THI NORTHERN CHURCHES THE SANTAL MISSION SIXTY-FOURTH ANNUAL REPORT DUMKA OF THE FOR THE YEAR 1930 PUBLISHED BY THE 8ANTAL MISSION 0' THE

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1 THI SIXTY-FOURTH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE SANTAL MISSION OF THE NORTHERN CHURCHES (THE INDIAN HOME MISSION TO THE SANTALS) FOR THE YEAR DUMKA PUBLISHED BY THE 8ANTAL MISSION 0' THE CHUBCBIS NORTHERN

2 THE SANTAL MISSION OF THE NORTHERN CHURCHES -~--- ~r.crchtr!! anb :m:tc~5urcr. Re\,. R ROSKNLUND..,. _.". _,..' I '". \or""- ;-. "D~(mka, Sa-nta"l' Pal;ganas,B'ikal'. Jilisruonaric. '. ' BAGGER, MR. & MRS. V (arr in India Dec &. June 1926). ~aldoha BJERKJlSfRAKD,.M~ &, ~.RS. O. S. (al!r. in India April, 1920), on I'II// l.. '" :. i. ~ 1..._,' I. '-""- BODDING, REY. & MRS. P. O. (arr. in India Jan & Nov. 1915). M ohulpaharl. BUTTEDAHL, MISS MAGNlfILD. (m', in Tndia DecAmber 1927) Haraputa. DrESEN, MISS NANCY, (arrived in India December, 1911), ~Ia.har!). ErE, Mr. ~ MnJ3. p~ ';(arrived in India October, 1920), ~lonl,ai T. G, GAmDA~, ARE\". &':M-as. j. "-(an," 'in India Nov, 1915 & Ja~ 1919) onlurl. GIRTZ, REV. & MRS. J, M. (arrived in Tndia April,1921). Asr.:am Colony. GUlNES, REV. & MRS. E. (arr in India February, 19:25 & (lec. 1927),. '1' ~/\:i '". ",. ~~.. "1: :ntt RaBfltkuudi HELLAKDREV. &; MRS. B. A. (arrived in India Oct 1926), Kaera.bani. HOLTEN, MISS GUDRUN, (arr in India Dec. J927). Benagaria, JOHANSEN J. ESQR. ( new arrival 1930) Dnmka. JENSEN, MISS ANtiA, (arrived in India March. 1908), Maharo. KAMPP, REV. & ~$. fl.,,!,. H. Carr in T~dia Nov & March, ]918). Narainpur KRISTIANSEN, REV. & MRS. A. (att. in India. Dec. & Nov.1J27), Gaorang LORNE, MISS LAURA.. (arrived in Tndia Oct. 1923), onlurl. LOWE, MISS ERIKi,Tarrlve1tYn""Ylil1i&"Nov. 1924). Dumk" MILDE, Mr8S HILDUR, (arrived in Tndia Oct 1923), on furl. MILLER, MISS DA.GMAR, (arrived India November, 1920). Harapnta. NIELSEN, MRs. DINA, (arrived in Nov. 1912). Korl)ya. O:rSTAD, REV. &; MRS. J. J. (arrived iu India Dec & Oct. 1907). 'f r " 'f l<1a.lurl OJ!'STAD Rlv. & MRs. K.(arr. in India N~v. HHn & May, 1917), Kaerabani: Ot.E(1EN, M.l8~ ANblA, (arrived in J ndia,april, 192,fl). Saldoh,a, ~... ' '.' I ' :t,""-.1\;l!.j

3 OSTERGAARD DR. E. (arr. in India for. 1928) Benagari~. PEDERSEN Miss Anna, (arrived in India March, Hl20), tm furl. PEDERSON, ReV. & MRS. M. A. (arr in India Oot 1904), on furl. RASMUSSEN MISS. M. E. (new arrival 1930.) Saldoha ROSENLUND, REV. & MRS. R. (arrived in India Febr.1910), Domka. THU, REV. & MRS. ARNE, (arrived in India Maroh 1920). Benagaria TROlIRORG, REV;.& Mrs. KR. (arrived in India Sept & Oct 192:1) Ben~g!lf~. WINDING, REV. & MRS. H. (arrived in India May HH7 &'Deoember 1916) J'oerua. Assam. WOLFl'" Mlss K. (new arrival Febr. 1930). Mcilial'o. iv <QLrustrc.6. REV. R. RoS!'NLUND. Dumka, Santal Pal'ganas. RIOHT REV. B. 'STOYLE-N, KRISTIANBANII, NOltWAY. HEV. COUNT VJGGO MOLTK&, AS1\llNlJjj;~OD, FliEDENSBlJRG, DENMARK. Iby. A. J. HUL\PUQ, GrMld.Forks,N-orth Dak.ota. IT. S. A. RlI:v. J. :J. OF"!"TAD,. ON FURLOUGH. Attorney: REV. JOH:i. GAUSDAL, on fu1 Z. Attorney for Rl!:v. ToRs. GAUSDAL, HE\".' KH. OF:iTAD.!:.EV. M. A. Pl!:DKl<SON, ON FURLOUGH. Attorney: R~.v. J. M. GIRTZ, Grahampur..! ~Ollte ~oa dis. THE NOWREGIAN BOARD FOR THE SANTAL MISSION P"88ident. RECTOR HANS H~. Vice-Pre.'lident. PIWF. KARL VOLD~ Secretary. REV: J.OVS'fAD. HULftlI;RGS PLADS 7, OSLO. Treaau,rer. MISS" ASTA OPSAIIL,.HoLaKRoG~PLA.PS 7, J~s~. MISS M. KINNBROD, RO~SBI!:R~ :m~. " '

4 REV. M. JOHNE. REV. A. E. LEKIfE. S. BALBO, Advocate of Hig.h Court. THE DANISH BOARD FOR THE SANTAL MISSION President. REV. P. OLD~~BURG, YALBr, Copenhagen, 88cT81ary. REv, YALD. CHRI~TL-\Nsr;;N, A.\TWCS,!I'reuu,ret-. RKV. C, CU1US'l'to:NSE";, Vilia Alba, Kongens Tvervej 14, MRl:J. SV LMO THOMSEN. Copenhagen. REV. COUNT V MOLTKE. RBv. DIAN J. C. CHBISTEN:iEN. CAltLSEN,SXIODT, Et)Q. Rav. DEAN K. HIO&~.KlIR. RIGHT It~v. H. FONN~SBBOH WULr RBv. A.. TBELLH. Mr FIBIGER.. THE AMERICAN SOARD FOR THE SANTAL MISSION AI'g.~~ItTg Seminary, Mi,IlI~eapoti8, Minn. U. B. A. REv. A. J. HULTING Preside11t. Rev. J. C. AABERG Vice President. Rev. M. A. PEDEKSO~ Sec'y and Preas. REV. W M. HAGEN. RKv. O. J. NORBY. REV. A. R. PETBKSON. REV. S. O. RONDII:STVJl:Dl'. ~lr. OTTO RoOD. PROF. A. HELLAND Chairman, MR. SIVJC&T THOMPSON. Ex-Oom,. Rlw. S~ M. STENBY. REV. J. C. RoSJ<:LAND. The Oommittee of the America.n Danish Evang. Luth. Ohurch. Rllv. A. DAN, President. HEv. J. C. AABERG, Secretary. MBI. KAROLINE B. KlbLRII:DK, GiAYLING. MJOB. 'l'reanrm

5 SANTAL PASTORS. Dhano Murmu, (retired) Dhorompur. J alpa Soren, 1901, Narayanpur (TeOf' P. O. DitllJi/HIr.) R.atia Mech, 1911, Haraput:l, (Assam Colony.) Kambo Murmu, 1916, Benagaria. Dhunu Kisku, 1916, }iohulpahari. HU8ui HasdaR, 1916, Tilabani. (Monu/pdari P. 0,) Kisun Tudu. 1921, Rantzaupur. (Assam Colony.) Bugda Soren, 1923, Haripur. (Pakuna P.O.) Lodo Soren, 1923, Sapadoha. (Bmagaria P. 0.) Dhononjoe f)jha, 1923, Maharo. Palu HasdaR, 1923, Domboria. (KaeralJani P. 0.) Tiks Murmu, 1924, Chondorpura. (Kaiikund P. 0.) Andreas Murmu, 1924, Oumka. Baijal HasdaR, 1924, Gamharpahari (Benaga,.;a P. oj Mondol Murmu, 1924, Saldoha. (MonulpaIla,i P.o.) Cham pai Hasdak, 1924, Pipra. (Ma/sera P. 0.) Khela Pastor, 1924, Assa.o} Colony. Sanston Hembrom, 1925, Basetkundi. (MaIles/JUr P.o.) Minghu Horen, 1926, J oema. (Gosaingaon P.o.) Galu Soren, 1928, Kaerabani. Pi tor Hembrom, 1928, Mornai. (Dingdinga P. 0.) Simion Murmu, 1929, Khoribal'i (Mucnia P.o.) Emanuel Tudu, 1929, Dhorompur (KumralJad P. 0.> Kunjal Pl.luria, 103U, Pharid pur Lokhon Hembrom, 1930, Grahampur (Dingdingia P.O.) Mongol K.isku, 1930, DinAjpur, Rautnagor, (Ranistulle4il Bengali Pastors. Mazumdar, 1929, Rampul'hat. Sl'inath Biswas, 1930, Nalhati vi P.o.)

6 THE SIXTY FOURTH ANNUAL REPO'RT FOR THE YEAR ,,. Many of our friends woultl certainly like to have k at the background, the setting, or whatsoever name we might use for the surrounding and under. lying '" greater situation" India of today with her hopes and problems. I nside this vast complex our mis$ion is situated. The Santals and other people living in the same area. as the Santals are so extremely few compared with the many millions in all the many provinces and states of which this huge country codsi~ts. In this report our friend's 'might expect to find something about the whole situatiod out here, politically and otherwise, to what extent the Santals are influenced and what that meads for our mission '\Vor~ at present and for the outloo~.

7 2 THE SANTAL MISSION OJ' THE NORTHERN CHURCHES. As far as concerns the outlook we who have been sent to proclaim the 'Gospel, shall be able to find our cc bearing" only by looking back to the starting point. The Gospel is not a thing which we.uhave.1d acoommodate to. cha.nging eonditions... It is " an eternal Gospel to proclaim unto them that dwell on the "earth :I nd unto every nation and tribe and tongue and people" (Revelation 14, 6). We ourselves sha.ll have to accommodate ourse1ves, to "become all things to all men that we may by all means save some". But the Gospel is eternal. And let us always keep in milld that it is so. That will keep the outlook bright. Every time Christian preaching became entangled in temperance agitation, social programs or national problems - all the results and the enthusiasm of the then living generation duly admitted - thpre was something ephemeral. about it, tle next generation found it old fashioned, out of date. But the Gospel is neither old.-fashioned por new ashioned. It is simply eternai. It speaks to the heart, and therefore prefers to speak in the mother tongue so as to reach the heart.. Tha.t is not a 'sort o weakness but a signor supe -.ricirity. A higher civilisation, a more refined language and other improvements are not needf,d in order to get the impression of the Gospel brought into the poor man's innermost heart. The Gospel is snperior to all improvements and human arrangements and nw.ili~~. T~ ~ a. ~ighty,: and,comforting assurance whel"ewith to 8tr~then Joo~ : our hea.rts. regj\rding the out

8 slkt:y: FOURTH' ',ANNUAL RCPORT. The San tal nationality then, the Santn.llanguage, the Santal way of thinking and feeling need no't be improved nor changed. The Gospel is able to reach the Santal heart in its natural native home. However much one might be interested in the greater situation out here in present day India, a Santal missionary will consider it most undesirable that the Santal nation or tribe should be thrown into the melting pot and merged into some wider and higher union, if by that procel)s they should lose themselv.es as Santals. That every na.tion and trihe and tongue and people here in India might have a fair chance, that is our earnest desire. The present political agitation has hitherto only slightly and superficially affected the Santals and in our mission area less even than elsewhere. In the Government officials the Santals see theit friends who protect them from oppression. And in the missionaries they see theil- "gurus" whose instruction and guidance they feel the need of. In dependance they simply do not want. But there is a growing feeling of responsibility in the congregations and more and more Christians seem to realize that some time in the future there will come into existence an independent 8antal Church, but that time is thought of as very distant. And here is then the place to say a few words, about the Church Meeting as we ca.lled it. Areport ID San tali is being print~d in these days, The new and interesting ~at,ure was the,election of delegates. Tha.t a wbole group of people send a

