The secret of the LORD is with them that fear him; and he will show them his covenant. Psalm 25:14. Vol. 22, No. 5 Straight and Nar row May2013

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1 Stand ye in the ways, and see, and ask for the old paths, where is the good way, and walk therein, and ye shall find rest for your souls. Jeremiah 6:16 The secret of the LORD is with them that fear him; and he will show them his covenant. Psalm 25:14 Vol. 22, No. 5 Straight and Nar row May2013

2 A Tactical Briefing You and I are in war fare. Some times when things go easy and the bat tle is not strong at the moment, we for get that we are in a war, and it is vital that we know the tac tics of the enemy, to under stand and to know his meth ods and his move ments. In Gen e sis chap ter 3 we read about the ser pent that deceived Eve. This ser pent was the agency that led this world into sin. Let s take a closer look at the story of Gen e sis 3. It first tells us that the ser pent was more sub tle than any beast of the field. This is not to give us a biol ogy les son or a zool ogy ses sion; it is not given to us to teach us about the ser pent, but rather to teach us about what the ser pent sym bol izes in the scrip tures and to teach us about our great enemy, the devil. The ser pent said unto the women, Yea, hath God said, Ye shall not eat of every tree of the gar den (Gen e sis 3:1)? We first of all find that Satan pres ents the ques tion to Eve in an incred u lous man ner, in a way that will cause her to ques tion either the truth ful ness of the com mand or the rea son behind it. And the woman said unto the ser pent, We may eat of the fruit of the trees of the gar den: But of the fruit of the tree which is in the midst of the gar den, God hath said, Ye shall not eat of it, nei ther shall ye touch it, lest ye die. And the ser pent said unto the woman, Ye shall not surely die: For God doth know that in the day ye eat thereof, then your eyes shall be opened, and ye shall be as gods, know ing good and evil. (Gen e sis 3:2 5) It gets inter est ing that the Greek word for ser pent,ophis (o[fiv) is from optanomai (ojptavnomai) which means to see, and by impli ca tion this word has the con no ta tion to per ceive, to under stand, and it may very well be the knowl edge of good and evil which came through the agency of the ser pent caused this con nec tion between the phrase to see and the word serpent. I am refer ring to the word that is found in the Greek and this same word is used in the LXX ver sion of Gen - e sis 3:1. Through the agency of the ser pent, the knowl edge of the good min gled or mixed with evil came to human ity. God, By Da vid Sims how ever, only intended for us to have the knowl edge of good. The Greek word for dragon in the New Tes ta ment is Iis drakon (dravkwn). It is used in such places as Rev e la tion 12:9: And the great dragon was cast out, that old ser pent, called the Devil, and Satan, which deceiveth the whole world: he was cast out into the earth, and his angels were cast out with him. Accord ing to Strong s Greek Dic tio nary, drakon also has a con nec tion with another word which means to see. The idea of see ing, per ceiv ing, or under stand ing gives us the idea of wis dom and sub tlety. Gen e sis 3:1 brings out this idea of the sub tlety of the ser pent, the ser pent was more subtil than any beast of the field. And this is the descrip tion we find of Luci fer in Ezekiel 28:17: Thine heart was lifted up because of thy beauty, thou hast cor rupted thy wis dom by rea son of thy bright ness: I will cast thee to the ground, I will lay thee before kings, that they may behold thee. Luci fer was the anointed cherub (v. 14). God cre ated Luci fer per fect in all his ways, (v.15). Luci fer was a being of great beauty and wis dom, but he used this wis dom and his tal ents to glo - rify him self, and he per verted these gifts and turned them against his cre ator. In look ing at the tac tics which Satan uses against us, it s help ful to under stand the rea sons for his own fall because we are going to see a sim i lar ity between the things that caused Luci fer s fall and the things he brings to bear against us in his attempt to cause us to fall. Return ing to the story of Gen e sis 3, it was the ser pent that was the agency which Satan used to deceive man kind and cause man to fall. In verses 13 and 14 we find God speak ing to the ser pent, as if it was an intel li gent being with a moral qual ity includ ing the abil ity to choose right and wrong. And the LORD God said unto the woman, What is this that thou hast done? And the woman said, The ser pent be - guiled me, and I did eat. And the LORD God said unto the Old Paths May 2013

3 ser pent, Be cause thou hast done this, thou art cursed above all cat tle, and above ev ery beast of the field; upon thy belly shalt thou go, and dust shalt thou eat all the days of thy life: And I will put en mity be tween thee and the woman, and be tween thy seed and her seed; it shall bruise thy head, and thou shalt bruise his heel. (Gen e sis 3:13 15) We see in verse 15 that God is speak ing in spir i tual terms, per son i fy ing the ser pent. The Bible is using the ser pent as a sym bol for Satan because it was, indeed, Satan who was using the agency of the ser pent, and the qual i ties of the ser - pent, being sub tle and wise, are an apt descrip tion of our great enemy. He is not dumb, or one whom we may take lightly. We must real ize that we are in a ter ri ble bat tle. Paul says, Fi nally, my breth ren, be strong in the Lord, and in the power of his might. Put on the whole ar mour of God, that ye may be able to stand against the wiles of the devil. For we wres tle not against flesh and blood, but against prin ci - pal i ties, against pow ers, against the rul ers of the dark ness of this world, against spir i tual wick ed ness in high places. (Ephe sians 6:10 12) God warns us here that we need to be spe cially fit ted and pre pared because we do not have an ordi nary foe. We have a foe that is might ier than we are, and we need the power and the armor of God to with stand his attacks. Notice Paul speaks of the wiles of the devil the sly, decep tive, and sneaky attacks of the devil. But I fear, lest by any means, as the ser pent be guiled Eve through his subtilty, so your minds should be cor rupted from the sim plic ity that is in Christ. (2 Co rin thi ans 11:3) The Apos tle Paul real ized that there was a dan ger that the Corin thi ans would be beguiled and under-handedly deceived. They would be over come by under handed means. It is one thing when an enemy comes to you dis play ing his weap ons; at least you know you are up against an enemy. At least we know who the enemy is and what the enemy plans to do. It is another thing entirely when your friend comes up to give you a hug and a kiss and then stabs you in the back. Satan worked sub tly through the ser pent against Eve, and he is using very sim i lar tac tics today. For such are false apos tles, de ceit ful work ers, trans - form ing them selves into the apos tles of Christ. And no mar vel; for Sa tan him self is trans formed into an an gel of light. (2 Co rin thi ans 11:13, 14) How often we have been ready to espouse the cause of an angel of light, to espouse the cause of an appar ent good cause, the cause of some one pro fess ing to be very spir i tual and very mis sion ary-minded? In real ity, how ever, they have merely been in the appear ance of an angel of light, when they were not in the light. There fore it is no great thing if his min is ters also be trans - formed as the min is ters of righ teous ness; whose end shall be accord ing to their works (2 Corin thi ans 11:15). Now let us go back and exam ine some of Satan s meth ods in a lit tle more detail. In Gen e sis 3:4 we read, And the ser - pent said unto the woman, Ye shall not surely die. God had warned that they would die. Satan comes with a more flat ter - ing idea, You will not die. You can t die! You are full of life and energy. Look at your health, what could pos si bly cause you to die? In fact, who is to say that there is such a thing as death? Have you ever seen such a thing as even a leaf die? Much less can you die? Notice in verse 5 the insin u a tion of flat ter ing thoughts, as Satan con tin ues: For God doth know that in the day ye eat thereof, then your eyes shall be opened, and ye shall be as gods, know ing good and evil. The praise was extended to Eve that she would be worth far more than for which she was given credit. She ought to have an exalted sta tion in life, one far above her pres ent exis tence. She should be like God; after all, did n t she have wis dom? Did n t she have many pow ers of per cep tion, under stand ing, wis dom, and strength? All she needed was to be able to eat from this fruit and she would be as God. Satan came with flat tery mak ing her feel good, giv - ing her ideas and prop o si tions that would exalt her. He made Eve feel that some how she had been snubbed by God. Some - thing had been with held from her the knowl edge of good and evil and accord ing to the ser pent, that was n t right. Satan, in effect, came to Eve to give her that which God had with held from her. We see Satan s min is ters using the same tac tics today. They prom ise to give us things if we merely trans gress the law of God. Satan holds out to peo ple the offer that if they will merely trans gress God s law just once that they will obtain great good. Eve turned from the gen er ous offer that God had extended to her, and she took a huge risk of los ing all by giv ing into the flat tery with which Satan induced her and the prom ises he held out to her of obtain ing a higher sphere and of even more. Eve had the whole world every thing that her eyes beheld was hers but she wanted more and instead lost all! In Gen e sis 4 we find Satan once again employ ing his arts against man kind. Abel, fol low ing the com mand of God, brought an offer ing to the gate of the Gar den of Eden, and he offered there a lamb, rep re sent ing a purity that he could not give, rep re sent ing the free gift of righ teous ness. Cain, on the other hand, brought a sym bol of his own work, a sym bol of his hands and what he could offer. Satan inspires peo ple today with self-righ teous ness, with gifts that they deem ought to be accept able to God, rather than accept ing the gift that God has given. The ways and means that Satan used is rem i nis cent of his own fall which we read about in Isa iah 14:12 14: How art thou fallen from heaven, O Lu ci fer, son of the morn ing! how art thou cut down to the ground, which didst weaken the na tions! For thou hast said in thine heart, I will as cend into heaven, I will ex alt my throne above the stars of God: I will sit also upon the mount of the con gre - Vol. 22, No

4 ga tion, in the sides of the north: I will as cend above the heights of the clouds; I will be like the most High. Satan was not sat is fied with the posi tion which God had given him; he wanted a higher posi tion. He wanted more power, fame, glory, and more of every thing! In grasp ing for this and in his attempt to come out from under the con trol of God and try ing to obtain to a higher sphere of exis tence, he fell to the low est depths and shall be, as Isa iah notes: Yet thou shalt be brought down to hell, to the sides of the pit. They that see thee shall nar rowly look upon thee, and con - sider thee, say ing, Is this the man that made the earth to trem ble, that did shake king doms (vs. 15, 16). Begin ning on page 337 of the book The Spirit of Proph ecy, vol ume 4, is a chap ter enti tled The Snares of Satan. This chap ter enlight ens us with Satan s bat tle plans: As the peo ple of God ap proach the per ils of the last days [that s us], Sa tan holds ear nest con sul ta tion with his an - gels as to the most suc cess ful plan of over throw ing their faith. He sees that the pop u lar churches are al ready lulled to sleep by his de cep tive power. By pleas ing soph istry and ly ing won ders he can con tinue to hold them un der his con - trol. There fore he di rects his an gels to lay their snares es pe cially for those who are look ing for the sec ond ad vent of Christ [that s us], and en deav or ing to keep all the commandments of God. Says the great deceiver: We must watch those who are call ing the atten tion of the peo ple to the Sab bath of Jeho vah; they will lead many to see the claims of the law of God; and the same light which reveals the true Sab bath, reveals also the min is tra tion of Christ in the heav enly sanc tu ary, and shows that the last work for man s sal va tion is now going for - ward. Hold the minds of the peo ple in dark ness till that work is ended, and we shall secure the world and the church also. The Sab bath is the great ques tion which is to decide the des tiny of souls. We must exalt the Sab bath of our cre at ing. We have caused it to be accepted by both worldlings and church-mem bers; now the church must be led to unite with the world in its sup port. We must work by signs and won ders to blind their eyes to the truth, and lead them to lay aside rea - son and the fear of God, and fol low cus tom and tra di tion. (Spirit of Proph ecy, vol. 4, pp. 337, 338) These are the words of Satan, and he says that he is going to work by signs and won ders to blind the eyes of the peo ple of God to the truth, so that they may lay aside rea son and the fear of God and in their place sub sti tute cus tom and tra di tion. I will in flu ence pop u lar min is ters to turn the at ten tion of their hear ers from the com mand ments of God. That which the Scrip tures de clare to be a per fect law of lib erty shall be rep re sented as a yoke of bond age. The peo ple ac - cept their min is ters ex pla na tions of Scrip ture, and do not in ves ti gate for them selves. There fore by work ing through the min is ters, I can con trol the peo ple ac cord ing to my will. (Ibid., p. 338) Broth ers and sis ters, we do not need to be deceived. If we will exer cise and use our rea son and study for our selves and not merely take the words of a pop u lar min is ter, we need not be deceived. It is one thing to hear the words of min is ters, those who inspire many thoughts and arouse ques tions in our minds that cause us to reach out and dig into the word of God for answers, but we are to accept no man as the final author ity for any thing. The Scrip tures given by min is ters using a line of rea son ing may help bring out truths that would be dif fi cult to grasp any other way, but in the end you and I are respon si - ble for what we believe, for our behav ior, and ulti mately for the con dem na tion or exon er a tion we will receive when we stand before the bar of God. Eve did not have to be deceived; she was beguiled, but she allowed her self to be beguiled because she gave in to the flat - ter ing sen ti ments of Satan. She allowed the thought of reach ing to and of obtain ing a higher sphere of exis tence to influ ence her deci sions. But our prin ci pal con cern is to si lence this sect of Sab - bath-keep ers. We must ex cite pop u lar in dig na tion against them. We will en list great men and worldly-wise men upon our side, and in duce those in au thor ity to carry out our pur poses. Then the Sab bath which I have set up shall be en forced by laws the most se vere and ex act ing. Those who dis re gard them shall be driven out from the cit ies and vil lages, and made to suf fer hun ger and pri va tion. When once we have the power, we will show that we can do with those who will not swerve from their al le giance to God. We led the Romish Church to in flict im pris on ment, tor - ture, and death upon those who re fused to yield to her de crees, and now that we are bring ing the Protestant churches and the world into har mony with this right arm of our strength, we will fi nally have a law to ex ter mi nate all who will not sub mit to our au thor ity. When death shall be made the pen alty of vi o lat ing our Sab bath, then many who are now ranked with commandment-keepers will come over to our side. But before pro ceed ing to these extreme mea sures, we must exert all our wis dom and sub tlety to deceive and ensnare those who honor the true Sab bath. We can sep a rate many from Christ by world li ness, lust, and pride. They may think them selves safe because they believe the truth, but indul gence of appe tite or the lower pas sions, which will con - fuse judg ment and destroy dis crim i na tion, will cause their fall. (Ibid., pp. 338, 339) Notice what will cause the fall of those peo ple prior to this great trib u la tion when the laws of the land are enacted demand ing the life of Sab bath keep ers. Before that time, which is now, Satan is going to attempt to cause God s peo ple to fall through indul gence of appe tite or the lower pas sions, which will con fuse judg ment and destroy dis crim i na tion. Did you know that appe tite has that power? Did you know that your appe tite can cause your judg ment and dis crim i na - tion to become con fused and will cause your fall? This is Old Paths May 2013

