy sea.son ~n EVangelist lived among the new enquirers. in each of thxee villages, where classes {.or instruction for 'baptism were started. Mongol moved to Aronpur, Arjun to Matiapara and 'Paulus to Panori. In adaition th'ey ha.d frequen't vi'slts by the Pasto'r and othel"s from J oetna and Ha.raptI'tha. But the new seekers also C'ame quite f!equently the long way to J oema to attend ehutcn. 'S&rVi0138. iev~ tim women, cartying,their small children WO'tlldeolne. :And thlmlon 'th~e :Sunft"'1-s ill N oyem

96 ,86 THE SAN1'AL --:MIsSION OF THE NORTHERN, CHUROHES ber we experienced the great event of -receiving the new.,.,,~elievers into the congregation through Baptism. 56 were bapt.ized in Matiapara. 34 in - Aronpur and 23 in Panori. At the first there were many more among those 'who received instruction, but some dropped out when the pressure from the o:;?position was felt. Many experi.enced the difficulty of opposition in their own families,- 'and were unable to overcome. Others were so bound up in _ their heathen ways and customs that they gave,up. We hope and pray that they will also come all out some day. There are now new congregation in ArQnpur and Matiapara. The Panori Christians attend church at Matiap!ua. Paulus has been stationed at Matiapara, and Arjun moves on to other heathen villages to proclaim the Good News. He seems to have received a special gift for preaching to the non-christians and leading them to Jesus. One Sunday afternoon we went to a heathen village, and there we found Arjun busily occupied teaching a group of non-christians. We did not previously know that the other would be there, but having met we continued together until evening. As it grew dark and we had to return, Arjun had to go' on to the next village where he had promised to come. It was a~ encouragement for us, and we have frequently observed that in his service for his peop~e he is unsparing of himself. May God continue to use him. Our Pastors. Evangelists and Bible women have been faithful in the work during the past year. A special season of graciou/i! visitation is felt in several places. May God's kingdom come among us in the c~ming year also. During the past y:e,ar 204 from the nonchristians, and 54 children or Christian parents wete baptized. During October Bible courses were conducted in Darrang and J oema, with approximately 30 to 40 in attendance. 21 new boys enrolled in the boarding school this year..an extra class ('4th' Class) was added. with

97 EIGHTY-FOURTH ANNUAL REPORT. 8 boyii: in the class. 5 of these will now continue in Grahampur. Altogether we had 104 boys in attendanoe. Seven village schools have been aided by the mlsslon. Now we shall make plans for schools 'in -the two new congrega tions. The number of patients at the dispensary have been fewer since the Muslims left this area. There were many of them around here and they depended more on our medicine than do the Santals. Now a few of them have returne'd. With thanksgiving for all blessing during the past year we send our greetings tomission friends and fellow workers. ASLAUG & JENS S1'URE. SANTIPARA CIRCLE This Circle is situated within the same boundaries as the area previously known as Santi para District Most of the responsibility' previously placed on the Dist rict Missionary is now taken over by the Circle Conference leader or Chairman. Nimbai Pastor has acted as Chairman for the Circle Conference during this year. The' actual appointment was made at the meeting of tpe Assam Santal Church Council held at Santipara the 25th October ( Chairman for the other Assam Santal f Circles were also appointed at that time. Two Circle Conferences were held, one at Santipara and the other a't Udalguri near Ranikbata. A new little congregation was organized the 15th November in Rani Sundari village. It is situated N ortheast of' Bengtol. A number of people are receiving instructicn for Baptism there and we feel that there is some pos~ibihty for effective work in this place. Bandoguri Congregation was surely in need of a new church.,a.nd this was built in Jhaulbari village where the Elder liyes ~ncl where -2(f heathens were bapti~ed

98 88, THE SAN~ ldission. OF lh:&. NO&TBE.RN. CHURCIJES. th1s ~~a.r.,jhaulbari church is p.erha.ps. the most at.tra.c tive of au th~ vilh,ge churches within this circle. F.q1;' me.ny y.ea;t:s a. mna.u Rom.an CaJ;hQUc~ Gong~ ga..tir:m &~ibt.e.d. near RauUtha.ta.. 'this hu, disso'lve.d.. Th6' leader and his family asked to be received in "0, our church, and the Circle conference in U dalguri agreed tct his request. One of our Elders i~ cond\reting ~urch Services- there-. A number of he a. then are being instructed fo~ bapti-sm at his place. The statistics show that 20 children of Christian parentag~ were baptized during this year. rn addition 7.Qr ~a,tjl.~n wane; ba..pti~rl.. Jrbn.ulabaJi: 2(}~ Na.gda,ibari: 8~ llda-lg.u:ri~ 1. KQela.g ~on :.,2" Ka.r.u~n;: 1. s.-nt-i~!m" 15., Ra..ni SuudllJi~. 23. There were, unfortuna-tely, no heathen ba.ptized in the Amlaiguri, Moknaguri a.nd Katribari congregations. Nimbai Pastor has made a rema rk in his report about th~ leader in one of these cqngregll.tions., thjlji he- has been pensioned. and that his he~rt is a.lso Oll. pell&ij:>n. In, Churc1t collections. a.nd otb~r offer.-ings. Re.. 13~1J /t~9' hajv;~ bean re:ceiv.e.d ~Qn~y and labour. dona.bed;in, bw14ing Eltn.d. ra:pairi ng churc ha~j and: in. the qnkee:p of s~~ has noj~ baen, inolud ed in. trhis amount. One receive,s the impression that people- in' tlhi.g. a. reb.' f~r a. greate-r need of Goa. than wa.-s tlhe cass" a.t the close, af' the wa..r and upt.il: la:st year. But there is still: old dust in the a.ir, ~nd we hope that.soon a; cle!5lnsi'hg all1l a.w.~en:ing; ra.in~sto~m may com:a. Since we a:rnfled: in India. in 1937 W& n-aftl' n~t+ npt,iced a.s g.rea. t an interest. in the Christian mes$age aji.lpnlt th~ non-christian Santals aa they; now sho.w.. l{ 0_n11 the a. wa.keni;ng comes a ntpn g< theohristianst they. would s.oon be busy instructing the ndd-christian for bapti:sm. The few qua111i"ed' workers we now have are of cour8& fully: ocoupie<it in the: wotk of insttuerng forba.ptizm. f Ma.y God drive out more la.bourers into His f h.l'\lest~

99 EI(JHTY-FOUR'l'H ANNUAL REPORT 89 GAURANG DISTRICT. Under the new c~>nstitut~on, -ywhat was :called 'the Gaurang District is now 'Gaurang Circle. one of' the four circles in the Boro area, ~ith its own circie; con ference. This implles a transition from the old -concept of the' district as the area of the dfstrict Missio~ary I'in charge to a new concept of the circle a as. working unit of the church. Parallel with this comes the change in the function of the missionary, and his position becomes more inde-finite, both more easy and more complicated. Such a transition with all its implication-is 'hot finished in a short time. Fortunately in the Bora field this change-over started some years ago. and there has been some time for adaptation, and even for making mistakes and learning from them. I.:. ~. '.It i~ 41ways~ intel'e_e!ti~g ~o be present at t~~; m~~ti~8 of the -circle conference.,one was helg.. in.. 13,o...sg~~~: :in February, Some of the congregatiolls,' ~~.re not!.ep~.~a.nted, but still it was a fairly large gathering. The arrange- -ment was good, a.nd s.s- -U'RUal'the, members, were the guests 'of the receiving' congregation,.'&ssisted, by: :'the neighbouring ones. U pendro pastor was elected cp.,airman. The q.li~'~tiolh1 di~?ussed at' the's~ c6nfe~ence.s.. ~ainly concern the daily' life 'in the villages with ~n UN'praotical problems, the attitude to heathen' CUBtOfIi~; and various congregational,matters; As the new,situation,'necessita.tes, new,duti~ei will fau to it by and, -Qy. The second conferenoe" wa,s held i'n the e~d of the year: in Ghaksa, the'~est-ern~o~'t ~o~g:re~ation~. ~lq~~,:~ to the Sankos river. Miss Somming was the represeritatlve :: i (of;: the missionari.,es ; at -that: meeting. It was reported to :, -'ba>8. good, 1\nd helpful,-oonferenc&. '.~,~r(,in,'~h~: ~~d'ocfeb~:uary ~"'critic~f time 'ca.m.e"to;.the :.': ;h~i~ti~in~',a'~~i: t~'1 aii~~pi ~s,j~'~herf: ~~~~~lln'~{ ~i~~*b~~ge8 "', r~ging iil~e. a,:' ~~"orm',.over ~ h~e, '8.rea~:.l~:avi~g.; llurnf:.- ~ut {...J'.. -' ::!: 1~.... _ ~" ". 12

