The Church through History
|
|
- Julia Wiggins
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 The Church through History Session 1: The Early Church to the Great Doctrinal Councils Larry Fraher The Martyrdom of Perpetua and Felicity Ah, most valiant and blessed martyrs! Truly are you called and chosen for the glory of Christ Jesus our Lord! And any man who exalts, honors, and worships his glory should read for the consolation of the Church these new deeds of heroism which are no less significant than the tales of old. For these new manifestations of virtue will bear witness to one and the same Spirit who still operates, and to God the Father almighty, to his Son Jesus Christ our Lord, to whom is splendour and immeasurable power for all the ages. Amen. For Discussion Why study history? What particular items would you like to discuss in the class? How can the study of history help us in the Church today? How might the study of Church history be different than the study of history in general? 1
2 Main Points to Consider The Action and Role of the Holy Spirit Be Aware of Judgements Study of History is a Study of: Influences Context Product There are many sides to all stories We Best understand from the Voices Expectations Not just names, dates and places! Understand the past to understand the present & future. Engage the persons & situations Seek the work of God Postcards from history At the beginning of each class, please provide me with a 2 paragraph postcard from history. For the final class, the postcards are due 1 week later (see handout). 3 Main Periods of the Era of the Fathers The 2 nd Generation Church to 100 Martyrs and Apologists to 312 Councils to 451 2
3 Historical Sketch The 2 nd Generation Church to 100 The Jewish Persecution of Christians All the way back to Paul Stephen James Matthian Community The Fall of the Temple to the Romans ca. 72 The Roman Persecution of Christians Nero (The Start) Peter and Paul Beginnings of Structure See of the Apostles Historical Sketch The 2 nd Generation Church to 100 Convergence of forces Fall of Jerusalem Roman Cults ineffective Mystery Religions The Didache (ca. 100) Now about the Eucharist: This is how to give thanks: First in connection with the cup: We thank you, our Father, for the holy vine of David, your child, which you have revealed through Jesus, your child. To you be glory forever. Then in connection with the piece [broken off the loaf]: We thank you, our Father, for the life and knowledge which you have revealed through Jesus, your child. To you be glory forever. As this piece [of bread] was scattered over the hills and then was brought together and made one, so let your Church be brought together from the ends of the earth into your Kingdom. For yours is the glory and the power through Jesus Christ forever. 3
4 Historical Sketch Martyrs and Apologists The rise of Classicism and Gnosticism Philosophically based thinking Elevates Certain ways of thinking to Divine Importance of Logos Irenaeus ( ) Clement of Alexandria (d. 210) Origen ( ) Martyrs Ignatius of Antioch Under Roman Persecution, many expected martyrdom I am corresponding with all the churches and bidding them all realize that I am voluntarily dying for God if, that is, you do not interfere. I plead with you, do not do me an unseasonable kindness. Let me be fodder for wild beasts that is how I can get to God. I am God s wheat and I am being ground by the teeth of wild beasts to make a pure loaf for Christ. Letter to the Romans (ca. 110) The Importance of the Martyr s witness Martyrs Justin Martyr (d. 165) Writes apology (defense) to emperor appealing to reason for Christians accused of being atheists. Hence we are called atheists. And we confess that we are atheists, so far as gods of this sort are concerned, but not with respect to the most true God But both Him, and the Son (who came forth from Him and taught us these things), and the prophetic Spirit, we worship and adore, knowing them in reason and truth, declaring without grudging to everyone who wishes to learn, as we have taught 4