5 In dul gence of ap pe tite, even with good food, de stroys good judg ment what inspi ra tion says. We can be sep a rated from Christ by world li ness, lust, and pride. Did you know that just think ing like the world, desir ing the cloth ing of the world, the games of the world, and the activ i ties of the world, that these things can sep a rate us from the Christ and cause our fall? Satan con - tin ues with his plans: Go, make the pos sess ors of lands and money drunk with the cares of this life. Pres ent the world be fore them in its most at trac tive light, that they may lay up their trea sure here, and fix their af fec tions upon earthly things. We must do our ut most to pre vent those who la bor in God s cause from ob tain ing means to use against us. Keep the money in our own ranks. The more means they ob tain, the more they will in jure our king dom by tak ing from us our sub jects. Make them care more for money than for the upbuilding of Christ s king dom and the spread of the truths we hate, and we need not fear their in flu ence; for we know that ev ery self ish, cov et ous per son will fall un der our power, and will fi nally be sep a rated from God s peo ple. (Ibid., p. 339) Broth ers and sis ters, the love of money is the root of all evil (1 Tim o thy 6:10), but self ish ness is the caus ative fac tor for the desire of money. Self ish ness is at the root of lov ing money. We only love money because of what it can do for us. Self ish ness was Luci fer s prob lem. He wanted to exalt him - self above the stars of God. Self ish ness is an insid i ous and dan ger ous sin. Ellen White tells us of a dream she had: On the morn ing of Oc to ber 23, 1879, about two o clock, the Spirit of the Lord rested upon me, and I be held scenes in the com ing judg ment. Lan guage fails me in which to give an ad e quate de scrip tion of the things which passed be fore me and of the ef fect they had upon my mind. (Tes ti mo nies for the Church, vol. 4, p. 384) In this impres sive rev e la tion she saw the books of heaven, includ ing the book of sins. She noted that under the gen eral head ing of self ish ness came every other sin (Ibid.). Satan is try ing to keep the means and resources within his own ranks, tied up in stocks and bonds instead of being out in the field sup port ing gos pel work ers, lit er a ture, and the spread ing of the truth. Satan says, Make them care more for money than for the upbuilding of Christ s king dom and the spread of the truths we hate. Through those that have a form of god li ness but know not the power, we can gain many who would oth er wise do us great harm. (Spirit of Proph ecy, vol. 4, p. 339; em pha - sis sup plied) Through those who have a form of god li ness, those who make a pro fes sion, Satan is going to work through those whose hearts are filled with self ish ness yet who make a great show of pity! Lov ers of plea sure more than lov ers of God will be our most effective helpers. (Ibid.) Would you rather go to the bowl ing alley, the ice-skat ing rink, or some thing merely for plea sure instead of advanc ing the cause of God by pass ing out lit er a ture, vis it ing the sick, mak ing a phone call to the down and out, and min is ter ing in Christ s stead? Pro fessed Chris tians are lov ers of plea sure more than lov - ers of God. What about us? Instead of search ing the scrip tures on Sat ur day night, do we play games, such as Monop oly? Are we inter ested in dis cern ing the signs of the times, or are we just inter ested in a good time? Those of this class who are apt and in tel li gent will serve as de coys to draw oth ers into our snares. (Ibid.) Do you know what a decoy is? It is some thing, in this case, that diverts peo ple s atten tion away from what they need to be con cen trat ing on. That s the tac tic that magi cians use. They get your atten tion by doing some thing with one hand, while they sub tly do some thing with the other hand. Many will not fear their in flu ence, be cause they pro fess the same faith. We will thus lead them to con clude that the re quire ments of Christ are less strict than they once be - lieved, and that by con for mity to the world they would ex ert a greater in flu ence with worldlings. Thus they will sep a rate from Christ; then they will have no strength to re - sist our power, and erelong they will be ready to rid i cule their for mer zeal and de vo tion. (Spirit of Proph ecy, vol. 4, pp. 339, 340) It is a ter ri ble thing to see some one who was once con - victed of some thing, finally begin to even rid i cule their for mer con vic tions. Those who have a great pro fes sion of god li ness can serve as decoys for Satan. They can be very effi cient agents for his work and cause oth ers to stum ble and fall by their exam ple. Un til the great de ci sive blow shall be struck, our ef - forts against com mand ment-keep ers must be un tir ing. We must be pres ent at all their gath er ings. In their large meet - ings es pe cially our cause will suf fer much, and we must ex er cise great vig i lance, and em ploy all our se duc tive arts to pre vent souls from hear ing the truth and be com ing impressed by it. Vol. 22, No

6 I will have upon the ground, as my agents, men hold - ing false doc trines min gled with just enough truth to de ceive souls. I will also have un be liev ing ones pres ent, who will ex press doubts in re gard to the Lord s mes sages of warn ing to his church. Should the peo ple read and be - lieve these ad mo ni tions, we could have lit tle hope of over com ing them. But if we can di vert their at ten tion from these warn ings, they will re main ig no rant of our power and cun ning, and we shall se cure them in our ranks at last. God will not per mit his words to be slighted with im pu - nity. If we can keep souls de ceived for a time, God s mercy will be with drawn, and he will give them up to our full con trol. (The Spirit of Proph ecy, vol. 4, p. 340) That is a sol emn thought to think that after a time of being in decep tion that God will give us up to Satan s con trol. We must cause dis trac tion and di vi sion. We must de stroy their anx i ety for their own souls, and lead them to criti - cise, to judge, and to ac cuse and con demn one an other, and to cher ish self ish ness and en - mity. For these sins, God ban ished us from his pres ence; and all who fol low our ex am - ple will meet a similar fate. The Scrip tures de clare that upon one oc ca sion, when the an gels of God came to pres ent them selves be fore the Lord, Sa tan came also among them, not to bow be fore the Eter nal King, but to fur ther his own ma li cious de signs against the righ teous. With the same ob - ject he is in at ten dance when men as sem ble for the wor ship of God. Though hid den from sight, he is work ing with all dil i gence to con trol the minds of the wor ship ers. Like a skill ful gen eral, he lays his plans be fore hand. As he sees the mes sen ger of God search ing the Scrip tures, he takes note of the sub ject to be pre sented to the peo ple. Then he em ploys all his cun ning and shrewd ness to so con trol cir cum stances that the mes sage may not reach those whom he is de ceiv ing on that very point. The one who most needs the warn ing will be urged into some busi - ness trans ac tion which re quires his pres ence, or will by some other means be pre vented from hear ing the words that might prove to him a sa vor of life unto life. (The Spirit of Proph ecy, vol. 4, pp. 340, 341) Satan will cause the phone to ring, some one to knock on the door, the dog to bark, or other things to dis tract us from the mes sage that is needed so much. Satan is lay ing his plans like a wise gen eral. He is accom plish ing his plans upon you and me, and we sit there like we are blind to it, fol low ing his sug ges tions. We allow our selves to become dis tracted. We Sa tan will use any thing to dis tract us from study and prayer think of some thing that needs to be put away in the kitchen, we watch the cute lit tle tod dler that walks by or that is in the mother s arms, or we hear the cat purr and want to pick up it up. Satan will use any thing that will dis tract us and divert our atten tion from the things that God wants us to hear. Beloved, is God so unim por tant that we allow these kinds of dis trac - tions in our wor ship ser vices or in our per sonal devo tions? Again, Sa tan sees the Lord s ser vants bur dened be cause of the spir i tual dark ness that en shrouds the peo ple. He hears their ear nest prayers for di vine grace and power to break the spell of indifference, carelessness, and indolence. Then with re newed zeal he plies his arts. He tempts men to the in dul - gence of ap pe tite or to some other form of self-grat i fi ca tion, and thus be numbs their sen si bil i ties, so that they fail to hear the very things which they most need to learn. Sa tan well knows that all whom he can lead to ne glect prayer and the search ing of the Scrip tures will be over come by his at tacks. There fore he in vents ev ery pos si ble de vice to en gross the mind. [even good and nec es - sary things] There has ever been a class pro fess ing god li ness who, in stead of fol low ing on to know the truth, make it their re li gion to seek some fault of char ac ter or er - ror of faith in those with whom they do not agree. Such are Sa - tan s right-hand help ers. Ac cus ers of the breth ren are not few; and they are al ways ac tive when God is at work, and his ser vants are ren der ing him true hom age. They will put a false col or ing upon the words and acts of those who love and obey the truth. They will rep re sent the most ear nest, zeal ous, self-de ny ing ser vants of Christ as de ceived or de - ceiv ers. It is their work to mis rep re sent the mo tives of ev ery true and no ble deed, to cir cu late in sin u a tions, and arouse sus pi cion in the minds of the in ex pe ri enced. In ev - ery con ceiv able man ner they will seek to cause that which is pure and righ teous to be re garded as foul and de cep tive. And in this work the agents of Sa tan have their mas ter and his an gels to help them. (Ibid., pp. 341, 342) Have we, broth ers and sis ters, been instru men tal in this work as agents of Satan? Have we allowed our selves to be his mouth piece at times? I appeal to each one of you that we cease from this work. Con tin u ing, Ellen White writes: But none need be de ceived con cern ing them. It may be readily seen whose chil dren they are, whose ex am ple they fol low, and whose work they do. Ye shall know them by their fruits. [Mat thew 7:16.] They closely re sem ble Sa - tan, the en ven omed slan derer, the ac cuser of the brethren. Old Paths May 2013