100 villages, desolatlkm'.oo.sorrow- i<l1, -Uls!wake. As the Boros " 'Yer~,~~~er?~islY, ~ga~~d in that, up~e~ val ~he christians.9,ali\e u~n_der ~av.y and at some p1aces terrlbj,e pressure. 'Som:~e' w.~ak one's "'fell'lnto;temptatlon. some" we'te ratlier '~~~ihr~gly carried '~.long 1)y:the 'tl~o.d, an"<l.others 'resisted '~tinder gr,ea't danger to tkrilsslves. '.Bitt~r ';S those' dp.ys '~~re:'fh'ere fs'icertainly, aft~rwaras a new ~ea80n of o,portlini 'ty~for' the Christia.n:me'~sage; an'd,at-ieast' ~ome'hea'itslhave 'beco~e more ~.op'.en. The h~rv~st' :is grea.t but the workers veryi.few. We need to pra'y that God may call w'itness'es "if~~~ 'a~ong' the'christi:a-iis, willing "t'o go any'~here'(lod leads them, among those who live in darkness and under 1lhe eadriw:.'>gf!death., It ~s ~t ea"sy to say --anythipg,definite a.hout the.. 1&vel ~,.,,-,. ", ' ". _,.of~ap~ritua.l li e in ~ c~~rega.tiqns. Quite a.1oldewel is on the local preacher",whetb.er.he ~B,~ple t.o di~~ribute to the people the great riches of the word of God. We need =lifhot'e i\,~a~~['\\timll'e'8.1 )B.le.know~d~.;;&lDd ~ the same ~tift1~~ tlta~tdg ft~cm~ to :vi~it~~ ;~rega.ti1 s a!l\l ~na-uct 1ftl"etlngs. 1:' 9'#\.. hlii..ti~ }~d~ ivi~~ a few 'fpl&~s -in.~ ~ipg.,.. nd~~is,me~e.-w..a.s,.a,.~lp du~ijlg.atroqble ~im~. 'The tw~(.muies 'left in :SerfanKuri coq,gr«)gatlon.t1,ed. f+.qm", "t f plf.;q~ '4uring,the 'aibturb~nc~, ~n~ "there is no,churo'h there' any more. ~)rt~t..:-: '.'; r' J.~ ;" l., ", ':, "fte 'fja:le <sf, New T.estanMilts -'Bind ~al~ y,qjf ihg'nln booms has,'bean v~ryj go~.a smrt ~-BNtle cq'ltne ':W&is' field,in "GoJlrang,in ~y, but the attendance was small, a~d an "bther time 6f the 'year' w'fll 'have 'to be' '8libsEin lor the. pu~pose. '.';,. ; ;;i';1v lta.ge3 96heolsjrliVe ~been :114 in -D1IDl'ber, ;;hv!o, sehqois having been discontinaed. 'Daber lin, Hhe,~ear 'flhe ;1;08001,in Patgaon was given. over to the.local Board..In Mo '~ha~bli A big Bchojofli.~s. grdwn 'up, witli' the "o'h'ri"stians of 'l1ie'~~qolt1~,~ \~i3bio~ co-bpe~a~~ng. C A lng selroc)l "h'oylse,', was' constructed, a~d ~ at her,. bmlcl'idgs~ 'abd great -tnte"test '

101 EIGmw~ROURT.1!I ANNUAL MOOWD~. <J.e :!Ill /9ie hy bull ah&wn. A&lr~ tbe.r& ~ no~.~flt. ~ m bouding; The total number of st,udenaia-in: 1liijqe} s~~; has ioofease,d. :.'../ The great t~sk undert~keu by: t~e ~o~.lla..a1~ii PE'6pl~.. seems to have quickened the life 'of the congregatioit t~~. C~qr~ col~ctions WQ~'6 a b~t Q.~~A~r th~a ; vr~v~ou~. year rb. partly bqcall~ of the in(}l,'ease,d" ijr~c t,! of" rice collected during the latter part of the year. Some congregations, as Mothambii, Ranik-n-ata a.bd S ' 'G&ild uguri, have shown real progress. J ambuguri a.-s 'usual is the fure-: mpst., wi.t~ more than 20 rb. gi,veij. pro fam,ily. As ~ual cqllt~ibu~,io.~ towards hui14iilg~ a,nd the subs,t~nti:a.:l ~P.l<?,UAt, of paddy given a~ part of teacl1ers salaj;ie~ are nqt; cour),t.e;4-. Boro Literatt;tre Board. The paper U Phunni H~horkhl a.pp~ar~~ fou~ti#-le~:: durid~the year. The number of: ~CGpies prin~~f!i W;a~500-4 finally reduoed tv 400. Ft'om next( yaa.l' the P8.J)el' wijl; a~pe&r bi-monthly., a.nti w:e hoj)e: intie:l'$t "will in~~~~ : A new edition of cla.ss B. reader was sent to'the-pl"ess. R&v~ Thoft Ifrogh bas prepar.ed themq.nu8cl">ip.t fo.r a new editign of LutJiel's Bma,ll Cathecism. Finally we want to express our thanks to ail friends in the home: lands. -, The' year under re;view has been.'- dne of a.~~iety4.' hi several respects. II Wotwitosta:ndfng 'tne L~ra stood; ~itti- In'S and. st~ng.aenec:h m~." ". :. j' ' ; \' ~~DP.._ at,~~n~~, at r.~~i~~li ~~s ~~ t~ gqqq.,; b"~ tlwm' ~~B Q~~a c~tajn ~~~"~e. ~{ l!~.~st. Some o{~h~ younger members of the congregation appear ~94~'(~.4-a.~,

102 9! 'THE SANTAL MtsSION' 0 F 'l're NORTHERNOHURCHES. sofue mistak~n idea.s~a.bout their power under the new oonstitution of. the,chureh~,coupled with these ideas there may also have been a desire to be great. It seems as though too, much attention has been spent on petty questi6ns' ~~the'r 't~a.n w~nning others for 'Christ. We hope this attitude soon may be changed for the better that our Christian youth may become strong and useful members 'Of the body of Christ. ~he building project has been delayed time and, again for,differen treasons. First of all we could not obtain enough timber in this area 'but had to bring some of it from Bongaigaon which is situa.ted one hundred miles to the west. The carpenters with whom we had an agreement did not move until -November. 'Meantime we had to engage two carpenters from Shillong who put up the garage and the' 'Cook house in which we now live. The family moved, in OJIr the 1st of November, and a~ the Y,ear comes to a close ~he first five post,s of the bungalow have been raised. A well has he en made the water of which is not too good (water has always been a. most difficult problem in this vijlage, i~ fact in the whole of this area ~. Our water canal has been improved. So has the roa.d from Kumarikata' to Parkijuli. It is now passable e\ten for heavy trucks. We ha.ve ha.d some losses. Our hor~e and mule died from some strange disease during the ra.iny season, and a. buffalo had to be give~ in exc,h~~ge for -one which had b,en ',Putted to death by one of ours. LOSS96 from theft h~ve' -&lfc,:- occ\lrea ' on' ~evera,l, occasions. - --<.- -: -',=' ;;.: On -t-he other hand we have much to be grateful,.for. Rev. : Bierkestrand made a gift of his own horses replacing those we IORt. His kindness was much appreciated as we need the 'horses for bringing s'upplie~ from Prkijuli to Dewangiri.

103 EIGHTY-FOURTH.AN~U.AL REPORT The severe ea.rthqua.ke that wrought such ha.voc farther east made little 1amage here although the path to Dewa.ngiri was blocked by large rocks so that a new path had to be made. Parkijuli has been spared jn other respects too. Our people took no pa.rt in the persecution of Muslims. We have neither had lootings nor horrible murders like some neighbouring villages. Signs of improvement and progress are visible at Sesapa.ni where a new church building was dedicated in April. A primary school has also been started there. Two young men who have been receiving instruction want to be baptized. The school at Parkijuli has had upto 86 enrolled pupils. A new school house 60 X 20 feet, was built by our church members and oedicated in May. Rev. Maguram Moshary has faithfully carried on as pastor, Jacob Boshumatary as elder at Parkijuli and J oge Narjary as elder at Sesapani. Bolsing Baglari hab been headmaster of of the school at Parkijuli. During the year nineteen children of Christian parents and one non-christian have been baptized. DEWANGIRI. Mr. Da.nn has been in charge of the work at Dewan giri. The number of pupils in the shool has dropped since we had to discontinue our help to ~ome of the orpha.n~d. boys who used to a.ttend school. Better supervision is required, but I have not yet been able to obtain a visa. so tba.t I.could go tbere myself. Dorjee Phenju who used to be a teacher in our school passed away in September. After he became ill he called M&gur&m Pa.stor, gathered his family at the bedside and declared his belief in the Lord Jesus and asked the pa.stor to pray for him. He died soon afterwal"ds.

