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1 INTERS Interdisciplinary Encyclopedia of Religion and Science Edited by G. Tanzella-Nitti and A. Strumia The Interdisciplinary Encyclopedia of Religion and Science (INTERS) is a dynamic, on line only data base, consisting in extensive, updated entries, signed by scholars who are accomplished in both scientific and humanistic research work. The Encyclopedia is intended to provide sound review articles in the rapidly growing international field of Religion and Science. Each article provides a readable and comprehensive summary of what is currently being discussed in religion and science on specific topics as well as how these topics were discussed historically. The Catalogue of the Encyclopedia is still in progress. New articles are introduced and those already on line are ready to be updated by their Authors under the direction of the Editors. A good number of the articles belonging to the INTERS dynamic data base, were originally published in Italian as part of the Dizionario Interdisciplinare di Scienza e Fede (Rome: Urbaniana University Press - Città Nuova, ISBN X), a two-volume Encyclopedia written primarily by European authors. A first project of translating into English part of the articles of the Italian Dizionario was supported by The Center for Theology and the Natural Sciences, Berkeley, to foster the dialogue between European and American scholars on some of the most important topics in Religion and Science. Part of the English version of the Interdisciplinary Encyclopedia of Religion and Science has been supported by CTNS [1] About the Encyclopaedia To read the articles properly General Abbreviations Sources for the Documents of the Catholic Church Abbreviations for special sources Latin titles of the Documents of the Catholic Church About the Encyclopaedia The Interdisciplinary Encyclopedia of Religion and Science (INTERS) is intended to satisfy in a qualified way a specific cultural necessity in the field of Religion and Science. Through the appropriate entries of a comprehensible and easy to consult Catalogue, the reader will find an updated summary of what religion and science have to say on a specific item and/or how they came into debate on that same item throughout history. The discussion is focused mainly on the Judaeo-Christian idea of God, because that religious tradition was especially interwoven with the history and the development of scientific thought Page 1 of 8

2 Believing readers, university students, teachers or intellectuals, who have no special acquaintance with religion and science literature and want to compare the content of their religious faith with the outcomes of contemporary natural sciences, are often faced with popular literature that is philosophically unsound. They usually do not have an easy access to high quality interdisciplinary literature, whose circulation is generally confined to restricted cultural groups. Those who are non believers, on the other hand, find some difficulties in approaching the teachings of Christian theology, which have a specialized diffusion as well. As a consequence, they have incomplete or even incorrect information on what religious faith says on scientific topics. The proposed subject-headings are meant to answer directly the most pivotal problems in the debate between religion and science or, at least, to put that debate on its right track. Some headings correspond to specific disciplines to show how the religion/science debate or dialogue took place and has developed up to now in that particular field of human culture. Philosophic headings are offered as well, to cast light on the conceptual knots of the debate. Theological entries supply the reader with original sources necessary to understand the content of believers' faith on issues of major religious importance. A special attention is given to those items which have an extended and consolidated role in the mass media (Ecology, Extraterrestrial Life, Artificial Intelligence, Mind-Body relationship, New Age, Shroud of Turin, etc.). The Italian summaries of the articles that belonged to the complete Catalogue of the published Italian Dizionario Interdisciplinare di Scienza e Fede [2] are available on line. How to quote the Encyclopedia INTERS data base is a dynamic, on line only Encyclopedia. Articles are periodically updated under the control and supervision of the Editors. INTERS can be read at one of these URL addresses: [3] [4] To refer to the content of the articles, please quote Author, Title and its source: INTERS Interdisciplinary Encyclopedia of Religion and Science, edited by G. Tanzella-Nitti, I. Colagè and A. Strumia, [3] All INTERS articles are captioned by a DOI number. To read the articles properly Abbreviations, sources and Latin titles of documents, are captioned as follows: GENERAL ABBREVIATIONS CDF Heb. Congregation for the Doctrine of Faith in Hebrew Page 2 of 8

3 Gr. ITC Lat. LEV NT OT PBC in Greek International Theological Commission in Latin Libreria Editrice Vaticana The New Testament The Old Testament Pontifical Biblical Commission SOURCES FOR THE DOCUMENTS OF THE CATHOLIC CHURCH AAS Acta Apostolicae Sedis, Roma - Vatican City 1909f ASS Acta Sanctae Sedis, Romae CCC Catechism of the Catholic Church, Città del Vaticano 1997 on line at [5] DH Discorsi e Radiomessaggi EE EV General Audience H. DENZINGER, Enchiridion Simbolorum, definitionum et declarationum de rebus fidei et morum. The numbers refer to the updated version edited by P. Hünermann, Freiburg i.b Collection of Teachings of Pius XII, Discorsi e Radiomessaggi di Sua Santità Pio XII, 20 vols., Vita e Pensiero, Milano and LEV, Città del Vaticano Enchiridion delle Encicliche (Bologna: Dehoniane, 1994f) Enchiridion Vaticanum (Bologna: Dehoniane, 1966f) John Paul II, Wendsday's General Audiences: on line at [6] Benedict XVI, Wensday's General Audiences: on line at Page 3 of 8