9 .. THE SANTAL MISSION OF THE NOltTElEB.N CHUROHES. representantive with power to speak for them a.nd on their behalf that is something "Western" But it. is not so easy to find a better way f~r thousands of people to consult together or to decide questions of importance for their whole community. The old Santal way of doing it is. the annual hunt where in the night many hundreds sit together in the forest round the campfires and discuss matters under the " dihri" as chairman. But the method is a bit unwieldy. 'Besides that the Santal Christians are now many times the number of a hunt assembly so that it is out of the qoestion to gather them all. Then we try the representation method. This time many of the delegates were probably appointed by the local pastor of course with the sanction of the congregation. As we get more accustomed to it we shall have it done more regularly. At all event the congregations got the understanding tha.t these people' who went to the church meeting were in some way seht by the congregations and not mer~ly invited by the Sahebs. The meeting was held at Benagaria, the place where our mission started. Here I shall only say so much that we were all glad and thankful for the meeting and that a feeling of responsibility was very much apparent. A committee of 3 Santals was appointed. The missionary conference is going to appoint a additional members from among themselves. And then this committee will meet and try to find out what more can bo done in order to encourage the con&,re~ation8 to take over

10 1 S.lXTY FOUR1'H ANNU.A.L REPORT. 5 more -responsibility. By and by some.more elaborate ~nd settled ch.urch costitution will come out of'. it, but we need not - and ought not to.be ina hurry about that, as it is,most essential that the Christians be not hurried into something which they do not understand. As 'said before, more and more of the Christians are coming to understand that the growth' will in the future lead to an autonomous church. We are thankful to Rev. M. Prehn for partaking in the meeting and telling us about the experiences of the new autonomous church which has been the result of the German Lutheran Mission inohot& Nagpur. - Concerning the affair s of the mision in 1930 it should here be said that we have gotten a new arrangement for our tea-garden. The Consul General for Norway, Mr. G. Lochen in Calcutta has now become our managing agent, which we feel to be a good and practical arrangement. The work has been carried on under the same conditions as usual. I refer to the reports given hereafter under the different districts and institutions. Some sickness there has been among the missionaries. ODe missionary Miss Anna Pedersen has had to leave the work at least for some time owing to failing health. We thank Miss Pedersen heartily for the' work she has done out here and hope that she might regain strength to return. During the year the following went, home on furlough : Mr. and Mrs. Bodding, Mr. Bjerkestrand with family, Mr. Gausdal with family,and with 2 of Mr. K, O stad's children, Mrs. KampI> with: 4 1,. ~~il~r~.il~:,,;

11 6 THE SANTAL MISSION OF THE NOKTHERN CHURCHES. And we have had the joy of welcoming ont here Hr. and Mrs. Bodding, Miss K. Wolff, Miss M. E. Rasmussen and Mr. J. Johansen. BENAGARIA The yea!" 1930 is our first in Ben~garia district. This ma.kes it difficult to compare with earlier days. Still I believe it is rig ht to say that the mission work has proceeded very much like previous years. In the BeClllar side of our wor k here in the station we have had quite a lot o~ trouble. Some trusted people were caught in misa.ppropria.tion for a longer period and had to be dismissed. It was not pleasant to conduct the enquiries. But it was a. satisfaction though tha.t they admitted most of what was brought up against them and agreed to pa.y some compensation. I hope it has cleared the air a little hit. In the congrega.tional work there has also been Dl30ny griefs and sorrows. Many church members are s1aek and show very little eagerness both in regard to their own sa.lvation and to their fellow men. Two paid Elders had to be dismissed for unchristian conduct; and a. number of names,had to be cut out from the Church roll as the people ne\ er ca.me to church or had anything.-to do with the Christia.n community. They School work is also going very slowly. This is all very sad. But I suppose it is right to let our Christian friends know something about it. It sometimes makes us very apt to dout if there is any progress iu the mission work at all. Ought we not to admit it and retreat?

12 SIXTY FOUhTB ~UAL ~O;aT~ 7 No I am sure we sho-uld not.. Cl." t"t In spite of the sad facts mention~d', Slbnve. and man, more we believe that Ohrist.has won theba.ttle and is goin'g to ca.rry through, His victory a.lso 'here among the 8antals. We are not discouraged, we looked fol!w.aid with hope. Those whose names ha.vf~ been cut out from the Church rou have not drifted sway this last year. For a long period they have had nothing to do with the Church or Christian community. Kambo Pastor tells me "For years we have looked for them to retnrn', But as they do 1I0t seem to come we think,it is not right to carry 00 their number aod names as Church members. There a.re signs of encouragement also. People'who ha.!e been in Benagaria fur yeara, say that the average church attendance is inoreasing. Quite It number of yonng people come to ou r services and meetings. Several times during the year we have seen \)Ul' big Church nearly fillt:d with people and among them are many pious souls and sincere Christiaus. The politica.l activities and unrest have not affected oor work. Thet'e has been no outstanding events during the year, bllt I should Irke to mention two meetings that were held here during the year. '" In the middle of Octo'ber we had a "refresher Cou..rse" for school teachers conduoted by Rev. & Mrs. Helland with two Santal teaohers, Jaeob f,om Ka.erabani & Gumid from Maharo. About 70 teachers, ma.ny more th n. expected,.gathered and listened attentively and with interest to the lectures and instructions given. It

13 8 THE SANTAL' MISSION OF 'THE NORTHERN OHURCHES. was very encouraging and we hope to have - more of.his kind- another yea.r~ From. 5th.. to. 9th.N ovember a. "big Caureh Meeting ", the first of its kind,. was.held in Benagaria. About 80 delegates fr.om our whole mission 'field with a number of. the. missionaries gathered for discussion and consultation regaluing past, present, and future work in and by the congregations. We believe the meeting marks to a certain extent a new era in the history of our Mission. After these general remarks I shall give a short report of each of the different branches of the work here. ~odgregatiodal Work. We are thankful to the Lord or the harvest that he has permitted us to ca.rry on the mision work during the year proclaiming the "Good News" of Him Who gave Himself for us. 31 Children of Christian parents and 13 persons from amongst the heathens have been baptized in the following pl6.cpb respectively: Benagaria: l~ children of Ohrist. parents & 4 :from heathen ~apadoha: 5 " " _, & 1 " " Sohor Itor 8 " ",,& 8 " " Belbuni 1 "." Gamhar 1 Jithia The paid workers ha.ve been:- " " " " BEN AGARIA: Kambo pastor, Elders Dhunn, Mongol Khade, ;GaJu, & Dasmat. Biblewomen - Anpi,; Salomi, Randhon, Ma.riam, Sa~j.

14 GAMHA'RPAHARI: Baijal pastor,.,' Eld~..,s ' Sod.anand.o. & Su~bba., BiblewQm~ : JiJpit ~"[ Hupni. i, : SAPADOHA; Lodo. pastor,:.,;elder~ ~ i.gu.ndb.~ Singt'ai & Lokhon.. ( JSingf~i I~" L0khon were 'dis~is~(;l during: the. year for uncnrls~ian' Condu'ct.), Biblewom~n : Malho. SOHOR - -rror: Elders, D;llrga, Jadu,Saon~ Biblewomen: Raria & SUp1i.~ JrrHIA: Elders- Kerap & U mes. MATIAJURI: Ram. BURU AMCUA: Elders. Hikim & Basu, - Biblewomen Mariam & Dolgo. DIMB.-\DOHA: A.nta. Biblewomen: Chita &. Purg( DUD H AKANDAR: B U'S l. The Schools. rrhe Progress of our school work is slow. But in spite of unqu'1lified teachers and difficult ies ill gathering the childl'en for instruction, I am glad" for the opportunity we get in our SCh091S to give Christian teaching; and I believe it is some of our most important work from a. mission point of view. Sometimes I have been very glad for work done among the children. n'e,\" village 'school. I fou nd 44 boys gathered. rhey listened att'entively and had already learne8. somethlo'g' aborit the birth 'and work of Jesus 'Christ. Using 'two j stic'ks. some 'of thefu' expiained how Christ wai( 'crucified. ' Once I went out to see a fair1y 'rhey also know that He rose from death and now-'lives and dt&w near unto them who call on Him. No't l long ago I found a boy in one uf our scdools whose 'legs are withertkl. He walke on his arms, more or lebs pulling h~ :lfigs along, more than 80' ~ile.lip anti qown a"8tooer I 2.. &;

15 m~unt&ill'" path~w31k: togett:to; B6b<»o1.: ~: Itl t&l'k:1mrh ltwo ' holtr8:'~: way. ",'.rmre, ';~~~!;;'ample opportunities for development in our school wo k; ;ll~d we hope that we shall: be ' able to,i m~ke' 'mol13 use :0 the op~ortuiriiiie's. The 8tteria~nce' bas' 'b~en is folrows:- VILLAGE SOllOOL:.' ~.-.. ; ~. "N'~~ o:f Publis Average Attendance Dimbadoha:!3~' J,r.;;; 18 Lokhijol -:' ""':'20 d, 16 Sapadoha' ":;, Simanijor.": Bnruamcua: 13..' 9 l\faii~iu ri-" : )Ianjhladih: Athutia ~ :" 15 '12.. Sulunga ' Gamhar 17 '1 ~'.,. ). ; JitI:ia Hatbari. 2i) 17 BOYS', U1' "SCHOOL, B:ENAGARIA, Total Eiuollment Average Attendance 75 GIRLS' U. P.'SCHOOL} HENAGARr.!.'. 'Total Enrollnlenf56. AveI'ag~ Attendance' '35 Theloduatrial Sehcol:. ~ ;' ~: ~.,. i ' ; ~.-- 'Ehe.!V0r.~.~s,been carried o~ aspre;yiously,.;} T,be ~n Jmi1ging, o~'cth~,.!weavi~g BeqtioD,~~ c bee~ r~p~i~. edt. rebll.ut and ;.1;oQfed. with C?orrugfl,~d..iron du.fi~g t~e.~~,'y~~~',,~be, ~umb~r~f :~t~~r~j~,ad~.(p~pils w~re,~--:- ; ;:, :dl'< ;.,,!' _., '. Q~f.pe~~rY;' j 8~ptior;.?~pil". 29~, ~'e~~herbi':'~ i.i'.oj~e.~yj,hg,k", " " ~? ~,,11(.j21 I. At the Dumlta Exhibition in.ji8.nnary! j 19S0~'jthe follow m~j prizes were; obtiq:ned r ~ :)Carf>'!Dtl"'~' ii/;~:.!:fir8t

16 prizes & I;,2: second prizes. & 1 second pri~.", BlX'rY ;:FOUB!lllL ANNUAL RIPOBll\ 11 We; tender' our tnarlks "td the' 'Go'vernm~ent ~ Grants in aid to our schools as follows :" ""; ;,. for Benagaria Boys' U. P. School : ~!b "H~gk '3t':'l " Girls'~,,,,,,,360/- ',,' Industi'ial School" "....." '2~800/~ " " non-recurring Buiiditiggrant... " 1,000/- The Press.: ;, The work In the Press has gone hn 'fair iy" \veti" during the year without any special interruption, and we were able to close our annual accollnt with some balance.' On exper~ advice (" You are wasting "money "on Mtereos and not ge~ting as good a. result : ~s th~ typt! will give you") it was decided in consultation with the Secretary to stop',the maki:ng of sterso plates for the new,mllsic edition of our Seran Puthi. Besides the regular monthly issue of "Pera a.nd,. Bongo Bond u" i 11 Benga.li the have been pl'inted during the year. Hor "'in Santali following "hooi's' Boro Baibel BiLorou Bodding'.s "M~taials : I,&ntali ;.Baibel: Bi bql:o,l\ :;..',: Seren:. i Puthi, 'J,I, ""Kathadlala." i' :; Boro 8ereu,,!Puthi, "1 AnnuaI":':BepOrt' "~"~3tnfori; 1~84i,:.l... 1,000 cople:s 4:00 1,000 I'" ",,~QOQ J,. 1 50, ',',' 1.000, " ' 4UO,~.;..- i,f' Itl.,600; u-