104 94' THE SANTAL MlSEHON OF THE NORTHERN' CHURCHES. Our"'cliowkidar Seoang J~8e helped Maguram' Pastor with: some transiatron work. After a while Seoang develdpe'd i a. persistent cough. He was t-ark-en to d'oetor 'whemistook his disease for malaria. Later we sent him to. h9~pital for observati,on and it turned out to be T. B. He called' the p!tstt>r, the elder Bin:d the heaaman and comessed his sins and asked for baptism. He was baptized on the third of December. Our work a.mong tl!l& Bqut.ias beg~n eight years ago and Seoang J ese wa.s the fi~~t Bhutia to be baptized and to be received into fen owsbt.p. with our Christian Boros at Parkijuli. He has later been admitted into the Christian Hospital at J arhat for treatment, but it is doubtful whether it, will be of any benefit. He may be the third Bhutia in this work to be won for the Gospel only to pass a way soon a.fterwards. Thus we are still left without a Bhutanese evangelist. But we hope God in His infinite mercy wjll raise up one who may become a mighty witness among t~e.i lulls. Any way we are grateful that the work has nftt, b,e611 in va.in. Jongpen, the District Magistrate from Jungkar, has p~ijl hi~ ilrst visit to Pa,rkijuli. Thanks to the Bible Society I had the priviledge of presenting him with a copy of the Bible in Tibeta.n. May the work prosper to the glory of God!' Wtthhe.artfelt thanks to the Norwegian Tibeta.n ~i88iojl and- everybody who 1assupported this wotk by Pl1Lyer.s and gifts. YourfJ in His.serVice.. ANNE HELFlNs:' &- D.A.IVtD- 'WEsT'B<lRG:

105 EDUCATIONAL WORK IN ASSAM. THE SANTAL COLONY HIGH SCHOOL. The Santal Colony has a population of about 11,thousands among whom our Mission has been wolkij1g /Since Schools have been established -and g.mat efforts made to spread educa-tion among the Saneaia,,the Boros and the other backward communities in-and outside the 'Santal Colony. The Boarding School here at Grahampur W-81.8 started ;in 1915 and recognized a.s a Middle English -Schaol ~in 1:926. -The want of a High School has been,keenly c;felt!ior years, and the San tal Church' Council hmi been wol'king for the establishment of the San-tal ColGDY.,High School sinoe While Rev. & Mrs. 1. Hoyland were in-charge of the School, they took keen in terest in a.u -its aoti vi ties,besides the administration of thesantal Colony.wHh a.ll its viuage Rchools and congregations..after we took over the schools here at Grahampur, we have tried to continue and develop the work of our pr.edecessors. :iplaus for the future of the Se-hool -have -been dis '~ed ''by the Santal and Boro Ohurch COUD0ils and a. speeial oommittee -appointed by the MiRsion and 'were finally approved by the Missionary Conferen06 -in :-bhe beginning of It was decided 'that t7heschool should be.. reorganizeandbecome a joint enterprise of all the :lbf~es -6f ::the Ebenese-r EvangeUca.1Lutheran Ohul'~h--itl.MIsam.

106 96 THE SAN1'AL MISSION OF THE NORTHERN CHURCHES And the Church Councils have made renewed efforts to rais~ funds for the School. The Managing Committee lias been 're-constituted according to Government rules and is now ~onsisting of representatives of various sections of our Church and Mission in Assam. THE LOWER PRIMARY SCHOOL ~ In conformity with departmental regulations the lower classes will be maintained in a separate Lower Primary School. On the primary stage Santali has been approved a-s the Medium of Instruction. The new textbooks needed a re being written and ~hould be printed as soon as possible to meet the new situd.tion. The num ber of boys in the lower classes has slightly decre3.sed mainly because the Hostel was closed to L. p, boarders in order to vacate rooms for the. High School students. After this year's experience I feel that the question needs reconsideration as a low enroliiient in the lower classes will gradually effect the number. of boys in the higher classes too. This School has to a great extend to be its own feeder-school because tliere are not many good feeder-schools in the neigh~ourhood. THE MIDDLE ENGLISH SCHOO-L: According tot-he wish of' the Government the Medium of Instruction in chass III has been changed from Bengali to Assamese and Assamesemade a compulsary subject in the other classes. its our intention to make Assamese the schoo11anguage in au classes as soon as possible even if this' tr~nsition is connected with great difficulties due to lack of :Assameseknowing teachers. But even if the Ex;a.mination results may ':be effected for some years we ;cc>l).si. der it advieable to follow the. gen.eralpolicy of.: the Gov.erment and make our.contribution.. to the e<!q9~~jon of the young men of the New Assam!.. t.!.t :::'T.. Of < the ;l!>,boy~.. wl1o apl>ea.red in: :t_he ~~dl~ School i:~exa~mjna~ion.'of 194;9.;~1J, 7:.boyspassed in:both:':~~~ 1J~~UP8.{fjPopd _ t~o_ :i~::group J only,. And :a~on.~.t1~e successful -. ~.

107 EIGHTY-FOURTH ANNUAL ;keport. 97 condi~te, Kalidas Soren secul'ed a Acholarship a.nd i~ continuing his studie.'3 in this institution. : THE HIGH SCHOOL ~ Ass~mese ha.s be~ll intrp,duced as -the,medium of Instruction ~ll class VII also. a.nd wihgradua.lly become the major vernacular of the other classes. Santali is recognized a.s an Alterna.tive Vernacular, Genesis and St. Mark being among the prescribed.textbooks. Formal permlsslon to open the classes V LI, VIII, IX & X 'nas been obtained, and the Inspector of Schools,. Gt;l.uhat~, who visited the School for the" first time last year, expressed th~ hope that the School may -be giyen provisional recognftioll from the beginning of 1952 if the standard is improved and the number of boys in the higher classes increased. He also recommended amalganiation of the Middle School and the High School from the time of:recognition. THE STAFF ~ The staff is still rathe'r weak. T~achers with sufficienteduoation Brre very,. seldom, obtainable locally, and very few 'o.utsiders are. willing to ~omea.nd live at an out-of-the-way place like Grhampllr.;.8till we succee~ed in getting two graduate teachers, Mr. S. B. Sengupta ail<f'mr; S". M. Dutt~. Mr.' Mathias' Tudu,. the first 'Santal: who has passed Intermediate Arts 'in 1st di~ision here in Assam, fs ~ervirig temporarhy as a - ~e~cher. He is anexceptjonally promising young man - with qjany gifts an'a interests. Further improvement of the' staff' is extremely needed., - TIlE -BoYs! The uumber of boys is almost the same as the previous year. 231 for,t,he whole 8cho<;> ar~ ~a~tals,21 boros, 31 llindus and 7 muslim:s. The muslims,,'left duringt.4e (~isturbances. The enrolmen~ of the higher,:,:::bl~1j_8.s~.is~_ still 'j '~OQ ;;JQ~,,but will u~~q.ubt~diy:i~cre~8e :_: )f:;qua.~ifi~~r t~~ciiers' are. secure~r. ~nd iorrr'tal ~~~~~g~iiion :'~~f the' Scho~l' obtained. full confidence in the : School _,. /s~ ~i ":;'.. '.~ --, 13

108 trp,ining 98 THE SANTAL MISSION OF THE NORTHBftN"CHURCHES. -will h&rdly oo'e-sta,blished 'befo1"e"some' of tlie _o1b t me p&ssed the Matriculation" Examhiati'on. NEW OONSTRUCTION ~ -The: ereetietl ~f a. new' High Sohool BuiHling' has been" lal;8,tted,~ and th& ora 'S-ehool Bn!ldings ' will '0 grad1ially be' t~kej1 'over by: th' Hostel. FL.~ANCE: Most of the boarders are bringing "tllelr owii"rie~ an:d pa'ying' fees for dal; our, spioes".' etc. It sb'buld be po'siible to mab" the - 'Hbste~ selfsuppofiing in near future. Sohoolfe88 have been introducetl from olails!.ii to cla'ssxand the realisation has been satisfaqp!>ry, We are very thankful to the Sant'~l 'Church~: Counsil for a gra.nt of Rs. 1642/15/- received 'during t~e ye'at, and we hope that the Ohurch Counsiis willrriai{e '~ven grea.ter efforts in future. We also extend a word of thanks to the 'ProVincial Government for the grants amounting to' R-s. ~19t5h- fe' ~~iv~d.during the year The' main support is still given by the Missiori'.amd We'thank our friendfl at home for their liberal' ' COD, tnnutions and conbtant prayers. Atf ELEMENTARY TRAINING CLAss: ~'aily of Ollr riua~e Sc~ools here in Assam are handi,?app -, ~y J8:ck of t~acher8. Consequently a r~ther sm~ll p~!cent of the Ohristians are litera.te. We therefore fe~l that 0 ~f.t.~~hers who ca.n teach all our ~hildren an~ ~4~lts how to read and write and use their Bibl.es and H~mn. books, is urgently needed. Plans for opening~n Elementa;ry Training- Class from 1952 undsr" cbnsicieta.tion.,..,9~~istiai ~CTlvtTIES:,Sunday Schoolc~asses,are b~lng carried on by the boys t'heniselves. Religious i:p~truction is given in all the classes to Christians; ~nd ~uter~st~d non-phrfstians. The Bibl~ 'study "in fh~ niidier "cfa.ijes seems pro~isins. It is enc6~-~a:.grnglj o; dn d' that ~ c -~.. 1'; ~.._.'. i 4 some of the boys are intendini to devote their hves'in

