THE GRAMMATICAL-HISTORICAL METHOD OF BIBLICAL INTERPRETATION PRESENTED TO DR. WAYNE LAYTON BIBL 5723A: BIBLICAL HERMENEUTICS TREVOR RAY SLONE
|
|
- Sarah Neal
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 THE GRAMMATICAL-HISTORICAL METHOD OF BIBLICAL INTERPRETATION PRESENTED TO DR. WAYNE LAYTON BIBL 5723A: BIBLICAL HERMENEUTICS BY TREVOR RAY SLONE MANHATTAN, KS AUGUST 30, 2012
2 There has always been a battle for the Bible. Church history is plagued with deviant views on the topic. Origen (AD ) denied the historicity of parts of Genesis and allegorized other passages as well. The biblical views of Theodore of Mopsuestia (AD ) were challenged in the Middle Ages and afterward. During the Reformation, Calvin charged Servetus (AD ) with denying the factual inerrancy of parts of the Bible. Until modern times, however, none of the deviant views on Scripture became mainstream. 1 As the above quote shows, the problem of giving less credence to the Scriptures than what is appropriate is nothing new. 2 To be sure there are people like Bart Ehrman, Mike Licona, and others who, while often teaching at historically conservative seminaries and universities, nevertheless use methods of interpreting the Bible that are far from what may be considered as orthodox. Mike Licona goes out of his way throughout his recent book The Resurrection of Jesus to deny that certain aspects of the Gospel accounts surrounding the resurrection of Jesus are true, 3 and Ehrman has a plethora of books credited to his name at this time that openly violate the concept of a Bible that is one hundred percent truthful and accurate in all that it speaks about. There are also many, many others who hold similar views these days regarding the Bible, and this problem fundamentally stems from a moving away from the orthodox interpretation position known as the grammatical-historical approach. In this paper there will first be a discussion of what exactly the grammatical-historical method of biblical interpretation is and some of its most prominent features. Then there will be a brief comparison between the grammatical-historical method of interpretation and various other methods of biblical interpretation, followed by a defense of why the grammatical-historical method is superior to other methods. Finally, this 1 Norman L. Geisler and William C. Roach, Defending Inerrancy: Affirming the Accuracy of Scripture for a New Generation (Grand Rapids: Baker Books, 2011), This statement of course assumes that the Bible is fully inspired in both all of its words and all of its ideas. 3 Michael R. Licona, The Resurrection of Jesus: A New Historiographical Approach (Downers Grove: IVP Academic, 2010).
3 paper will entail a few brief examples of how utilizing this method of interpretation can be beneficial when interpreting the biblical text, followed by some concluding remarks. What Exactly Is the Grammatical-Historical Interpretive Approach? So what exactly is grammatical-historical interpretation? Well, put simply it is a type of interpretation that involves the necessity of properly understanding the grammar of a text, including the precise meaning of the individual words and also the intricacies of the syntactical structures within the various sentences, paragraphs, chapters, books, testaments, and the Bible as a whole. Grammatical-historical interpretation also includes the proper utilization of context both within and surrounding a given passage, from the words within each sentence to the Bible as a whole. The historical aspect of the grammatical-historical method of interpretation involves seeking out the precise historical setting of a given passage, including what was going on at the time that the passage was written and also what the passage would have meant to the original audience when they read or heard it. This is not rocket science, as all of this can be gathered simply by thinking about what the terms grammar and history mean, for that is the essence of the grammatical-historical method of interpretation. There are however many other features of the grammatical-historical approach to interpreting the Bible that cannot necessarily be derived from simply understanding the basic meaning of these two terms, although some of them may be able to be infered from such an understanding. One of these other features is the idea that etymological considerations regarding the words of the text are incredibly important. 4 This is not to say that etymology always has the last word in biblical interpretation, for sometimes the meaning of the parts of a word do not equal 4 Robert L. Thomas, Evangelical Hermeneutics: The New Versus the Old (Grand Rapids: Kregel Publications, 2002), 218.
4 the meaning of the word as a whole, especially in certain contexts, but it is of great value to the interpreter nevertheless. Another feature of the grammatical-historical method of biblical interpretation is that it is interested not just in synchronics (the study of how a particular word was used at the time that the given text was written), but it is also interested in diachronics (the study of the history of the usage of a particular word). 5 Again it is true that these methods do not in and of themselves determine the meaning of a word, for context is equally relevant in determining such matters, but they are still helpful for a proper understanding of both the grammatical and the historical aspects of a given passage. The importance of studying synonyms and allowing for their shades of meaning is also something that is typical of the grammatical-historical method of interpretation. 6 Writers sometimes use terms that are similar but not exactly the same in meaning to further accentuate there literary purposes. The grammatical-historical approach takes this literary method seriously. One final principle of the grammatical-historical interpretation method is summed up nicely by Duval and Hays when they say, The way we approach the Bible (i.e. the way we listen to God) should match how God gave us the Bible (i.e. the way God chose to speak). 7 In other words, while it is true that God speaks to all people through all time in His word, from the time that it was written onward, He chose to use specific people with specific personalities who used specific writing styles and lived in specific cultures at specific times to present His message to humanity. This, being a decision made by God Himself, should therefore not be taken lightly. 5 Ibid, Ibid, J. Scott Duvall and J. Daniel Hays, Grasping God s Word: A Hands-On Approach to Reading, Interpreting, and Applying the Bible (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2005), 99.
5 All people should respect these various aspects of biblical writing to the point where they are never, ever overlooked in the process of one s interpretive endeavors. A Brief Comparison of the Grammatical-Historical Method and Other Methods The first method of interpretation that is going to be compared to the grammaticalhistorical method actually covers a wide range of sub-methods. This method involves bringing one s pre-understanding to the text. For instance, a feminist who is convinced that God would never put men over women in any way, shape, or form would automatically, if she interprets the Bible in light of this pre-understanding, view the pre-fall creation account of Genesis in which God creates woman to be man s helper as anything but implying that women are somehow and in some sense subordinate to men. Now, this passage from Genesis will be addressed below as an example of the use of the grammatical-historical method of interpretation. For now let it just be seen that bringing one s pre-understanding to the text when attempting to interpret the Bible not only hinders one from seeing God s intention for any given passage of Scripture, but it also is very contrary to the grammatical-historical method, as the grammatical-historical method necessarily rejects any notion of bringing any pre-understandings (that are not biblically verifiable) to the text when interpreting the Scriptures. One sub-method of this method of bringing one s pre-understanding to the text is known as redaction criticism. Redaction criticism of the Bible claims that subsequent editors (redactors) changed the text of Scripture. 8 This view, if it is true of the Bible, would seriously damage the Bible s credibility. 9 Redaction criticism raises many questions regarding the historical context of when exactly various books of the Bible, and various sections of those 8 Norman L. Geisler, Redaction Criticism, Old Testament, in Baker Encyclopedia of Christian Apologetics (Grand Rapids: Baker Academic, 1999), Ibid.