5 Gnosticism Characteristics of Gnosticism Gnosis = Knowledge Usually held secret until fully initiated 1 disciple charged with keeping the secret Dualism Flesh (Material) vs. Spirit (Intellectual) Ascent to Divine through Rejection of Material Jesus said, if those who lead you say to you, See the Kingdom is in the sky, then the birds of the sky will precede you. If they say to you, it is in the sea, then the fish will precede you. Rather, the Kingdom is inside of you, and it is outside of you. When you come to know yourselves, then you will become known, and you will know that you are sons of the Living Father. But if you will not know yourselves, you dwell in poverty and it is you who are that poverty. Gospel of Thomas, 3 Gnosticism Gnostic Movements Docetism Jesus never really inhabited his body Marcionism Held that there are 2 Gods, 1 Evil (Hebrews) and 1 good (Jesus) Montanism God speaks through me 1 st Person. Valentinianism Levels of Spirit and Creation Gnosticism (referring to the Crucifixion from a primarily Docetic view) I was about to succumb to fear, and I suffered according to their sight and thought, For my death which they think happened, happened to them in their error and blindness, since they nailed their man unto their death. It was another, their father, who drank the gall and vinegar; it was not I. They struck me with a reed; it was another, Simon, who bore the cross on his shoulder. It was another upon whom they placed the crown of thorns. But I was rejoicing in the height over all the wealth of the archons and the offspring of their error, of their empty glory. And I was laughing at their ignorance. The Second Treatise of the Great Seth 5
6 The Apologists Apology = Defense of the Faith Ancient Apologetics 1. Understand the System of Belief that will be argued against Example: Irenaeus 2/5 books devoted to outlining the ideas of Valentinian Gnosticism 2. Present Argumentation toward the Superiority of the Christian Faith 1. Apologetics is an Ancient Christian method 2. Argument established in better reasoning Integration of FAITH AND REASON Apologists Irenaeus of Lyons (in response to Valentinian Gnosticism) For if He did not suffer, no thanks to Him, since there was no suffering at all; and when we actually begin to suffer, He will seem as leading us astray, exhorting us to endure buffeting, and to turn the other cheek, if He did not Himself before us in reality suffer the same; and as He misled them by seeming to them what He was not, so does He also mislead us, by exhorting us to endure what He did not endure Himself Therefore, as I have already said, He caused man (human nature) to cleave to and to become one with God And unless man had been joined to God, he could never have become a partaker of incorruptibility. (Against Heresies, Book III, 6 & 7) Apologists Clement of Alexandria The Principle of Universality (after a lengthy argument against the Gods and philosophers) Wherefore, since the Word Himself has come to us from Heaven, we need not, I reckon, go any more in search of human learning to Athens and the rest of Greece, and to Lonia. For if we have as our teacher Him that filled the universe with His holy energies in creation we have the Teacher from whom all instruction comes; and the whole world, with Athens and Greece, has become the domain of the Word. (Exhortation to the Heathen, 11) 6
7 Apologists Origen Known as the First Exegete (Interpreter of Scripture) And, generally, we must investigate, according to the apostolic promise the wisdom in a mystery, the hidden wisdom which God ordained before the world for the glory of the just, which none of the princes of this world knew [cf. 1 Cor. 10:11]...And he gives an opportunity for ascertaining of what things these were patterns, when he says for they drank of the spiritual Rock that followed them, and that Rock was Christ [1 Cor. 10:4] On First Principles, 13 These are the fuller senses of Scripture Apologists Tertullian This ray of God, then, as it was always foretold in ancient times, descending into a certain virgin, and made flesh in her womb, in His birth God and man united. The flesh formed by the Spirit is nourished, grows up to manhood, speaks, teaches, works, and is the Christ. Apology, 21 Conclusions re: Apologists The combination of Hellenistic Judaism and Philosophy Argument for Objective Truth Lays the Groundwork for the explosion of doctrine Thank a Heretic! Period Concludes with the Conversion of Constantine in 312- (313 Recognition of Church) 7