109 AIUIU~"'.~EP9~T. 99 tl}e_~~*e,.pf the :Mission.and.. phqr13h..our. ~()p,e.. and PlTayer.j.s ~l}.~t G.od IPa.y,call forth [.from a.m0ij~ thes~ fbl~.: y~ l!l.enojl1~istian l~~de~s tor the growi~ Ch~rpp. of.. ahij~t new I f;r.iends. SOLVING & SIGFRED JOHANSEN. in i\ssa.m.. Wih hea rty greetiqgs, to old alld. HARAPUTA GIRLS' M. E. SCHOOL. What :~lse may be sa.id about Haraputa, you can not.~ay it is dull to be here turned out to be a r~ther interesting year. It seems that things were happ~ning all the' time. Some gave us much trouble, so~~ ;:~~U~~d.UB sorrow, and sometimes we made hapj?r too. But all the time we felt that God was near. He carried the burden and gave the strength and peace. U' Fbr 1 know that Jehovah is great." Ps. 135,5. Miss». Austad went on furll)ugh in tbe W~~ beginning of the year, I was to take over here in Jia,r~p.!-lta. I st~rt~droy wo~k here on the 26th. of Jan ~ari'~ ',-the E~p~blic' Day, by plant~ng the Indian flag in. fr~\1t. of tq~scho~l. build~:qg. Soon I got Bo~e' oth~r... ~-..'.....'. '... things to _ do. On the. first of March, we.all of a sudden dis~~ve~ed"th~t so~e-thtng' wa.~. going on a~ound here. Ardtirld" Us 'swarmed ref~gees and later on the disturbers came. - ;w~ 'felt much like a. rock in a river when wa.ter,..., ~; I.c ~ _.~..,._ :. _ :... is rushing a.roubd n. But we ha.d pea.ce. During the thstu]1&&be~e.~jiet a. 5inglE~' girls a.sked to go home. \Ve lilt: : they h&d faith in us, and so: ha.d their pa.rents ': j _. -- _ _. :_.0 _.. _ '; ~ i'-ii,::the".-:~.cl\~ol. ~e.had i&d av-erage ~f 142 ehhdr~n this ~Yea:f~;~ ~ lt~ ti~~esb. tjl& '~efore:~ ;26 glrls.w.er.e ii}. -the M.,1.. je~~ir~!~~p;()~iq ),n the' priin~~y. _.i6..:girl~. for.) tlle,. ",E.JeX8.Jl1iDa.t~on, but the result.' is not.out yet. :~Tbi8,.ear we did not get the ExaminatiC?n center 'sat here a,s.we used to, therefore none of our gii-is sat for the ::frl~~~..l~~i!!~~.::a.s we refused to se~4 ~4~m IW."

110 As : last' year we' ~:reci~v'ed a Government" Grant-in:' ald' ;6 Re. 80/- pro month. The teachers have b~en the' sa.me 11.s-the year before, except for 'M'rs. JD. Singh, w-ho left us in J anuarsr.:': In Oetober a forme1" teacher Mrs. D. Mosahary, joined the staff. We have too few' qua.lified: teachers~ esp~chlly in Assamee. "The teachers have been working hard, most of them at least. Some would improve if they put a little more interest into the work. 'lole had in the beginning of the year 69 children in boarding. Duri~g the year 17 new joined and 7 for mer students came back; in the same period 9. left. 2 stayed home on account of illness. 3 for ot~er reasons, 1 was sent home and 3 died. 2 when they were home during vaca'tion, and the thirn, a girls in c1.' VI, in October. At the close of the year we had 84 children in the boarding. In addition to the usual problem; to get the money to cover the expenses, we had the problem of getting the paddy and rice. But we got what we needed, and we are thankful. 'B,~sides the Sunday school Classes we also' li8:d fhe Girl Guide and Blue Bird groups.: The bigger girls ha.:a their' S~trirday night ni~~tings, arid the t~achers h~d tb~tr L.Y. F.'.~:ee'ting~. ~hrs last_was not so regularly. ~n May we had the joy o!, seeing 3 of our bigger girl~ be baptized, and at the same time 8 were confirmed.,~y they be faithful to their Lord and SavIor. " Th,e year wa.s marked with va.rioush~ppenings,:!3'llcb, as flood,. earth-quake and: high,price~, c;listllrqanc~s, refugees and destructions, awakening a.nd church going, f~jr -~ a:n4, p1i~ta k~.. Wh~t 80.- ev~r. we vrere.up:a.g~inst, what -soever filled our hearh",we felt. tb,at th~, joy anq peace which' God gives c'ai1n6t' be 'shaken'.. c-_ -. Our hearts are-- full of thanks to our friends' ii.t 'home who ar ' with us With your gifts and prayers You are worki:ug With us _'jn moving the boundaries o.f the King-. 4,qm oj Rea ven. YourA,... ElSDBJORG ',(3.ULBKANDS,EN.'

111 _. E'IGlITY.. FOr RTU ANNUAL REPORT..; 101,<,' GAOBANG,. GI RLS' SCH00L.. They~ar..-1~50 "was marked by extensive repair work Qn. 014, b~il~,ings,and" oonstrtioting new ones. When the school op~ned after the Christmas Holida.ys, the' children h~d to be housed here and there all over' the conipound. The little Chapel. the school Hall, our bungalow, and the only hostel that remained habitable~ all were' occupied. All the old houses had fallen into complete. disrepair dur.ing the previous rainy season and thorough going repai.rs ha<;l to be oarried out. But school commenced and by February 1st the old hostels had been renovated with new walls freshly whitewashed and a new building had been added to the school. The dispensary had finally been completed, and later we were able to build a very useful storehouse for,r~?e,.., The construction of the 6th hostel for the child'ren 'was commenced and the wood framework was ~omp~eted b~fore,,the rainy season. The teachers' house and,three other dwelling houses were in such bad oond'ition that all walls had to be renewed. In addition a septic tank,{or the teachers' house and a small school hospitttl were built. But all this hal!! cost money and it is not easy to persuade the Boros to even pay for their ohildrens' food. So after the Summer vacation I again took up the work with considerable worry and anxiety. Our Head Mistress was to move so it was difficult to mainta.in a staff of tea.ohers. Furthermore we had limited funds a.nd found difficulty in obtaining food for the children a.nd workers in the compound. But God helped us through the diffioulty. We obtained teachers for all the classes and somehow the obligations were met. On I\ccount of shortage of rice the childrens diet had to be changed. with the result that the health of the children was better at the end of the school year tha~ it wa.s at the beginnin~.

112 102 THE SAN'l'AiL MISSION OF THE NOl{THI BN. CHURCHES. School wol'k was cari.ied. on,with.: 9. beachers. In addition to the 8 classes in the Primary and Middle School, we had tst year Higb school. We 'hope ~b add another class in High school next year. But the examination results in t4e middle school are yet so unsatisf~ctory that ~t will lik~ly take a long time ~nd much hard work in order to bri~g tpe school up to the standard of other mission schools in Assam. Personally I had altogether too Uttletime to.attend to the school work during the past year,on accowlt of all the other work that had to be 8upe.rJlised, a.nd my good and capable co-worker, Sister Andrea Halten was ill and had to stay in Shillong 6 months. On the whole the 'health of the children I!$S.ijeen good. We; had,a, prolonged but light epidemje. of $ea.~les -bef<!)l'e the summer vacation. A little girl, Salomi Bo~umatar:i died in Febru~tf' t).ud jt was a gre~t sorrow to us all when we req~i~ed the mes8~ge that our youllgest teacher, Korun,a )30sumataJ;'Y, had died suqd.~nly at the hospital in Gauh~~i. G0m~ounder. Ghandrae Ki&ku ha~ loomed... afted,, ;tjie work in the Dispensary. The number-0f patients.aec.rea.", sed considerable due to Miss Haltens abs~nce, but neverthele~e? _many have received help. In c-iosibg. a hearty -. tha,~ :to. all Jr~~ ~@r!srntl int~r-efu'sion8., ~~lp.

113 MEDICAL WORK IN ASSAM. SANT1PARA LEPROSY a'btony. It is fitting to commence this annual report I i with a. word of thanks to The Government of Assam, The "lwra5ion to" L~pe'rs aill!" The'B~nt8.1 Mhision fbr t'iteriinan '~iui sdpporf We have 're'eeivetl' thr~ughorit thtf year Wen,sentt' cur- hea-niestthanks to<' Sa.ntipara.'s friends.ad iniej'ces9mb in-,denmai'ik"n0fway,- North Amerioa apti,great Britian. Our new dispensary was dedicated J ~nuary 7th. The buu{ung has a ]ong and, spacious veranda which serves as the clinie's waiting room. The building itself contains, a dispensing room with delivery window, storero~m, dremsing room. laboratory. Doctor's office, injection room, arid a small op~ration theater with vestibule. One' of thie spea-kslrs at" the' dedicatiorl' wa's our pea.ce,loving and helpful Manjhi ~ headma.n) in thij' (Jolony, Dhiba. Tudu. He was one of t he two fir-st patioents to come to Sa.D~1pllira J anua.ry 7th Iii tb~ last" par't of February and the beginning of M'aroh we witnessed t'he terrible persecution of th~ M tis ~ii#s which took pla~e in GoaJpara District. The majori, ty of QUr nearest neighbours were Muslims. Their houses,. fnchidiilg :thefr paday' and rice graneries and every-ehing,'tliat' was -. igriitable was burne-d. The peopi'e themselves we~e driven out. The 'riiglit following the day when. the MttsHtn's houses to the North and North East of us 'were' laid waste. OUT little: hospita.l burned dowb. InaddHion to the ""'bu inil1g w~,k;st m-ost ef the hospital'li nen,ma;t tr.e;ss-