6 books were written. If the various books in the Bible were written and rewritten by multiple individuals over an unknown span of time then no one can be certain of when the various texts were written, and so everyone is at a loss to discover the historical context of the given passage, because the historical context refers to the setting in history in which the writer wrote the Bible passage. 10 Therefore, redaction criticism is necessarily a highly subjective method of viewing and analyzing the biblical text, which can only lead to further uncertainty regarding the meaning of the various passages of which the historical context is unknown. This flies in the face of the grammatical-historical approach, for as Robert L. Thomas, a strong advocate of the grammaticalhistorical approach, points out, God intended the recipients of His Word to be certain of what He meant to convey in His Word, not for them to be uncertain and confused as to the meaning and purpose of the Scriptures. 11 Grammatical-historical interpretation necessitates that the historical aspects of the Bible can be (not necessarily is) known with certainty, for if not then half of the method, namely the historical half, would be untenable. Redaction criticism also raises additional questions since it assumes that the biblical text has been edited, especially numerous times, such as whether or not the Bible is inspired by God. After all, if the Bible was edited then, if God wrote the Bible, He must have made some initial mistakes right? Some people argue that if someone edited something that does not necessarily mean that the initial writer made mistakes, and that possibly the editor just enhanced the original writing, but that does not work when God is the initial author, because God is necessarily a perfect Being, and He and His Word cannot be enhanced even by Himself, for to enhance perfection is to necessarily go beyond perfection, which is absurd and impossible, for perfection 10 Bill T. Arnold and Bryan E. Beyer, Encountering the Old Testament: A Christian Survey (Grand Rapids: Baker Academic, 2008), Thomas, Evangelical Hermeneutics, 226.
7 is necessarily a quality of utmost flawlessness and totality. 12 So if the Bible has been edited and rewritten by various sources over the years, then the Bible is not the Word of God, plain and simple, since God s Word cannot rightfully be edited. Therefore, redaction criticism must be rejected on the grounds that it ignores passages such as 2 Timothy 3:16 and others that refer to al of Scripture being the very word and breath of God. The next method of biblical interpretation that is now going to be compared to the grammatical-historical method in this paper is the dynamic-equivalence method of interpretation. Now, one very prominent Bible translation that is a result of the dynamic-equivalence method of interpretation is the NIV. Anyone who reads the NIV carefully, especially if they compare it to the Greek and Hebrew manuscripts, will notice that there are many large differences between what the original languages say and what the NIV says in many of the various passages of the NIV Bible. To be sure, the major theological issues are kept intact in the NIV translation (at least to my knowledge), but the language that is used in the NIV is generally so modernized that it is clear that the translators, when they interpreted the Bible, were more concerned with the gist of the meaning of the various passages than they were with staying true to the original words and phrases used by the biblical authors. It should be noted here though that the NIV is far from fullblown dynamic-equivalence. For that one would need to look at something like the Cotton Patch Version of the Bible. In this version of the Scriptures, produced by Clarence Jordan, Annas and Caiaphas are correspondents of the Southern Baptist Convention. Jesus is born in Gainesville, Georgia, and lynched rather than being crucified. 13 This type of interpretation and translation 12 This does not mean that perfection entails everything, but rather that everything it does entail it entails to the fullest extent possible. 13 Ibid, 89.
8 very clearly violates both the grammatical and the historical aspects of traditional interpretation (the grammatical-historical method). The dynamic-equivalence method of interpretation also attempts to do away with ambiguities in the original text in the translation process. 14 This may seem like a good thing, but in reality, when you consider the fact that if a passage in the Bible is ambiguous in the original languages to those that thoroughly understand the biblical languages and the historical setting that the passage was written in, then the passage is most likely meant to be ambiguous, 15 then this attempt by the dynamic-equivalence method to remove ambiguity becomes a problem. It is true that to some extent dynamic-equivalence is a method of translation rather than a method of interpretation, but considering the fact that so many people attempt to interpret the Bible by using such Bible translations as the NIV, rather than by using the Greek and Hebrew texts, it seems more than appropriate to mention such a method in a discussion such as this regarding interpretation methods, for the translation methods of the advocates of dynamic-equivalence directly affect the interpretive process of those who attempt to utilize the translations that are a result of the dynamic-equivalence method in their interpretive journey, especially if they do not understand the original languages. Since dynamic-equivalence does not respect either the grammatical or the historical dimensions of the biblical text to the extent that seems most appropriate in light of a view of full inspiration, 16 it too must be rejected as a viable option for both interpretation and translation. 14 Ibid, We can only guess why God would do this. Most likely it is to make us think harder and be more diligent regarding our biblical interpretation endeavors. This is also yet another reason why it is a good idea, if possible, to learn Greek and Hebrew. 16 By full inspiration I mean something along the lines of complete dictation of plenary verbal dictation of the biblical text by God.
9 The final interpretation method, which is also a sub-method of the above mentioned preunderstanding method, that will be discussed in this paper is the method of genre criticism. This approach, along with redaction criticism (mentioned above) is sometimes known as the Grammatical-critical-historical interpretive approach. 17 Genre critics start their interpretive process with certain assumptions based on what type of genre they feel a particular book or passage in the Bible may be. For instance, many people interpret the book of Revelation as purely symbolic because they believe that Revelation fits into the genre category of apocalyptic literature. 18 The way that they come to their initial assumptions is by viewing other apocalyptic literature from around the same time in history that Revelation is believed to have been written, and then discovering commonalities between those various pieces of literature. For instance, heavy symbolism is seen in all apocalyptic literature written around the time of the first century AD. Another genre that is often used to interpret certain biblical books in a non-grammaticalhistorical manner these days is the gospel genre. Those who advocate such an interpretive method tend to assume that the gospels are generally full of errors and contradictions, and that they are not inherently historically reliable, since ancient documents similar to the gospels in the Bible were often times not intended, or so the genre critics say, to be taken as factually true, but rather the authors often just wanted to get a point across and so they used whatever words or phrases were necessary to make the biggest impact on their audience. 19 However, the grammatical-historical method accepts the Gospels as historically factual. 20 Just like with redaction criticism, if the text cannot be trusted to be reliable, such as these methods insinuate, then divine inspiration gets thrown out the window. It is true that some types of genre should, at 17 Ibid, Revelation actually more accurately fits into the category of biblical Prophecy rather than apocalyptic literature. See Edward Hindson, The Book of Revelation: Unlocking the Future (Chattanooga: AMG Publishers, 2002), Thomas, Evangelical Hermeneutics, Ibid, 274.