7 It is Sa tan s plan to bring into the church in sin cere, un - re gen er ate el e ments that will en cour age doubt and un be lief, and hin der all who de sire to see the work of God ad vance, and to ad vance with it. Many who have no real faith in God or in his word, as sent to some prin ci ples of truth, and pass as Chris tians; and thus they are en abled to in tro duce their er rors as scrip tural doc trines. It is Sa tan s plan to bring into the church in sin cere, un - re gen er ate el e ments that will en cour age doubt and un be lief, and hin der all who de sire to see the work of God ad vance, and to ad vance with it. Many who have no real faith in God or in his word, as sent to some prin ci ples of truth, and pass as Chris tians; and thus they are en abled to in tro duce their er rors as scrip tural doc trines. (Ibid, p. 342) It was thus that Lu ci fer him self was cast out of Heaven. He be came dis sat is fied be cause all the se crets of God s pur poses were not con fided to him, and he en tirely dis re - garded that which was re vealed con cern ing his own work in the lofty po si tion as signed him. By arous ing the same dis con tent in the an gels un der his com mand, he caused their fall. Now he seeks to im bue the minds of men with the same spirit, and to lead them also to dis re gard the di - rect com mands of God. (Ibid., p. 346) Here is a very clear expla na tion of Satan s tac tics. He causes dis sat is fac tion and dis con tent with the posi tion, the work, and the knowl edge that God has given us and arouses that same spirit in us that led to his fall. He leads us to dis re - gard the direct com mand of God. Those who are un will ing to ac cept the plain, cut ting truths of the Bi ble, are con tin u ally seek ing for pleas ing fa - bles that will quiet their con sciences. The less spir i tual, self-de ny ing, and hu mil i at ing the doc trines pre sented, the greater the fa vor with which they are re ceived. These per - sons de grade the in tel lec tual pow ers to serve their car nal de sires. Too wise in their own con ceit to search the word of God with con tri tion of soul and ear nest prayer for di - vine guid ance, they have no shield from de lu sion. (Ibid.) Did you under stand that? They have no shield from delu - sion! Why? They have no shield because they are too wise in their own eyes to seek the word of God with con tri tion of soul and ear nest prayer for divine guid ance. Now let us return to Ephe sians 6 and exam ine the Chris - tian armor in more detail. Where fore take unto you the whole armour of God, that ye may be able to with stand in the evil day, and hav ing done all, to stand (Ephe sians 6:13). By look ing at the pieces of the armor that God wants us to put on, we will see indi ca tions of more of the tac tics and meth ods of the enemy. Stand there fore, hav ing your loins girt about with truth (v. 14). The impli ca tion is that Satan will be attack ing us with false hood and lies. We need truth! We need to have truth be as a gir dle hold ing us and con fin ing us, keep - ing us from going off with every wind of doc trine. Paul con tin ues, hav ing on the breast plate of righ teous ness (v. 14). The indi ca tion is that Satan will be pre sent ing a false righ teous ness, a righ teous ness that is not righ teous ness at all but rather a self righ teous ness, sat is fied with what we think is right, with the gifts we think ought to be accepted. Instead of bring ing what God has asked, instead of pre sent ing the offer - ings that God requires of us, we bring some thing that represents self. Paul con tin ues, And your feet shod with the prep a ra tion of the gos pel of peace (v. 15). The impli ca tion is that Satan will be attack ing us with vio lence. Indeed, we can look in the annals of his tory and find this con firmed. But God s mes sen - gers will not show strife. Above all, tak ing the shield of faith, where with ye shall be able to quench all the fiery darts of the wicked (v. 16). The impli ca tion is that Satan will be attack ing us with fiery darts of doubt, dis cour age ment, and despon dency. He wants to cause us to let go of our hold on God, our belief in God, and to let go of our con fi dence in his love and mercy. And take the hel met of sal va tion, and the sword of the Spirit, which is the word of God (v. 17). Satan is going to be attack ing you with ideas, false rea son ing, and false doc trines which will cause you to doubt your sal va tion, and won der if God can truly save you or for give you. He wants to cause you to won der: Will God be able to reach to the very depths of my being and save me from the things I am so prone to, from the very evils I have devel oped, or from the ten den cies I have inher ited? Satan seeks to try to take the word of God from us. He brings in every con ceiv able thing to keep us from search - ing the word. He tries to cause us to doubt the valid ity of the word. Satan tries to cause us to doubt the ori gin of the Bible or that we have a faith ful trans la tion. Satan wants us to doubt the verac ity of the Bible so we might doubt cer tain state - ments and if we can not under stand them we would say, well, maybe it has been added, changed, or left out and if so, then we are under no obli ga tion to fol low the part of the text we do under stand because of our doubt of the por tion that we do not under stand. I am not say ing that we do not search for accu racy of mean ing or for the best text or trans la tion, etc., but the sen ti - ment that God has not had a pro tect ing hand over his word and left us a Bible we can not trust to be an infal li ble rev e la - tion of his will is dan ger ous ground to tread. There are many ways that Satan tries to take the word of God from us. Lastly, Paul says, Pray ing always with all prayer and sup - pli ca tion in the Spirit, and watch ing thereunto with all per se ver ance and sup pli ca tion for all saints (v. 18). The impli ca tion is that Satan will cause us to seek to trust in our - selves. He will attempt to lead us to neglect prayer and that com mu nion that is so nec es sary, so that we might receive power from heaven and the rein force ments that are so needed. Broth ers and sis ters, We wres tle not against flesh and blood, but against prin ci pal i ties, against pow ers, against the rul ers of the dark ness of this world, against spir i tual wick ed - ness in high places. Where fore take unto you the whole Vol. 22, No

8 armour of God, that ye may be able to with stand in the evil day, and hav ing done all, to stand (vs. 12, 13). Old Paths May 2013

9 The Bitterness of Sugar The year was The Bat tle Creek San i tar ium, under the guid ance of Dr. John Harvey Kellogg, was by now well-estab lished and greatly expanded in ser vices from its early days of oper a tion, when in 1866, as the West ern Health Reform Insti tute, it had seen 106 patients. In the year 1906, 7,006 patrons entered its doors. When Kellogg took over as direc tor in 1876 (a year after he had received his med i cal degree), he wanted to cure peo ple of what one observer had called Americanitis or the bloated, gas eous stom ach ache caused by the ail ment oth er wise known as dys pep sia. The whole coun try seemed to be suf fer ing from it, thanks in large part to what they were eat ing for break fast. Nine teenth-cen - tury Amer i cans typ i cally started their morn ings with sau sages, beef steaks, bacon, and fried ham, to which, as the day pro gressed, they added salt pork and whis key. Grease, in effect, had become the national con di ment (Michael Moss, Salt Sugar Fat: How the Food Giants Hooked Us, p. 68). As a med i cal stu dent at New York City s Belle vue Hos - pi tal Med i cal Col lege, John Harvey Kellogg had seen, up close, what this diet was do ing to Amer ica s health. Con - cerned by the pro fu sion of in di ges tion he saw, he ended up beat ing a hasty re treat to his home state of Mich i gan, where he de cided that what Amer ica needed as much as an other doc tor was some one to pro mote better nutrition. Kellogg took over a tiny health fa cil ity in Bat tle Creek, a town on the prai rie 120 miles west of De troit, and re - named it the Bat tle Creek San i tar ium. He added a so lar ium, a gym na sium, and a glassed-in palm gar den with rub ber trees. As word of the fa cil ity s sal u tary treat - ments got around, the rooms be gan fill ing up. In high sea son, four hun dred guests [at a time] were tended to by a staff of one thou sand, and they hap pily un der went a re - lent less re gime of baths, en e mas, and ex er cise that in cluded a high-step ping work out to a song that was dubbed The Bat tle Creek San i tar ium March. Mostly, though, Kellogg sought to re make their eat ing hab its with a strict di etary reg i men. He served wheat glu ten mush, oat meal crack ers, gra ham rolls, and a tea made from a South Af ri can grass. He dis dained salt and ab horred sugar, cit ing the overconsumption of both as pri mary con tri bu - tors to the na tion s health woes, so there was none of ei ther to be found in the san i tar ium food. Nor was there much fat; his re form diet was built around whole grains and a dearth of meat. (Ibid., pp. 68, 69) And as 1906 rolled around, John Harvey Kellogg and his brother, Will (who was also the san i tar ium s book keeper), were well on their way to pro vid ing a nutri tious break fast for their patients. The kitch ens were now pro duc ing a novel type of break fast food a flaked wheat cereal that had been rolled By Onycha Holt between roll ers and dried in ovens. It was devoid of salt and sugar, but was received well and sold 113,400 pounds in its early days. Will Kellogg then began to exper i ment with flakes of corn, and in 1906, while his brother was in Europe on a med i cal sci ence trip, he added sugar to his corn mix ture. Thus was born Kellogg s Toasted Corn Flakes! Sales for this sweet ened cereal really took off, but the unhealth i ness of it, in John Kellogg s mind, and other issues caused a feud between him and Will, with them fight ing over the use of the name Kellogg and with them even tu ally going their sep a rate ways. Most of us know that over time Kellogg became dis so ci - ated with Adventism, due to his the ol ogy and admin is tra tive ideas, but much of Kellogg s med i cal work had grown from a desire to help oth ers. He had an inven tive mind (in addi tion to a flam boy ant spirit), and he directed it to the care of oth ers, includ ing the poor and the needy. In har mony with his pro - gram for health ful liv ing, which stressed the use of nat u ral rem e dies such as water, fresh air, sun shine, and a veg e tar ian diet, Dr. Kellogg s approach to slum prob lems was sim ple and prac ti cal... I take it to be the duty of every Chris tian com mu nity to see that every home less hun gry man is fed. These men need not only shel ter and food, but broth erly kind ness, encour age ment, and instruc tion. They need to be taken by the hand and lifted up. The home - less, des ti tute man is always a sick man. He is sick mor ally, men tally, and phys i - cally. He needs the phys i cal tonic of good food and clean - liness [Richard W. Schwarz, Dr. John Harvey Kellogg as a Social Gos pel Prac ti - tio ner, Jour nal of the Illi nois State His - tor i cal Soci ety, Vol. 57, No. 1 (Spring, 1964), p. 6]. Kellogg believed his own Dr. John H. Kellogg Sev enth-day Adven tist church had a spe cial call ing along these lines. In the denom i na tional vocab u lary of those days the kind of social ser vices Kellogg spoke about... was referred to as med i cal mis sion ary work (Ibid., p. 7), and Kellogg cre ated an out reach in Chi cago for the Bat tle Creek San i tar ium. He sent med i cal stu dents to min is ter in Chi cago as part of their edu ca tion; and he set up a one cent soup Vol. 22, No

10 kitchen (he did not believe in free lunches), places for the home less to sleep, bath ing and laun dry facil i ties, a free med i - cal dis pen sary, vis it ing nurses for the peo ple, an eve ning school, and a cha pel for reli gious instruc tion a true inner city work. Dr. Kellogg him self spent each Sunday at the mis sion for a num ber of years. The dis pen sary pro vided free obstet ri cal care for the neigh bor hood s poor and unem - ployed. It also offered a diet ser vice, with spe cial food sup plied free by Kellogg s San i tar ium Health Food Com - pany, upon pre sen ta tion of a writ ten pre scrip tion (Ibid., p. 12). He also saw the need of cloth ing for the patrons of the mis sion, who often had only the tat tered clothes they wore on their backs, and adver tised in the Advent Review and Sab - bath Her ald for good used gar ments. Thus was born the Dorcas Soci ety! But it is for the inven tion and pro duc tion of break fast cere - als that the world best remem bers Will and John Kellogg, John because of his desire to pro vide Amer i cans with some - thing more than the nor mal wild pigeons, oys ters, and stewed veal... [and] con sid er able amounts of eggs, bacon, sau sages, and fried ham (Melanie Warner, Pan dora s Lunchbox: How Pro cessed Food Took Over the Amer i can Meal, p. 54) they feasted upon at break fast and Will because he saw the pros pects of great wealth loom ing before him. Today the Kellogg Com pany is a $13 bil lion break fast and snack empire (Ibid., p. 57), pro duc ing such break fast items as Froot Loops, Frosted Flakes, Pop Tarts, and the ubiq ui tous Kellogg s Corn Flakes. At the turn of the 20 th cen tury, Amer ica was being intro - duced to a new way of eat ing break fast a healthier new way but by the turn of the 21 st cen tury, this new way of eat - ing had devolved into a mon stros ity, a new type of Americanitis, and has helped to cre ate unprec e dented rates of obe sity in the cit i zens of our coun try. Obesity and the Top Food Manufacturers On April 8, 1999, eleven heads of the world s larg est food com pa nies gath ered in Min ne ap o lis for an off-the-record meet ing. Together these com pa nies con trolled seven hun - dred thou sand employ ees and $280 bil lion in annual sales. Pillsbury served as the host for Nestlé, Kraft, Nabisco, Gen - eral Mills, Proc tor & Gam ble, Coca-Cola, Mars, among oth ers, fiercely com pet i tive com pa nies, but on this eve ning each man was cor dial as they gath ered in the audi to rium for the only item on the agenda the epi demic of obe sity. A respected vice pres i dent of Kraft, the com pany which pro duces more than fifty-five brands that can carry the con - sumer through an entire day, from break fast to mid night snack (Moss, p. xv) took the stage and began his pre sen ta - tion of 114 slides, pro jected on a large screen behind him. The head lines and phrases and fig ures were noth ing short of stag ger ing (Ibid., p. xvi). More than half of Amer i can adults were now con sid - ered over weight, with nearly one-quar ter of the pop u la tion 40 mil lion adults car ry ing so many ex tra pounds that they were clin i cally de fined as obese. Among chil dren, the rates had more than dou bled since 1980, the year when the fat line on the charts be gan an gling up, and the num ber of kids con sid ered obese had shot past 12 million.... Then came the spe cif ics: di a be tes, heart dis ease, hy per - ten sion, gall blad der dis ease, osteoarthritis, three types of can cer breast, co lon, and that of the uterus lin ing all on the rise. To vary ing de grees, the ex ec u tives were told, obe - sity was be ing cited as one of the causes for each of these health cri ses. (Ibid.) The exec u tives were told that (1) the adver tis ing their com pa nies mapped out, espe cially that directed toward chil - dren, fed the epi demic of obe sity and (2) the very foods which made their com pa nies so suc cess ful were respon si ble for the great rise in obe sity not the decrease in exer cise, as some of them liked to think (although it could be con sid ered a dis tant fac tor). The exec u tives, how ever, did not buy it. Only one per son spoke up in response. He was vis i bly upset with the pre sen ta - tion and said he would not pull back as a CEO, but would push his com pany for ward on its cur rent path and urged his peers to do the same (Ibid., p. xx). And that was that. The meet ing adjourned, the exec u tives retired to an exclu sive din ner, and since 1999, more of the same highly pro cessed prod ucts loaded with sugar, salt, and fat has flooded the gro cery shelves. Sugar When you were in school, you may have learned that it was the tip of the tongue that tasted sugar, while the sides and back of the tongue were sen si tive to other tastes, but we now know this is wrong. The entire mouth, includ ing the pal ate, for exam ple, wakes up to sugar! There are spe cial recep tors for sweet ness in every one of the mouth s ten thou sand taste buds (Moss, p. 3). And it does n t stop there taste recep tors for sugar light up all the way down our esoph a gus to our stom ach and pan creas (Ibid., p. 4). No won der we love sugar! Many of us even crave it, but for a long time we did not under stand how pow er ful sugar is in com pel ling us to eat more than we should, until the late 1960s, when... some lab rats in up state New York got ahold of Froot Loops, the supersweet ce real made by Kellogg. The rats were fed the ce real by a grad u ate stu dent named An thony Sclafani who, at first, was just be ing nice to the an i mals in his care. But when Sclafani no ticed how fast they gob bled it up, he de cided to con coct a test to mea sure their zeal. Rats hate open spaces; even in cages, they tend to stick to the shad owy cor ners and sides. So Sclafani put a lit tle of the ce - real in the brightly lit, open cen ter of their cages nor mally an area to be avoided to see what would hap pen. Sure enough, the rats over came their in stinc tual fears and ran out in the open to gorge. (Moss, p. 5) Old Paths May 2013