114 104 THE 8,ANTAL MI88IO~ OF'lffE NORTHERN CHURCHES. es, a chest of cloth woven by the patients, a good Swedish bolt 'of cloth 1t.bat we had ; brought out from.'. ; ~t: ",-, ',; Norway, and 'many othel" ar.ticles. Fortunately, none of the patients were injured during the fire..!':,>.:',2 ' The Mission to Lepers and The American Leprosy Mission each contributed Rs. 2500/~,towa~d.s rebuilding the hospita.l. -This was com'plated' and occ~pied during August., The 17th December Santipara,'s new ~ross-shaped church was dedicated, For us it 'was 'the red letter day of the; y~~r. The majority of our Missiona'~ie~'" in Assam delighted us by their prl~sence_ We 'are"~rateful that we were permitted to -build, such a tight :'81nd cheery church wijere the patients and the l w'en'l>eople can gather together for Church services and meetings. The main wing of the building. 'and nne of the~. side wings are" for the pati'ents. The well people gather 'In -the other side wing.. '.. ~':> We wish to r_ep~at our thanks to 'the :N orwegj~n mission friends' who~ by their:' gifts,' m'~d~' it' possible 'f~r 'us to build the church~ Siinultane~~sly" we send out:: hearty, greeting from Sa.-:ltipara-- to the dom.1'. 'of the melodious ~ :church bell;andt~: MiiSs.,Elvsaas _in :. Molde 'who, sewe-d olir heautifujalter' cloth. ', :j; -.,',_il ),," ~ Dr. Dagmar Pedersen' moved from Saritipara>to"Sevapur July 7th. A, short time later Dr. A. Guha from COGch Behar' wa~e'mpl~y~d. U'~fortlinat_ely 'ii:' app~ared that he was not acquaintea wlthan"important b~anch of the work that is required here:.! lie'reti~ed after the usual lapse of time after ~esig~a;tio~l. '1 "",. _ With" the )"help -1 r _., of Dr. Dharm~ndra, LeprosyResearc~ 'Department, Tropical Schoo'l' of Medicine, Calcutt~. "w'e obtained 'ano- ;, '.' i~',~to; ~i.", ther Doctor. Dr Roy. On Dr. Dharmendra s advice, D.r. Roy J00k a, course at the.l. R~ Instit~te,and carne to SaIlti'par~r in' Qct.~ber. ::' '~";~...>--' -, The.,most experi-enced of,th~,qther. co-w-or~~~,-in :the dispensp,ry" C~or;0n Murmu;;i _ \>~Q,aDle i~lc, ~p., :March,

115 EIGHTY-l'OURTH ANNUAL REfoRT I.. and ha.d to be sent to Shillong for treatm~nt. ~~s: a~ first &pati~nt,a.t the Wel,~h Missi()n' " '.H;9,~~iV~ l~ Q,pA,,1ate:r l1,f} was, tr~usferred to f,he Lady R.~id, Che(3,t l,iospita~.. He:. was ~till there at th~ cl?,~e of,the y~a.t, "The 'tension during the~ disturbances of last Spring became too trying' for one or two of our eb-workers in the dispensary, and they left their work. We~"had the' ph~asure of appointing' two 'young' andwilli,ng men for Compdunder training. Sulphetrerie treatment has brought new hope to seve 'ral of our patients. In additiob to Dhiba Tud.u whose name has been 'mentioned earlier: in this report, t~ere 8.r~ several who have' become non-infectious. The annual paddy harvest was comparitively good. yes,: the "be'st: 'we 'llave'1iad' up to the" present. And we -are', hopeful 'that the' Co10ny's fa:r~irig project will show a; "n:iu6h greater retu'rri next yea.r with the heir)'.of" th~ newly a.cquired Ferguse,~ tractor. i.',', He ".~... "ri.-... ~l;,.~ o't', :'l~ ~r:.,~, ".' ~ PO, [~~~!?~.~~ ~.. l c' :",:' As,t1.ly. ;A~y:,so... :~b,e.!l..:tby;,.;~.tje~sjih:, 'AA'~ :A~tJ9.~t\ proved mp1~7,tid;les :;,<;l:~il,)~..:the p'assf~d ~AA.r, ~_lt.h"j b~8p a very unusual year with communal disturbances,~va.cua- - 'too D ' '.of:. Muslims,. ~ 1 the.. tteturtit:.of t li.aljej ilodd:;,.l ~earthquake, ~emic:, : food:, sho:rtage and; last :hut'not least an &W~ 'ing towards chl'istia'tlfty. ~';All ithts ;h481m8.idred;the ~"wo'ri 'duri:ng,the e8.r~<,but ';.:We are'~'.. th:f!lnkfut :to i be'! ;s.ble [-to :,say, that' we :.got 'st"rengtb' enpu~h' fo: ;:Q\'CerYi day~""~ed -and,, the 'Lord"hai "been witlif U'~,:.' _ 'J '''.i :;,r- : _."~ f : 1.:.,;-",.1n., the :Ol~'pens~rr.., t4~,illuslij,n exit: J,Ile~R,~:~,.: c4"qp,~ji ~~.QO consqlt~tions,q9wp e~l ~jt;l! ta:e Pf.ev:i9:~$ f~80h'.~9,:w~)b''fe~ op, reg~st~r f9t., ~h~'1 Y@80F.1A~.5P, ~~~4'~i~~~ 14

116 106 'THE SANTAL MISSION OF THE NORTHERN CHURCHES. treate-d here. The' return of the muslims during the Bummer months 'brought the average dally consult~tion"b up to normal. The' chief enemy of health is as usual maiaria, not less than 3300 patients were treated for this disease. during the year. The majority of patients coming here are. muslims, they used to be in quite good form though poor; but. now all of them are undernourished and suffer from the different complaints following this. especially scabies and lack of vit~mins. In August-September we had a cholera epidemic travelling mostly with the flood waters from Sankoshriver. Many people died in the nearby villages; we tried to help where we could with inocultions etc., and were glad that it did not spread more that it did. As helpers in the Dispensary we have as before Jotin Ch. Dass a~d Sitol Soren,,they have been a good help when they we;re on their own or when r was along with them. Also amongst ~he 'school-children has there been.serious illness. Two girls died during the summer-v a.cation, one from malaria and one from cholera. In the autumn we had one girl very ill with typhoid fever, but she "reaovered.: and is well and strong aga.in. Then in November we had to ta.ke two girls to Sevapur HosiKtal both very HI,,bUt we were unable to find the cause, the big one diaa ilna the little one recovered. The congregational -work was marked even more by duierent events.' W:hen the communal' disturbances broke out. we :heard' from the very,. first- evening the bells bom, the round, about villages, calling people for :pr.yer. and Sunday after Sunday the church was filled to overflow. The village Bible women also had DO difficulty in gathering the women for Friday meetings. In the' autumn when food bec'ame Rcaree and prices went <very ffigh it was difficult' to' gather these same women "8 they felt ashamed' to' corrie without their-lisualsmall

117 ~.L EIGHTY-FOURTH ANNUAL REPORT 107 ba.sket of 'nceas o:ffering~ Altog~ther" during the year the womens offerings from thesemee-tings amounted to Rs One thing I would like to mention is the Muslims return, they came in small parties, just befor.e and as the, rains started, they had no shelter, no food, nothing. And then the people the Santals here took them, in. there was scarcely one house which did not shelter at least one Muslim family. they simply were everywhere, t'hey got shelter untill they could put up huts on their own -ground and were fed. The confirmation classes and baptism-class has been conducted as in previous year. We had the joy to see many non-christians enter the Church,,especially from two villages have there been many so that altogether '65 persons was baptised during the year. And now we thank our friends at home who have w_orked 'with us in prayer and ewe ask, them to continue to pray especially for these new Christians tha.t they may grow in knowledge of God. ELISABETH' KROHN.,"SEV APUR H0SPITAL. This report about the hospital will be brief. There ha ve been so many changes and shifting of personel that it makes.it difficult to get and overall view of the whole year. I was placed in charge of Sevapur Hospital this year and w&s to take over a.s soon as a successor was.found to,take my work in S&ntipara. It took some time to get one. In the meantiuie Rev. & Dr. Haugstad helped out while studying the language. Mrs. Haugstad is a gradua.te

118 108 THE SAN+~ ISf?JON. OF 'l'hp; NOR~H~RN:~HURCHES.,4P.oto~.: W 8 - were" very..gl~d ~~~t. ~ was.,her~ toh.,e~p ~~..,. When 1; Qama: :they.we~t.~n their va.~at~qp.." and later took their language examination. "!l ~. -S;lveig' J 6han~eii' and' Asbjorg 'Fiske' were our very effident ~nhrses. They not only-han' thai care 'of 'patients '~d :te'aching thenutses. btit~much' of ~tbe 'work of look~ fng"aiter the compou-nd-w-orkers feli on their shoulders. " We jncre.~sed. our nul"f3ing" ~t&ff by~a~ing,.in. si~ Sa.ntal girls to; oogin training. We had,frpm b6foj!~ three young men, a compounder, e,. tephniciap, jtn.d,.~ male nurse. We hope to increase our staff as the work grows. o. During. March and April we', had. the disturban~s. arid 'in oonsequence the hospital was called upon to car., for a large number' of extra patients. We' were 'thank~ fut,that we w~re able to help so many. \~ :. (. ~".. ~: ~ t; ~ r:.~. f.".:., -~:'. '. '. qln Deceil1ber :we.'had the pleasure l 0fw~lcoming Dr. &: :MTs~' 'Bogh : oa.ck. to "India;' Dr. Bogh, will" '~ak:e'" ov:er here at the hospital in _,~. :,;gt~tisticb: k_ -:." Out patients, 6.75iL._. Maie' patients 60% In patients, 233 Female' " 40% Laboratory Tests 605 Santa:!" 51% A few minor.qp'i(i,t~ r ~,:Otl;rer : 1-aces 49% Christians 38% "':''1 (:. ;~.~, ":.: 1.;,,- ~. Mohammedans: lij,% ':.; ~ i.'.'" );:"'Ie:~: ',::. ~'f1.. >.: ';'.' fj " HIndu. & others -. 48'%':",', :'; tn c6~~iusioii: I wlsli to: thank a1fthat have/made' it possible for the hospital to cantin ue its wdrk-:' and' ':thus ::pl,~ke At ~p.()~bib~.,;{or_.~apy J?a.~j~nts;.,to "sa}, b~tt~r care ~tj:lfu~ :we' were. a,q~e;~t9- give.)1:j.em,. r~fqrc:.;. :; :;j Remember us 'and- pray fthat'his Kingdom- ~may'-- increse here among the sick and suffering alsd~