10 times, be interpreted in a non-literal manner, such as poetry, but even then the grammaticalhistorical approach is to be preferred, for the historical aspect is necessary to understand what the figures of speech in the poetry may be referring to, and the grammatical aspect is necessary because, quite simply, poetry is written with words, and words have meanings. Why the Grammatical-Historical Method Is Superior to Other Methods Many of the reasons why it is appropriate to view the grammatical-historical method of interpretation as superior to other methods have already been listed above, so this section will be brief. One of the most important reasons that this method is to be preferred over other methods is its stance on biblical inspiration and inerrancy. If the Bible is not fully inspired and completely inerrant, then there is no way for humanity to know which parts are true and which parts are not. If the Bible is not one hundred percent trustworthy in every sense and in every passage, then there must necessarily be a very high level of subjectivity enforced when evaluating the biblical text, because humans do not have any other source of divine revelation to tell us what parts of Scripture are true. Therefore, if the Bible is to be useful on any level other than a purely subjective human one, then it must necessarily be viewed as completely inerrant and completely inspired, down to the individual words and syntactical structures themselves. The grammaticalhistorical method is the only method that takes these concepts, namely complete inspiration and complete inerrancy, completely seriously, and so on that note the grammatical-historical method is to be preferred over all other interpretive methods. Another reason why the grammatical-historical method is to be preferred over other methods that is linked to the above mentioned reasons is that the grammatical-historical method
11 allows for no human gaffes in recording their descriptions. 21 Other interpretive methods that take the inspiration of Scripture less seriously inevitably open the door for authorial errors, including contradictions and historical errors or even flat out lies. It is simply unacceptable, due to the reasons listed above, to assume that these types of things are ever found in the Scriptures, for again if there are errors in the Bible, how are we to know which passages are true and which ones are not? 22 One final reason that the grammatical-historical method of interpretation is to be preferred over other methods is the simple fact that it just makes the most sense. When someone writes a non-fiction book, whatever that book may be about, that author intends a certain meaning for everything that he or she says in that book. That is why languages are (generally) so intricate and filled with rules of grammar and definitions of terms, so that effective communication can take place. There is also the need to understand the cultural setting of the individual writing the book so as to better understand the intentions of the author. To be sure, there are certain topics where the historical setting is more relevant than others, but for anything even remotely similar to the Bible, such as narrative history, law, and personal letters, historical and cultural context are absolutely vital to fully understanding such writings. And so it just makes sense to take seriously the grammar and the history involved in the biblical text. After all, God is perfect, and He chose to communicate with humanity by way of the Scriptures. Should man assume that God is inept to communicate effectively? Surely not! The Scriptures must therefore, as they say, be taken at face value (while taking figures of speech and such into consideration of course). 21 Ibid, Do not misunderstand me here. I am not advocating a pragmatic approach to biblical inerrancy and inspiration. Rather I am claiming that the pragmatic problems inherent in denying complete biblical inerrancy and complete inspiration are grave enough to reject all methods that assume such a denial.
12 Two Examples of Using the Grammatical-Historical Approach The first example that is going to be discussed here regarding the use of the grammaticalhistorical method of biblical interpretation is the one that was alluded to above. The true emphasis of the Genesis account of the creation of man and woman is often times these days explained away by complimentarians. They tend to be influenced by feminist ideology and so they are uncomfortable stating that man was created to rule over the woman. Yes, it is true that man and woman are both equal in dignity and self-worth, as Genesis 1:26-28 makes clear, but the Bible makes it clear that woman was created specifically for man, that Adam actually names Eve, that Adam conveys God s command to Eve, and that the curses in Genesis 3, rather than introducing new realities into the relationship between the man and the woman, merely promised difficulties in the already existing state of affairs. 23 This evidence of pre-fall sex distinctions is based on the grammatical evidence in the Genesis passage in that it takes the wording and the context seriously, and it is based on the historical setting of the passage in that it takes seriously that the distinction between man and woman was made prior to the fall and therefore from a theological perspective the sex distinctions, namely that woman was made to be man s helper, are still valid today, regardless of what the feminists want to think. The idea of women being equal in value but subordinate in position to man should not offend women, for after all Jesus is equal in value to the Father and yet subordinate in position to Him, and it is certainly not appropriate to insinuate that this subordination somehow diminishes Christ in any way. Neither does the subordination of women diminish them in any way. So, the Genesis passage regarding the creation of man and woman can be applied to today s society by holding that while men and women are equal in value, they are nevertheless not equal in status, such as in marriage. The wife 23 Michael L. Chiavone, Lecture 14: The Sexes, in an unpublished class lecture from Temple Baptist Seminary professor, 2012.
13 is called, due to the very nature of how and why she was created, to be her husband s helper, and the husband, due to the nature of his creation and the fact that he was given the charge to rule over her, is called to treat his wife with the best of care, for God has given her to him, and all people should treat gifts given to them by God with the utmost honor and respect. The other passage that is going to be discussed here concerning the use of the grammatical-historical method of interpretation is Isaiah 7:14. Many people argue that this passage has a double fulfillment. However, this passage says that a virgin (an unmarried woman) will bear a son and that birth will be a sign from God, and the son s name will be Immanuel. The birth of the son of Isaiah, which is what most people claim is the other meaning of the passage, not only would not qualify as a sign, since it would not be anything out of the ordinary, but Isaiah s wife who bore his son was also married to him (obviously), and his son s name was not Immanuel. 24 Therefore, in light of the grammatical-historical method of interpretation, this passage is a prophecy referring to, and only to, the birth of Jesus the Christ, as is clearly indicated in Matthew 1:23. We must remember that the grammatical-historical method also holds that there is always only one meaning for any given passage. 25 This passage (Isa. 7:14) can be applied in today s world most notably by using it in an apologetic sense with Jews and others as another reason to believe that Jesus really is the Messiah that was foretold of in the Old Testament. 24 Thomas, Evangelical Hermeneutics, There is no room for a discussion here of how the New Testament authors put additional meanings on Old Testament passages, so suffice it to say that the meanings that the NT writers added to the OT texts are derived from the NT text, not the OT text, and so there is in essence a single OT meaning and a single NT meaning for such passages. See Thomas, Evangelical Hermeneutics,
14 Conclusion In conclusion, this paper has shown what exactly the grammatical-historical method of biblical interpretation is and some of its principles and features. In this paper there has also been a comparison of the grammatical-historical method and other methods of interpretation. Finally there was a brief defense of why the grammatical-historical method is superior to other methods and then a few examples of how the method is used in a practical sense. Everyone that wishes to please God and stay true to legitimate Christian convictions and theology should use the grammatical-historical method of biblical interpretation, for as has been shown above, any other method ultimately kicks inspiration and inerrancy to the curb, and when that happens the Bible becomes nothing more than just another old book. Bibliography Arnold, Bill T., and Bryan E. Beyer. Encountering the Old Testament: A Christian Survey. Grand Rapids: Baker Academic, Chiavone, Michael L. Lecture 14: The Sexes. in an unpublished class lecture from Temple Baptist Seminary professor, Duvall, J. Scott, and J. Daniel Hays. Grasping God s Word: A Hands-On Approach to Reading, Interpreting, and Applying the Bible. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, Geisler, Norman L. Redaction Criticism, Old Testament. in Baker Encyclopedia of Christian Apologetics. Grand Rapids: Baker Academic, Geisler, Norman L., and William C. Roach. Defending Inerrancy: Affirming the Accuracy of Scripture for a New Generation. Grand Rapids: Baker Books, Hindson, Edward. The Book of Revelation: Unlocking the Future. Chattanooga: AMG Publishers, 2002.