11 This obser va tion came back to Sclafani a few years later, when he was try ing to fat ten some rats for a study: Their stan dard Purina Dog Chow was n t do ing the trick, even when Sclafani added lots of fats to the mix. The rats would n t eat enough to gain sig nif i cant weight. So Sclafani, re mem ber ing the Froot Loops ex per i ment, sent a grad u ate stu dent out to the su per mar ket on Flatbush Av e - nue to buy some cook ies and can dies and other sugar-laden prod ucts. And the rats went ba nanas, they could n t re sist. They were par tic u larly fond of sweet ened con densed milk and choc o late bars. They ate so much over the course of a few weeks that they grew obese.... when he gave his rats all they wanted, he saw their ap pe tite for sugar in a new light. They loved it, and this crav ing com - pletely over rode the bi o log i cal brakes that should have been say ing: Stop. (Ibid., pp. 5, 6) Since then, a whole body of research has been under - taken to link sugar to com pul sive over eat ing (Ibid., p. 6), and it is clear peo ple love sugar and that sugar has few peers in its abil ity to cre ate crav ings (Ibid., p. 16). Monell Sci en tists at the Monell Chem i cal Senses Cen ter in Phil a del - phia have spent long hours study ing sugar and in try ing to decide if it causes peo ple to over eat. They found that a dish hav ing an attrac tive taste is not enough to cause peo ple to over eat. To be really entic ing, the prod ucts had to be loaded with sugar and fat. Only these two ingre di ents, along with salt, seemed to have the power to excite the brain about eat - ing (Ibid., pp. 18, 19). Sugar draws you back for more and more, and because of this sugar rakes in bil lions of dol lars annu ally for the food com pa nies, com pa nies that out sell every other indus try. Take Prego tomato sauces, for exam ple: Whether cheesy, chunky, or light [they all] have one fea - ture in com mon: The larg est ingre di ent, after toma toes, is sugar. A mere half cup of Prego Tra di tional, for instance, has more than two tea spoons of sugar, as much as three Oreo cook ies (Ibid., p. 37). Com bin ing sugar with con ve nience makes an instant win - ner Tang, instant pud ding, Pop Tarts, dry cereal, and jiffy pop-in-the-oven meals, with all of their hid den sug ars included to hook you and draw you back for more, have pro - lif er ated. But cav i ties in chil dren s teeth have also pro lif er ated, and sugar soon became a hot topic in paren tal cir cles. As a result the food com pa nies qui etly began to drop the word sugar from the names of their prod ucts Sugar Frosted Flakes became Frosted Flakes and Sugar Smacks became Honey Smacks and prod ucts with fruit motifs (but with just as much sugar) appeared. Real fruit fla vors were added to Kool-Aid which some how con vinced many con - sum ers that the drink (in spite of all the added sugar) was whole some; a splash of real fruit juice was added to drinks made mostly with sugar, arti fi cial fla vors and pre ser va tives; and fruit spreads emerged, sweet ened only with fruit juice. This fruit juice, how ever, is often a fruit juice con cen trate made through an indus trial pro cess that usu ally strips the fruit of all fiber and vita mins and mixes it with sweeter juice con cen trates (such as grape and pear) to height ened the level of sweet ness. Then all the water is evap o rated from the con - cen trate, and the end prod uct is sim ply pure sugar, but the con sumer thinks he is get ting a healthy prod uct. How ever, there is no sin gle prod uct among the sixty thou sand items sold in the gro cery store that is con sid ered more evil, more directly respon si ble for the [obe sity] cri sis than soda. The prob lem, as grow ing num bers of nutri tion ists see it, is not the cal o ries in soda, though cal o ries are ulti - mately what causes us to gain weight. Rather, it s their form: Research sug gests that our bod ies are less aware of exces sive intake when the cal o ries are liq uid. Health advo cates don t blame the sin gle can of Coke with its roughly nine tea spoons of sugar. What made Coke evil... was the supersizing (Moss, p. 98). And now you under stand part of the push to ban supersized sodas what we gulp down just isn t reg is - tered cor rectly by our brains! At Monell atten tion turned to soda, and it was dis cov ered that sweet ened drinks made rats more hun gry, not less (Ibid., p. 19; empha sis in orig i nal). Atten tion was then directed to soda made with high-fruc tose corn syrup. Thirty sub jects were included in a study which lasted for nine weeks: For three weeks we gave them noth ing, Tordoff [the sci en tist] said. Three weeks they got 40 ounces a day of diet soda. And for three weeks they got 40 ounces a day of reg u lar soda.... The most sig nif i cant find ing came with the reg u lar soda, which was sweet ened with high-fruc tose corn syrup. With reg u lar soda, both sexes gained weight: an aver age of nearly a pound and a half in just three weeks. At that rate, a per son would put on 26 pounds in a year.... This was one of the first stud ies to estab lish that sug ary soda was likely a heavy con trib u tor to obe sity. (Ibid., p. 20) And just in case you are won der ing, fruit juice is not a good sub sti tute for soda: The health-con scious among you may opt for juice over soda. For those of you who can af ford it, you skip Sunny De light in fa vor of nat u ral 100 per cent fruit juices made by Odwalla or other or ganic com pa nies. They tout mul ti - ple health ben e fits and claim that, be cause they are de void of added sweet en ers, they are in fact good for you. Wrong. The fruit is good for you, be cause it also con tains fi ber (see chap ter 12). In fact, cal o rie for cal o rie, 100 per cent or ange juice is worse for you than soda, be cause the or ange juice con tains 1.8 grams of fruc tose per ounce, while soda con - tains 1.7 grams of fruc tose per ounce. (Rob ert H. Lustig, M. D., Fat Chance: Beat ing the Odds Against Sugar, Pro - cessed Food, Obe sity, and Dis ease, p. 119) Con sider Juan: Vol. 22, No

12 Juan, a 100-pound six-year-old La tino boy whose mother is a non-eng lish-speak ing farm worker from Sa - linas, Cal i for nia, co mes to my clinic in He is wider than he is tall. I ask the mother in my bro ken Span ish, I don t care what your kid eats, tell me what he drinks. No soda, but a gal lon of or ange juice per day. On cal o ries alone, this ac counts for 112 pounds per year of body fat. Of course, some of that is burned off, and it might in flu - ence to tal food in take. I ex plain to the mother, La fruta es buena, el jugo es malo (the fruit is good, the juice is bad). Eat the fruit, don t drink the juice. (Ibid., p. 3) And Julio: Julio is a fif teen-year-old La tino male from West Texas who weighs 400 pounds. He is Med-Flighted to San Fran - cisco for an emer gency liver trans plant be cause his pa thol ogy shows se vere fatty liver and scar ring, known as nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) with cir rho sis, a con di tion as so ci ated with se vere al co hol abuse. Al though he has never con sumed al co hol, he has im bibed at least a half-gal lon of Coca-Cola ev ery day since he was old enough to open the re frig er a tor. Julio s trans plant is suc - cess ful, and he is dis charged two weeks later, af ter be ing told to lose weight, stop drink ing soda, and im prove his diet. One year later, Julio is seen back at UCSF for a checkup. His diet has n t changed, the soft drinks con tinue, his weight has not de clined, and an ul tra sound shows fatty de pos its in his new liver. (Ibid., p. 150) The mega amounts of sugar (more spe cif i cally the fruc tose) Julio was con - sum ing in his soda affected his liver: Nu tri tion ists rou tinely cat e go rize sugar as empty cal o ries, in ter - change able with cal o ries from starch. But sugar has a spe cial pay load. Sugar (su crose) is made up of half glu cose and half fruc - tose. It s the fruc tose that makes it sweet, and that, ul ti mately, is the mol e cule we seek. It s the fruc tose that causes chronic met a bolic dis ease. So sugar, de spite os ten - si bly be ing a car bo hy drate, is re ally both a fat (be cause that s how fruc tose is me tab o lized in the liver) and a car - bo hy drate (be cause that s how glu cose is me tab o lized) all rolled into one. Both path ways have to work over time, which is why sugar is the real om ni vore s di lemma. Now, if you re starv ing and en ergy-de pleted, con sum ing sugar can re plete your liver s gly co gen stores more rap idly, which can be ben e fi cial. So of fen sive line men af ter three hours on the grid iron can con sume all the Gatorade they want. But the over whelm ing ma jor ity of peo ple are nei - ther starv ing nor en ergy-de pleted (there are now 30 per cent more obese in di vid u als than un der nour ished ones on the planet). Our bod ies have not adapted to our cur rent en vi ron men tal sugar glut, and it is kill ing us... slowly. (Ibid., p. 118; emphasis and ellipsis in original) Glucose and Fructose There are two classes of car - bo hy drate: starch and sugar. Starch is made up of glu cose only, which it not very sweet and which every cell in the body can use for energy (Ibid., p. 20). Table sugar, on the other hand, is half glu cose and half fruc tose. Fruc tose is very sweet and is inev i ta bly Eat your fruits; don t drink them! Curb your sugar con sump tion. metab o lized to fat. It is the pri mary (although not the sole) vil - lain (Ibid., pp. 20, 21; empha sis in orig i nal) to our health, but let s con sider glu cose first. It sup plies energy, true, but if more glu cose is ingested than can be con verted to gly co gen by the liver, the excess is con verted to tri glyc er ides, and high triglyceride lev els can pro mote the devel op ment of car dio - vas cu lar dis ease. Glu cose can also bind to the pro teins in the cell, and when this occurs, reac tive oxy - gen spe cies (ROS) is released, which can cause tis sue dam age if the ROS is not imme di ately derailed by an anti ox i dant. Like all things, glu cose in ex cess can be bad for you es pe cially when it lacks fi ber, which lim its the in su lin re - sponse (see chap ter 12). How ever, you would have to con sume a lot of it and over a long pe riod of time for glu cose to have these det ri men tal ef fects [men - tioned above]. In gen eral, large amounts of glu cose (starches such as pasta, white bread, rice, etc.) will cause you to gain pounds but it won t make you sick. Rather, if over time you gain too much weight from glu cose, the vis - ceral fat that is formed will even tu ally take its toll on your health (see chap ter 8). But [and here is the im por tant part] when you con sume the same num ber of cal o ries as ei ther eth a nol [al co hol] or fruc tose, you get much more of a bang to your liver (more like a hand gre nade), and it takes its toll that much faster. (Ibid., p. 121) Con sider Sujatha, a vegan who con sumes large amounts of white foods : Sujatha is a thir teen-year-old In dian girl who has just been di ag nosed with type 2 di a be tes. At a height of 5 foot 4 inches, she weighs 170 pounds. Ac cord ing to her BMI, she is tech ni cally obese, but she does n t look it. Her mother is a nurse in a lo cal hos pi tal and also is a type 2 di a - Old Paths May 2013