119 EIGHTY.-FOURTH.ANNUAL REPORT. I E B E N-E S E R EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH. At the request of the Missionary Conference churoh consbitution making was started in earnest in 1940, and this work was in 1950 completed by a Maha Sabha which passed the Constitution and whose members signed the prepared document. The drafting had passed through many' hands, and many committees, and it had been placed before Messrs. Orr, Dignam & Co" Calcutta, the firm of lawyers that have prepared the Trust documents, and also before our three Home Boards, before it received its final shape. Here it is in toto: PREAMBLE ~ In the name of the Father and the Son a,nd the Holy Ghost, Amen. Whereas in God's infinite mercy the Evangel of our Lord Jesus Christ was brought to our area by the missionaries H. P. Boerresen and L. O. Skrefsrud, and whereas nnder the guidance and power of the Holy Ghost and constant prayer and lovin~ sacrifice of mother churches in Scandinavia and America the11daughter church has fr om a humble beginning grown and extended ~rom Sa.ntal Parganas across North Bengal into Assam and Elpread from the.santals also to the Boros and Bengali speaking people, it has been felt that the time now is ripe for its r~organization:, wherefore we. members of' the thus established church, declare and make known ~ Article 1. NAME.. The name and title,of the body reorganized under this constitution shall be the Ebeneser Evangelical Lutheran Church. Article 2. DOCTRINE~ A. This church receives and holds the Canonical Scriptures of the Old and New Testaments as the inspired word of God, and the only infallible rule and standard of faith and practice, according to which 8tll doctrines and tea.cher~ a.r~ to be judgeq. l

120 II THE SANTAL MISSION OF THE NORTHERN :CHURCHES. ", B~ It',accepts as impdrtant testimdnies in confdrmity with the Holy Scriptures the three ecumenical creeds, the ApD~~~es', the Nicene, and the Athanasian.,c. It receives and hdlds the unaltered Augsburg CQnf&ftsio,;t together with Luther's small Catechism as a co~rect' exhibition of faith and doctrine Df the Evangetical Lutheran Church, founded updn the word o.f GDd., On 'this doctrinal basis the church reco.gnizes churchfellowship with all Evangelical Lutheran Chul ches in lndia;' Pakistan. and thro.ughout the wo.rld. It also. aoknowledges Christian fello.wship with all believers in Christ.a..~ Savio.ur and LDrd and desires and works fo.r CODperati.on and mutual understanding with all such. 't I Artiele 3. OBJECT: The object of the church is to. provide in every way for the spiritual need Df the members of the church till they -attain unto.,the measure of" the stature of the fullness of Chrise, by preaching ~ th'e word'of,god and administeri~g the Sacraments and. building further on the evangelical foundation laid in -times past by the mission, work for its Dwn growth in grace and knowledge, and. also to. extend the Kingdom Df God by energetic evangelistic efforts among all people within.:tbe reach of,the church. Article 4. MEMBERSHIP: Church members are tho.se wh~-~'have received baptism in the church. Communicant me~ber~hip is attained Dn admission to the Lord's Supper. Christians baptized in other churches may be,enrolled.&s, members when accepted by the church according to r~eb. ~l"_tjq!, S. ACTIVITIES". The activities of the church 8~L~e. 'A. To preach the Word of God. B,. To administer the Sacraments. C. Pastoral care of the flock. D.,Training of congregational workers. E, Reli~ious instructioq of 'th-e children.

121 :mighty-fourth ANNUAL REPORT. F. Work among young people. ;~.;i;'; '.1.~,! G. Care of the sick and poor. 'k";'; H. Collection and distribution of funds an4:~a.din~~stration of property. > ]",.- 1. Education and all other activities that wilt~promot6 a sound and moral life.,. < ", :. Articl~ 6. ORGANIZAT/ON: It is recognize4.'tlmt 'all power in the church belongs to our Lord J e-sbs~!vhrist, the head of the church, and that all just duties.a.nd powers exercised by the church are committed to her for the furtherance of the Gospel through the, Word and the Sacraments among all people as f&r a.s possible, in their own language. For the purposes of the administration of the church the following units are recognized: A. THE LOCAL CONGREGAtION consists of those local members of the church whoordinarily\' m'~et "together for Divine service a.nciadministrati~:ri '01 'the Sacraments in one church building or pla,ce o~' wonhip. It has for' its guidance a pastor and an eleet~d ~'iq~ngregational Committee. ::~!\}{i+~: r.' B.. THE CIRCLE is composed of a number" Qf 'cont; -"! '}] :=.: gregations within a certain a.rea. A Circle Conf~renc8' shall be established.," '~'..!..., { c. THE DISTRICT consists of a number of ~mrcle8 composed as a geographical or linguistic tinif: liilder one District Church Council wrth several 'iin'portant sta.nding committees. In every Distriot, CirQle,Oonferences shall elect their Church Council Member~ for a. period of three years.. This Council shall collbis~ <>f. at least one pastor and one lay member from every di,r~le of the Distriot, who shall el~ct from among.' their: 'own number a President who shall be a.n ordain.e'd ~ pa:sto.~, a. Secreta.ry and a Treasurer. the Distriot Church OonnaH shall ordinuily :m'eet twioe a year and reoord all ita deoisions in WritiDi~

122 rv rhe 'SANTAL :M:1S~iON OF; THE NORTHER~ CHtrRCHttS. D. THE CHURCH is"" the united body of all congregations and all circles and all districts upon the terms of this declaration. Article 7. THE SYNOD ~ The Synod consists of the General Superintendent who is the President of the Synod. the Trust Body,. the Presidents of the District Church Counoils, and two 'elected delegates of whom one must be a layman from each District, and one delegate elected by the Missionary Conference. The Synod is the supreme body within the churoh for legislation, administrative decisions and final settlement of matters referred to it. Matters related to the whole church, external relations and interdistrict affairs shall be placed be!ore the Synod for decision. The Synod appoints" committees for special work pertaining to the whp~e ch~nch a.nd appoints delega.tes to represent the chureh..,.c.-., "; <' 0',)" _ j : The By-nod Ahall,:rit~~t"';'a;t all its decisions in writing.- least once a year and record Article 8 THB MAHASABHA.. If the Synod at any time in the life of the '-o'htiroh considers itself insufficiently com'petent to decide ali mattei's of vital importance for the church, it may call a Maha Sabha for such decisions. This shall consist of the members of the Synod, one elected representative for each 500 church members calculated by District~, no~ more than 7 representa.tives of major institutions in connection with the church selected by the Synod, and coopted members not,exoeed ing '1 in number invited by the General Superintendent. In ma.tters where 3/5 of'the Church Districts disagree with decisions made by tne Synod a 'M'fLha Sabha may be called. Artiole 9. THE GENERAL SUPERINTENDENT'- The General Superintendent is the duly nominated; approved and installed head of the church. He is the general 8uperviBer of the church. the ordinator of its

123 clergy, as well as the convener of the Synod and of the Maha Sabha. He may delegate his power to any other pastor for a specific purpose. He holds office for a period of 5 years. He may be re-elected. When the office of the General Superintendent is or is becoming vacant, a new General Superintendent is elected in the following way: A. He is nominated. from among the clergy by written ballots by the District Church Councils supplemented by all pastors in service according to rules drawn up by the Synod. Having referred the names of the nominees to the Missionary Conference and the Home Boards for their opinion, the Synod makes the final election. B. When the nominee has been duly elected, the' Synod installs him with episcopal rights and duties for 5 years. Article 10. THE TRUST BODY~ The Trust Deed of the Indian Home Mission to the Santhals of 1880 and the Indenture of the Santal Mission of the Northern Churches of 1920 both envisage a time when the Christian Church originating from the Mission activity shall be competent to manage its 'own affairs spiritually ane!. temporally and the Trust then stand possessed on behalf of the church. Wherefore at that time the Trust Body shall be so rearranged that there continue to be always one duly nominated tlnd appointed Trustee from every District of the church. Arti~le 11. CHURCH AND MISSION:, A. As long as the service of the Santal Mission 01 the Northern Churches is available for attaining the objects of the church and for carrying out her activities trustful cooperation shall be maintained, and alterations in the established relationship shall b~ mutually planned t1iq.d decided by i Synod apd.missionary Con,ference. B. Joint. Oommittees and other needed"', bodies to further the cooperation b&tw:een Church and Mission mar be. esta.blished.