8 Period of Councils Arian Heresy (Early 300s) Jesus is Divine, but a creature. Athanasius Responds Tri-theism (Mid 300s) Three Gods or 1? Basil and the Gregs Nestorianism (Late 300s) Mary can t be the Mother of God Was Jesus 1 nature or two? Human or Divine? Two Natures From Arius, Athanasius & Nicea and that before he was begotten, or created, or purposed, or established, he was not. For he was not unbegotten. Arius, Letter to Eusebius of Nicodemia Which of the two theologies sets forth our Lord Jesus Christ as God and Son of the Father, this which you have vomited forth, or that which we have spoken and maintain from the scriptures? if He be Word of the Father and true Son, and God from God, and overall blessed for ever, is it not wise to obliterate and blot out those other phrases that Arian Thalia as but a pattern of evil, a store of irreligion, into which, who so falls, knoweth not that giants perish with her, and reacheth the depths of Hades. -- Athanasius, Letter to the Arians Council of Nicea 325 Christological Council Arius vs. Athanasius Similar Substance (Arius)(homoiousios) vs. Same Substance (Athanasius)(homoousios) Same Substance wins Consubstantial 8
9 Arius, Athanasius & Nicea We believe in one God, the Father Almighty, maker of all things, visible and invisible; and in one Lord Jesus Christ, the Son of God, the only-begotten of the Father, of the very substance of the Father, God of God, Light of Light, very God of very God, begotten, not made, being of one substance with the Father (consubstantial). The Nicene Creed Tri-theism Controversy Do we have 3 Gods? Father Son Holy Spirit Basil and the Greg s The economy (system) of the Trinity Basil and the Greg s Basil of Caesarea, Gregory Nazianzus, Gregory of Nyssa Basil Homoousia (Same Substance) & Hypostasis (That which stands beneath) The distinction between ousia and hypostasis is the same as that between the general and the particular Wherefore, in the case of the Godhead, we confess one essence or substance so as not to give a variant definition of existence, but we confess a particular hypostasis, in order that our conception of Father, Son and Holy Spirit may be without confusion and clear. 9
10 Basil and the Greg's Gregory of Nazianzus When did these come into being? They are above all When. But, if I am to speak with something more of boldness when the Father did. And when did the Father come into being? There never was a time when He was not. And the same thing is true of the Son and Holy Ghost. Gregory of Nyssa The Father is God: the Son is God: and yet by the same proclamation God is One, because no difference either of nature or operation is contemplated in the Godhead. Council of Constantinople 381 Reaffirmation of Nicea Addition to creed affirms the Humanity of Jesus Born of the Virgin Mary and became man, crucified under Pontius Pilate Addition also affirms the Trinity & Holy Spirit The Lord, the giver of life who proceeds from the Father [NOTICE NO & the SON yet.] The Council of Ephesus 431 Response to Nestorian Heresy Basic Nestorian Tenets Jesus sheds his divinity to become Human Two Persons in one being (Human Person, Divine Person) Mary is the mother of the Human, not the divine. Christ is only Divine Prior to birth and after Resurrection Cyril of Alexandria responds to Nestorius Theotokos: God Bearer Is Mary Christotokos or Theotokos? Christ Bearer or God Bearer Is she the Mother of God? Emperor Declares Council Invalid 10
11 The Council of Chalcedon, 451 Docetism rises on the heels of Nestorius Christ only appeared human The question of Nature Eutyches: 1 nature = Divine Rock, Paper, Scissors No Matter how you slice it, Divinity will always absorb Humanity Chalcedon = 2 Natures Christ is Fully Divine Fully Human This Proclamation puts an End to Nestorian Belief Allows for Mary to be called the Mother of God The Council of Chalcedon, 451 Following, then, the holy fathers, we unite in teaching all men to confess the one and only Son, our Lord Jesus Christ He is of the same reality as God as far as his deity is concerned and of the same reality as we are ourselves as far as his human-ness is concerned; thus like us in all respects, sin only excepted we apprehend this one and only Christ Son, Lord, only begotten in two natures; without confusing the two natures, without transmuting one nature into the other, without dividing them into separate categories, without contrasting them according to area or function. The distinctiveness of each nature is not nullified by the union. Instead, the properties of each nature are conserved and both natures concur in one person and in one hypostasis. 11
What are the Problem Passages in Scripture?