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15 betic. She told me, I don t un der stand how this can hap pen. We are In dian, we are vegans at home. How ever, the fam ily con sumes large vol umes of white foods such as naan [a type of white In dian bread], rice, po ta toes, and pro cessed starches. Al most com pletely lack ing from their diet are brown foods such as len tils, gar banzo beans, and whole grain prod ucts. Like many teen ag ers, Sujatha re fuses to eat her veg e ta bles. Bev er ages con sist of soda and juice, and vir tu ally no wa ter. The fi ber con tent of their diet is close to zero. (Ibid., p. 130) Fructose Fruc tose is never found alone in na ture. Rather, it is al - ways part nered with its more be nign sis ter mol e cule, glu cose. They have the same chem i cal com po si tion (C 6 H 12 O 6 ), but they are hardly the same. Fruc tose is much worse. Let s start with the Maillard, or brown ing, re ac - tion. This is the same re ac tion that turns he mo glo bin in your red blood cells into he mo glo bin A1c (HbAlc), the lab test that doc tors fol low to de ter mine how high a di a betic pa tient s blood sugar has risen over time. The re ac tion prod uct is brown; this is the rea son ba nanas turn brown with time and also why bar be cue sauce caramelizes the meat un - der neath when ex posed to heat. So you can brown your meat at 375 de grees for one hour, or you can brown your meat at 98.6 de grees for sev enty-five years. The re sult is the same. And fruc tose drives the Maillard re ac tion seven times faster than glu cose. This seem ingly sub tle dif fer ence can cause ev ery cell in the body to age more rap idly, driv ing var i ous de gen er a tive pro - cesses such as ag ing, can cer, and cog ni tive de cline. (Lustig, pp. 122, 123) Fruc tose, as we just read, drives the Maillard reac tion Blueberries are natu - rally sweet and full of an ti ox i dants. seven times faster than glu - cose, which is a help in bak ing things turn nicely brown in the oven with fruc tose but that same accel er a tion occurs in our bod ies, Lustig is say ing, just at a slower pace instead of one hour, it may take sev enty-five years and it can cause every cell in the body to age faster and result in dis ease and cog ni tive decline. Fruc tose is also a major cause of met a bolic syn drome (a group of risk fac tors for heart dis ease and other health prob - lems). Unlike glu cose, which can be metab o lized by all organs of the body, allow ing the liver to only have to deal with a small per cent age of glu cose ingested because the rest goes to other organs, fruc tose can only be metab o lized in the liver (except in extremely rare cases); there fore, the liver gets tri ple the amount of fruc tose to metab o lize at a time than it does of glu cose. If heavy doses of fruc tose arrive at the liver, the liver can be depleted of a vital chem i cal (ATP), the deple - tion of which leads to the gen er a tion of uric acid, and the Tasty Rec i pes Banana Break fast Cook ies These treats are from the kitchen of Vera Antisdel, who says they are sim ple; require no sugar, flour, or eggs; and are amaz ingly deli cious! Ingre di ents: 3 mashed bananas 1/3 cup applesauce 2 cups rolled oats ½ cup rai sins 1 teaspoon vanilla or almond extract 1 tea spoon ground cori an der Directions: Pre heat oven to 350 F. Mix together and spoon onto greased cookie sheet. Bake for 15 min utes. Cous cous Salad This rec ipe, shared by Elis a beth Fury, is a tra di tional dish from north ern Africa and is both easy and tasty. Ingre di ents: 2 cups whole wheat cous cous 3 cups boil ing water, with optional dash of salt 1 pound of fresh or frozen peas 1 medium sweet onion, minced 1 red pep per, minced 1 can of small olives Spread cous cous into the bot tom of a large cas se role dish and pour the boil ing water over it. With a fork, mix the water and cous cous evenly. Cover dish with plas tic wrap and let set for 15 min utes undis turbed. While wait ing, chop the onion and pep per into fine pieces and cook the peas. After 15 min utes, fluff the cous cous with a fork and add the remain ing ingre di ents. Serve imme di ately as a warm dish, or cool in the refrig er a tor and serve later as a salad. This rec ipe is easy, tasty, and nutri tious! Vol. 22, No

16 gen er a tion of uric acid can cause gout and increased blood pres sure. So far, noth ing good has been said about fruc tose. Here is another prob lem: Fruc tose is not con verted to gly co - gen, as glu cose is, but is released, after some pre lim i nary work by the liver, straight to the cells. Do you remem ber that excess gly co gen is turned into tri glyc er ides? When too much fruc tose is sent out to the cells, the excess gets metab o lized into fat, which can, in turn, lead to heart dis ease. Even worse, Not only does fruc tose turn your liver to fat and your pro teins brown, but it tells your brain that you need more of it... and more.... Sim i lar to the effects of alco hol ism, fruc tose stim u - lates exces sive and con tin ued con sump tion by trick ing your brain into want ing more (Ibid., p. 127; first ellip sis in orig i nal). The list of prob lems with fruc tose goes on Lustig men - tions eleven so why is fruc tose the dar ling of the food indus try? For one thing, fruc tose does not decom pose as readily as other sweet en ers, so it has a lon ger shelf life. Also, it helps prod ucts, like cook ies, stay soft lon ger, it has an allur ing aroma when baked and also pro duces a crisp brown sur face, and when frozen it blocks the for ma tion of ice; but most of all, it is far sweeter than glu cose. On a rel a tive scale, with the sweet ness of table sugar marked as 100, glu cose clocks in at 74, while fruc tose hits 173 (Moss, p. 130), but the bot tom line is pro cessed sugar is a toxin (Lustig, p. 127). Why? Sugar Is Killing Us Con sider these facts: 1. Twenty years ago see ing an obese child with type 2 dia be tes was an anom aly. Now it is an almost every day occurrence (Ibid., p. xiii). 2. One quar ter of U.S. chil dren are now obese; even infants are tip ping the scales (Ibid., p. xiv)! 3. Over twenty mil lion chil dren in Amer ica are seri ously over weight (Ibid., p. 4). 4. The clus ter of chronic met a bolic dis eases termed met a - bolic syn drome which includes obe sity, type 2 dia be tes, hyper ten sion (high blood pres sure), lipid (blood fat) dis or - ders, and car dio vas cu lar (heart) dis ease is snow ball ing by leaps and bounds (Ibid.). 5. The obe sity pan demic is stag ger ing when the obe - sity-associated metabolic diseases and comorbidities, such as nonalcoholic fatty liver dis ease, kid ney dis ease, and polycystic ovar ian syn drome.... ortho pe dic prob lems, sleep apnea, gall stones, and depres sion are con sid ered (Ibid.). 6. Teens with type 2 dia be tes used to be unheard of; now they are one third of all new diag no ses of dia be tes (Ibid.). 7. Emer gency rooms are tak ing care of forty-year-old heart attack vic tims, bariatric sur ger ies are sky-rock et ing, and over 40% of death cer tif i cates now list dia be tes as the cause of death, up from 13% twenty years ago (Ibid., pp. 4, 5). 8. But being thin is not a safe guard up to 40% of nor - mal-weight indi vid u als har bor insu lin resis tance a sign of chronic met a bolic dis ease which will likely shorten their life expec tancy. Of those, 20% dem on strate liver fat on an MRI of the abdo men... Liver fat, irre spec tive of body fat, has been shown to be a major risk fac tor in the devel op ment of diabetes (Ibid., p. 7). Peo ple are sick and they don t even know it. Yes, sugar is kill ing us... slowly (Ibid., p. xii; ellip sis in orig i nal). To be fair, not all sci en tists see sugar, and espe cially fruc - tose, in the same light. Dr. Fred Brouns of the Depart ment of Human Biol ogy at Maastricht Uni ver sity in Maastricht, Neth er lands, states, in response to an arti cle in Nature enti - tled Pub lic health: The toxic truth about sugar by Dr. Lustig and oth ers: Have ba nanas, apri cots, ap ples, honey and all other foods that are rel a tively rich in fruc tose, as well as juices sud denly be come toxic and bad for your health? Our body does not make a dif fer ence in ab sorb ing and me tab o liz ing fruc tose whether it co mes from an in trin sic source or as added sugar.... Al though there is suf fi cient sci ence to sub stan ti ate that pure fruc tose in very high dos ages has det ri men tal ef fects, there is not such good ev i dence when fruc tose is con sumed along with glu cose, as it is in vir tu - ally all foods and drinks, by hu mans in amounts as con sumed by most hu mans.... The fact that now sugar is the cul prit is a con se quence of yet blam ing some thing else than our per sonal re spon si bil ity to re main phys i cally ac - tive and con sume less food over all. ( ture.com/na ture/jour - nal/v482/n7383/full/482027a.html%3fwt.ec_id=na T URE ; ac cessed ) To be sure, we have a per sonal respon si bil ity to exer cise and to not over eat, but we are liv ing in an age when con sum - ers are bom barded, at least in Amer ica, with fast food eat er ies; con ve nient food store items; and sug ary, fatty, and salty snacks on every hand, so that we need to intel li gently brace our selves against it, or we will be hooked and our health will suf fer. So what can we do? The Solution Let us keep in mind that God has cre ated us to enjoy good food and that sweet ness lights up our taste buds like noth ing else does. The manna God pro vided the Isra el ites tasted like wafers made with honey (Exo dus 16:31), John the Bap tist ate locust and honey (Mat thew 3:4), and Sol o mon advises us to eat honey because it is good (Prov erbs 24:13), but he also advises us to not eat too much of it (Prov erbs 25:27). And therein lies the solu tion the use of a sweet en ing agent should be in lim ited amounts and in con sid er ation of any health issues one may be expe ri enc ing, and the type of sweet ener used should be cho sen for the least harm ful effect, remem ber ing that the free use of sugar in any form tends to clog the sys tem (Ellen White, Chris tian Tem per ance and Bible Hygiene, p. 56) and that sugar, when largely used, is more inju ri ous than meat (Ellen White, Coun sels on Diets and Foods, p. 328). Old Paths May 2013

17 The Protestant Reformation Martin Luther, The War rior Part 2 It is a hor ri ble and fright ful thing that the ruler of Chris ten dom, who boasts him self vicar of Christ and suc ces sor of St. Pe ter, lives in such worldly splen dor that in this re gard no king nor em peror can equal or ap proach him, and that he who claims the ti tle of most holy and most spir i tual is more worldly than the world it self. He wears a tri ple crown, when the great est kings wear but a sin gle crown; if that is like the pov erty of Christ and of St. Pe ter, then it is a new kind of like ness. 1 About sixty miles south of Berlin and forty miles north of Leip zig lies Wittenberg, the city most closely asso ci ated with Mar tin Luther. Luther described Wittenberg as being on the bor ders of civili sa - tion, (Henry Eyster Jacobs, Mar tin Luther, the Hero of the Ref or ma tion, p. 33; all empha sis sup plied unless oth er wise noted), con tain - ing about three thou sand pov - erty-stricken inhab it ants, liv - ing in three or four hun dred low, frame, straw-thatched houses, built upon a sandy plain, that suf fered severely from peri odic vis i ta tions of the plague (Ibid.). In Wittenberg were two large churches The Paro chial Church and the Cas tle Church. The Cas tle Church was so-named because its ori gin was in the cha pel of a cas tle, and it was upon the door of this church that Mar tin Luther posted his ninety-five the ses. Wittenberg was also the home of the Fred er ick the Wise, the prince of Sax ony, who was an early pro tec tor of Luther, and this famous lit tle city was also the home of the Uni ver sity of Wittenberg, estab lished by Fred er ick after Emperor Maximilian I sug gested that each of the Elec tors should endeavour to found a uni ver sity within his ter ri tory for the cul ti va tion of his sub jects (Jacobs, p. 34). Fred er ick took this to heart, for he was well-versed in Latin and French and had trav eled widely in the study of the nat u ral sci ences and in the col lec tion of holy rel ics. He gath ered pro fes sors and instruc tors, a cam pus was orga nized, and on Octo ber 18, 1502, the Uni ver sity of Wittenberg opened its doors. Four hun dred six teen stu dents enrolled. The plague of 1506 reduced these num bers, but new pro fes sors joined the Wittenberg at the time of Lu ther fac ulty, stu dents once again enrolled and the school pros pered. Luther enrolled as a stu dent and received a doc - tor ate in the ol ogy in He was then asked to join the fac ulty and to later become the head of the the ol ogy depart ment, but he did not want to be known as a doc tor of the ol - ogy, but rather a doc tor of the Holy Scrip - tures. When, at the age of 29, he was placed in charge of the school of the ol - ogy, he cre ated a new frame work of study he made the Bible the first and main part of his cur ric u lum, rather than the com mon books used for the instruc tion of the dia lec tics and phys ics of Aris totle, along with a smat ter ing of the Bible and he chose the book of Psalms with which to begin. The Book of Psalms was always Luther s Prayer-Book. To this Melanchthon referred in his funeral address, stat ing that he devoted a fixed period of time almost every day to the pri - vate rec i ta tion of the Psalms, and had no patience with those who, either because of indo lence, or press ing duties, were con tent to pray by the mere direc tion of the sighs of their heart to heaven (Ibid., p. 43). When the study of Psalms was finished, Luther taught from the book of Romans, then Galatians, Hebrews, and Titus. His lec tures made a great impres sion on his stu dents, as noted by Melanchthon: Af ter a long and dark night the light of a new doc trine seemed to dawn. He... re futed the then prev a lent er ror that, by their own works, men merit the for give ness of sins, and, by their ob ser vance of dis ci pline, are righ teous be fore God. Re call ing the minds of men to the Son of God, and, like the Bap tist, point ing to the Lamb of God who tak - 1. Martin Luther, An Open Letter to the Christian Nobility of the German Nation Concerning the Reform of the Christian Estate, 1520 ; reprinted in Documents in World History, p. 306 Vol. 22, No