17 12 'l'he SAN'l'AL MISSION OY THE NORTH~RN CHl:RCHh:-i. Pahil Puthi 1,000 Besides the printing of these books, forms etc. for the Government been printed~ The Zemindary: " a number of and others have also The rent collections and other works in connection,. with the Zernindary have been carried OIl as usual in the P3.st year wi~hout any difficulties. The statement of Income and Expenditure will be found in the Accounts appendices under the head of Indian Home :Mission Zernindary Estate. *** *** In closing we send onr greetings alld cordia.l thanks to those who have been \\'ith us in "prayer and supplication with than ks;;ivillg'." \Ve hust tll~.li you will continue with us in the liew year. Some 01 the w01'ker::s, nay all of us lleed to be fllor.e filled with the ~pirit "ut powel', and of love ~Ild of sound mind" in order to do His \Vark \' has sent us. Kr. Trornborg. BASETKU1\Dl DISrrRIO'I\ \Ve have been somewhat distul-bed this year by two events. First, some of the Chri stians, in~luding several of the elders, had combiubd to OU8t Sonatoll Pa8tOl'. Several coo1plaiuts were held forth against him, but at a meeting, held in Ranga ~t which the SecrE1t~;fy WilS pl (:a ~ent, they could not prove any of thf)li charge.:.;. Sooaton continued in his work, and now the relationship

18 ~IXTI FOURTH ANNUAL WHJOltT. between him and his fellow-christians IS agam good, 'fhe second disturbing element is the advent of the Roman Catholics into the district. They have especially worked amongst the Christians, and bave baptized a number of them. The success of the Catholics has been greatest in Simoldohi, and then in Hatimara, One family in Patpahari and one in Basetkundi has accepted their baptism. Most of their converts, who are literate have been given work as Elders or Teachers. 'fhe promises of employment held forth to them, bas surely in most cases been the cause of their conversion. It has not been a question or matter of faith. The Roman Catholic:; have not made any great progress amongst the heathen. 'rhe heathens see little difference bet ween the Catholics and themselves, In.that the Catholics allow their adherents to live practically a~ formerly, even though they are baptized. It is sad that some of our Christians have been led astray. Hut the disturbance caused by the coming of the Ufitholics has c.lused some of OUI' Chl'istiiil]-; tu read their Bibles more earnestly thall they Jill. \\r t"' It.I... e been glad to see that our Christian::! have, fut tlle greater part, stood a~t. \0/8 thank God for this. i'wo families retul'ileu tu our Chul'l:h after tryillg their new fellowship for two months. Our staff is almust the same as last year. \Ve dismissed one 1~lder bec:mse of ill',jglllar conduct, In most places the work has pl ugres~ej. st~a,llil.r, and them are signs of life. In Hatimaril, whel'e the Ciltholics have been especially zealous, and where we have not had any candidates for baptism for many yea,!,:;, we have had the pleasure of ba.ptizing two this year,

19 14 THE SAN.l'.AL MlSSLON Of TH~ NOl1'fHERN CHUlWHI!:S. December 28t,h W(-IS a joyful day for the people of :'idpur congregat~on. Their new Church was dedicated that day. The! Ch~rcb, which is of eartben walls t _ ~ :, ' :. '!,. :.:;. :, and t~fltche~jloc? wa~; JmiH, entirely by, t.he :co.ngreg~tiop, w~thqqt',~aiw' ~id _ from. tb.:e: :\1 ission.,we, were ",rery pleased l. to see how, neatly.a.n.d ' BulJstatlti~Hy' the w()klk had l:kert' carried Dllt: ',..'.... ;. 'The'st:l.tistics are' 'as f611o,vs!:' I ~ l.,. i '.. : f, ;, l:.. :. '. ',.. : I.. Total' nu~~er: of '. baptisms ir~m 8tll conreg~ti9~s\:. ~.;' 1: \ t, I 11: ~., f 1 L." j,,!,,. I ~5. ~hjl<lren j:ox. j Qhr~&tiaDs,,Au(l.60 souls from. amodgst the heathen.,26" oooormed,,: 11 ponples 'mstried:deflu 16. 'Ve ha.ve had religiou~ i~truc~i?,i,1 'rin~, f i, t'::-' ~ : j. ~ : '! : \ 1. )! ~.' t... \!. I, J. : 1 ' i. ~ I \.~p,1 gq:v_eri)jll~mt ~hoql~,y,ltp :~v~r~ a*t~.t;ldltojlpe of, ~288 8.Supd~Yr~qh0pl,olas~s " : ~,,;!' ;~.i ',,'1':98, _. J.OW: ll:yi~~ificp.rql~ h~v~,had", l II",,,1 1i'0. The Qiii~,~~~, cq~dqil I h~,~et tw~,..,i'. In,~pit~j 0..,the "di~ulti~li we: Jhave had :I am rt3j~wmg.,to,see.bpw. th,~,,k\ogdom. of God.is!coming.a.mQl)gs~. Ithis. people. Gimnes, CHONBORPURA D1S'fRIC'r It has been found a.dvis~~e.to ;u.. a~e. SALDOHA with surroundings a special district. The work has its 'natural" centre; in 'Saldoha and 'Chondorp'u:ra ',li'stl'ict is more than large enough -in itself:,;.:. ~,.. "'. t ; ~ _.tp~n;. C9WWis6& I. G~dia.- ~a~if,~?; 9jr~ml,thor/,,.i-rarni ~.qq" ~.. rqa.,,lid al~ l~hw;e _,,i; " q a9.~j?.9~ Pq ~4.! j qistrict.p~~i, ~l~~s 'Y~J;r~lavle.; crpr;c;~~~ J~ ~~fwl-',;fpem)lgr~a.qiqll h~;,~ j G~Hyc~!d; ~~W~1.)H p~~.. FI~~_pp.,~~irJl:9.h~~yJ~ aq~

20 hoi?e :;to b~i,~plejo -dp,it \Vit.~out-,~Jp.from the mission. And they made that decision without being l~tiqlula~d: by any missionary; it IS a small thing and still it is to be thankful for..' :J:':.i Not 80 few heathens have been baptized - also some m Ranga where all: Udoke<i, [SO dead and hopeless for some years. ;+~ ~)rni.old,.p~~tor,.~ainflt~ at:ter,a Jong.wea.kn~~ d!ed llece,htlr.. ;:a~ :'has.l:;>e~nx~ther,~e~k fqr th~ }~s~. collpl~,,.fioa,rs, "but he., wa.,~a fait~ful 'YQJ;k~r wl:lo[q W:~i~en:Hm.\~er',:w~~h.,th~u~duJ~ess!,~~)u. ~ho has gp.ne; through. ~h~.bible School,IS now. statjo,ned,there and doing a good work. _ Arid the same is io be said of t.he other workers excf'ptperhaps soma fe\\" who are now oj.j and ab~ut to be pensioned. The district has had good help Trom }fi~s "Anna Pedersen who staved there for a short time and l()()ked ~, < ",,';', :';. ~ after the,vork,. e&p'~~jal!~',the! wol:k a~ofl~ t}~~:.w()!l:1~n and children.. ~ J~tt~e. girl~' school ~,as. ~l~p, sta~~~~ in Chondorpura compound, bu,t now without a.mi~sion.~ry " ~. "'. ),, ~'~.. t lady to assist and encourage it could not be kept up ~.,it ij~",~ijch,. qlore:,dlff~p.u.l~ to.,.. ;~~f\~t a.nd,,keep a gj,js' p~';lool" going ~4a9 a bpy,~' 8.-~hool., Besid'~s' 'that \~he;e there i'~'. a. "Mis~ Saheb" people will come for medicine and help in various way~ ;W;hen, :the'i,mi~~krstliheb i$l no:lil10re "there :they will miss her very har,d., i 'The pasto~ erika) has had some sickness to contend

21 16, THE SANTAL, l(1~lgn,of THE NO~THE-n.N 'tjbuhcbeb. witih: but 'li~' nevertheiess been wor'kinig eagerly in the IM-g8 ':disirict. SALDOHA LEPER COLONY AND DI~RICT. During the passed year the work has made 80me progr-ess" so far as statistics can prove it. 'IIi 'o~4er ur':-take' the' practica.l Work first:' The' nuliber of,pa-. tiemts wasinareased to 300, with' ttie permission of GOvernment.,The -quality of the mbdlcar work 'has hnptov6ti' much througb the arrival of, a 'trained me' died officer and, not least, through' the fait1ifnl 'Bnd efficient work of a young I aburatory assistant, who though a leper himself has brought the laboratory' work up'tostarldal'd. 'fne result' 'has been general 'irrip~o;' vement in the condition of the leper p,tients and 1U 12 cases t~e disease was arrested. Alsoth'e spritllal work. carried,cont through'; Bible classes and Sunda.y schools, bore fruit, ana' on the 2'8rd; Jtlrre' we were a.now~d to baptise' :23 beathens and 1! were "admitted as coiniiluhica.nt~. '::,.',.Also -tfle Distric'f work 'bab~'; been carried' oirt" as usual, the soil has been pt-epared and':the "~s6wn;; a"d w,e ~~Hry'e:. th~, fr~~t s~~1l,~e.?arv6sted flome time.. 2 keaaen. anti" ~ 14) eaoildrtm liof' Christiatis we e" baptised.,0,:; L ~ ',< i~a~fff"'

22 THE M'I'DDLE FIELD." ',,"", '1 CQnditions and Qutlook as last y~ar it would,~eem. In tbe :E.astern, pa.rt there has been mnoh siclc~es~ I},ow and then, in :MbHUIJPAHA~RI itself Joseph's wife *ot small pox, happily in a rather mild degree. The,~rkers there have,been working, well dud~g the absence on leave or Mr. and Mrs. Bodding. In TILABANI which has for many years been such a hard field we have had the joy to see 4- heathens baptized during the yehrl In KA.H.IKADOR the preacher has been some what hindered in his work by sicknefls and death in his 'family. In DUMKA things have gone on very much like last year 3 heathens have been baptized. People are -- it seems to me - more eager to listen tban "they have heen, especially in the villages along the road from Dumka to Mohulpahari. )1 ight be that in these times with titeir uncertai uties and agitation poor people as the Santals have come to feel more keenly the need of something - they do not know what, something to rely on in this life and after. In the village school work which Miss Lowe has bet\n sllperiutending:we have had.the encouragem~nt tha~ the Christian headm~d in Kusuw togebh~r.mph the villagers (heathen Santals) have built a school house chiefly,by their own.mooeyand lay their own \vork, they got'the timber from the mission. The' day we.opened that,nice iclile-c.overd,'aouse ',lin :the~presenee 10 a lot of people was a great day.. ~ ;}

23 In the congregatiohal: 'work we have also had encouragement. The congregation have undertaken to hsvethe old churoh here, which is used' for. school "work; covered with tiles, all expenditure (except" 80me timber y outside the mission account. Some few people are being instructed for baptism. We thiuk the outlook is hopeful. THE NORTH.WEST FIELD. The same could be said as in last report. The unpaid worker is continuing his work. In JALW Ab1 we had placed a prea.oher but when.his wife died he had to move back to his home. We hope soon to have him back to Jalwae, as he is a good worker. No baptism of any heathen to report.. But I have no dout that a good and faithful work is being done in this large district by the pastor and most of his helpers. In the farthest west a preacher (in Dumbria) became for a. time quite insane, but I am glad to be able to report that he has recovered. lie had a brother who was sick and wanted to became a Chrstian, but the relatives forcibly hindered him, a.nd he died as a heathen. The Ohristian brother felt so grieved a.bout this sad OCcurrance that his mind got quite perturbed. We ought to strengthen the work ont in _ that far away region: Conld we get a pastor plaoed there I Bnt;.at present we have -got. none to spare from other places,