15 Licona, Michael R. The Resurrection of Jesus: A New Historiographical Approach. Downers Grove: IVP Academic, Thomas, Robert L. Evangelical Hermeneutics: The New Versus the Old. Grand Rapids: Kregel Publications, 2002.
VIRKLER AND AYAYO S SIX STEP PROCESS FOR BIBLICAL INTERPRETATION PRESENTED TO DR. WAYNE LAYTON BIBL 5723A: BIBLICAL HERMENEUTICS TREVOR RAY SLONE
VIRKLER AND AYAYO S SIX STEP PROCESS FOR BIBLICAL INTERPRETATION PRESENTED TO DR. WAYNE LAYTON BIBL 5723A: BIBLICAL HERMENEUTICS BY TREVOR RAY SLONE MANHATTAN, KS SEPTEMBER 27, 2012 In the postmodern,
More informationTHE IMPORTANCE OF THE CENTRALITY OF THE CRUCIFIXION IN A BIBLICAL THEOLOGY OF MISSION PRESENTED TO DR. HOWARD OWENS
THE IMPORTANCE OF THE CENTRALITY OF THE CRUCIFIXION IN A BIBLICAL THEOLOGY OF MISSION PRESENTED TO DR. HOWARD OWENS ICST 5213C: BIBLICAL THEOLOGY OF MISSIONS BY TREVOR RAY SLONE MANHATTAN, KS AUGUST 7,
More informationMESSIANIC PROPHECY PRESENTED TO DR. LEVI BRENNAN BIBL 5113A: OLD TESTAMENT SURVEY TREVOR RAY SLONE MANHATTAN, KS OCTOBER 5, 2012
MESSIANIC PROPHECY PRESENTED TO DR. LEVI BRENNAN BIBL 5113A: OLD TESTAMENT SURVEY BY TREVOR RAY SLONE MANHATTAN, KS OCTOBER 5, 2012 Abstract In today s world people are constantly looking to be saved from
More informationGeneral Principles of Bible Interpretation
General Principles of Bible Interpretation 1. Always work from the assumption that the Bible is completely inspired (God-breathed); inerrant (without error); infallible (can t fail); and authoritative
More informationHermeneutics for Synoptic Exegesis by Dan Fabricatore
Hermeneutics for Synoptic Exegesis by Dan Fabricatore Introduction Arriving at a set of hermeneutical guidelines for the exegesis of the Synoptic Gospels of Matthew, Mark, and Luke poses many problems.
More informationExcursus # 1: Is my Bible translation trustworthy?
Words of Life (Part 4) Inerrancy: Are there errors in the Bible? Introduction: These men ask me to believe that they can read between the lines of the old texts; the evidence is their obvious inability
More informationA Review of Norm Geisler's Prolegomena
A Review of Norm Geisler's Prolegomena 2017 by A Jacob W. Reinhardt, All Rights Reserved. Copyright holder grants permission to reduplicate article as long as it is not changed. Send further requests to
More informationMike Licona on Inerrancy: It s Worse than We Originally Thought. By Dr. Norman L. Geisler November, Some Background Information
Mike Licona on Inerrancy: It s Worse than We Originally Thought By Dr. Norman L. Geisler November, 2011 Some Background Information A closer look at Mike Licona s book on The Resurrection of Jesus reveals
More informationTHE BIBLE. Part 2. By: Daniel L. Akin, President Southeastern Baptist Theological Seminary Wake Forest, North Carolina
THE BIBLE Part 2 By: Daniel L. Akin, President Southeastern Baptist Theological Seminary Wake Forest, North Carolina Confessions On The Bible Baptist Faith and Message 2000 I. The Scriptures The Holy Bible
More informationArbor Foundations A SOLID BASE TO BUILD UPON. Lesson 3 The Bible II: Hermeneutics
Arbor Foundations A SOLID BASE TO BUILD UPON Lesson 3 The Bible II: Hermeneutics A Definition: Hermeneutics The word hermeneutics (from the Greek word hermēnēuo, to interpret ) is a technical term for
More informationTHE GREAT DEBATE ABOUT ENGLISH BIBLE VERSIONS: A CALL FOR REALISM AND CIVILITY
CHRISTIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE PO Box 8500, Charlotte, NC 28271 Feature Article: JAF3364 THE GREAT DEBATE ABOUT ENGLISH BIBLE VERSIONS: A CALL FOR REALISM AND CIVILITY by Dave Brunn This article first appeared
More informationValley Bible Church Theology Studies. Inerrancy
Inerrancy We believe the Bible is completely truth in everything it teaches, whether explicitly or implicitly. It more than accomplishes its purpose without failure, it does so without communicating erroneously.