Christology: The DEITY OF CHRIST IN THE BIBLE What are the Problem Passages in Scripture? Problem Passages 1. First born of all creation Col 1:15 He is the image of the invisible God, the firstborn of
More informationIntroduction to Christology
Introduction to Larry Fraher Introduction to In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God and the Word was God. He was in the beginning with God. All things came into being through Him, and
More informationConstantinople. Alexandria Nitria Scetis
Carthage Rome Athens Constantinople Antioch Alexandria Nitria Scetis Jerusalem Anthony's cave Paul's cave Tabennisi Thebes Desert Monasticism Forms Solitary Paul of Thebes (c. 250) Anthony (269) Clusters
More informationKNOW YOUR CHURCH HISTORY (6) The Imperial Church (AD ) Councils
KNOW YOUR CHURCH HISTORY (6) The Imperial Church (AD313-476) Councils A. Introduction 1. The Imperial Church was the period of church history between these two significant events: The Edict of Milan in
More informationHISTORY OF THE CHURCH 2 Lesson 2: WHO IS JESUS? Randy Broberg, Maranatha School of Ministry Fall 2010
HISTORY OF THE CHURCH 2 Lesson 2: WHO IS JESUS? Randy Broberg, Maranatha School of Ministry Fall 2010 Da Vinci Code Attacks Divinity of Christ The notion that Jesus was divine was first proposed by Emperor
More informationChurch Councils & Doctrinal Unity { Seven Ecumenical Councils
Church Councils & Doctrinal Unity { Seven Ecumenical Councils Councils of church leaders periodically gather to find agreement on broad issues of life and doctrine Leaders come to decision, which becomes
More informationThe Council of Nicea
The Council of Nicea Called in the year 325 AD by the Roman Emperor Constantine. 318 Bishops attended. Coptic Patriarch Alexandros, who was joined by Deacon Athanasius. Four major orders of business 1)
More informationEpochs of Early Church History
Epochs of Early Church History I. Constantine A. Early Life 1. Constantine s birth was ca. 273, and he died in 337. 2. Constantine s father was Constantius I Chlorus, who, under Diocletian (245-313; emperor,
More information2014 Peter D. Anders. Course Instructor: Peter D. Anders
Course Instructor: Peter D. Anders Important Christological Affirmations of the Early Church Only God can save. St. Athanasius (ca 293-373) On the Incarnation Important Christological Affirmations of the
More informationOn the Son of God His Deity and Eternality. On The Son of God. Mark McGee
! 1 of 13! On The Son of God By Mark McGee ! 2 of 13! Teaching Notes are Bible studies we taught before GraceLife Ministries began publishing articles online in 1995. Some were presented as sermons, others
More informationPastor Charles R. Biggs
Ancient Church History Christological Heresies and the Council of Chalcedon (451) Pastor Charles R. Biggs Ancient Church Christological Heresies Heresy Major Proponents Summary Apollinarianism Apollinarius
More informationEarly Christian Church Councils
The First Seven Christian Church Councils Goodnews Christian Ministry http://goodnewspirit.com Early Christian Church Councils The first Council of the Christian Church took place in Jerusalem and included
More informationSystematic Theology, Lesson 19: Christology: The Doctrine of Christ, Part 2
1 1. Defining the Person of Christ Systematic Theology, Lesson 19: Christology: The Doctrine of Christ, Part 2 a. Jesus Christ was fully God and fully man in one person, and will be so forever. 1 b. The
More informationThe Road to Nicea: The Fathers of the First Ecumenical Council Part One (Sessions 1 & 2) Instructor: Kenneth J Howell
The Road to Nicea: The Fathers of the First Ecumenical Council Part One (Sessions 1 & 2) Instructor: Kenneth J Howell The word Trinity does not occur in the Bible but we encounter this term very early
More informationA Lawyer Rebuts The Da Vinci Code Part iii. By Randall K Broberg, Esq.
A Lawyer Rebuts The Da Vinci Code Part iii By Randall K Broberg, Esq. Da Vinci Code Attacks On & Divinity of Jesus Jesus preached the kingdom of God, not himself. The historical Jesus and the Jesus of
More informationWe Believe: The Creeds and the Soul The Rev. Tom Pumphrey, 10/24/10 Part One: We Believe: Origins and functions
We Believe: The Creeds and the Soul The Rev. Tom Pumphrey, 10/24/10 Part One: We Believe: Origins and functions The Apostles and Nicene Creeds are important elements in our regular worship of God. We stand
More informationHoly Trinity. Lover. One. Love. Beloved. One God One divine Substance, one divine nature, One divine Center of Consciousness
The Holy Trinity With the whole Church today we stand before the ineffable majesty of the Trinity. We fall on our knees, we prostrate, to confess that the Most Holy Trinity is the living and true God.