24 KOROYA. SiXTY FOURT-HANNUAL REPORT. 19 Mrs. Dina Nielsen writes :- There are no visible results to be shown for the work done during. the past year. The workers ha.ve been the sa.me, Khudia as preacher and Chunu and Ludu as helpers. Besides these, Hikim has been moved to Barai. His only brother ~ diej aud Hikim was given permission by the Secretary to move to his home and ca.rry on the work from there. Barai lies about midwa.y between Koroya and Majdiha, a.nd the villages around there have been very much neglected. Now there' should be a chance to visit them. The same two Biblewomen, Martha and Koleyan, worked during the last year. We have a family nnder in. strnction with Chunu at Rajbandh, and we have hope that more will come from those parts. There has been also signs of intere3t in several villages, and so- we work. in hope of results in spite of many disappointments. We had hoped to ha.ve KhuJia. ordained, but were unexpectedly hindered by a p~rt of the congregation opposing these plans. They sent compla.ints to the Secretary, and although these were childish, it was decided to let m!1tters rest for half a year. It has baen a very difficult time for Khudia. ~Iay it turn out as is best'; both for him and for the congregation!.' TJlE~: C~urcb attendance in spite of everything h~ been good. But the Wednesaay Meetings which, we have begun aga.in this year have not been attended by the village people a.s well as we eould wish. In conaeation with the Wednelde.y Meatin,s we h.ve :begun

25 20 THE SANXAL HIBSIOlli 01 THE NORTB1!JRN CHURCHI!:S. a Confirmation class of 5 young men to;t meet with Khndia, and 12 women - of which 6 are girls of the Orphan Home - to meet.. with me. An attempt is being made to awaken the interest bi the congregation for the National Missionary Society. Whether this can be done or not time will show. The Orphanage In the Orphan Home we have 33 children of whieh 8 boys are in Kaerd.bani and 6 girls in Mabam. School. One girl was married during the year. 3 children were taken home by their father as he had been married again. The he&lth of the childrea has been good with the exception of Measles and Dysentary epidemics: which, however, were withour casua.l.. ties. We have the' same two "mothers" and a "nurse", :Manjbarr, who takes care of the smaller ohildren and those that are sick. ~he is also a great help in tbe qispensary. The School. The school has the same hea.d mast~r Bhondey, be.sides a young male teacher. and four women teachers. We. have, only boys, chiefly non-christian childrea, in the classes conducted by the male,. teachers, but no boys in the upper classes conducted by the women teachers. In their lower classes,.- however, il1ere' jue both boys and girb. -l' " T9tal Enr-ollment in the School. 'Avem!e }Daul Attendance.-1.,70 ~f. :.i~1

26 SIXTY FOURTH ANNUAL Rr:pou'i'. 21, Class 5 Attendance 3 Passed Examination " " " " ",3 8,., 3 2 " 8 " 8 " " " " " " Infa.nt I 12 ",10. " " ". " II " " " M.jtliha: In M~jdiha. the workers h&ve been' the same; M1lnsing as' plleacher with Dasmat, Harma,Boro and' Jalpa 8S- helpers. The latter was sick mueh of the' time; during the year and died on Christmas day. On the' 7Jth. December we had the joy or baptizing 8 a.dults~ and also' 5 children of Christian parents. In tliat district also there is evidence of increasing id~ terest in Christianity which gives us hopes of seeing'! some results.- Ohurch attendance has been good, but, the Women's meetings with Sewing classes which are held every other Tuesday a.re poorly attended. Most of the Christians liva far from l1ajdiha. The scbool teacher here is Bariar. There are only 10 boys who took. the Examina.tion: Class 2 1 " 'Vba-' Pupils. examination here Class " " 6 boys Passed 5 3 " " " from SIIJINGA School took their with the following results!- 1 boy Passed 1 3" " '2 3 3 la closing, I just wish to. 8.dd that 1 have :been very happy to work to.gether with. tb~ myoo-w-qrkera., : tl I: I,. ' ( rmra. ) :Diaa ')iiellebi~' :- ' "

27 c throngh 22 THE SANTAL MISSION OF THE NORTHERN, OHUBCHBs. DHOROMPUR. DISTRICT. One of our most lonely workers is Ramu in Bagjobda. Tbe village is due SOllth from Tililbani and belonged formerly to Tilabani District. It is on the South-side of Mor river and not far from Suri. As W6 stood on a grass-grown earth mound close to Ramu's house a heathen Santal C3,me along and told my wife and ~e I that we were standing on the ruins of a house built bypp,pa Saheb. Whatever there has been in the old times, visible signs are at present very few, - 8 poor lepers,living in a bouse close by and whom we have in vaig.tried to persuade to go to Saldoha for trea.tment. FfJr several years preaching work a.nd,a little '. bit school work has been done there by Santal workers. At present Ramu who has been in the Bible School is stationed there, and a young teacher was dut'ing the year transferred from Dhorompur to Rllgjobda. But 'as this young man has heen siele and, as it appears, lazy when he was not sick, he has been of no good help to Rllmu'. A church building that cuu Id also be, used a.s a school is needed for the last purpose, school work. Until now :the children, when- the schoolmaster happened.to be thera, have been using a veranda in: R,,~u's living house, a room of which. was oocupied by the young teacher. ~.Y-. A new bouse for the school could then be as churoh as weh. used Notwithstanding the rather hopeless stll.teof things there -,'olllny; years and at present still, 'Ramn' is eh8~.,'brig~.ltopa for tha future. He is

28 0. 'I' : : ;t.otkht~:.in ;, c()o.o~eratiol) :n with his igood fri~dd pastor. ;1:}1auuel in. Dhoro'llpuf far.to the west. Between the c 2 idistant::st.ations ; there are Caristrians halfway forming.a connecting' link. The: reason why Bagjobda has heen.j:transferredifrem Tilabani to Dhorompur district is that in the,rainy. season Mor river sometimes is impassable, while there ' 18 :no big rivpf to cross in the DhlJrompur direotion. And for Dhorompur congregation there is. I think something stimulating in having a.n outstation on which to spend some money. If we are to build the new'church and school house in Bagjobda it will, to a la.rge extent, be' built for money contributed 'by the Dhorompur people. In around Dharo mpllr itself thing~ are nearly as they were last yea.r. Moreover the school at the sta,tion has lost a number of pupils owing no doubt to Gne of the 2 scbool masters being ra.ther lazy (the man who has continued in that manner in Bagjobda until we shall now have to discharge him). But however we have a feeling that the outlook is hopeful. The workers are doing their work faithfully. This year we bave again tried to get sonie l~nd for a.cburch and school to the west from Dhol"ompur bot have,not yet suoceeded. Bar. : KAERABANI DISTRICT. I shall first write about each of the Out-StatWns. Of all the stations in our district, this Qnelies $h$ farthest away. '~"n'~

29 .24 THE SANTAL!USSION,OJ' '.l'lie )loilth_1f chtja6jln. There' is no lal'ge congregation at Bara, and ' there,, is only one mission worker. And all during the last year,he has had,sickness in his family,,and :tbetefot-e not t8 great deal of work has 'been ;done. 'First, 4:ae JUmself was sick Jor severalmonths. Later -his dgsst -6onbecame sick and, had to spend six months ;io Ithe rho:tpital, and part of thetime the fatn.er llad 'Ito. ".be with -him. Bara is a small congregation, but ~thends spiritual life there. And there a.re DO fallen Christians there to hind lr the, work. BabhGndia: This is one of our largest out-stations, with a large compound. It was once the intention to make a station for a European worker at this place. And jf we had a missiona.ry for the place, there would ;00 more than enoogh work for him. The workers Gut there are the sa.me as were.there before, two eva.ngelists and one teacher. The se.hool is getting along well. ADd we have had the joy of seeing' some fruits of the work out there. None have fallen a~ay_ The work seems to be,progressing. lambua: The mission 'has no station 'in this' Village. The church, which lies in the middle 'of the village, was built by the y,~n~regation memb~rs. We ar~ sorry to ha.ve to report;that some o"f the-' Christians out there -bave' bad Jtobe- pot out of ' the- congregation, On account of immoral life. And it is always such who: tliefler ~~e lyor~, ~ pf tj.t:e, ~on g,l!~gatipn.,n~veri~belesl, l Jam bua congregation is perhaps one of th~;-bw;t,;,we,:jjavejiil

30 the whole district. It is the congregation whmb.:js served by our old Pastor, Palu Hasdak. He has done a. good and frithful work. And 'he ~hllsbeen a model for other Christians. Bis own son, 'Jonas, is 'his 00- worker out there. Old 'Karan is sial in the wohr. There is a good Sunday Schoo1. 'Nearby 'there is' a' gtldd government schoo], so the chlfdl'sn h1i.'ve the oppa;tumty to 'learn to read.,domburia : This 1S Pal u pastor's own home village. teven though this village is only three miles from JambllB., they neverthe]fs8 hold their own services there every 'Sunday. 'Bot sometimes, especiauy ttl :t'he imitty'9da.son, it isdiffieult to go -so far, -so1bltey deoided to :hold. sel"vices in both places. 'Ve regl'et to l'eport tha.t one family has gone over to the Auventists. At Dombul ja PaIu's 80D" Kistn, condnct:5 a village school. and the wo'rk seems to be going along well. Kjstu is one of our best, if not our very best, village teacher. zealous Lakbia: Christian. He is a good and At this phwe there is olliy one Christian family. 'fhe rest have all motea away or' have'died 'O\it.~Wt:l have a nice little church -ihere.1'he work there is :too~ after "by the evangelist who li'ves at R"tnpur. He goes th@l'e 'lsundaysand conducts the services. 'MallY tnues t'hechristians of lrampu'r 'go there 'to -eh~. Balu 'is a "pretty good man, but!i do ~ish 'that he h'4d 'wote zeal for the sal \~ation of his own paopte, 4

31 26 'I'HE SANTAL MISSION' OF'THK 'NOTHERN CHURCHES. Rak: This IS a aiffi'cult pl~be. The wo~k seems to be at a standstill out "there. out,thet:efor several y~ars~ There have been DO baptisms But there is a congregation ~nd t~e mempers have been st,eadfast. And now we ha;v,~, gotten a good, wor ker out there, so now we bope for better times at Rak. The workout there is largely Beu~a.li. Taere is a good govern ment school at Rak, so the Christians also have han a chance to learn: to read. Dhobona: Here the work goes along about as before. There are, not so few Christians, bnt we regret to say that the Christian life is not ~o strong. a deal of hope for this congregation. Nevertheless, I have There is a young m!l.~ out there who has for some time ~poken about becoming a Christia.n, but his pa.rents haye foi-bidden.it. B~t BOW he has come here to school at Kaerabani, even withollt his parents' consent. There is a young teacher out there who is willing to support him at school. He has been his pupil. Domkata: TlUs place gives us little jc?y. There are many Christians, but the,christian spirit is weak. However, there are Bome who really desire to live a Christian life 1 Our evangelist down L~ere is really a very good man. Lately tbi~gs pave been loo~in,g brighter there, because many,more are coming to Sunday s.ervices. The Sundar school 1 s fl.ouri$hin~.