More informationWHAT VERSION OF THE BIBLE SHOULD I USE? THE KING JAMES VERSION: GOD S RELIABLE BIBLE FOR THE ENGLISH-SPEAKING CHURCH
WHAT VERSION OF THE BIBLE SHOULD I USE? THE KING JAMES VERSION: GOD S RELIABLE BIBLE FOR THE ENGLISH-SPEAKING CHURCH Most people cannot read the Bible in its original languages. While language barriers
More informationStart With A Good Translation
A Class Presented By: Jerry F. Hutchins, Pastor Timothy Baptist Church 380 Timothy Road Athens, Georgia 30606 (706) 549-1435 www.jerryhutchins.org Start With A Good Translation Literal translations attempt
More informationAn Easy Model for Doing Bible Exegesis: A Guide for Inexperienced Leaders and Teachers By Bob Young
An Easy Model for Doing Bible Exegesis: A Guide for Inexperienced Leaders and Teachers By Bob Young Introduction This booklet is written for the Bible student who is just beginning to learn the process
More informationBasics of Biblical Interpretation
Basics of Biblical Interpretation Recommended reading: Fee, Gordon D. and Douglas Stuart. How to Read the Bible for all its Worth. Third edition. Grand Rapids, MI.: Zondervan, 2003. Fee, Gordon. New Testament
More informationNipawin Bible College Course: BT224 Hermeneutics Instructor: Mr. David J. Smith Fall Credit Hours
Nipawin Bible College Course: BT224 Hermeneutics Instructor: Mr. David J. Smith Fall 2018 3 Credit Hours dsmith@nipawin.org COURSE DESCRIPTION It has been rightly said that every verbal utterance and every
More informationInspiration of the Bible / COB /
Inspiration of the Bible / COB / 10.27.13 Introduction [Slide 1: blank] I have been coming to work dressed like this, in layers. There is the thermal underwear layer, the flannel shirt layer, the sweatshirt
More informationASSEMBLIES OF GOD THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY. DOCTOR OF MINISTRY PROGRAM October 23-27, 2017
ASSEMBLIES OF GOD THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY DOCTOR OF MINISTRY PROGRAM October 23-27, 2017 PTH 931 ADVANCED EXPOSITORY PREACHING Doug Oss, Ph.D. Email: osshabitats@aol.com COURSE SYLLABUS COURSE DESCRIPTION
More informationTHE CHICAGO STATEMENT ON BIBLICAL INERRANCY A Summarization written by Dr. Murray Baker
THE CHICAGO STATEMENT ON BIBLICAL INERRANCY A Summarization written by Dr. Murray Baker The Chicago Statement on Biblical Inerrancy is copyright 1978, ICBI. All rights reserved. It is reproduced here with
More informationCounseling Discipleship Training
CAN I REALLY GOD S WORD? 1. God s Word depends on (1 Cor 2:10-11) 2. God s Word exists by (1 Cor 2:12-13, 2 Tim 3:16) 3. God s Word is understood by (1 Cor 2:14-16) WHAT IS HERMENEUTICS? 1. Simply put,
More informationStudies in the Prophetic Books
Studies in the Prophetic Books OT 2389 Focus on Isaiah Spring 2015 Seminar Professor: Dr. R. Kirk Kilpatrick Professor of Old Testament and Hebrew Office Phone: 751-3024 // Home Phone: 754-5070 Course
More informationFor the Lord gives wisdom; from his mouth come knowledge and understanding. Proverbs 2:6
For the Lord gives wisdom; from his mouth come knowledge and understanding. Proverbs 2:6 1 This week focuses in on how the Bible was put together. You will learn who played a major role in writing the
More informationAdditional Information on Tools of Bible Study Part 1
Additional Information on Tools of Bible Study Part Sources of Information to Help with Interpretation For the interpreter, books (and other written materials) are almost as essential as a saw and hammer
More informationThe Chicago Statements
The Chicago Statements Chicago Statement on Biblical Inerrancy The Chicago Statement on Biblical Inerrancy (CSBI) was produced at an international Summit Conference of evangelical leaders, held at the
More informationBiblical Inerrancy - Part 1 Theology of Inerrancy
Biblical Inerrancy - Part 1 Theology of Inerrancy Dr. Paige Patterson Introduction. A. Tolstoy wrote of the end of faith years ago. B. Evangelical Christians have tried to answer the questions he raised
More informationThe Completeness of the Scriptures
This very important subject must precede the detail study of any scriptures. Most of the confusion about many Bible verses results from the practice of using non scriptural information as determining factors
More informationWhat does the Bible say about itself?
What does the Bible say about itself? The Bible is the supreme authority in all matters of faith and practice in the lives of Christians. The second letter to Timothy says that All Scripture is God-breathed
More informationWhat Is the Bible? The Authority of the Bible
This is a sample chapter from Christian Beliefs by Wayne Grudem What Is the Bible? Any responsible look at a single Christian belief should be based on what God says about that subject. Therefore, as we
More informationSyllabus for GBIB 507 Biblical Hermeneutics 3 Credit Hours Spring 2015
I. COURSE DESCRIPTION Syllabus for GBIB 507 Biblical Hermeneutics 3 Credit Hours Spring 2015 A study of the problems and methods of Biblical interpretation, including the factors of presuppositions, grammatical
More informationBELIEVE SERIES Lesson One. The Bible
The Bible BELIEVE SERIES Lesson One Key Verse: "All Scripture is God-breathed and is useful for teaching, rebuking, correcting and training in righteousness, so that the servant of God may be thoroughly
More informationHow Can I Trust Christianity and the Bible Are True With So Many Changes and Translations?
How Can I Trust Christianity and the Bible Are True With So Many Changes and Translations? I recently visited the Museum of the Bible in Washington DC. I was excited to go there, because I thought I would
More informationHISTORICAL CRITICISM: A BRIEF RESPONSE TO ROBERT THOMAS S OTHER VIEW GRANT R. OSBORNE*
JETS 43/1 (March 2000) 113 117 HISTORICAL CRITICISM: A BRIEF RESPONSE TO ROBERT THOMAS S OTHER VIEW GRANT R. OSBORNE* Thomas s basic thesis has merit: the view that the Gospel writers wrote independently
More informationFROM A GARDEN TO A CITY: THE IMPORTANCE OF LITERAL INTERPRETATION Tom s Perspectives by Thomas Ice
FROM A GARDEN TO A CITY: THE IMPORTANCE OF LITERAL INTERPRETATION Tom s Perspectives by Thomas Ice The sweep of human history, as revealed in God s Word, begins with Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden.