18 eth away the sin of the world, he de clared that sins are re mit ted freely, on ac count of the Son of God, and that this ben e fit is to be re ceived by faith. Other por tions of the Church s doc trine were made clear. These be gin nings of still better things gave him great in flu ence, es pe cially since his life cor re sponded with his speech, and his words seemed to spring, not from his lips, but from his heart. (Ibid., pp. 44, 45) Luther began his years of preach ing in a hum ble way, and though the impor tance of his words has reached around the world and down through the cen tu ries to us, Luther never dis par aged his hum ble begin nings. He is an exam ple to us that no mat ter how sim ple or impov er ished our upbring ing may be, God can use us in a great way, if we will but sub mit our ways and wills to him. In an old di lap i dated frame build ing, thirty by twenty feet in size, held to gether by props, and daubed with clay, stand ing within the foun da tion of the walls of the new mon as tery that had been be gun, but whose erec tion had been tem po rarily sus pended, and from a pul pit con - structed of rough boards, raised three feet above the ground, the great est preacher of mod ern times preached his first ser mon. (Ibid., pp. 48, 49) Over his life time Luther devel oped his tal ent for the use of words in hymns, ser mons, speeches, and writ ten doc u - ments. Here is an exam ple of his writ ing, a por tion of a let ter he wrote in 1520 to the new, young holy Roman emperor, Charles V, hop ing he could encour age him to engage in the work of eccle si as ti cal ref or m. He wrote this before the emperor com manded his appear ance at Worms and his later con demned of him in the Edit of Worms. (We encour age you to read the whole let ter, found on pages at tory_doc u - ments.pdf) Grace and power from God, Most Il lus tri ous Maj esty, and most gra cious and dear Lords. It is not out of sheer for - ward ness or rash ness that I, a sin gle, poor man, have un der taken to ad dress your wor ships. The dis tress and op - pres sion which weigh down all the Es tate of Chris ten dom, es pe cially of Ger many, and which move not me alone, but ev ery one to cry out time and again, and to pray for help, have forced me even now to cry aloud that God may in - spire some one with His Spirit to lend this suf fer ing na tion a help ing hand. Oft times the coun cils have made some pretence at ref or ma tion, but their at tempts have been clev - erly hin dered by the guile of cer tain men and things have gone from bad to worse. I now in tend, by the help of God, to throw some light upon the wiles and wickedness of these men we must be sure that in this mat ter we are deal ing not with men but with the princes of hell, who can fill the world with blood shed, but whom war and blood shed do not over come. We must go at this work de spair ing of phys - i cal force and hum bly trust ing God; we must seek God s help with ear nest prayer, and fix our minds on noth ing else than the mis ery and dis tress of suf fer ing Chris ten dom, with out re gard to the deserts of evil men. Oth er wise we may start the game with great pros pect of suc cess, but when we get well into it the evil spir its will stir up such con fu sion that the whole world will swim in blood, and yet noth ing will come of it. Let us act wisely, there fore, and in the fear of God.... But before all of this, he applied his skill ful use of words to the issue of indul gences. Luther was not try ing to undo the Papacy or to start a rev o lu tion when he posted his the ses in 1517 he had no idea what the result would be the theses were sim ply the out come of his pas to ral fidel ity to the souls with whom he had to deal in the con fes sional (Jacobs, p. 59), and he had a spe cific man in mind Tetzel, to be exact. Tetzel... was a na tive of Leip zig, of about sixty years of age, of im pos ing pres ence and dis tin guished gifts of pop u lar or a tory that had been de voted for nearly half a gen er a tion to the sale of in dul gences.... Whithersoever he went, there fore, he ap peared as the rep re sen ta tive of both State and Church, for be side his po si tion of com mis sioner, he had the rank of In quis i tor-gen eral. The bells of the towns and cit ies an nounced his ap proach; the of fi cials of the place, the cit i zens, even the school-chil dren, went in pro - ces sion to meet him. A red cross, on which the coat of arms of the Pope was em bla zoned pre ceded him. On a vel vet cush ion his pa pal com mis sion was dis played. En ter ing a church, the red cross was raised in front of the high al tar, and the in dul gence chest placed be side it. Ser mons were preached by the com mis sioner or his dep u ties, ex tol ling the worth of in dul gences, and urg ing their pur chase. The ter rors of the hear ers were ex cited by graphic pic tures of the seven years pen alty re served in Pur ga tory for ev ery mor tal sin, and of the rem edy of fered at so small a cost in the let ters that were then to be pur chased. The in dul gence sell ers were re ported as bid ding the peo ple wor ship the red cross as the holy of holies; as de clar ing that in dul gences were more ef fi ca cious than bap tism, and re stored the in no - cency that had been lost in Adam; as pro claim ing that a com mis sioner of in dul gences saved more souls than Pe ter; and that as soon as the penny sounded in the chest, the soul was de liv ered from Pur ga tory. In dul gences would avail for jus ti fi ca tion and sal va tion, even for him who had vi o - lated the mother of God! (Ibid., pp ) Ellen White spells out the crim i nal actions of Tetzel and of the pope St. Peter s cha pel was being built with iniq ui tous money! The Ro man Church had made mer chan dise of the grace of God. The ta bles of the money-chang ers were set up be - side her al tars, and the air re sounded with the shouts of buy ers and sell ers. Un der the plea of rais ing funds for the erec tion of St. Pe ter s church at Rome, in dul gences for sin Old Paths May 2013

19 were pub licly of fered for sale by the au thor ity of the pope. By the price of crime a tem ple was to be built up for God s wor ship, the cor ner-stone laid with the wages of in iq uity. But the very means of Rome s ag gran dize ment pro voked the dead li est blow to her power and great ness. It was this that aroused the most de ter mined and suc cess ful of the en e - mies of pop ery, and led to the bat tle which shook the pa pal throne to its foun da tion, and jos tled the tri ple crown upon the pon tiff s head. (The Spirit of Proph ecy, vol. 4, p. 101) Tetzel urged the peo ple to buy indul gences, using what we would call today a hard-sales pitch: Lo! Heaven is open. When will you en ter, if not now? Oh sense less men, who do not ap pre ci ate such a shed ding forth of grace! How hard-hearted! For twelve pen nies you can de liver your fa ther, and, nev er the less, you are so un - grate ful as not to re lieve him in his dis tress. At the last judg ment, I am free; but you are re spon si ble. I tell you, that if you have but one gar ment, you should part with it, rather than fail of such grace. (Quoted in Jacobs, p. 65). Even the poor, with no money in their pock ets, were urged to buy indul gences on credit: Gra tu itous in dul gences were granted the poor upon the as sur ance of pay ment from the first money they could ob - tain. Wives were en cour aged to pur chase with out the knowl edge of their hus bands. (Ibid.) But why was every one so will ing to spend money they did n t have to buy indul gences? Ac cord ing to the cur rent teach ing, sin brought guilt and pun ish ment. In bap tism the guilt and pun ish ment of orig i - nal sin were re mit ted. The guilt of each ac tual sin, if con fessed with true sor row of heart, was re mit ted; but, while the pen i tent was ab solved from the guilt, he was not from all pun ish ment. In vir tue of the mer its of Christ, eter - nal was com muted to tem po ral pun ish ment; pen al ties be yond man s power were, by the priestly ab so lu tion, brought within the reach of man s abil ity to make for them sat is fac tion. Man es capes Hell, but he does not, by Christ s atone ment, en ter Heaven. In or der to es cape the tem po ral pun ish ments of sin, sat is fac tions, such as prayers, fasts, alms, pre scribed by the con fes sor, must be ren dered. Since, there fore, ev ery sin, to have its pen al ties re moved, must be known and grieved over and con fessed, and have it con se - quences off set by pen ances ap pointed by the Church; and since in this life the greater num ber of of fences pass the scru tiny of even the most spir i tu ally minded, Pur ga tory re - mains as the realm in which all these un sat is fied sins of con trite chil dren of God meet their tem po ral pun ish ment. From its fires only an in dul gence could de liver. The saints, it was taught, had ac quired, by their works of su per er o ga - tion, a fund of su per flu ous mer its, and these mer its could be trans ferred by the Church. (Ibid., pp.60, 61) Even Fred er ick the Wise believed in and sup ported the sale of indul gences: The Elec tor Fred er ick, al though in a far less of fen sive way, had pro vided for the sale of in dul gences in con nec - tion with vis its to the rel ics he had gath ered in 1493 in the Holy Land, as a par tial source of rev e nue for the Cas tle Church and clois ter. The 5005 rel ics that were trea sured in the Cas tle Church were said to give one hun dred days in - dul gence each, if prop erly wor shipped, i.e., 1371 years and 85 days, if all were thus used. (Ibid., pp. 68, 69) Luther was not against the sale of indul gences, but he was against the abuse that occurred when indul gences were sold it was the way they were sold that was wrong in Luther s eyes because it taught the peo ple not to fear sin itself, but to fear not buy ing the indul gences. As Tetzel drew near to Wittenberg, he attracted large crowds to his preach - ing, and Luther could not be silent: Lu ther, though still a pa pist of the straitest sort, was filled with hor ror at the blas phe mous as sump tions of the in dul gence-mon gers. Many of his own con gre ga tion had pur chased cer tif i cates of par don, and they soon be gan to come to their pas tor, con fess ing their var i ous sins, and ex - pect ing ab so lu tion, not be cause they were pen i tent and wished to re form, but on the ground of the in dul gence. Lu - ther re fused them ab so lu tion, and warned them that un less they should re pent, and re form their lives, they must per - ish in their sins. In great per plex ity they sought out Tetzel, and in formed him that an Au gus tine monk had treated his let ters with con tempt. The friar was filled with rage. He ut - tered the most ter ri ble curses, caused fires to be lighted in the pub lic square, and de clared that he had or ders from the pope to burn the her e tics who dared oppose his most holy indulgences. (White, p. 104) Luther preached against indul gences from the pul pit, he wrote let ters about it, he sought advice from those he looked upon as his spir i tual fathers, and he appealed to his supe ri ors, but to no avail. A cri sis was immi nent, a solu tion was needed and since noth ing was work ing to halt the prac tice, Luther posted his the ses in an effort to open schol arly debate on the issue: Nothing sen sa tional marked the hour. Not with stand - ing his ex traor di nary pop u lar gifts, he was no ag i ta tor, and did not move more rap idly than Prov i dence opened clearly the way. On Fri days the theo lo gians at Wittenberg were ac cus tomed, in reg u lar or der, to con - duct theo log i cal dis cus sions, and to pre pare and post up in ad vance the the ses which, on a given date, they were ready to dis cuss.... The doc u ment which Lu ther pre - pared and that at once gained a uni ver sal hear ing, was writ ten not in the Ger man, but in the Latin lan guage. It was not for the peo ple, but for the con sid er ation of schol - ars and stu dents. (Jacobs, pp. 70, 71) Even though writ ten in Latin, the ninety-five the ses were noticed far and wide: Vol. 22, No