32 SIXTY-FOURTH AN NUA,J. REPORT 27 Kaerabani: Here we find much joy in the work. Here we have a. large group of young people and therefore we have several hundred people at every service. And our beautiful church is a wonderful place to gather for services. There we receive much joy and encouragement. The regret,thle thing is that there are some Christians who live like heathens. However, we have the feeling that on the whole there are signs of increasing spiritua. strength in the congregation. In summa.ry I may say that we feel tha.t God is working with us in the task. We feel tha.t His blessing remams over the work. But 0 how we long and pra.y for that the day of awa'kening ma.y oome to the congregations, so that they may be deepened and strengthened in their faith. 1nd finally I want to express our gratitude to all of you who have been standing by us with prayers and contributions during the past year. Kr. Ofstad. KA.El{ABANI MIDDLE ENGLISH AND ELEME~T.ARY 'l'ral~lng SCHOOL. 'Va a.re thankful to the J.Jord that we have Been permit'ed to see another year of wor k at Kaerabani' School. It has been a plea.sant year, but,ve have had,to be ever vigilaut in order that all sides of the work might pr05re~s. But it is for' 'tl;at' we ~re here,and we are glad to stand in the work. C'6ns:~'.I'" tant vigila.nce 1n regard to., details is an ab'sol~te equiremeut in work out here in India',

33 It seems trite for me to sa.y that tha spirit a.mong the boys has been the best of any year since we arrived beret But it is true. There has been better. coop~ratiou in trying to maite the school work succeesfui. The boys seem to. have worked harder. T.her seem, to be. happ~.r. Their Christian spirit has. heen sjlnmr;. ib tbe Sunday, School, their devotionsl and 1 pt8t,f:8l. meetings. Though. th&re is still a healthy rivalry be\w:.$8pt the two; hostels, still.. there.. is not the feeling of animosity that; was present, two years ago. Tftia may b81 pantlf',.. dueto the inbroouction of; a new- mdm of~ studem gtovernme.nt among. the boys. baal" 'y.met we f(lnned a new administration,.. We, ~~dt~afbu the~ Santa! village go vemment. Each hostel roo.' hag; iu: ; leanghi. (heaililman), paranik (assist. ad~h88din~ a.nd~. gedet (meeenger). These au had tfteir<. &88igoadr duties. They" were elecbed by. theiv schooljdilteg. Over the manjhi~ there were placed two desmanjhis, one for each hostel, and over them all wa.s the p'.argana. The boys elected as their pargana the oldest teacher in the Bcnoot; namely, Jacob; This system worjied'well. 'rlirough it" they toor c~re of the sick" arrang~d for the cultivation.of tbe scbool g$rdens a.ud rioe~ds, carried on their devotional and' prayer meetinp, and ran the. hostel government. Tllis was our first y~ar of carpentry work. Many yea~ ago there was some carpentry work done, but for some reason it had been aba.ndoned. The: last C6nference a~r~' to reintroduce,carpentry. It is a

34 :::IJXi'Y HOU lith ANNUAL RJWQ.RT v.ajuabl&., aw:lition to the sehool w~rk, for. every ;Santal needs to do: a,little carpentry in his village& O~~ aim is not to turn out full-fledged carpenters, but rather to teach all the boys in classes five and six how to handle the elementary carpentry imp)ements_ The. boys make such things as are found in the Santal homes, with somf:\ improvements. The ga.rdening and rice-growing: ha1:j bean- carriea on as before. We had some good rainy-season gardens. The cold.;.season gardens are al ways less soocessful. The' soilia not rich enough. We have mane arrauge,;; ments 'fur acoumn}ating fertilizer forthe--gardens, and we. hope'. to' improve the sail by next year. This was the first year of "Jom Phis ". Th~' first w.ord. mealls food} and. the second weans fees. Three fourths of the boya had to pay part of their board. They paid-, at the rate c;[ Re. 1 per month, which is about one-fifth of the actual cost. Since thiswjls the first year, and our Santals ar~ not v!...~y accustomed to have to pay. for themselves at school, we were anxious to see what tb~ result. would be. Thel paid over 85~/G of the tota.l during the year, and some of the r&mainder will no doubt he paid at. the hegin~ nicg of the naw yea)'. And \ve lostcom,parati.v.ely fe~ boys on account. of these fees... Twenty-fi-ve.percent of t~e boy!, were allowed, esship. 11hesa wer.e- giv.en to the children of pour pa.rents. 011 bhe wb~e", w.e Ction BlAy. tpat the introduotion of board..iag. eea.. has proved a success during the first year. We had not ~ed' 8E> 1 good a resuh..

35 SO THE SANTAL MISSION OF 'I'BE NORTHERN CHURCHES. Commencing with 1930, the Teachers' Training Course bas become two years. This last year we bad a good first year class~ Twelve were enrolled. It was a. joy to work with them, for they were so eager.. to put forth their bes'b efforts. My wife and I 'both spent a. deal of of time with this class. We are happy to have them one more year. This year they will prepare themselves for the Government examination. A new Junior Training class is entering. ~One change took place in the teaching staff. David Jha, son of Dhononjoy pastor of ~1 ahara, took thepll 'e ~f Anthony Benha.m. Ant~oDY resigned, to take u.p work elsewhere. David took over the Scouting and was a valuable addition to the musical work of the school. Every year we allow a few unba.ptised boys' to enter the school. This last year was no exception.a:tld among these boys several were baptised, They were such whose parents have been considering baptism for some' time. When tho boys reached the decision for themselves, we baptised them here. There was also a large confirmation class. 'Ve are bappy to have the cooperation of Rev. Ofstad in this work. As I mentioned above, we have feltthilt the devotiona.l life of the boys has been good during the past year. 'We have been encouraged in finding many who seem to be 'living close the their Lord. And, after a11, if we do not succeed in bringing them closer' to God, then our work of educating the boys is missing its; highest aim. I cannot close this report withput men~ioning music. fl Kaerabani school is known for anything, it is for

36 SIXTY FOURTH AN,NUAL RCPORT. 31 its music..ever since Rev. J. J. Ofstad worked so faithfully to train the choir and the brass band, music had been a leading feature at school. And it st.iil. is, under the faithful guidance of old Jacob. Jaoob is 'getting old, but may his days be many yet. He. is dqing good work. The band is playing especihlly well, largely due to the fact that all the members are veterans. But he has new members ready to fill the places when these boys step out. And the choir singing IS our greatest inspira.tion.. The results of the last exa~ations were comparatively favoura.ble. Four ca.ndida.tes were sent up to the Elementary Training Examination, and all four passed. We sent 21 up to the Middle English examination, and I just received the report that 13 have passed, including two Distinctions, two with. H~nqurs, and one Scholarship. I want to repeat.w:bat I s:!id last year, that it seems necessary for the average Santal ~oy to spend three years in the two Middle classes. 1'he brighter ones can pass with a year's reading in each class. Perhaps I have painted the brighter side, but we are driven to optimism.by the response. of the boys. Weare happy in the work. Again we ask for your. continued snd sustained prayers for our boys and for oill'selves. We thank you for your support during the past year. May God add His blessing unto the work. Sincerely, llernhard Helland.

37 'MAHA-RO -GIRLS SCHOOL. "I am ]lot wnrthy :of the least.,o~ all the mei'cies" allli"q all th(:! truth,.w-hich thou hast shewed unto :thy 88r,V4Jn.t '!. G eneiis 32, J O.,. My dear Hetiveniy. 'Father has allo\ved' me :to 'work : for Him about '23 years in J ndia. The de'l'r' Sa'ntals 'have got nearly all my neart, and it will -be "hard to 'leave "them. I will only say a few words about this past year. Firit, heariy' tha.nks to my God alid Faeher for ;au ;hjs h~pand comfort'irom 'the.. first dayto thela'st. ". :Second, mj' Lest thanks to.au our'.-friends in A~ica, Denmark.andNorway for gifts alldrem.em :urance,in prayer. ;This year "11a5 Lef'n a 'very" good one, still we bad a hard time with iilness 'from Feh'ruRry, and one little 'girl died.. Miss Karen Wolff.eamejllst in the right -time -to!heip'us, ~and,it 'was 3:)80 a 'bl'essitfg for us that Miss Nancy Diesen star-edoll to the m;dd4e 10f Ma.rch. She then left for language school. We had,228 ~gift8 is Janual'y., ana,in DeuembGr 2U. ;]lve.of them~.arried, three.orfour of rthem.eft,on,aooooot o.fillness,in their holile6, ;aoosome of tham,d id 'llot :come.back after summer vacation Th'eir behaviour have.~n ve~y good. God.has also blessed us in IDat}y oiher ways. Our last examination ill about all the. ~s was better than we could expect and two ~irls got scholarship, acd one of them 'had distinction.!()ar training,class passed au v~ry well iq their oral

38 BIX'1'~ FOURTH ANNUAl; BEroJlT. examination and we are expf:'oting the good- results also for. their written par.t. it has heen a great joy tu me to teach Scri ptnre and other subjects to the big girls. God. has been with us so wod~erful1y near and we have felt His Holy Spirit touch our hearts and brought us nearer to Christ. This year Government has given us g~a.nt in aid for our Training Class and help for all the students. Last year K. M. A. (Women's.Mis~i.onary Society) helped us in many ways,. so ;tbat we- could carryon our work, before we got the help from Govern~ent mentioned, and they also paid for all our furn itures and many other things for this new class. Our Mission very kindly paid the teachers' s~la.ries. Hearty thanks to our Heaven]y Fa.tberand all these dear friends; 23 girls were confirmed this year and I had the great joy of pi'eparing these for Confirmation. Miss Diesen came back in the end of NovelJlber and will take up the work after Christmas. Miss Wofff will go on as her helper. I pray that they may recei,ve strength from Qur Lord to carryon all the work here. r ask our friends to remember us a.ll in the.ir prayers. 'Anna Jensen. BENAGARIA DIVINITY SCHOOL. The work ha.s been' carried on with the nine students w,~<? co~p)~te~ the first ~'Aar of their :coqr~e!... :... ".5 d..:.,.'. ' ii'

39 ;M THE S~NTAL MISSION :O'F THE NOI:f.THBBN CHURCHES. Dnring:.the year we have g:one:throogh,, tbe.. d:a$i 100hapters o the Gospel according t;o St'.' M:~thew., the Epistle of Paul to the Galatians, Genesis, the His~ry of our Sant~l niissiod~ tbe' frradition~,and Institutions of the Saritals, Dogm'atics: and, as 'in :tlie 'previous. y~ar, there has be'el~ given instruction in ~omi'. letics, in English, Copy-Writing and song. K. R. Gh~se"has been teaching theengli~n Cla~s and",rev.tromborg has; given instruction in-song. '. 'The work among the wives of tne' stndents has been carried OD by' Mrs. TIm. I,I The daily devotional meetings, the weekly prayermeetings and the monthly social meetings has be?n carried on as previously. The weekly village-preaching has been very encouragi~g.,to, all of us and, our meetings have been well attended by the villagers, Inspired,by the Ru.nchi Convention of. Lutheran Federation the students have founded a branch o the National' Missionary Society. During the year the students have visited severa.l of our congrega.tions. and S~muel Philander Hembrom, the student' from the Hcottish Mission bas visited the congregations 0' 'that mission. Rs. 45 'luis been sent in to the N. M. S. The Annual exa.mination was held in the middle of November a.nd in the beginning of Decem ber. The result of the' examination proves. tha.t the students have made progress as they got this year fro,m 660/0 to 850/0 ~f' total marks. One uf the studtmts had' "t~ 0' postpqoe ~he qral e~minatio~ on account 'of ilbless in' liis 'family.