More informationCommentary on Sample Test (May 2005)
National Admissions Test for Law (LNAT) Commentary on Sample Test (May 2005) General There are two alternative strategies which can be employed when answering questions in a multiple-choice test. Some
More informationRevelation. An Introduction ~ Part 2 ~ Interpretation & Prophecy
Revelation An Introduction ~ Part 2 ~ Interpretation & Prophecy I Methods of Interpretation C. Millennialism 1. Amillennialism 2. Postmillennialism 3. Premillennialism D. Prophecy 1. Prophecies Regarding
More informationAaron Shelton. Egalitarianism and Complementarianism, the Effect on Gender Roles. Christian Doctrine I. Dr. Woodring 11/14/11
! Aaron Shelton Egalitarianism and Complementarianism, the Effect on Gender Roles Christian Doctrine I Dr. Woodring 11/14/11 Shelton, 2! How does gender play a role in the Church today and what does the
More informationUnderstanding Bible Study
Understanding Bible Study A Systematic Approach to Studying the Whole Counsel of God Dr. Marshall Dean Whitaker 2 0 1 2 M A R S H A L L D E A N W H I T A K E R Table of Contents About the Author 3 Leader
More informationOT 511 INTERPRETING THE OLD TESTAMENT. Gordon-Conwell Theological Seminary. Spring, 2019 J. J. NIEHAUS
1 OT 511 INTERPRETING THE OLD TESTAMENT Gordon-Conwell Theological Seminary Spring, 2019 J. J. NIEHAUS I COURSE DESCRIPTION A general introduction to the study of the Old Testament in terms of authority
More informationPart 3 A Framework for Approaching the Bible
Part 3 A Framework for Approaching the Bible Be diligent to present yourself approved to God as a workman who does not need to be ashamed, accurately handling the word of truth. 2 Timothy 2:15 For the
More informationGORDON CONWELL THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY TEXAS REGION
GORDON CONWELL THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY TEXAS REGION OT/NT 517: INTERPRETING THE BIBLE FALL 2012 Rev. Luis E. Benavides, Th. D. (603) 261-1973 E-mail: Lbenavides1@msn.com Class Meeting Times We will meet October
More informationPresuppositions of Biblical Interpretation
C H A P T E R O N E Presuppositions of Biblical Interpretation General Approaches The basic presupposition about the Bible that distinguishes believers from unbelievers is that the Bible is God s revelation
More informationBI-1115 New Testament Literature 1 - Course Syllabus
Note: Course content may be changed, term to term, without notice. The information below is provided as a guide for course selection and is not binding in any form. 1 Course Number, Name, and Credit Hours
More informationPRACTICAL HERMENEUTICS: HOW TO INTERPRET YOUR BIBLE CORRECTLY (PART ONE)
CHRISTIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE P.O. Box 8500, Charlotte, NC 28271 Feature Article: DI501-1 PRACTICAL HERMENEUTICS: HOW TO INTERPRET YOUR BIBLE CORRECTLY (PART ONE) by Thomas A. Howe This article first appeared
More informationCourse 101. Biblical Exegesis I
Course 101 Biblical Exegesis I Content and Context We have stated the Exegesis means exposition or explanation. Biblical exegesis is the process which involves the examination of a particular text of scripture
More informationAlmost all Christians accept that the Old Testament in Scripture given by God. However, few
Introduction: Almost all Christians accept that the Old Testament in Scripture given by God. However, few Christians know what to make of the Old Testament. Some of this may be due to the fact that most
More informationReading and understanding the Bible (A helpful guide to basic Biblical interpretation.)
Reading and understanding the Bible (A helpful guide to basic Biblical interpretation.) We are so privileged to have access to a Bible, and in our own language. If you do not have a Bible, please make
More informationBOOK REVIEW. Thomas R. Schreiner, Interpreting the Pauline Epistles (Grand Rapids: Baker Academic, 2nd edn, 2011). xv pp. Pbk. US$13.78.
[JGRChJ 9 (2011 12) R12-R17] BOOK REVIEW Thomas R. Schreiner, Interpreting the Pauline Epistles (Grand Rapids: Baker Academic, 2nd edn, 2011). xv + 166 pp. Pbk. US$13.78. Thomas Schreiner is Professor
More informationA Proper Method Of Bible Study
Bible Study Principles A Proper Method Of Bible Study ➊ THE METHOD OF BIBLE STUDY SHOULD BE ONE OF GREAT CAREFULNESS The reading, searching, and studying of the Bible should be with great attention, and
More informationA Basic Guide to Personal Bible Study Rodney Combs, Ph.D., 2007
A Basic Guide to Personal Bible Study Rodney Combs, Ph.D., 2007 Do your best to present yourself to God as one approved, a workman who does not need to be ashamed and who correctly handles the word of
More informationB. Key Question: What does the text say or What do I see
OBSERVATION Bible Study Methods -Part II Passages of Scripture must be examined, searched and inspected. It is a common error when reading the Bible to skip the step of observing the text and move directly
More informationWalton, John H. Ancient Near Eastern Thought and the Old Testament: Introducing the
Walton, John H. Ancient Near Eastern Thought and the Old Testament: Introducing the Conceptual World of the Hebrew Bible. Grand Rapids: Baker Academic, 2006. 368 pp. $27.99. Open any hermeneutics textbook,
More informationSTUDY QUESTIONS. 1. What NT verse tells us we need to interpret the Bible correctly? (1)
Biblical Interpretation Western Reformed Seminary John A. Battle, Th.D. STUDY QUESTIONS 1. What NT verse tells us we need to interpret the Bible correctly? (1) 2. Define and distinguish the terms hermeneutics
More informationThe challenge for evangelical hermeneutics is the struggle to make the old, old
Goldsworthy, Graeme. Gospel-Centered Hermeneutics: Foundations and Principles of Evangelical Biblical Interpretation. Downer s Grove: IVP Academic, 2006. 341 pp. $29.00. The challenge for evangelical hermeneutics
More informationKingdom, Covenants & Canon of the Old Testament
1 Kingdom, Covenants & Canon of the Old Testament Study Guide LESSON FOUR THE CANON OF THE OLD TESTAMENT For videos, manuscripts, and Lesson other 4: resources, The Canon visit of Third the Old Millennium
More information507 Advanced Apologetics BEAR VALLEY BIBLE INSTITUTE 3 semester hours Thomas Bart Warren, Instructor
507 Advanced Apologetics BEAR VALLEY BIBLE INSTITUTE 3 semester hours Thomas Bart Warren, Instructor Course Description: COURSE SYLLABUS In order to defend his faith, the Christian must have a thorough
More information[MJTM 15 ( )] BOOK REVIEW
[MJTM 15 (2013 2014)] BOOK REVIEW Matthew Barrett and Ardel B. Caneday, eds. Four Views on the Historical Adam. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2013. 288 pp. Pbk. ISBN 0310499275. Four Views on the Historical
More informationIs It Just a Matter of Interpretation, not of Inerrancy? Examining the Relationship between Inerrancy and Hermeneutics
Is It Just a Matter of Interpretation, not of Inerrancy? Examining the Relationship between Inerrancy and Hermeneutics Norman L. Geisler 1 Introduction A current argument for broadening the traditional
More informationBiblical Hermeneutics Basic Methodology of Biblical Interpretation
Biblical Hermeneutics Basic Methodology of Biblical Interpretation I. Introduction A. The goals of interpretation: 1. Determine what the author meant by the words which he used. 2. Determine the timeless
More information3: Studying Logically
Part III: How to Study the Bible 3: Studying Logically As we said in the previous session, an academic study of Scripture does not ensure a proper interpretation. If studying the Bible were all about academics,
More informationIS THE BIBLE SUNSHINE OR FOG? (from Expository Studying by Joel James)
1 IS THE BIBLE SUNSHINE OR FOG? (from Expository Studying by Joel James) A number of years ago the governing board of a major evangelical seminary in the United States appointed a new seminary president.