20 His propositions attracted universal attention. They were read and re-read and re peated in ev ery di rec tion. Great ex - cite ment was cre ated in the uni ver sity and in the whole city. By these the ses it was shown that the power to grant the par - don of sin, and to re mit its pen alty, had never been com mit ted to the pope or to any other man. The whole scheme was a farce, an ar ti fice to ex tort money by play - ing upon the su per sti tions of the peo ple, a de vice of Sa tan to de stroy the souls of all who should trust to its ly ing pre - ten sions. It was also clearly shown that the gos pel of Christ is the most valu able trea sure of the church, and that the grace of God, therein re vealed, is freely be stowed upon all who seek it by re pen tance and faith. (White, p. 105) 2 All of this excite ment began Octo ber 31, One year later, Luther was called to Augsburg (Octo ber 12 18, 1518) to be exam ined by Car di nal Cajetan for his heret i cal teach - ings, and the pur pose was sim ple Luther was to recant his posi tions on indul gences, on jus ti fi ca tion by faith, and on the author ity of the pope, which he refused to do and real iz ing he was then to be arrested and sent to Rome, he left Augsburg on Octo ber 20, under the cover of dark ness. Two and one half years later, Luther was sum moned by the holy Roman emperor, Charles V, to the Diet at Worms to answer charges of her esy, but between his vis its to Augsburg in 1518 and to Worms in 1521, Pope Leo X issued a papal bull in 1520 which threat ened Luther with excom mu ni ca tion unless he recanted the forty-one denounced prop o si tions con tained in his ninety-five the ses. The day after receiv ing the bull, Luther wrote to Spalatin: This bull con demns Christ him self. It sum mons me not to an au di ence but to a re can ta tion. I am go ing to act on the as sump tion that it is spu ri ous, though I think it is gen u ine. Would that Charles were a man and would fight for Christ against these Satans. But I am not afraid. God s will be done. I do not know what the prince should do un less to dis sem ble. I am send ing you a copy of the bull that you Lu ther at the Diet of Worms Mar tin Lu ther, burn ing the pa pal bull of ex com mu ni ca tion may see the Ro man mon ster. The faith and the Church are at stake. I re joice to suf fer in so no ble a cause. I am not wor thy of so holy a trial. I feel much freer now that I am cer tain the pope is Antichrist. (Quoted by Roland H. Bainton in Here I Stand: A Life of Mar tin Lu ther, p. 124) And here was the true start of the Ref or ma tion not when Luther wrote his ninety-five the ses, but when he became con vinced the pope was antichrist and that he was needed to stand up against him. A bur den weighed heavily upon Luther s shoul ders for the faith and for the church, and he was not indif fer ent or neu tral dur ing this reli gious crisis: If God ab hors one sin above an other, of which His peo - ple are guilty, it is do ing noth ing in case of an emer gency. In dif fer ence and neu tral ity in a re li gious cri sis is re garded of God as a griev ous crime and equal to the very worst type of hos til ity against God. (El len White, Tes ti mo nies for the Church, vol. 3, p. 280) And we face a momen tous cri sis, and we will have to decide between the truth of God s word and the trea son of Satan: Now is the time for God s peo ple to show them selves true to prin ci ple. When the re li gion of Christ is most held in con tempt, when His law is most de spised, then should our zeal be the warm est and our cour age and firm ness the most un flinch ing. To stand in de fense of truth and righ - teous ness when the ma jor ity for sake us, to fight the bat tles of the Lord when cham pi ons are few this will be our test. At this time we must gather warmth from the cold ness of oth ers, cour age from their cow ard ice, and loy alty from their trea son. (Ibid., vol. 5, pp. 136, 137) Should the voice of the high est hu man au thor ity an - nounce an amend ment or an ad di tion to the law of God in any hu man leg is la ture, such an an nounce ment would be 2. You may read the ninety-five theses at Old Paths May 2013

21 reg is tered on the books of heaven as trea son. (El len White, The Re view & Her ald, March 26, 1895) Praise the Lord Luther was will ing to be counted on the Lord s side, and when Charles V com manded him to appear in Worms, he com plied, believ ing God was call ing him there, and before Luther ever appeared, God was work ing on the hearts and minds of the rul ers already assem bled at Worms. Aleander was the papal legate assigned the duty of secur ing Luther s con dem na tion: With a per sis tence wor thy of a better cause, he [Aleander] urged the mat ter upon the at ten tion of princes, prel ates, and other mem bers of the as sem bly, ac cus ing the Re former of se di tion, re bel lion, im pi ety, and blas phemy. But the ve he mence and pas sion man i fested by the le gate plainly re vealed that he was ac tu ated by ha tred and re - venge rather than by zeal for re li gion. It was the pre vail ing sen ti ment of the as sem bly that Lu ther was in no cent. (White, The Spirit of Proph ecy, vol. 4, p. 121) Later Aleander, the great est of Rome s ora tors (Ibid., p. 123), for mally addressed the entire diet, and then the major ity of the assem bly were ready to sac ri fice Luther to the demands of the pope (Ibid.), but then the Lord moved upon the heart of Duke George of Sax ony, an enemy of Luther: With no ble firm ness, Duke George of Sax ony stood up in that princely as sem bly, and spec i fied with ter ri ble ex - act ness the de cep tions and abom i na tions of pop ery, and their dire re sults. (Ibid.) Ellen White tells us that the voice of One greater than Luther spoke through him, an open opposer of the Ref or ma - tion. Amaz ing! Had the eyes of the as sem bly been opened, they would have be held an gels of God in the midst of them, shed ding beams of light athwart the dark ness of er ror, and open ing minds and hearts to the re cep tion of truth. It was the power of the God of truth and wis dom that con trolled even the ad - ver sar ies of the Ref or ma tion, and thus pre pared the way for the great work about to be ac com plished. Mar tin Lu - ther was not pres ent; but the voice of One greater than Lu ther had been heard in that as sem bly. (Ibid., p.124) When Luther later addressed the Diet, we are told he stood before the peo ple as a righ teous man: Thus stood this righ teous man, upon the sure foun da - tion of the word of God. The light of Heaven il lu mi nated his coun te nance. His great ness and pu rity of char ac ter, his peace and joy of heart, were man i fest to all as he tes ti fied against the power of er ror, and wit nessed to the su pe ri or ity of that faith that over comes the world. (Ibid., p. 134) However, Dr. Eck, the Arch bishop of Trier and Luther s adver sary at the diet, crit i cized Luther: Mar tin, you have not suf fi ciently dis tin guished your works. The ear lier were bad and the lat ter worse. Your plea to be heard from the Scrip ture is the one al ways made by heretics. You do noth ing but re new the er rors of Wyclif and Hus. How will the Jews, how will the Turks, ex ult to hear Chris tians dis cuss ing whether they have been wrong all these years! Mar tin, how can you as sume that you are the only one to un der stand the sense of Scrip ture? Would you put your judg ment above that of so many fa mous men and claim that you know more than they all? You have no right to call into ques tion the most holy or tho dox faith, in sti tuted by Christ the per fect law giver, pro claimed through out the world by the apos tles, sealed by the red blood of mar tyrs, con firmed by the sa cred coun cils, de fined by the Church in which all our fa thers be lieved un til death and gave us as an in her i tance, and which now we are for bid den by the pope and the em peror to dis cuss lest there be no end of de bate. I ask you, Mar tin an swer can didly and with out horns do you or do you not re pu di ate your books and the er rors which they con tain? (Bainton, pp. 143, 144) And it was in answer to this pointed demand of Eck that Luther responded: Since then Your Maj esty and your lord ships de sire a sim ple re ply, I will an swer with out horns and with out teeth. Un less I am con victed by Scrip ture and plain rea - son I do not ac cept the au thor ity of popes and coun cils, for they have con tra dicted each other my con science is cap tive to the Word of God. I can not and I will not re cant any thing, for to go against con science is nei ther right nor safe. God help me. Amen.... Lu ther had spo ken in Ger man. He was asked to re peat in Latin. He was sweat ing. A friend called out, If you can t do it, Doc tor, you have done enough. Lu ther made again his af fir ma tion in Latin, threw up his arms in the ges ture of a vic to ri ous knight, and slipped out of the dark ened hall, amid the hisses of the Span iards, and went to his lodg ing. (Ibid., p. 144) The whole as sem bly were for a time speech less with amazement. The em peror him self and many of the princes were struck with ad mi ra tion. The par ti sans of Rome had Lu ther mak ing mu sic with family Vol. 22, No

22 been wor sted; their cause ap peared in a most un fa vor able light. They sought to main tain their power, not by ap peal ing to the Scrip tures, but by a re sort to threats, Rome s un fail ing ar gu ment. Said the spokes man of the Diet, If you do not re - tract, the em peror and the States of the em pire will pro ceed to con sider how to deal with an ob sti nate her e tic. Lu ther s friends, who had with great joy lis tened to his no ble de fense, trem bled at these words; but the doc tor him self said calmly, May God be my helper! for I can re - tract noth ing. Firm as a rock he stood, while the fierc est bil lows of worldly power beat harm lessly against him. The sim ple en ergy of his words, his fear less bear ing, his calm, speak - ing eye, and the un al ter able de ter mi na tion ex pressed in ev ery word and act, made a deep im pres sion upon the as - sem bly. It was ev i dent that he could not be in duced, ei ther by prom ises or threats, to yield to the man date of Rome. The pa pist lead ers were cha grined that their power, which had caused kings and no bles to trem ble, should be thus de spised by a hum ble monk; they longed to make him feel their wrath by tor tur ing his life away. But Lu ther, un - der stand ing his dan ger, had spo ken to all with Chris tian dig nity and calm ness. His words had been free from pride, pas sion, and mis rep re sen ta tion. He lost sight of him self, and of the great men sur round ing him, and felt only that he was in the pres ence of One in fi nitely su pe rior to popes, prel ates, kings, and em per ors. Christ had spo ken through Lu ther s tes ti mony with a power and gran deur that for the time in spired both friends and foes with awe and won der. The Spirit of God had been pres ent in that coun cil, im - press ing the hearts of the chiefs of the em pire. Sev eral of the princes openly ac knowl edged the jus tice of Lu ther s cause. Many were con vinced of the truth; but with some the im pres sions re ceived were not last ing. There was an - other class who did not at the time ex press their con vic tions, but who, hav ing searched the Scrip tures for them selves, at a fu ture time de clared with great bold ness for the Ref or ma tion. (White, The Spirit of Proph ecy, vol. 4, pp. 134, 135) The emperor later called in some of the elec tors and princes to ask their opin ions, but they requested more time. Very well, said the em peror, I will give you my opin - ion, and he read them a pa per which he had writ ten out him self in French. This was no speech com posed by a sec - re tary. The young Haps burg was con fess ing his faith: I am de scended from a long line of Chris tian em per ors of this no ble Ger man na tion, and of the Cath o lic kings of Spain, the arch dukes of Aus tria, and the dukes of Bur - gundy. They were all faith ful to the death to the Church of Rome, and they de fended the Cath o lic faith and the honor of God. I have re solved to fol low in their steps. A sin gle friar who goes coun ter to all Chris tian ity for a thou sand years must be wrong. There fore I am re solved to stake my lands, my friends, my body, my blood, my life, and my soul. Not only I, but you of this no ble Ger man na tion, would be for ever dis graced if by our neg li gence not only her esy but the very sus pi cion of her esy were to sur vive. Af ter hav ing heard yes ter day the ob sti nate de fense of Lu ther, I re gret that I have so long de layed in pro ceed ing against him and his false teach ing. I will have no more to do with him. He may re turn un der his safe con duct, but with out preach ing or mak ing any tu mult. I will pro ceed against him as a no to ri - ous her e tic, and ask you to de clare your selves as you prom ised me. (Bainton, pp. 144, 145) The final response of Luther to the diet was on May 18, On May 23, Charles V signed the Edit of Worms, which stated, in part: To put an end to the num ber less and end less er rors of the said Mar tin, let us say that it seems that this man, Mar tin, is not a man but a demon in the ap pear ance of a man, clothed in re li gious habit to be better able to de ceive man kind, and want ing to gather the her e sies of sev eral her e tics who have al ready been con demned, ex com mu ni cated, and bur ied in hell for a long time. Let us add to this all the her e sies re - cently brought in by him to be the source of all in iq uity and rub bish and to de stroy the Cath o lic faith. As an evan gel i - cal preacher he la bors to trou ble and de mol ish all re li gious peace and char ity and all or der and di rec tion in the things of this world. And fi nally, he brings dis honor upon all the beauty of our Holy Mother Church. ( Broth ers and sis ters, the Ref or ma tion is not over it will con tinue to the end of time! Let us not be found guilty of trea - son in the courts above. Let us, instead, be part of those whom God can use to turn minds away from dark ness to the ever last ing light. The Ref or ma tion did not, as many sup pose, end with Lu ther. It is to be con tin ued to the close of this world s his - tory. Lu ther had a great work to do in re flect ing to oth ers the light which God had per mit ted to shine upon him; yet he did not re ceive all the light which was to be given to the world. From that time to this, new light has been con tin u - ally shin ing upon the Scrip tures, and new truths have been con stantly un fold ing. (Ibid., p.123) A mighty for tress is our God, A bul wark never fail ing; Our helper he, amid the flood Of mor tal ills pre vail ing. For still our ancient foe Doth seek to work us woe; His craft and power are great; And armed with cruel hate, On earth is not his equal. Martin Luther Onycha Holt Old Paths May 2013