40 8IX1'Y-F,QURTH ANNUAL &JlPORT. : l.rob The Secretary oe,our mission, Rev.,R. Rosenlund and.. Jtev. l'doliiborg 1Iocted as Censors. ':' ':, -.,., ': Easter-vaca~ion we spent.by camping at DhorOl:Dpu~. Aith~ugtl it I!'was a vacatio~ with hot days and, long wa.lks which caused sore legs, the students were in fine spirit and 'they enjoyed the trip very much. The students took both an active and interesting part in the. preparatiqo of tbe Church Assembly held here nt Benagaria in the beginning of November. In :tbe past year the school has been vi~ited by Mrs. J. Hoyland from Kingsmead College at Birmingham. We are very glad that Mrs. Hoyland was able to visit our place during her touring trip to India, and we are very thankfull for the spirit of real Kingsmead Fellowship she brought with her. As a remembrance of her visit to our school she sent us three very nice pictures to decorate the quite empty wal1s of our classroom.we are very thankfull for her kind donation which has done a great dea.l to make our clas.srofjm cosey. I In the second tet'm of the' year Rev. Mcl&.ren from the Scottish Mission at Kalna paid us a visit and delivered a series of lectures on the Ch ul'ch History of Scotlano. The lectures were \~ery much appreciated by thestud~'nts. :; In' fhe Missionary Conference it was deemed that course Rhould be extended to three years and a.ccording to 'that decislon we will have the 0ppo'rtunity and pleasure to, "carry l~n :the, 'Y"ork with the nine, students

41 .-36 THE SANTA L MISSION OF THK NO'!'HE&N CHU&CB.AS. During the yea.r two of our students had the sad experience to lose. their wives. Both of them passed away in the blossom of their youth and as they were 'very plous and kindhearted women, 've a.ll miss them very 'much in our small community. Arne Thu. NARAINPUR BENGAI~I WORK. During the last few years it has several times been pointed out in conference resolutions, reports a.nd mission letters that our mission is in need of at least two more missionaries for Bengali work, and my last ann~al report ended in an expression of the longing for their arrival. So it need hardly be said now, that is h,-s been a disappointment tha.t none has arrived even now at the end of the last year before my furlough in Denll)ark. The lack of missional'ie~, however, has tended to stimulate the endeavours to establish our very small and young Bengali congregation as autonomous. To this end a ChUfCh Council has been established, elected by the congregation, which comes together for a general meeting at the beginning of each year, in 1930 on the 5th. Jan. Also' a constitution for the congregation has been formulated and it is hoped to have it registered before I leave, thus enabling the Church or its C~)uDci] legally to hold and administer property such as chorch buildings and hnd for the supp9rt of pa8~ors or. preachers, the acquisition of which bas also proceeded. Another minister was ordained tl1is. year, namely Srinath Biswa8 of Nalhati, really for work at MaIda

42 SJ.~TY J!'OUltTH ANNUAL RKPORT. 37 together with Bhobo Bhuson Biswas. But the plan had ',to he' altered, 80 he is still at Nalhati and doing very successful work together with his young assistant. J. Jotadhari Das. Bhobo Babu has similarly been assisting J. Mozumdar at Rampurhat during the year. Here a new church has been built, mainly by contributions from Norway for which we are grateful to uuknown friends, - but also partly by collections out here. At the sll.me time good houses were built for the preachers at N alhati on a grouud acquired by the mission. 'Towa.rds tbe end of the year the building of &. small church also at this place was taken in hand. We thank the L. Y. M. in Denmark for the main -contrihution to this. The building ground the congregation has purchased by its own collections. At Tilabani Romesh Babu and Horipodo, and at Narainpur Bipin Habn and Bonomali have been carrying on the work. Now however, Bipin Habn will cease work and Rornesh Babu will Beek employment in another mission, and so Ollf own young workers will try and stand on their own legs. At Benagaria Atnl Babu has continued the same good work 8S previously. In August the young preachers were at N arainpur for a course of study, but otherwise they have been reading at home while working, and have only come bere for t'xaminations. Tbe workers ha.ve given monthly reports as usual. These show that the preachers at N IlraillpUl' hav~ visited 65 paras (villa.ges, village parts or town quarters), those at. TilaLani 41, Rampurhat 31. Nalhati 48 and tbe Bible women 34. We ha.ve small Sunday schools at Narainpur and Nalha.ti. Aver~9 att-endanoe 9 and 6 only.

43 ~8 THE SANTAl. MISSION QF TH~ NORTHERN,CHURCHES. The work among women has suffered considera l?ly OWlDg to the fact tha.t MI's. Kampp h.,d to go to Denmark on furlough with the, childr.~nin' April Mrs. Susii& Bala Sork:ir came here as Bible woman at the beginning of the year, and her daughter Swadesh Basiui as teacher. AfterwcIords Miss, Lilaboti Mondol joined as assistant Biblewoman, but as the. teacher married, {\fiss 110ndol had to do school work for the last few months of the year. The girl school met with some opposition, so the average attendance has only been 12. Kow prospects seem brighter for the new teacher jqining at liew years time. - Bonomali's wife being, a. trained nui'se has assisted in medical work names of patients were taken down. A small Bengali convt-'ntion was held at Benagaria m ~larch. - Bongo Bondhu, the smab Bengali paper was changed from a bimonthly into a monthly. The increased cost was met by private coliections by Christian Bengalis. Among the baptisms and 8 from the Hindus. baptised at Saldoha were 3 from the,muslems Besides 1 Hindu leper was There has been progress, although slow, at all the centres of work. Opposition has also been and is vivid. But we think we a.-re seeing instances of even this, in the providence of Go,l, Leing turned into service for the extension of 'His Kingdom. H. P. R. Kainpp.",<~; '> I'" ;;

44 .. ;.,. :'.:.! " ~~ ~ i: :I~ BENGALI WORK< ~I~DUMKA... Q.;".:;,;~?~f.,' Pr~19?.~r.i(~Jl'. Siroar ha.~ 'to l~av.~ na ow.ing to his wife's s~~~mess DJ.niel Ojha has be,e~ ~lone in th~e:\~o~k " '~inc~. S~p'ten~ber His h9~e~' is., n'a~r ~a.er~~ b:i.r)i.j H~' belongs to a BI~ahmin family.. His grandfa.ther tog~ther" 'wfth 2 b~o'thers becam~ Christian~-. One of these ~ brothers is old Ham Chondro Ojha, the..only surviving of the three. Daniel's father. Kala Cband. Ojha has also diet!; he worked as a preacher among Hindus and bantals, perhaps mostly among.santa.1t~.. And D.iniel who has got his education in the Kaerabani Boys' School knows Santali as well I think,8 his OWIl l~ngl1age ~-'engali. Of special value is it that he is cc'nvl'rsa:nt with the dialects spoken by NC'Il Santals (Hindus aml1\1ohammedans) in the linguistic 'horderland running throl1i1l our mi~sion field~ dia.lects which are neither "'pu I't~" 1~engali nor "pure" Hindi. A mliu who speaks the regular Bengali or Hindi might make himself ullder~tood in the villages here rouud Dumka.. But the villagers espfcially in North and West, partly also ill East of Dumka,do not feel these two languages as their own language. Daniel is able to sp~~k ill such a way that. thel'e is notliing high HO'wn or. foreign about it. And he' l~ a good intelligent and faithful wol'ker: JJ~re. in pumka IS a High School with Hindn and Mllharnmec;laD boys and several Christian boys of whom most are Santals but also a few Bengalis. These Christian boys partake in our church service. But practically sp~aking we have until now done nothing special for them. They Jive in' a boarding house manl\ged in 'connection with the Uigh School.

45 40 THE SANTAL J(lSi:sION 0' THE NORT8EltN OHURCBB8. Sometimes we 'have he~n talking about starting a mission boarding house for these Christian boys. But the difficulty is that the mission oompound is rather too fti.f away from the school, and our mission house in Dangalpara nearer the school does not seem suited for a boarding house. At present Daniel is living in that 'house. Then we have g()t another idea.. The front house in Da.~galpl\1'8 in which we have had a reading room, and for soma time a Bengali girls school, could be made H. shqrt of meeting house or oluh room for the Ohristian High School boys. After' school hours they could go there and spend SO!Ile time with their friends, read some g::)qd books, see the newspapers and amuse themselves in a good way. Sometimes we could arrange for lectures or discussions. D-d.niel could be in charge of this young men's cluh as housefl:lther. A.nd some of the missionaries could pa.rtake in the meetings now ~nd then. We have worked out no elaborate plans as yet. But wa feel that something could be done for the young men in this way, something that might very well go together with the special work among the Non SantalB. Most of the day Daniel will have at his disposal for talking with people in the villages.close by. We have now repaired the front house and shall very soou ha.ve a sort of opening. ceremony. To ~a.ke ~h~ situa~ion <luite clqar 1 ~hould ~d tha.t Daniel

46 ,SIli'J.lY-FQ,VB'l' H.UUWAL REPORT. 41 with, -JUs. -family are living in the Back Honse which is.,a sepa.r~te house. There is.,also a big g8l'den r th~t' coul4- be used for Badminton, and other. games. We hope to be able.at- the, close of 1981"to report of-. good, progress in this wor kf"r the 'youngp8ople. Daniel has been conducting Bengali service h~re in. our church on Sundays' but it is ~nly very ~ few B~ngalis who part8.ke. Bengali Christians are v'ery few here in Dumka. ' DINAJPUR. MALDA. RAJSHAHI. Striotly speaki,ng one name m'ore should be added, as we are working also in the ROngpur District, east from Dinajpur. For the congregational and'.mission work in that region and in the part' of J)i najpur around the railwa.y junotion. Parbatipur, we have now got a. new oentre in the village 'Phoridpur. Kunja.l who has for several years worked there as an "elder" was ordained (in the new church in HarlLputa, Assam, together with Lokhon) and put in charge of the' work. The North~ Eastern. corner of' this mission district has in this way like the North Western corder round Rautnagor been made a. sort of' sub-distriot. Pastor J alpa has thus again been relieved to,so~e exten~.,he, will. get,.,mo,re t,ime. fo~",visiting the numerous congre,gations' in the remaini~g:, parts of his district. Bu t still further di viaion, which,means more pastors, is needed. In the W este~n : p~rt,of 'Dinajpur pastor Moogol is DOW superintending' a '1iuge area bat,,:stiu it' is' -very difficult to 'pro\rid$' lfar ;instrnotion of people who de&il'q:' to beeom~ ~Cbrilitians. utl ~) : \, 6

47 ., THE TBE NOR'nBJRl CHURCH'ES. t'he '1Irorkel'l9 come together astbe5eentres Ntllayanpur, Phoridpur, Rautnagol", Khoribari and Pipra ouee a molttlt or onee every two months 'for bible ~udy aad to discuss the- work and the various ''eases'' that turn up ;in the loca.l con grt'gation s. Sometimes the 5 pastod!l have a special conference. Now and then they seek advice from Dumka. But as a whole the work over there is going on practically without interference from the mission. And as in previons yean the work is advancing. In fhe last year the Christiansbave made some prqiress as,regards self-support. In some plapes they ha~~ built a church or a school house or repaired the old one without Rssistance from the mission. The Boarding Sehool for boys (M. E. seh~l) ill Naraya.nptr haa had some difficulty to go through awing to unwise behaviour of a coup]e ofbeacbers. But the ~ituation has improved after their qi~mis3al. ID Khoribari (MaIda.) where pastor Simeon Mllr. IllU - as pi'&viously - has been the leader, we have got a li. P. soho91 with some -boarders. And in Pipra ( ~ljabj) peltor ObaUlpai HasdalC together with the OOiera Ate e.ndeavodng to start:a. smau -~bo.ol,ior girl,. It shoulcl Pe mentioned that the resistr.dce against the mission' work from sorne p~cu1iar new "sbets" of Santals jnflusj:lced by Hinduisrp.has been less acute than previously.' -. OGodjtiQp,r 4 QQtJ.ook takeq as &.w,hole.are giv.. ing us good ho~ f4t.. - #Jh~ f\ltmn.