More informationBSCM : Hermeneutics Spring 2019 (193) Thursday 8:00 PM 9:59 PM Dr. David Raúl Lema, Jr., B.A., M.Div., Th.M., D.Min., Ph.D.
BSCM1300-30: Hermeneutics Spring 2019 (193) Thursday 8:00 PM 9:59 PM Dr. David Raúl Lema, Jr., B.A., M.Div., Th.M., D.Min., Ph.D. Professor of Missions dlema@nobts.edu Office: 305-888-9777; Cell: 305-431-4030
More informationBibliology BUILDING CONVICTION AND CONFIDENCE IN THE BIBLE. REGULAR BAPTIST PRESS 3715 N. Ventura Drive Arlington Heights, IL
Bibliology BUILDING CONVICTION AND CONFIDENCE IN THE BIBLE REGULAR BAPTIST PRESS 3715 N. Ventura Drive Arlington Heights, IL 60004-7678 The Doctrinal Basis of Our Curriculum A more detailed statement with
More informationA Case for Christianity
Introduction to Christian Apologetics A Case for Christianity By J.R. Allebach A Case for Christianity Bibliography Holy Scripture The Origin of the Bible, Philip Wesley Comfort The Reasonableness of Faith,
More informationARTICLE 1 We believe in the verbal inspiration of the Bible.
ARTICLE 1 We believe in the verbal inspiration of the Bible. The Bible is the voice of God speaking to humans across the centuries. It is God s message to us. In fact, it is the primary manner in which
More informationBook Reviews. The Lost Sermons of C. H. Spurgeon, Volume 1. Nashville: B&H, Edited by Christian George. 400 pages. $59.99
The Lost Sermons of C. H. Spurgeon, Volume 1. Nashville: B&H, 2017. Edited by Christian George. 400 pages. $59.99 Charles Spurgeon once accused a student of plagiarizing one of his own sermons. During
More informationWAYLAND BAPTIST UNIVERSITY VIRTUAL CAMPUS SCHOOL OF RELIGION AND PHILOSOPHY
WAYLAND BAPTIST UNIVERSITY VIRTUAL CAMPUS SCHOOL OF RELIGION AND PHILOSOPHY Wayland Mission Statement: Wayland Baptist University exists to educate students in an academically challenging, learning-focused,
More informationPosition Paper on Postmodernism By Michael R. Jones
Position Paper on Postmodernism By Michael R. Jones The term postmodern is usually used to refer to architecture or philosophy. While most people do not concern themselves with either, postmodernism as
More informationThe Chicago Statement on Biblical Inerrancy
The Chicago Statement on Biblical Inerrancy Preface The authority of Scripture is a key issue for the Christian Church in this and every age. Those who profess faith in Jesus Christ as Lord and Savior
More informationUndergraduate Course Descriptions
Undergraduate Course Descriptions Biblical Theology (BT) BT 3229 - Biblical Theology An introduction to the principles and practice of Biblical Theology, as well as its complementary relationship to Systematic
More informationThe Concept of Truth in the Inerrancy Debate, Revisited. Richard G. Howe, Ph. D. Definition of Inerrancy
The Concept of Truth in the Inerrancy Debate, Revisited Richard G. Howe, Ph. D. Definition of Inerrancy 1 "What Scripture says, God says - through human agents and without error." Adapted from James Montgomery
More informationReading the Bible. Advance in Faith Unit 107. Lesson 4 Interpreting Scripture Part 3
Reading the Bible Advance in Faith Unit 107 Lesson 4 Interpreting Scripture Part 3 Riverview Church 13 August 2018 Page 1 of 8 1/ Introduction so far 2/ Exegesis Deeper Study (continued) The Literary Style
More informationBL 401 Biblical Languages
Summer 2016 SOUTHERN EVANGELICAL SEMINARY BL 401 Biblical Languages COURSE SYLLABUS 3 credit hours Online I. DESCRIPTION OF THE COURSE Professor: J. P. Lenhart M. A. E mail: jlenhart@ses.edu Phone: (704)
More informationResidential GBIB-512 Course Syllabus. Bethesda University of California
Residential GBIB-512 Course Syllabus Bethesda University of California BETHESDA UNIVERSITY MISSION STATEMENT: Bethesda University of California is a Christ-centered community of higher education preparing
More informationSurvey of the Old Testament
Survey of the Old Testament Chapter 1 Approaching the Old Testament Self Revelation Objective is to know God better Experiencing his attributes Invitation to hear God s story The Plan: God with Us Stages
More informationHigh School / College Sample Questions Reason for Belief Norman L Geisler. (Updated 14 JUL 2016)
High School / College Sample Questions Reason for Belief Norman L Geisler (Updated 14 JUL 2016) It should be noted that these are sample questions only. In the past often the questions on the day of the
More informationListening Guide. He Gave Us Scripture: Foundations of Interpretation. HR314 Lesson 01 of 11
He Gave Us Scripture: Foundations of Interpretation HR314 Lesson 01 of 11 Listening Guide This Listening Guide is designed to help you ask questions and take notes on what you re learning. The process
More informationThe Historical Reliability of the Gospels An Important Apologetic for Christianity
The Historical Reliability of the Gospels An Important Apologetic for Christianity Dr. Zukeran provides a succinct argument for the reliability of our current copies of the four gospels. This data is an
More informationChristian Apologetics PHIL5301 New Orleans Baptist Theological Seminary Defend 2019
Christian Apologetics PHIL5301 New Orleans Baptist Theological Seminary Defend 2019 Apologetics Conference January 7-11, 2019 Robert B. Stewart Office: Dodd 112, extension #3245 rstewart@nobts.edu Seminary
More informationREL Research Paper Guidelines and Assessment Rubric. Guidelines
REL 327 - Research Paper Guidelines and Assessment Rubric Guidelines In order to assess the degree of your overall progress over the entire semester, you are expected to write an exegetical paper for your
More informationSyllabus for GBIB 507 Biblical Hermeneutics 3 Credit hours Spring 2017
Syllabus for GBIB 507 Biblical Hermeneutics 3 Credit hours Spring 2017 Modular/Distance Education Program Blended A Course On-campus dates: February 27-March 1, 2017 I. COURSE DESCRIPTION A study of the
More informationI can sum up this book in one word. It is a VERISIMILITUDE. It means: the appearance of being true or real; something having the mere appearance of be
This book is a sequel to the BJU production From the Mind of God to the Mind of Man. It has the same general and managing editors (J. B. Williams and Randolph Shaylor). 6 of the 7 members of the Text and
More informationWheelersburg Baptist Church 4/15/07 PM. How Did We Get Our Bible Anyway?