More informationThe Ancient Church. Arianism and the Nicene Creed. CH501 LESSON 08 of 24
The Ancient Church CH501 LESSON 08 of 24 Richard C. Gamble, ThD Experience: Professor of Systematic Theology, Reformed Presbyterian Theological Seminary In our last lecture we began to look at another
More informationNew Testament Theology (NT2)
New Testament Theology (NT2) Lecture 2, January 16, 2013 Christology & Incarnation Ross Arnold, Winter 2013 Lakeside institute of Theology New Testament Theology (NT2) 1. Introduction to New Testament
More informationTHE INCARNATION OF JESUS CHRIST (Latin for in and caro, stem carn, meaning flesh )
LECTURE 5 THE INCARNATION OF JESUS CHRIST (Latin for in and caro, stem carn, meaning flesh ) The Incarnation of the Lord Jesus Christ is the central fact of Christianity. Upon it the whole superstructure
More informationThe Blessed Virgin as Mother of God: the meaning of the title Theotokos
The Blessed Virgin as Mother of God: the meaning of the title Theotokos Metropolitan Kallistos of Diokleia IF anyone does not confess the Holy Virgin to be Theotokos, states St Gregory of Nazianzus (329-89),
More informationThe Family Tree of Christianity Session 2: Councils, Creeds, and Schisms ( AD)
The Family Tree of Christianity Session 2: Councils, Creeds, and Schisms (300 700 AD) Overview of this Series 1) Unity & Diversity in the Early Church (30 300) 2) Councils, Creeds, and Schisms (300-700)
More informationThe Heresies about Jesus
The Heresies about Jesus What Arius believed and taught A letter from Arius (c. 250 336) to the Arian Eusebius of Nicomedia (died 341) succinctly states the core beliefs of the Arians: But we say
More informationJoshua 4 Why study the past?
CHURCH HISTORY Joshua 4 Why study the past? One more surprising reason: Humility 1. Proper Perspective on One s Place 2. Proper Perspective on One s Trials 3. Eliminating Naiveté 4. Humble Stand for Truth
More informationTHE COUNCIL OF NICEA AND ATHANASIUS
THE COUNCIL OF NICEA AND ATHANASIUS The Development of the Doctrine of the Trinity THE COUNCIL OF NICEA I Texts collected in William Rusch, The Trinitarian Controversy (Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1980),
More informationA Case for the Worship of the Son of God: Reflecting on the Nicene Creed. By Tami Jelinek
A Case for the Worship of the Son of God: Reflecting on the Nicene Creed By Tami Jelinek What the Nicene Creed Says about Jesus and His Relationship to God the Father: First, we believe in one God, the
More informationA Pilgrim People The Story of Our Church Presented by:
A Pilgrim People The Story of Our Church Presented by: www.cainaweb.org Early Church Growth & Threats (49-312 AD) Patristic Period & Great Councils Rise of Christendom High Medieval Church Renaissance
More informationThe Evolution of God
The Evolution of God 3. Fragments of the Apostolic Fathers By Tim Warner Copyright www.4windsfellowships.net T he earliest Christian writers whose works have survived, those known to have direct connections
More informationEssentials for: I. Having Salvation. Essentials for: I. Having Salvation. II. Knowing about Salvation. II. Knowing about Salvation
The Essentials of Our Christian Faith Dennis Zulu DennisZulu@gmail.com 703 927 9343 The Essentials of our Christian Faith In essentials, Unity, in non-essentials, Liberty, and in all things, Charity. (Rupertus
More informationNew Testament Theology (NT2)
New Testament Theology (NT2) Lecture 3, January 23, 2013 Trinity Ross Arnold, Winter 2013 Lakeside institute of Theology New Testament Theology (NT2) 1. Introduction to New Testament Theology 2. Christology
More informationWho is Macedonius? He is known as the ENEMY OF THE HOLY SPIRIT He was a follower of Arius and because of that the Arians managed to make him Bishop of
Ecclesiastical History Part 3 By Sub-deacon: Bishoy Ibrahim Ecumenical Council of fc Constantinople ti Saint Mina Coptic Orthodox Church Hamilton, Ontario, Canada Who is Macedonius? He is known as the
More informationChristian Evidences. The Evidence of Biblical Christianity, Part 5. CA312 LESSON 11 of 12
Christian Evidences CA312 LESSON 11 of 12 Victor M. Matthews, STD Former Professor of Systematic Theology Grand Rapids Theological Seminary This is lecture number 11 in the course entitled Christian Evidences.