48 As reg81t'd's visible "resutlts i' I' ref~r to the statistics.,, 48 THE SANTAL COLONY, ASSAM. I. The Co~gregaton-: GRAHAMl'UR. Last M~ the 4th our Lokhon Elder was ordai'lled. This has ~n a good help for us. He' h-a's taken up his duties with vigour. There were' 85 -children of Christitl.tlfl and af~otnthe heathens baptized; 6& ~fi.. mecf) 1-1 co~ple8 married, and the contributiods were R8. 6i8.8~O HARAPUTA: Batia -Pastor and Dom'lm Elder have-eontinued ~ork. iog here. Aha.ppy event 0' the ~ar was the dellicatioti of the Dew church on the 4th of May. Two months later the cburch was badly damaged by the e&t1lhqnll.ke but it ~ now been repair,ed. There were 35 chhdren of Christians, and 4 from the heathens baptized; 62 90nnrmed, 12 couples married j and Rs /- contributed. MANJADABRI: Khela Pastor has worked most of the year alone. Kalidas Elder had to give up his work on,.aooollnt ofillness. There were 11 children of Christians atld, 43 from the heathens ~ptized, 30 confir~:i, 16 c9jlpies married, a'd'd"rs. 189/15/9 contrib~~~.., ;a~~~zaupur: ~ i,oj', Kisun Pastor:andS >na;!llder'continue here. There

49 ,..,.. THE SANTAL llisslon OB.THE NORTRERN OHUROHBS. were 30. children of Christia.ns and 11 from the heathens ba.ptiz~d; :36 confirmed, 20 :couples married, and Ra. 829/1/6 contributed. II. Self-Support. \ In 1929 we made a high mark in contributions, but this year we have made a low mark, only RB. 2,098/13/8 being collected for the whole Colony, when we include the School tax collected which was only 360/12/... But times are very hard. We have had 3 lean years. The harv'est is scant, and what has been grown brings no price. We have a total deficit for the 4 cplony congregations of Rs. 120/-, and the village school teachers have had no pay for the last three months, because the sehool tax could not be collected. The Santals are poo:r farmers, and poorer managers of their money matters. They are in a very bad economical ;state here. FJ;h~.;pictores ~hat have been.drawn of the conditions in the Colony have been highly overdone. w:~ a.re r~ported as having no money-lenders and no bad ~ebt~..this is not so, we have llloney.lendersby the sc~re) and most. of the Colonists are in debt yto them. 'fhey are not moch better nor milch worse off than Santals in other districts. Bat when I say that a great deal of ca.ttle was siezed this year to pay the Govern ment revenue, yon will understand that conditions are none too good, as no Santal parts lightly with his animals. My recommendations are that a grain gol:- be built; and that a real pucca dam with he8d:- ate8 be made in the Haraputa river. These -two' -~~ings o~n be done witih the:, aid of,.. th~loan Fnnd,wibJtQut

50 any ED:pense to t~e- Mission. The Grain gola would help.them over. hard. tijdes, and \ the pucoa dam would bring' water to the fields through the canals that ~ve been dug; so that they might plant their orops wjthout fail. Experience, has ta~ght us that we must have, irrigation here in this district to farm 8uo0088fu11y. H we look. for any progress in the economical condi. tion of the people here in the Colony, I believe that these two problems must be -seriously faced; and the work carried out. III. Village School. We have 2~ teachers working in 1.9 schools, with an average enrollment of over 20 children per teacher. Village schools in India have a bad name; and our schools are no better than the average. The Deputy Inspector of schoojsinspected thema11, and onjy 4 or 5 oould qualify for recognition. However, we believe that our work is not in vain, even though it is not as it should. be. Many boys and girls learn to read and write, and a deal. of Ohristian knowledge is given the children. IV. Village Elders. and Biblewomen. There IS an Elder and a Bible-woman 1D nearly every one of our 52 village. T.~ey are all unpaid. V. Dispensary. We again write: "No cbange here"! We still have our good but incompetent Cunuc' Oompounder here. He still dabbles: in (,salts,.,oinchona, and Iodine. He "uses the trial and 'e~r~ system of treatment; and whetl.:his stook of : Europea. mediiines do not furnish-

51 the desired: remd~ then he tries the 011 Sant.t remedies. He IJasi 'praetieed" OD ttiatly patients' -duringttt-e,..,.., a4 he has hel'ped: 'these Le: coa1a. '.'Rut we are sare that we Deed eeme,..1..: "":eompetielit help here. We have '8Xpended.. ny tholisfl!lds - in lfto'ney,' and many~1wes of'-hoth 8.nitals and ~peam, and we feel that it is high time that some thing was done t& ameliorate conditioos here. That the S&ntal~ and the MiissionMieshaV9 suffered in silence ('1) is" no reason why this matter should be overlooked. VI. The Loan Fund. LaaaPaniCapitai Januarll, RH. 41, llmpoaits,i tooal.. It, Toial oapdal under care 60, VI~..,Graqampuf M. E~Boarding,School. Th88chool bas progressed slowly but satisfactorily duriag the y.. The.. a.ttendan68 has grown 8 bit, aad it- seems that the bo B will continue to-.come, even. though- they: mnstbring theit' own load. " Three boys appea.red at the Government M. E. examination, and. they;, have beenseot on to Krish. n~ar for further'i;training. We ha"v~ four Santal boys there now, aii~r we. are happy to think of getting some of okr c'~wnboys who' j have a. bttter schooling. We need them for our sohoojsatjd for other work. il.f, TJu. of oor six 8.eaehers are non-chj.istiaa. They are good IJ)eU ; and ;gqocl wl)itkerll.. W e~ are sbrry. to ~i~ ~. oftep.some -of.. the no..n-04rist4ll1s workers )1Ut. t\le Chri$~.~o. ahaa.e rb~ t oqq.. QhJ?idilW.:kaws

52 two it li~ dees IW4s -.pr<.w&; smisf~ry h&'wiii'lie disrriia-l ;,.hi1e the Chriseiaa' often leans $po 'heavity upo. the ;kindu'eiui of hi$: feuo.w Chris_Ito, lj We: fwlish to,expres$. our aweeretlurdk. for. iha slljlpont sad ~p 'a,ud the prayeps of tl1e < m.udit. of the w<u'k dolle bej,ie. May His kiagdom toe, am. Bia will b~ ~ 1, J. M. GiftZ. MORNAl TEA ES.TAT& Tbis haa ~ an e%eeptional year. Eooaomie eomti. tions. have heed somewhat feversed. The peoplft of the d~lony have forn;l81'1y ~u bette~ situated thau ~ose working in the Tea ga.rden. But this year t.bob6wor.. king in the gar den have a decided advantage, in that they' have bad a regn~ar wage, while tnose in the Colony have often gone hungry because of the poor cropa. Annmber of the 0010ny people have sought, work here, but we have o'nly heen able to give a limited namber eujployment. We haye p~ fuuy.700 regular 10bour,eJ:8, besides many sea.soual ones. We. are tbaak.. ful to 8aJ' that we have ',had.~ lij.r.ge outto.r~ of.. w." a.nd that we have got.through th., y_r~8 wor.k SIlCceu.. fully; even though the market for tea has not been so gaoa. the. ~~. of, ~e.bourers hal GeeD compamve good. T~ ~ate, which in SG1De'years ~h8tt been quite high, has been lower this year. Our in<h.n doctor does good wqrk. :: _. ' '! ~ -,'>"1-.:- j: - ~ ~ \.,mae W.d ef" GGd haa. been ;'ptteaehm :at:our regu;' lar ohqroh servi_, ''&lid. on 'Other occasions; and we

53 is TIJB SANTAL JUSSION OF TBK,NOTH~BNCHU8CBII8. believe :~tbat it,h_ done its good work. llowever~ ~ one, womall bom' the' heatbens;bas been,baptized. A number were being ibstructed, but they have ~, bank. Drink keeps many ~from becoming ChristiaDs. We have had the enoouragement to see that, a ' nutnber within the congregation have shown their desire' to advance in Christian knowledgf' and' living. A DUlrlber of women have aljked to join in a class to be instruoted for confirmation so that they might be able to be ad. mitted to the Holy Communion. The children htf.ve been very good in their Sunday school attendance. Onr pastor, Pithor Hembrom, has worked faitb!-ij If as usual. He takes his work seriously, and is devo~ to his duties. There are 87 children enrolled in the prim ary 8C~QOl. '". "(. Some of them are rather irregular in the.ir attendttqof). Bijoy teaches in the two upper cjassas, and a wo P, Pusn&, in the 2 lower gt:a.des. Last fall we again started th'e eve'uing school. Thi. is for the children who oannot go in the dayf;i~e because they are working. This school has been"wel1 ~nded ; a. number of Munda children are also coming. Last ; spring Bjerkeslirands left for their h~lq~ in America, on furlough. We also wish to mention tht\t Mr. G.,Loeben the Norwegian,.Conul-general, was appbiq... ad bv-, the Mission to be our Managing agents, at q,.icu~ta. An uncommon occorance was the severe earthquake of:jllly ard, in which : our; Bungal.' was pajtl, dedroy. eel. Th~ blljlp,j~~a~ n9w,1inim, ;~"Ui.:" d:!j1urio

54 ~ J", SIXTYIIOURTH ANNUAL' RBPORT. 4i9 May the work.that has been done in Mornai Tea Garden then have furthered the advance of" the Kingdom of God in the. hea.rts of men; and its Spirit be tra~slaied into true Christian living by those who are called by His great Name I IIARAPUTA GIRLS' SCHOOL. O. Eie. The past year has had its difficulties, but the assuranoe that the work is the Lord's, has helped us not to lose heart. We are hopeful about the future of the school in Raraputa, in spite of its many problems. The difficulties have been many, but the lack of teachers has been the worst. Ja]pa Tudu was teaching in the upper classes. He was not entirely 8atisf~tory, but we were Phankful for his help. On his leaving in J~ne, he asked for leave until Jan. 81. This placed us in great; difficulties, as we would then have no teachers for the last half of the year. As Jalpa's wife also taught, we would be short of two teachers. Then Rebecca.married, and moved to Gt'ahampur about this--time, leaving only one to teach. It is not possible to get results in. a school without teachers. A Ch.ristili n Bengalee couple had promised to join us after New Year, and we were promi~d a teacher from Maharo, who was also to come at that time" but a hajf year intervened. If we should close the school, it would be very hard work to get it started again. In order to help us out of this awkward situation, we got the teacher from Grahampur who had married RebeccJl.. They b,oth taught.,. Toget~,er with ~he ope reruaioing we had 3 taachefs. It was nqt sq.tisfac- 7

55 50 THE SANTA.L,MISSION OF THH NOTHItBNCHUROaBS. tory with only three, but ilthelped us to keep.: the school going. ':, Now when I look back upon the year 1930, l' see 80 IDurlh to be thankful for. The Kingdom of God is often advanced through trials and difficulties and disss.. pointmenia3.,time and again we experienced that God was with us. It has also been encouraging to see that the pupils have been glad to be in :school, and that their attend. ance has been good. We began the erectiod of our new school-house before Christmas. We hope to be able to move' into it hefore the r-dins. The Benga.lee -couple mentioned above have come, and will begin work in.jan Two Dew tea"chers from Maharo has also joined our teaching staff. God has heard our prayers. 'How good to know that we are under His guidance. The state of health of our boarders hus been excep~ tionally good. Presuma.bly our high and dry compound li1iiy be the reason for the little mala1'ia. among the gitls. It is that malady with which the people "here have to continually to battle. The Sunday school has given me much. pleasure and encouragement also this year. Over 50 have been enrolled, mo!lt,of them girls. Over 40 ha.ve been in regular attendance. ' I am thankful to be working here. May God JgMnt ~e wisdom and strength to continue my -duties aqqof-

56 ding to His will. SIXTY-FOURTH ANNU.Ar~ REPORT 51 Statistics. December, Total Enrollemnt 69 Attendance at annual exam. by classes Av.erageattendance60 Cla88 I A 1 :31,No. of boarders 30 Class I B, Infant 16 Avel'age-attendance 26 Class I C 8 01as as8 III 3 GAORANG. Tota.l 61 Ma.gnhild Buttedahl. When I review the ev~ts of the past year. I see much for which to be thankful. Progress h~ been made along the whole line of endeavour; at least so far as human knowledge can divine. Of spiritua.l conditions, which is the essential, God alone can judge. It has been a task to procure fit Elders to care for the many Christians in this large district. U nhappily I have been compelled to dismiss several Elders 'd'u]'ing the year; either because they were incompetent, or else they were a reproach as Christians. Two of our Elders have been in the hospital for a long time. 'One 'Elder, Suchindro, has been in Benagaria for S months, learning to treat and care for the sick. He has returned, and is zealously engaged in caring 'fol' the numerous siok, while he is also seeking to pro pagate tbe Gospe1. Some of the Elders are very able men, but all, 80 to speak, need more education. A number of young men have been instructed here in Gaorang during the year, a.nd of their number two

57 5.2 THE SANTU HISSION 01', THE NORTHERN CHUROHES. are serving in the congregations. future is a Bible -school f,or tbe Boros. Our desire for the We have had the joy 'here in Gaorang of, baptizing about 40 Boros, who live in a village about 7 miles distant. They have been faithful in their church attendance in spite of the distance; and they have been steadfast, even though the heathens have persecuted tj)em. Now they intend to build a church in their village, and most likely a large congregation would develop there; but we have no Elder to place there. The primary school that we have started here in Gaorang must 'for the' present be held in our little church. During the year quite a.liumber of Boros have learned to read their own language. All told, 300 Boros have been baptized in Gaorang district, of which number 249 are from the heathen. The number of baptized Boros is now ] 005. There are some 500 being instructed for baptism. There are ]6 Boro Elders, and Divine eervices are held in 14 places 'every Sunday. Two new chnrches have been built during the year. The total contribution for 1930 is Rs. 1017/5/9. Besides this the congregations build and keep in repair. their own ~hurches. Where there is a school, they pay half of.the teacher's salary. I am hopeful about the Boro8 becoming a self-supporting and sel~7propa.gating churoh. There are four villag~ primary schools besides the on ~ tn GaoraDg. They are in the first stage~ o de~lop

58 ,SIXTY F6UBTH ANNUAL REPORT. 53 m~nt,.. but then tbe motber tongue is t&nght,. which marks a new epoch in the history of the', Boros. It has come to my notice that the Boros are imitating the Hindus in having child marriages. It is not uncommon to find brides of 7 or 8 years. Sev~ral,have been excommunicated for this evil practice. The Elders and 1 have tried to discourage this evil thing of selling the duaghters in marriage. The results of such a system is that the highest bidder gets the girl, regardless of the character of the person who buys her, or of the kind of home to which he takes the unforturnate child. The Bible history, mentioned in the last report, is now being used to great advantage. Both Christians and heathens eagerly buy it. We have been without hymn books the greater part of the y.r,but during the rains and my stay in the hills the work on the new hymn book was pushed on with vigour. The old hymns have been revised, and,,88 morebave been added, making a total collection of 142 hymns. The ritual for services has also been included in the new book, which is hoped to be off the press in the beginning of the new year. I hope that in spite of the shortcomings of. the th'p book that it will have its mission amongst the people of the congregations On the 8rd of July we had the greatest earthquake that we have had here since There has been continued shocks during the whole year,: but not nearly 80 violent as the first one. Much dama.ge was not done in Gaorang, a.lthough it has taken both tfme and some mone,,: to irradicate the, m~rks of de8trl,1ctio~.