124 VI the SANTAt MissioN O:F TttE NORTHEl-tN CHttRctmt:L C. The right of use and the administration of residential quarters for missionaries with necessary surround ing area. a.nd quarters shall remain with the Santal Mission of.the Northern.Churches as long as foreign.missionaries are in the service. Article 12. RULES AND REGULATIONS: Rules and regulations for the congregations, circles, distric'ts -and general administration of the church shall be sanctioned or enacted by the Synod as from time to time required and in harmony with this Constitution and its By-laws. Article 13. ALTERATION AND AMEND MENTfJ : The article of this Constitution and its By-laws, or any section thereof - except the doctrinal statement -of a.rticle 2 wbichcan not be changed or amended-m,ay be amended, changed. abbreviated, added to, or annulled by the Synod at any of its sessions, provided the members after receiving notice of the proposed alteration approve of it by three-fifths majority. After reference to and accepta1u)e by a four-fifths majority of the District Church Councils, the alteration becomes valid on confirma-. tion by the subsequent session of the Synod by a fourfifths majority. BY LAWS 1. THE EBENESER Ev ANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH consists of the congregations of the Santal Mission of the Northern Churches in Bihar, West Bengal. Assam, East Pakistan, and other8 acce'pted by the authorities of Mission and Church in accordance with rules in force. 2. VOTERS AND ELEOTIONS: All oommunica.pt mem.. hers who are more than 18 years of age and rna; ke re,ula.r c.ontributions to the church funds,. have the right to vote a.nd are eligible to membership of committees and governing bodies- in the church,:

125 EIGHTY-FOURTH ANNUAL REPORT vn 3. DISTRICT 'CHURCH COUNCILS ~ The five District Church Councils are ~ Three for the Santal congregations, namely, one for Santal Parganas, Birbhum, Murshidabad; the second for N orth-west Bengal, Purnea and Eastern Pakistan, and the third for Assam; one for the Boro congregations, and one for the Bengali congregation. 4. THE SYNOD ~ The mem bers of the Synod are elected by the respective District Church Councils for a term of three years. They may be reelected. Each member shall have an elected substitute, who is to represent the member at Synod meetings when the member cannot be present. Beside the President, a Vice-President and Secretary shall be appointed by the Synod for a period of three years. These three" together with the Secretary of the Mission and three members elected by the Synod, shall constitute the Executive Committee of the Synod. The Synod has the final responsibility {or the pro per working of all activities of the church and its institutions. 5. THE GENERAL SUPERINTENDENT:, The General Superintendent as presiding officer of the Synod has.a. casting vote. He has a postponing veto once in each case. If the General Superintendent becomes temporarily incapasitated, the Vice-President of the Synod will act in his place. If the General Superintendent becomes permanently incapasitated, the Vice-President of the Synod will act until a General Superintendent rum be elected a't a special election to take place within 6 months. 6. PENSION FUND ~ The Pemdon Fund established by the S. M. N. C. for Indian Mission Workers is continued under the control of the Synod. 7. TREASURKR: There will be a joint treasurer for the Ebeneser Evangelical Lutheran dhurch.

126 VIII THE SANTAL MISSION OF THE NORTHERN CHUROHES. 8. TRUSTEES ~ When the time comes for rearranging -the Trust Body in accordance with article 10 of the Constitution the pastors actively working in the church and the members of the Synod shall vote by 'ballot to elect the members of the Trust -Body representing the District Church Councils. Maroh 1950 was a disturbed time in North-East India. and therefore many Maha Sabha delegates from Bengal and Assam could not attend the Benaga.ria session March It was therefore decided ~o -call an extra meeting for those eastern representatives at Grahampur on April 4th. The Constitution having been passed, the time had come to re-organize the existing Church Councils so as to be in harmony with the same. This having been done, the first oonstitutional Synod meeting was called and took place at Benagaria Oct. 31st and Nov. 1st. A Church with three languages of worship and a state language different from all three, is a strangely linked t~gether body which is very difficult to administrate. The Synod realized this, and bravely fa~ed the problem. There was in the Synod a real spirit of cooperation. While the Church in its outward shape thus has taken on its new administrative form, in its life as a spiritual body it has just had another blessed year of our Lord in Let me point out some of what the oongregational returns at the end of the year reveal: In the Santal Parganas Church Council area-the.santali using -congregation numbered 67 with a total membership of There were 2026 Christian families. and they lived in 56'2 villages. During the year 259 children of Christian parents were baptize,d. and 158 were by baptism admitted from outride. 184 were con-firmed. 577 communication services were held with communi-. cants, ChurchcoUections amounted to Rs. 7~ *.

127 EIGHTY-FOURTH ANNUAL REPORT IX The North Bengal Church Council area is partly on -the India side and partly inside East Pakistan. Our -Christians shared in the anxiety of the time along the border, and at the end of the year there were 46 small -village congregations with a total membership of The enumerated 465 Christian families lived in 133 villag.es. During the year 54 children of Christian parents were baptized. From outside t'le Church 22 were admitted by baptism. 32 were confirmed. 147 comnlunion services were held with 2312 communicants.,church collections amounted to Rs. 1, In the Assam Church Council area the 43 congregations had a total membership of The 1894 Chrjstian families lived in 160 villages. 252 children of Christians were baptized. From outside in all 411 were admitted by baptism. 200 were confirmed during the year. 301 communion services were held with communicants. Church collections amounted to Rs. 11, The Boro Church Council area is quite as markec y a village community area as the San tal Church Coun cil areas. The 48 Boro congregations had a total membership of 4838, and the 803 Christian families lived in 95 villages. During the year 231 children of Christians were baptized. and from outside 106 were admitted to the Church by baptism. Church collections amounted to Rs The Bengal Church Council area had 45 congregations with a total membership of The 426 Christian families lived in 118 towns and villages. During the year 76 children of Christians were baptized. From outside 102 were by baptism admitted to the Church, and most of these were Garos living in the Cooch Beha.r circle. Church Collections amounted to Rs. 2, t. The interested reader is invited to look at the atta. ched Church Statistics and exa.mine all the figures. I

128 X. THE SANTAL MISSION OF THE NORTHERN CHURCHES. There is full reason to praise the Lord for the year of opportunity and service He gave to the new Church. The fact that His people is found in more than a thousand villages should cause us to rejoice. May every 'Christian home be a sanctified place of worship, and maya ray of light shine from every believer as they toil in their daily labour 1 During this first year visitation took me to nearly 'all congregation in the ARsam Colony and Mornai circle, and also to most of the congregations in the Santipara circle. In the rainy season I made two small trips to Rajadighi in MaIda and Suri in Birbhum, and after the rains it was possible to visit most of the Sultana bad churches and to make a tour through the roadless country Hirapur, Sarsa, Tilabani, Karik~dor, Dhorompur and even over the Sabtola hills. Besides these ordinary visitation tours, Sunday visits to N arainpur, to dedication of N ayadi village church west of Maharo, to Mohulpahari and also taking a few services here at Benagaria, has taken place. I am indebted to both mission.,..aries, pastors, and church mem bers for all kindness and help received, and without which it would not be possible to carry out this service. N ow unto Him that is able to do exceeding abun dantly above all that we ask or think, according to the power that worketh in us, unto Him be glory in the -Church by Christ Jesus throughout all ages, world without -end. Amen. JOHANNES GAUSDA~

129 I EBENESER EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH , CIRCLlllS & CHURCH COUN CIL TOTALS Kaerabani Dumka Jubdi Tilabani SultaDabad Benagaria s. p. c. c. MaId. Purnea W. Dinajpur E. Dinajpur Rajshahi N. B. C. C. Colony Morna i Joema Santipal'a Darrang ASSA.M C. C. Gaorang Bongaigaon Kamrup Darrang BOM C. C. Santo Pargs. Birbhum Mnr. N imasarai Coach Behar BENGAL C. C. til ~.8 ~ d blj Q) '" blj ~ l-~ g 1: c ~.~ ~ Q! 00:;; Q) CD ~D'i: _...c:: :-=0 > 79 l!i : COMMUNITY ~ til Q) i:..0.:s til C Q) 8~ Q!:":: =... ~~ ~ S.~ ce ~o...or; , ) ~ ~ S ~ 0 t«cd t) a;...- Q) 0..0 ;: s C Q) S::g 0 0 I 783! 834 I 8! WORKERS MINISTRATIONS rt) Q) til ~ til 8Q) Om Q) ::... o.~ ; I"t:$ Q) ~ "+-I cp...!:od o ~ I"t:$... ~ 8 = o (Zl <+-i "'0 ~ C C Q) Q) t"i "'0 0 I"t:$S i:: "'Oc~"'O~ IJ) 00 (ll... rll ~ ~~:;; ~Q) c... c ~ S "'O~... Q) SUNDAY SCHOOLS ~ 0....;;... 0 Q) ;::;.~~ ~.o.! s......q ~ IJ) c..... ~~ ~ '.z;~.;!j :.:;.z q:::: rt.l I"t:$ p",... ::... p", III.:: 8= o... a'! " t ~ ~ 0 d ~.:: c 0 P-I ~ P ~ p~ 8 Ill...o..s::: ce Q) 0 III 0 Q) o..c ~ 0 ~ ~OO ~=c: 0 Z... 8 d :So i (j f) ) t } S ) ~ I : I i r J }O RO Q ~ I lis 2127 l I I I I I I I I If! ~ EDUCATIONAL ] CHURCH COLLECTIONS AND OTHER OFFERINGS Rs. A. P l )l ! t J p lot k S It