Wheelersburg Baptist Church 4/15/07 PM How Did We Get Our Bible Anyway? In our study of God s Word this morning we came to Mark 16:9-20, a passage that contains the preface statement in the NIV, The earliest
More informationHow to Study the Bible, Part 2
How to Study the Bible, Part 2 2017-02-23 at SGC Review - Observation 15 minutes 1. The Fish story (6 minutes) 2. Review homework from 1 Corinthians 13 3. Tools & Tips for making observations - Pen and
More informationOLD TESTAMENT INTRODUCTION - OTX 1011
KINGSWOOD EXTENDED FLAME COURSE OLD TESTAMENT INTRODUCTION - OTX 1011 SESSION 1-2019 Zoom Sessions: Thursdays, 6-10pm EST; January 17, 24, 31; February 7, 14, 21 Instructor: Rev. Dr. Daniel P. Jones Contact
More informationOutline: Thesis Statement: The Minor Prophets are a rich part of the Scriptures that are best understood
Outline: Thesis Statement: The Minor Prophets are a rich part of the Scriptures that are best understood through the grid of the hermeneutical triad of history, literature, and theology. Outline: Introduction
More information12. Biblical Truth vs. Mormon Polytheism
12. Biblical Truth vs. Mormon Polytheism By Dr. Paul M. Elliott From the TeachingtheWord Bible Knowledgebase Part 12 of a series. Read part 11. The church today is especially vulnerable to the lies of
More informationSMALL GROUP LEADER TRAINING
! 1 SMALL GROUP LEADER TRAINING UNIT 1C - Study Prep What does it MEAN? July 2017! ! Study prep: What does it MEAN?! 2 Introduction Regardless of whether you are using pre-prepared Bible Studies or are
More informationThe Foundation of God s Word: Summary
The Foundation of God s Word: Summary The Nature of God s Word (Scripture s Doctrine) The Makeup of God s Word (Scripture s Canon) The Preservation of God s Word (Scripture s Text) The Transmission of
More informationNOTE: THE DISCUSSION GUIDE BELOW IS ON VERSES 24-47
May 15, 2016 Passage: AM John 5:31-47 / PM John 6:1-15 John 5:31-47 (NIV) 31 "If I testify about myself, my testimony is not valid. 32 There is another who testifies in my favor, and I know that his testimony
More informationTotal points not counting extra credit are 100. Each of the following 44 questions is worth one point, for a total of 44.
Total points not counting extra credit are 100. Each of the following 44 questions is worth one point, for a total of 44. True or False Questions: 1. The Bible interprets itself T F 2. A translation is
More informationSt John s Theological College. Anglican Studies COURSE NUMBER BST 510 TITLE THE BIBLE STORY: OLD TESTAMENT COURSE LEVEL 5 NZQF CREDIT VALUE 15
COURSE NUMBER BST 510 TITLE THE BIBLE STORY: OLD TESTAMENT COURSE LEVEL 5 NZQF CREDIT VALUE 15 COURSE AIM St John s Theological College Anglican Studies To introduce participants to the literature of Old
More informationStory Why title this class Story? Why is the concept of story important to us? Why does the Bible as story matter at all?
The Story of the OT Fall 2014 Andrew Klausen Introduction A brief reflection upon Psalm 1. Syllabus Walk through the Syllabus. Introduction to the Class Story Why title this class Story? Why is the concept
More informationCRACKING OLD TESTAMENT CODES: A GUIDE TO INTERPRETING THE LITERARY GENRES OF THE OLD TESTAMENT
CRACKING OLD TESTAMENT CODES: A GUIDE TO INTERPRETING THE LITERARY GENRES OF THE OLD TESTAMENT ------------------------------------------- A Book Review Presented to Dr. T. J. Betts The Southern Baptist
More informationWhy We Believe the Bible It is Inerrant
August 14, 2016 College Park Church Why We Believe the Bible It is Inerrant 2 Peter 1:16-21 Mark Vroegop 16 For we did not follow cleverly devised myths when we made known to you the power and coming of
More informationThe question is not only how to read the Bible, but how to read the Bible theologically
SEMINAR READING THE GOSPELS THEOLOGICALLY [Includes a Summary of the Seminar: Brief Introduction to Theology How to Read the Bible Theologically ] By Bob Young SUMMARY OF PREVIOUS SEMINAR: Reading the
More informationAll Scripture is given by inspiration of God (Theopneustos, God-breathed) (2Tim.3: 16) + Lecture II: How Infallible is the Holy Bible?
All Scripture is given by inspiration of God (Theopneustos, God-breathed) (2Tim.3: 16) + Lecture II: How Infallible is the Holy Bible? + History alone allows us to establish the fact that Jews and Christians
More informationOne Sacred Source The Doctrine of Scripture Know That You Know Godly Doctrine Fueling Godly Deeds December 13, 2009 AM
One Sacred Source The Doctrine of Scripture Know That You Know Godly Doctrine Fueling Godly Deeds December 13, 2009 AM Main Sermon Idea: The Bible perfectly reveals Jesus to all of humanity. Introduction
More informationLiteral taking words in their usual or most basic sense without metaphor or allegory.
Literal Bible Interpretation By Dr. David A. DeWitt [All dictionary quotes here are from the New Oxford American Dictionary. Emphasis in all quotes is mine. I will refer to authors as him rather than him
More informationTeam Background & Preparation
TOPIC 3: IS THE BIBLE RELIABLE? Team Background & Preparation KEY THOUGHT Twenty-eight percent of Americans believe the Bible is the actual word of God and that it should be taken literally. This is somewhat
More information