More informationContents. Preface to the Third Edition A Fresh Look at the Creed
Contents Preface to the Third Edition A Fresh Look at the Creed iii Introduction: Forms and Functions of the Ancient Creeds 1 From Kerygma to Creed 2 The Creed as Profession of Faith 4 The Creed as Symbol
More informationApostles and Nicene Creeds
Apostles and Nicene Creeds If one wants to know what we believe as Catholic Christians, they need to look no further than the Nicene Creed, the definitive statement of Christian orthodoxy (correct teaching).
More informationA Study in Patristics
A Study in Patristics Part II Produced by St. Mina s Coptic Orthodox Church, Holmdel NJ Patristics / Patrology Pater Father πατέρ The study of the life, acts, writings, sayings, teachings & thoughts of
More informationContinuity and Change:
Christian Thought (Spring 2018)* Religious Studies 300 M, W, F 9:00 9:50 Dr. Steven L. Reagles You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, with all your soul, with all your mind and with all
More informationCreeds and Heretics The Church Defines and Disciplines Randy Broberg
Creeds and Heretics The Church Defines and Disciplines Randy Broberg Early Theology More Sophisticated Than We Realize Chap 8: "He Himself took on Him the burden of our iniquities, He gave His own Son
More informationTHE ESSENTIAL DOCTRINES OF THE CHRISTIAN FAITH (PART 1): A HISTORICAL APPROACH
CHRISTIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE PO Box 8500, Charlotte, NC 28271 Feature Article: JAE100 1 THE ESSENTIAL DOCTRINES OF THE CHRISTIAN FAITH (PART 1): A HISTORICAL APPROACH by Norman L. Geisler This article
More informationThe Problem of Human Language Arius and Arianism The Council of Nicea, 325 AD Athanasius Logic The Council of Constantinople, 381 AD
Mako A. Nagasawa The Problem of Human Language Arius and Arianism The Council of Nicea, 325 AD Athanasius Logic The Council of Constantinople, 381 AD God is Father, Jesus is Son Then: There was a time
More informationDuring this class, we will look at
The Creed The inside of St. John Lateran Basilica in Rome is lined with enormous statues of the Apostles, visually showing visitors the men who brought the Gospel to the world. These things are wri/en
More informationSystematic Theology 1 (TH3)
Systematic Theology 1 (TH3) Doctrines of Christ February 28, 2014 Ross Arnold, Winter 2014 Lakeside institute of Theology Systematic Theology 1 (TH3) 1. Introduction to Systematic Theology 2. Doctrine
More informationCHURCH HISTORY I CHURCH HISTORY TO THE REFORMATION
CH 501: Syllabus Wayne S. Hansen, Ph.D. Spring 2014 Gordon-Conwell Theological Seminary, Boston Campus (CUME) Mondays 6:30-9:30PM Tel.: 860-875-7715 E-mail: hansen_wayne_s@sbcglobal.net Or whansen@gordonconwell.edu
More informationENVISIONING THE TRINITY
1 ENVISIONING THE TRINITY THE SHAPING OF A DOCTRINE No one has ever claimed that the doctrine of the Trinity is easy to understand. So we may find it helpful at the outset to keep in mind several important
More informationThe Roman Empire. The Apostolic Church. Vocabulary
1 2 Vocabulary Apostle a missionary; one who is sent out. Church fr. Gk. Ecclesia = assembly of people Pope - Bishop of Rome; supreme pontiff of Catholic Church Bishop - episcopus = overseer; in charge
More information100 AD 313 AD UNIT 2: THE PERSECUTED CHURCH
100 AD 313 AD UNIT 2: THE PERSECUTED CHURCH 1: THE IMPERIAL PERSECUTIONS Causes of Persecution Exclusive nature of Christianity Idol worship interwoven with Roman life Emperor worship Christianity separate
More informationChurch History to the Reformation
Church History to the Reformation CH506 LESSON 09 of 24 Garth M. Rosell, PhD Experience: Professor of Church History and Director Emeritus, Ockenga Institute at Gordon-Conwell Theological Seminary This
More informationAn Introduction to Orthodox Christology Father Peter Farrington