130 I:: ST:ATEMEN~r-.OF; ACCOUNTS. Auditors' Certificate. t: ~... ".I t ~ Dea.r '. Sirs, We repprt that we have Qhecked the books of the Mission for the year ended 31st December, 1'950, as follows:- the entries ;appearin'g in the General Ca:sh Books.'have-been examined with the subsidiary Books and ; Vouqhers ~with, -::the -exooptien:of the transactions relative to the Saldoha Leper Colony a.nd,the Tea, Q-a.rde,D Acco.unts which we are informed will be separatel~ auait~d. We report that -we have verified the receipts from -, the 'American, Danish and Norwegian Mission Boards during the year under audit- and have-found the entries ::appei\ring in the General Cash Book to be in order. The Bank Pass Book ~~f9- ~be~~ c~cked hy: us and. agrees with the Cash Book and. we have had produced to us ~e.certificate from the Chartered 'Bank of India, Austra'Rw. & China, Caldutta,. in' 'verification of the balance with the Bank at the 31st December, We have examinedthe Zemindary Account and have &soerta.lned. tha t all reupij;ta nces ha va.,been aooounted for in the' General Cash. Book..' COLONY CASH BOOKS,~ "'The books were chec'kedas follows.- 'The remittances from the Mission during the year ba~e ;Qeen checked into these books and were found to be.in ord~r.a.f.ter nece~sa.ry rectificatfons had been made,'bi. ~h.e Treasurer. 'Only a 'very 'few vouchers could be ehedk~d by us as, in the majority <if 'ca.ses, they were either not available or were written in languages which we we're unabl.e to translate, but those which we were able to check were in order. LOAN BOOKS; All postings of the Loan Books have been checked and total balances of the loans and deposits outstanding ha.ve been agreed therewith. INVESTMENTS: The Investments of the Indian Workers Pension Fund, as detailed in the Fund Book, and of the various other Funds as described in the separate Fund Books were verified by reference to certificates from Bankers and by examination of the scrip for Goverment Securities, Fixed Depoyit Receipts, etc., and found to agree therewith. Lyons Range Calcutta, 28th June, Yours faithfully. Lovelock Lewes.

131 , ~ 4-".... ~.,~~,~.',..,' : Statement of Account for the year, ~~ '7....: )~~I~RC~ \\:8; ver 1 ~,Jall~' ;i95.9 P~l.,c" r'.,:rs.':: ~.Sa4ff!-11 -*djustn;tqllt of Ba.la.nce agreed to by-audit '.': /.: ~-.,, :: ' TOTAL BALANCE',Re..3S.~5&.4.0 FROM. 'AMERICAN BOARDi For Budget and b'uilding ~f Moh;ulpahari, ',' " "~: ', c"hospital " 223;962~~3-6 FRq' rian~sh ~BOARD~',,:,ih.'ForBudget-' ". '" 128.;523:f03-3 FROM NORWEGIAN 'BOARB: F'pI' Budget aild retiii'n~'of19a~f~o::',-,,', " ',',,;' "F,ix~a Depo~it~' ~!. ' ~,~.,;. '..,., FROM MORNAI., TEA ESTATE. ili'qr: 1.950'Budget,..'" RSt:,' 127\351 Ul Part "of1oariy ~4'9 t~i>8;id,,'" '52',~49:, " FROM BE~AGARIA ZEMINDABY': For Indian WQrker~!', Pension JlUlle. ',;, :Ma4da.,: Hc>spital ]i'und withd;ra wn ~ '-','..,. FROM FIXED PEPQS'IT C :..,.' lt~trirri,d[ Pa8s,age d~pdsirw.ith Thos Coolr-&:Son....,.. '. I '.".'..~. ~ <' Va'rtious,, B~~k, Int~;reets,,,OJ; n' R~r..,.; I, :000 00':0 '~5.00()l(jO-O 1.~17{05-0 l4m>+-~2-o :l.i~'~~-3.

132 .?:'tlijb u:.~g,~;y::-tou~~h fnnua;l ~PqRT. 111 Statemellt of \ Accounts- 'for 'year ' EXPENDITURE.ordinary Dearn"ess payments.. allowances ~ Ba.setkundi District Re Rs Bena.garia " Chondorpura " " Dhorompur " " I, " " Dinajpur & MaIda,I Dumka, " " " I, Ha.ripur " " Kaera bani District " Koroya " " '1 " " Maharo ~I., " Mohulpahari " Saldoha " ",t , " Tilabani " " Murshidabad " I, Birbhum Bengali Work " 'I N imasarai Bengali W or k Santal Parg. Bengali Work " " Suri Bengali Work I, 'I 360 Santal Colony I Assam " , Joema " " Gaorang., Bongaiga.on " II " Santipara II " Parkijuli " " Total District Work, Ordinary Payments. Rs Total District Work, Dearness-Allowance I'

133 11! THE SANTAt. MlSstON OJ' 'l~int~ -NOItTR:ittm OHURdHES.,RECEIPTS~OpncZtu.led ~. - : ". ~ ' "':; -- Rs. A. P. To ~ thought forward Total Ra

134 EIGHTY-FOURTH ANNUAL REPORT. 113 l EXPENDITURE Ordinary Payments: EDUCATIONAL WORK: Kaer.,.bani High School Rs Maharo Girl School tt Koroya School & Orphanage I, Santal Divinity School " Basetkundi M. E. School " Narainpur Girl School " Eklakhi Girl School " Benagaria Industrial School " Gaorang Girl School, Assam Haraputa Girl Schcol " Grahampur School " " Total Educational Work, Ord. Payments Total Educational Work, D. A. Payments MEDICAL WORK: Benagaria Mohulpahari Hosp. Rs Rs Saldoha Leprosy Colony Kaerabani Dispensary ",t , " 264 Dhorompur Dispensary 300 " Maharo Dispensary 500 " If " Narainpur Dispensary 480 " Eldakhi Dispensary " Murshidabad Dispensary "., M aida. Medical Wark " 648 Sevapur Hospital Assam ",t " Santipara Leprosy Colony " Haraputa Dispensary " tt 288 J oema Dispensary 400 Gaora.J;lg Dispensary 716 " Dearness Allowances: Rs tt " tt 144 't " If " , " I, " Total Medical Work, Odinary Payments R Total Medical Work, Dearness Allowances" Rs

135 i14 "THE SAN~~ MJ I.SION {)F THE. ~OR'f~~ CHURCHES. RECEIPTS,,"." ji':~~ed To: Brought forward Rs. A. P. L ~8~ ".' Total Rs

136 '<~'L:' :,-: '..3T: '~-EiGHTY~FOURTH ANNUAL REPORT; 115 "J.!!f~ +"',.,!. : ':": '~EXPE'NJjlTURE, ;1" - _~. ':'-. r Total from last page brought forward Salaries for Missionaries on the field ' 1!)M:rness-allowance for missionaries. on the fiield " Hillal~owances for missionaries 01). the field.,, AU6wance from missionary single on a station,. -:.8er,v;ants, dearnesr allowance " Childrens tuition fee, and travel to school I, Incometax " Can-rerence & Committees, and travel " CyCles" & Setting House' Allowance " MediCine & Hospital Expences for missionaries Boarding allowance 'for Dumka & BenagarIa, Secretaryl s travel " Expenditure for Dumka Offices, D. A. included Expenditure for Church Office, D.A. included "for missionstations :lja'd.d'l'ent~ " Civil Burgeon Fee., S. M. N. C. s' contribution to Indi"n Workers Pension Fun~. " Stipends for educations of Indians Affiliationfee to Councils firiar:s,ettlei71ent of Assam Hospital & Leper Fund paid' to San.tipara Leprosy Colony". New Construction 'and Major:h~pairs " ~ga1 Expenges, Print of Report, Audit Fee.. Refunded "Norinco Limited" Bill on cloth etc. f~t Sevapur ;Hospital, bought by Dr. O. Forman Types -for Benagaria Preas " Ca.&hlngcharges. Discount OD -loans,bankservices '&pltwed oli " Fixed Deposit." with Chartered Ba.nk~ Oale;utta,. Balances in hand: Cash as per 3l Dee Rs :J3a.nk.~., " ' Rs ' '00 : ' r, '.. ' ~ ~~~'~~'-.--:.~ ~B o2-0~-3 ~; '..\.l,: f.:: I; II \ I

137 116 THE SANTAL MISSION OF THE NORTHERN CHURCHES. Indian Workers Pension Fund's Accounts on the 31st December DEBIT ~ Balance per 1 January CONTRIBUTION FROM MEMBERS: For year Rs For year 1950.,, CONTRIBUTION FROM S. M. N. C. IN'l'EREST t year interest on Government loan CA 87 Rs " 4~OOO-OO-0 " tt Rs , Balance trf. next year Ra Balance trf. next year ( from stock) It CREDIT: REFUND OF CONTRIBU'rION TO previous members PENSION PAID To members for year 1949 Rs To members for year 1950 " , Balance per 31. December 1950 Capital per 1 Jan Increase in ca.pital CAPITAL INVESTED. Rs " I " Rs '00-1. Rs ~14-8,t- ' Rs Government loan of 1886/87 CA 87 nom. v at cost Rs On Fixed Deposit with Chartered Bank, Cal. Rs Cash held at Dumka trf. fixed deposit ' Chartered Bank; Calcutta,, Interest for 1950 OJ) F. D /-,. 225 Cr-edit Bal. trf. ourrantaee. " " I, On fixed dep. with Himatsi~ka, Dumka. "

138 EIGHTY-FOURTH ANNUAL REPORT. 117 IntersBt for 1950 included. On fixed dep. with Mahadeolal Prohhudayal Rs interest for Balances currant account: Rs. 4:

139 YALE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII~ ~I ~111~1111I

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