23 Youth s Cor ner Stu dent Light-Bear ers of the Ref or ma tion (This month we con tinue a series based upon the book Youth - ful Wit nesses by W. A. Spicer, pub lished in This month we offer, due to space con straints, a con densed ver sion of chapter 6.) JOHN TREBONIUS, the school mas ter of Eisenach, was a wise old teacher. When ever he came before his class in the morn ing, it is said he always took off his mas ter s cap and saluted the boys on the rows of benches. He said to them: I do this to salute the com ing man. I do not know what boy there may be here of whom God pur poses to make a great advo cate, a dis tin guished chan cel lor, a bur go mas ter, or a learned doc tor; and I salute the com ing man. Lit tle did he real ize that one of those boys was to be used of God, not to fill some dis tin guished aca demic chair or civic office, but as the chief agent of the great Ref or ma tion of the six teenth cen tury, that cut short the long reign of the Papacy and still blesses man kind with the spread ing light of the word of God set free. Born in 1483, Luther was a boy of nine when Colum bus dis cov ered the New World. The age of reform was at hand, and God s prov i dence was begin ning to open all the world before the approach ing era of increased knowl edge. Luther was only an ordi nary stu dent. He was thir ti eth in a list of fifty-seven when he took his bach e lor s degree in Erfurt, at nine teen. It was at Erfurt, how ever, where some of the old uni ver sity build ings still stand, that young Luther found the Latin Bible that began the trans for ma tion of his life. Then he made his visit to Rome; and there, climb ing the holy stairs on his knees, try ing to win by pen ance the release from the sense of sin, the text had flashed into his heart, The just shall live by faith. He rose from his knees, and that day, in the Holy Spirit s power, the Ref or ma tion was born in the young man s soul. As Luther began to teach and to open the Bible to the peo - ple, a new spirit stirred in the hearts of men, and every where in the begin nings of the work of reform we find young stu - dents at the fore. Tetzel, with his raw traf fic in indul gences, came into Ger man with his money chest and his indul gences. His slo gan was: So soon as ever in the chest the money rings, The soul out of the fiery flame of pur ga tory springs. At the noise of Tetzel s pro pa ganda, Luther s soul was stirred, and he nailed up his the ses on the door of the old Wittenberg church, pro claim ing the way of sal va tion by faith. That act, per formed on Oct. 31, 1517, was the launch - ing of the great Ref or ma tion, lit tle as Luther, then thirty-four years of age, real ized what would grow out of it. But the man was not con sciously start ing a ref or ma tion. Great move ments like that do not come of human plan ning. Some one this time a youth verg ing on mid dle age stands up for Christ, and out of a wit ness borne unflinch ingly for truth, God brings forth great results by his own mighty power. Philipp Melanchthon reached Wittenberg just in time to throw his youth ful ardor into the bat tle for truth. He was the scholar of the Ref or ma tion. He had won the high est respect of the great est scholar in Europe Eras mus, the sage of Rot - terdam. Philipp had taken his bach e lor s degree at four teen. He came to Wittenberg in 1518, the year after the nail ing up of the the ses, and with heart and soul gave him self to the new cause. This was no mere intel lec tual bat tle. It was not learn - ing against learn ing. Schol ar ship had lit tle to do with it, save as God used it to open the long-closed word of life and set it before the peo ple. Hun gry hearts were fed the plain and sim - ple fare. In 1519 Melanchthon wrote: I am wholly en gaged on the Holy Scrip tures, and I wish you would also de vote your self wholly to them. There is a won der ful charm in them; yea, a heav enly am bro sia nour - ishes the soul which is en gaged on them. Life of Melanchthon, Richards. Stu dents had lived on the dry husks of phi los o phy and logic and all the rest that makes up a uni ver sity course with - out God and his liv ing word. Now the very waters of life were bub bling up, and thirsty souls were drink ing. They found Christ and the for give ness of sins. It was a new life, not merely a new school of teach ing. Eras mus, the mere scholar, was fright ened. He begged cor re spon dents not to drag him into it or to praise his writ ings that had helped to start the spirit of inquiry. Reuchlin, who had done so much to pre pare the way by his Greek and Hebrew stud ies, was alarmed. Melanchthon was his nephew. Reuchlin finally besought the ardent nephew not to write to him. Mere schol ar ship with out strength of char ac ter and the love of Christ was help less when the hour struck for a revival of the knowl edge of Christ s sal va tion. The wis dom of this world is but fool ish ness with God. Now the young stu dents from over Europe who had found the Sav iour and expe ri enced his par don ing grace and sav ing power in Wittenberg, has tened back to their homes with the good news. Olaf Patersen, of Orebro, Swe den, came to Wittenberg at nine teen. He was doubt less in the throng about the old church when Luther was nail ing up his chal lenge and dec la - ra tion of faith. Back Patersen went to Swe den two years later, and with his brother Law rence set Swe den aflame with the preach ing of the sim ple gos pel. King Gustavus Vasa I espoused the cause, and Swe den was won away from Rome. Vol. 22, No

24 John Tausen, a Dan ish youth, had been sent by the prior of his mon as tery to Ger many for study. He heard of Wittenberg. Though warned that its waters were poi soned, he went there. He, too, found Christ. A few years there, and back he went to Den mark with a mes sage that trans formed the king - dom. The efforts of the eccle si as ti cal author i ties to silence the young man s wit ness were alto gether vain. The flame spread over Den mark. With the heart man believ eth unto righ teous ness, says the Scrip ture. The stu dents of Ref or ma tion times found use for all their intel lec tual pow ers, but that train ing of the mind was of ser vice in the cause of Christ only as Christ him self was found as a per sonal Sav iour, and his cause and work and the sal va tion of souls were made the chief thing on earth. Cal vin s expe ri ence illus trates the point. He was in Paris, a stu dent, fas ci nated with the learn ing of the schools. Wylie tells how Cal vin found that some thing was lack ing in his range of study, and how he found the way into light as he turned to the Bible: One day, while the young scholar of the Montaigu was pass ing through these strug gles, he chanced to visit the Place de Greve, where he found a great crowd of priests, sol diers, and cit i zens gath ered round a stake at which a dis ci ple of the new doc trines was calmly yield ing up his life. He stood till the fire had done its work, and a stake, an iron col lar and chain, and a heap of ashes were the only me mo ri als of the trag edy he had wit nessed. What he had seen awak ened a train of thoughts within him. These men, said he to him self, have a peace which I do not pos - sess. They en dure the fire with a rare cour age. I, too, could brave the fire, but were death to come to me, as it co mes to them, with the sting of the church s anath ema in it, could I face that as calmly.as they do? Why is it that they are so cou ra geous in the midst of ter rors that are as real as they are dread ful, while I am op pressed and trem ble be fore ap - pre hen sions and forebodings? Yes, I will take my cousin Olivetan s ad vice, and search the Bi ble, if haply I may find that new way of which he speaks, and which these men who go so bravely through the fire seem to have found! He opened the book which no one, says Rome, should open un less the church be by to in ter pret. He be gan to read, but the first ef fect was a sharper ter ror. His sins had never ap peared so great nor him self so vile as now. He would have shut the book, but to what other quar ter could he turn? On ev ery side of him, abysses ap peared to be open ing. So he con tin ued to read, and by and by he thought he could dis cern dimly and afar off what seemed a cross, and one hang ing upon it, and his form was like the Son of God. He looked again, and the vi sion was clearer, for now he thought he could read the in scrip tion over the head of the Suf ferer. He was wounded for our in iq ui ties, he was bruised for our trans gres sions: the chas tise ment of our peace was upon him; and with his stripes we are healed. A ray now shone through his dark ness; he thought he could see a way of es cape a shel ter where the black tem pest that low ered over him would no lon ger beat upon his head; al ready the great bur den that pressed upon him was less heavy, it seemed as if about to fall off, and now it rolled down as he kept gaz ing at the Cru ci fied. O Fa ther, he burst out, it was no lon ger the Judge, the Avenger, O Fa ther, his sac ri fice has ap peased thy wrath; his blood has washed away my im pu ri ties; his cross has borne my curse; his death has atoned for me! In the midst of the great bil lows his feet had touched the bot tom; he found the ground to be good; he was upon a rock. Ibid., book 13, chap. 7, p And thus lis ten ing to the voice of God in the liv ing word and tak ing the gift of righ teous ness by faith, young Cal vin became one of the val iant wit nesses to the French-speak ing peo ples. Scot land tried to shut out the Ref or ma tion doc trines. It was impos si ble. The tracts and books from the Con ti nent got across the North Sea in cargo boats and fish ing smacks. A law of 1525 for bade such bring ing in of Lutheran her esy. As well might the law have for bid den the North Sea tides to wash upon the Scot tish coasts. But who was to be the agent to first lift up the torch of Ref - or ma tion truth and to sum mon all Scot land to walk in the light? Again it was a youth to whom it was given to lead the way. Young Pat rick Ham il ton was to be the first mes sen ger. He was but twenty-three at his death. Of princely lin eage, grand son of a king, noble in char ac ter, a stu dent, he had been to Wittenberg. He came back with the reform truth in his heart. [See poem on page 24.] Young Pat rick made the Bible teach ing plain, that Christ alone can make the heart right and by his power cre ate the new life that bears the fruit. Believ ing just that sim ple les son now, means sal va tion and joy in the knowl edge that Jesus has for given all our sins and that we are his chil dren. And that was the Ref or ma tion. It was not any thing else. It came by giv ing the peo ple the Bible. And as men and women and youth laid hold of this blessed truth that no works of their own of any kind could help to save from sin and con dem na - tion, but only faith in Christ, who alone has power to help and save, ecclesiasticism and super sti tion began to tot ter. Ham il ton was has tened to the stake; but his tri um phant wit ness there, and the teach ings that he left behind, began the work that sum moned all Scot land to the con flict. Oth ers caught up the word of light, and no power of evil could stop the spread ing move ment. The mighty work arose out of sim ple faith in the Bible as the word of the liv ing God. Cap ti vated by the love of God for sin ners, they devoted their all to his ser vice in pro claim ing the mes sage of par don and free sal va tion which they had found in the word of God and God used the wit ness of these stu dent youth for the launch ing of the great Ref or ma tion. Old Paths May 2013

25 West Virginia Camp Meeting Smyrna Gos pel Min is tries will be host ing their annual camp meet ing June this year. The camp meet ings theme is The Sab bath. We cer tainly hope you will be able to attend this study and fel low ship retreat. There will be a sem i nar on the lunar Sab bath each day, with ques tion and answer ses - sions at the end of the meet ings. The lunar Sab bath fal lacy has sadly taken some broth ers and sis ters into its deceit ful grasp, and we believe it is past time for God s peo ple to have a better under stand ing of the many prob lems with this wind of doc trine. Look ing at the neg a tive aspects of the lunar Sab - bath will just be a small part of the camp meet ing, though. We will also empha size the truth of the biblical Sab bath, with speak ers cov er ing areas of the Sab bath, such as how it dovetails into the three angels mes sages and righ teous ness by faith and how to enjoy the Sab bath in a man ner that pleases God. We are also plan ning on pro grams for the youth, and Brother Ron Toel will be back this year to share with us from his broad knowl edge of nature. Health pre sen ta tions will be given, and we hope to also have another story tent. Please do not for get to bring your Bibles and a cheer ful heart. This is a camp meet ing, and there is no cost to attend the camp meet ing. For those who do not wish to camp, there are motels nearby; and for those who are older or have med i - cal issues and would like to come but can not afford a motel, con tact us, and we will find a place on site for you. There are com plete direc tions and maps on our website. If you use GPS, the co-ordi nates are: N ", W ". This mes sage is avail able on DVD. The sug gested dona - tion is $3.00 each, which includes post age. You may view and/or down load this video on YouTubeat Patrick Hamilton Oh! young Ham il ton, from beyond the sea He hath strange new doc trines brought, And our father the Pope says such her e tics Are eas ier burned than taught! No cru ci fix in his hand he waves, Nor relic nor chap let wears; And he spends no wor ship on dead men s bones No faith upon dead men s prayers. And young Ham il ton stands in his light of youth, With his calm and holy brow; And it seems as the Father s name of love Were beam ing from it now! The dry wood crack led, the flame rose high, One groan from the breath less crowd; But a voice came back from the man tling fire As a trum pet clear and loud: How long, O my God! shall this dark ness brood? How long wilt Thou stay thy hand? Now gather my soul to rest for thee, And shine on my native land! Mrs. Stu art Menteith Old Paths is a free monthly news let ter/study-pa per pub lished by Smyrna Gospel Ministries, HC 64 Box 128 B, Welch, WV U. S. A. The pa per is ded i cated to the prop a ga tion and res to ra tion of the prin ci ples of truth that God gave to the early Sev enth-day Ad ven tist pi o neers. Du pli ca tion is not only per mit - ted, but strongly en cour aged. This is sue, with other gos pel lit er a ture we pub lish, can be found at our website. The url is: Phone: (304) Fax: (304) Youth at last year s Cal i for nia Camp Meet ing Editor... Allen Stump ed i tor@smyrna.org Associate Editor...Onycha Holt onycha@smyrna.org Vol. 22, No