4 [7] Francis, Wensday's General Audiences: on line at [8] Insegnamenti OR ORWE Papal Addresses Collection of Teachings of the Popes, Paul VI ( ) and John Paul II (1978f), LEV, Vatican City. L'Osservatore Romano, Vatican City L'Osservatore Romano, English Weekly Edition, Vatican City Benedict XV - John Paul II, Papal Addresses to the Pontifical Academy of Sciences ( ) and to the Pontifical Academy of Social Sciences ( ), Pontificiae Academiae Scientiarum Scripta Varia, n. 100 (Vatican City: Pontifical Academy of Sciences, 2003) ABBREVIATIONS FOR SPECIAL SOURCES DFT Dictionary of Fundamental Theology, edited by R. Latourelle and R. Fisichella, Crossroad, New York 1994 Diels-Kranz Diels-Kranz, Die Fragmente der Vorsokratiker, Berlin DSB Dictionary of Scientific Biographies, edited by C. Gillispie, 16 voll., Scribner's, New York DTC Dictionnaire de Théologie Catholique, 15 vols., Paris NDTB Nuovo Dizionario di Teologia Biblica, edited by P. Rossano, G. Ravasi, A. Girlanda, San Paolo, Cinisello Balsamo 1988 PG J.P. MIGNE, Patrologiae cursus completus, Page 4 of 8

5 Ecclesia Graeca, Paris PL SC TDNT TLOT J.P. MIGNE, Patrologiae cursus completus, Ecclesia Latina, Paris Sources Chrétiennes, Editions du Cerf, Paris 1942f G. Kittel, G. Friedrich (eds.), Theological Dictionary of the New Testament, transl. by G.W. Bromiley, Eerdmans, Grand Rapids (MI) 1965f E. Jenni, C. Westermann (eds.), Theological Lexicon of the Old Testament, transl. by M.E. Biddle, 3 vols., Hendrickson, Peabody (MA) 1997 LATIN TITLES OF THE DOCUMENTS OF THE CATHOLIC CHURCH Only documents published after the First Vatican Council (1870) are here listed. The titles and dates of the documents issued before 1870 are reported in the texts of the articles. The dates of the documents quoted here and along the whole data base are written according to the convention DD.MM.YYYY. Apostolicam actuositatem Caritas in Veritate Centesimus annus Christus Dominus Dei Filius Dei Verbum Dignitatis humanae Dies Domini Dives in misericordia Second Vatican Council, decr. Apostolicam actuositatem, Benedictus XVI, encyclical Caritas in Veritate, John Paul II, encyclical Centesimus annus, Second Vatican Council, decr. Christus Dominus, First Vatican Council, dogm. const. Dei Filius, Second Vatican Council, dogm. const. Dei Verbum, Second Vatican Council, decl. Dignitatis humanae, John Paul II, apostolic lett. Dies Domini, John Paul II, encyclical Dives in misericordia, Page 5 of 8

6 Divino afflante Spiritu Dolentium hominum Dominum et vivificantem Pius XII, encyclical Divino afflante Spiritu, John Paul II, apostolic lett. Dolentium hominum, John Paul II, encyclical Dominum et vivificantem, Dominus Iesus JCDF, instruction Dominus Iesus, Donum Veritatis Donum vitae Evangelii gaudium Evangelii nuntiandi Evangelium vitae Ex corde Ecclesiae Familiaris Consortio Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, instruction Donum veritatis, Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, instruction Donum Vitae, Francis, apostolic exhort. Evangelii Gaudium, Paul VI, apostolic exhort. Evangelii nuntiandi, John Paul II, encyclical Evangelium vitae, John Paul II, apostolic const. on the Catholic Universities, Ex corde Ecclesiae, John Paul II, apostolic exhort. Familiaris Consortio, Fides et ratio John Paul II, encyclical Fides et ratio, Gaudium et spes Gravissimum educationis Second Vatican Council, past. const. Gaudium et Spes, Second Vatican Council, decree Gravissimum educationis, Humanae vitae Paul VI, encyclical Humanae vitae, Humani generis Pius XII, encyclical Humani generis, Immortale Dei Leo XIII, encyclical Immortale Dei, Incarnationis mysterium John Paul II, apostolic lett. Incarnationis mysterium, Lamentabili Holy Office, decree Lamentabili, Laborem exercens John Paul II, encyclical Laborem exercens, Laudato si Francis, encyclical Laudato si, Page 6 of 8

7 Lumen gentium Mater et magistra Mulieris dignitatem Nostra aetate Novo millennio ineunte Optatam totius Second Vatican Council, dogm. const. Lumen gentium, John XXIII, encyclical Mater et magistra, John Paul II, apostolic lett. Mulieris dignitatem, Second Vatican Council, decl. Nostra aetate, John Paul II, apostolic lett. Novo millennio ineunte, Second Vatican Council, decr. Optatam totius, Pacem in terris John XXII, encyclical Pacem in terris, Pascendi Populorum progressio Providentissimus Deus Redemptor hominis Salvifici doloris Sollicitudo rei socialis Spiritus Paraclitus Tertio millennio adveniente Unitatis redintegratio Verbum Domini Veritatis splendor Pius X, encyclical Pascendi Dominici gregis, Paul VI, encyclical Populorum progressio, Leo XIII, encyclical Providentissimus Deus, John Paul II, encyclical Redemptor hominis, John Paul II, apostolic lett. Salvifici doloris, John Paul II, encyclical Sollicitudo rei socialis, Benedict XVI, encyclical Spiritus Paraclitus, John Paul II, apostolic lett. Tertio millennio adveniente, Second Vatican Council, decree Unitatis redintegratio, Benedictus XVI, apostolic exhort. Verbum Domini, John Paul II, encyclical Veritatis splendor, Page 7 of 8

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