59 54 THE SANTAL MISSION,()f 'its. NORTHERN CHURCHES. The work amongst!the Bol'oS is developing \tery rapidly.,so, rapidly, in faet, that 6.t times one beeomes anxious and deeply,concerned. How shall we shelter the harvest? Jio~' shall" we be' 'able' to preserve. ~he newly baptjzed Christi'ans,' and' teach 't~em. to compr~. hend how; great is the breadth, and the' length, and 'the deptli, and the heigth;' and to know 'the lov~'~f Christ :Which passetb' ;k~~'wleage f Great indeed is the harvest, bat the r lahqurers' are few! The need of able, Christinspired Elders 'is very great! A. Kristiansen JOEMA The :work has been earri~d on much in the same :way as before. A be~ter ehurch was build at Amlai. gnri as well as' a,.good school house, and we have had the.joy to see that, the work round Amlaignri has been stredgthemejd.,i got. a happy letter from the -eftdgelist there tinst after Ohristmas in which he told that more thslt 800 assembled for service' at Christ. mas «&y. At Mokrumur quite a few. have been ba.ptise~. ±:hey. have ma.de their church so nice, and whenever,i have been having service there, the church has been full of people. Dllr ood )liqghl1 pastor was very ill during the raifis. He wa.s broq.ght hf,)re toj oema.,f9f., t~.tment and i~ now IUUC;;~ be~~r.. He :will sta,y. on at J:-Q~wa for w~,\~q.~ we.are ~erl ijlank,ul. dtri- Boarding so'hool has done wen and alsothiis year one 'of.dur boys got 'Government' 'scholarship: '.,

60 I am happy bosay tbat~e c'hristliaqs ~J'e,,contributed more than ever bewretow.~rds the work. Statistios : Baptised children of ChristiaDs Heathen OOlfirmed Ma'rried couples Santalpastor " preachers Boro Schools Pupils Teachers Bible women Sunday schools... Christians Contcibu,tioDS Rs l' ]4:,3 ~ ,139-6":8 BENAGABJA HOSPITAL. H. Winding. The hospital' has bad its ups and downs 'during the,past year. The difficulties have been chietly the sickness among members of the staff, but we are thankful to be able to report that Joearly au" of 'tbe sick. ones are now well or nearly ~(). Duly Lall compounder, ~~9 contracted tube~ujosis las,t' year, must still ke~p to his. bed most of :t~. time,. C He IS im proving, however, and we hope' he will sooo 'be amongst us a.gain. :The;i:otig!tter side is ;tthe, splendid, w-ay,in rw;hioh eveljyone oo-o.penatecl that.~; WDlI'k in the. hospital

61 56 THE SANTAL' MISSION ()F THE NORTHERN OItUBCHJCB. Jbight~not~idfert and the goodspitit. that pervaded everything. Most of the; responsibility,' of : 'course~ fe}} upon the shoulders of Miss Holten and Doctor Banerjee during my illne~, and it was 8. relief to know that the work was in such:'good hands. The buildiqg done las.t year consisted of the erection of a private ward, made possible by the gifts from the Christian Medical Association in Denmu-k. This... ward is a separate building made of brick, consisting.. of one large room, a bath room, and a veranda faces a yard, enclosed. by a brick wall. In one corner.of the yard is a small cook hoose. so it is a complete unit in itself, and entirely private. This is a pucea,. honse, and can well be used by Enropean patients. The attendance at the hospital has increased only slightly d':lr:ing the last year, and as the statistics run abollt the sa.me, I shall not quote them this year. We have sent considerable medicine Loth to Narainpur and Basetkuuw, where Rev. Kampp and o.ev." Gimnes see quite a number of patients. Last y~r the former recorded the names of over 1000 people that he. had giyen medicine to. "i Last year we tried little peripatetic medical work, going each week on market day to Narainpur town and': establishing an outdoor clinic there. The results were very satisfying, and that type of work exceedingly interesting. Besides it is a splendid way to get :in touch. with. people, and many tha.t: otherwise "on14 Qot b~" fe8q can be ref 3he4 in,,~4.~

62 SIXTY I!~OUItTHANNUAL REl"ORT. 57 way bath wit-h medicine and healing, and with the words of the Gospel. I greatly regret that lack of strength and time compels us to a.bandon that type 6 work. I believe it is one of thr, best ways in the world of bringing the message of Jesus Christ to the people of India. And. I believe that itinerant medical work should be made an &COOpted part of the work of the hospital. It would save both it and the staff from becoming all too institutionalized. Our orphanage, whose existence began last June, and whose loca.tion varies between one of the private rooms, the large vera-n da, and the garden, has now a roll of 4 members. They are all well, and are a source of both delight Hnd considerable worry to those who have to oa.re for them. '}'he Evangelistic work IS carried on as usua], chiefly by Atul B... bu in Bengali and Ram in Saut;.Ji. Mi:;s Holten has a weekly Bible class with the com. pounders anu the female workers~ E. Ostergaard. remarks. Dr. Mrs. BODDlr\G'S REPORT. This time I shall confine myself to a few short During the year now passed I was away,from the work for just a.bove nine months. Before we in Febrlla.ry left here for going to Europe, we had it under consideration, whether we should entirely close down the dispensary a.nd hospital durin'g the time of my absence; we,' however, came to the decision tha~ 8

63 58 THE SANTAL 1I1S8ION OF THE -NORTHERN,{lHTTRCHES. it would be justifiable to let the d-ispensary be open with certain safeguards, as my assista.nts would be~ble to help. many of the patients that would come suifer.. ing from the common complaints, such os malaria, diarrhoea, scabies, etc. Dr. Oesterga,1lrd kindly pt'omised to help in connection with ordering medici Iles and also to look aftf'r the work occasionally; I am much indebu-d t-o him for t,his. Before! left ajl poisons and nrrootics were stored away, so that non~ should be ~mpted to use these. As will bf' seen from,the sta.tistics there have been a large number of patients in the course of the year; many of thesf>, likely the grea.t majority or them, ca.me sufferin{f. om the colllidoda1111 well known complaints, and ha.ve been helped; still it is ()nly natura.l that some of those entered in the register and couseqnentj,v also includej in the statistics cannot have been hejpe~ by my assistants. Patients of this kin:1 were rf'fer red to llpnagaria or to Dumka. My assistants have been the same u.s in previous years, and it has been a joy to me, especially tht'ough the letters received from them durin~ my absence in Europe: to perceive how they an, but especially the elder one, Udai, were feeling their resp:msibility and had ';their heart in the w )rk. The spiritual o~ as in previous years. side of.the work lut.s been carried Doring the whole year we have had. Ne~.patients Consqltation" ;

64 :SlX'l' -FUUH'L'U A:o.INUAL U~:POR'l'. Of these the men were' alldthe women pet pet. 'fhe Hindu patient::; wet'e pet. ;. 'rhe Mohammedan"" pet. 'rhe Sanb,l "" pet. The Chri'3tiau "" pet. As the Christian patients were practiea.lly all Sanb.ls, tile Sant d p Ltients w~re netl.rly 53 pet. of all",a fdet that gives us joy. Christine Bodding MR. BODDINU'~ ltepout. The time has come round again when a report is eaned for a.lso from me of how the past year has been spent. Thet'e I~ ; not this time so much to tell, partly because no wol'k has heen brought to a coneiu::;ion, partly because a little mol'e thall nine mouths have L.een spent 011 it fudongh to our home lands. As to the lilel'ary wol k 1 may refer to last year's report where details m'e to some extent given. ~{ost of my time ha.s been occllpied working at the Santal dictionary, By the end of the year we h~ld reache,l weh into words commencing with d m!lking it ready for the presq, As our friends know, we are indebted to, tbenol'wegilltl Acadtlmy of Seienc~ a.nd Lettdl'S in Oslo' for the publishing 'f' of this large WOl"k. The olltturn is first-class., Dlll'ing' ;ny stay in!nor~y I IU1d the pleasure ot seeing 'a. second' part of' this dictiona.ry rea.dy printed;

65 ; < ( ; ~. '- '"' 60 'fhe SANTAL MISSION Oli' THJt: N,O.HTHER.N CHURCHES. it co!!tain~.all words commencing with b and biz. I am mo&t gra.teful to pl of. dr. Sten KonQw for his unstinted assistance -in l'~ding proofs and otherwise. We spent about three and a half months in Denmark and a sim,itar time in Norway and had a very good -time with relatives and friends in both countries. It was very touching to be met with so much love and kindnness and to see, how the work is carried in the hearts and the prayers of so many. We are grateful for this; it has been and will be a great help in 90ntinuing the work. It has been encouraging to see, how the study of the Santals and the Santa! language has commenced to be taken up by European scholars, more especially in Norw:.ay, France and Hungary. The trip to Europe gave me an opportunity of personally meeting with several of these. P. O. Bodding COOCH BEHAR 8WEDI"'H MISSION in connection with The Santal Mi88ion.of the NorU,erll G/turches. In the past year the work has been diffic~it and not without mistakes, yet we can thank God for His help- and faithfulness. We are Hlsothankful to our dear and fr,it~ful friends ill the home country who help us both ~ their prayers apd hy their support. The word of God has been sowed through faith and prayer among both rich and,poor, near and" far. MaDI of' them listened with great interest, but oni1

66 ,. SIXfY-'OURTB ANNUAJ. ltep081' 61. a few have openly ~cepted Jesus as their Saviour. Others admit the truth of the Gospel but remain hesitating because they have so much to strqggle with. Among the Garo people, who now live n,orth of ;Behar, 4 adults and 2 ohildren, aud amongst our own people in Cooch Behar 1 adult and 2 children,have been baptized. The work in our boys' school has progressed and the number of pupils has increased" 80 that at the end of the year there were 192 pupils 'and 10 teachers. We had hoped that the Government should 'help us to get a betttlt scbool and even to give 80me assistanoe to its administration, but that hope has met with disappointment, beoause of the grea;t da'mage caused by the earthquake, the failure of last year's barvest, and the low price8 of all agricultural products. Still we hope that it will be possible for us to continue the school, because the people very much desire that we continue t() do our best for the children, who Mlso through toe school received regular instruction ill the Christian religion, which we hope will bear fruit in time. During the last part of the year separate ~ible classes have been held for the teaohers. A good Christian woman teacher has been placed ID our mixed school here in,. Nilkoti", and the children wbo ~ave attended regularly have, made fsood progress. Our work amongst prisoners 'lias also I,een pontinued, and bas been very encotuaging, as many of ~be,~, returned to their home having-jt$sqlved"to follow the adv,oe we gave them. ' On the 27th. D~Gember