An Introduction to Orthodox Christology Father Peter Farrington Why worry about doctrine? Growing up in an Evangelical Protestant home, and playing an active role in my local Evangelical Church, I often
More informationPREACHING CHRIST JEHOVAH S WITNESSES INTRO Slide 1
PREACHING CHRIST JEHOVAH S WITNESSES INTRO Slide 1 Q) How many of us have had JW s knock on our door or handed us a leaflet? There are 7 million JW s worldwide in over 230 countries & UK HQ in Mill Hill
More informationEcumenical Councils The First Ecumenical Council The Second Ecumenical Council The Third Ecumenical Council
The First Ecumenical Council The Arian controversy arose during fourth century. Arius, an Alexandrian priest, taught that the Divine Logos, the Word of God Who became man - Jesus Christ - is not the divine
More informationCourse Requirements: Final Paper (7-10 pages) 40% Final Exam 35% Three 1-page Responses 15% Class Participation 10%
6HT502 - Historical Theology I: Christianity from the Beginnings to the Reformation Reformed Theological Seminary Washington, DC (3 credit hrs). 9:00-5:00, June 7 - June 11, 2010 Class Location: West End
More informationSurvey of Theology 3. The Doctrine of Jesus Part 1: Classic Christology
Survey of Theology 3. The Doctrine of Jesus Part 1: Classic Christology Outline 1. The Place of Jesus in Christian Theology 2. New Testament Reflections on Jesus 3. The Early Church s Debate Over the Person
More informationApril 26, 2013 Persecutions, Heresies & the Book Lecture Lakeside Institute of Theology Ross Arnold, Spring 2013
April 26, 2013 Persecutions, Heresies & the Book Lecture Lakeside Institute of Theology Ross Arnold, Spring 2013 Church History 1 (TH1) 1. Introduction to Church History 2. Apostles to Catholic Christianity
More informationThis article is also available in Spanish.
The Council of Nicea Introduction This article is also available in Spanish. The doctrine of the Trinity is central to the uniqueness of Christianity. It holds that the Bible teaches that God eternally
More informationCreed. WEEk 6 SERIES INTRO:
Creed WEEk 6 SERIES INTRO: This eight-week study is based on a sermon series on worship and the psalms called Grace and Gratitude: Worshiping a Gracious God with a Grateful Heart. Worship is our response
More informationSurvey of Church History Part 1: A.D Table of Contents
Survey of Church History Part 1: A.D. 30-1517 Table of Contents The Apostolic Church... Lesson 1 Why Study Church History? Principles for Studying Church History From Jerusalem to the Ends of the Earth
More informationThird-Century Tensions between philosophy and theology
Third-Century Tensions between philosophy and theology Clement of Alexandria True theology does not contradict or cancel out Greek philosophy but fulfills it. (i.e. Can Christian theology work with science,
More informationNow that the fences were established on the Trinity, the question causing controversy was how could divinity and humanity be united in one man?
Now that the fences were established on the Trinity, the question causing controversy was how could divinity and humanity be united in one man? Everyone agreed that Jesus was God incarnate, but they disagreed
More informationJesus, Son of God. Brentwood Baptist Church TNT October 18, 2017
Jesus, Son of God Brentwood Baptist Church TNT October 18, 2017 The incarnation is an essential Christian doctrine. 1 In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God. 2
More informationCHAPTER ELEVEN EARLY CHRISTOLOGY
CHAPTER ELEVEN EARLY CHRISTOLOGY 121 Greek Terms We conclude our reflections on the Creed s statement on Jesus by moving beyond the Newer Testament in order to examine what Christians had to say about
More informationDoctrine of the Trinity
Doctrine of the Trinity ST506 LESSON 10 of 24 Peter Toon, DPhil Cliff College Oxford University King s College University of London Liverpool University I begin with a prayer prayed in my own church, the
More informationDa Vinci Code on Trial Part I. By Randall K Broberg, Esq.
Da Vinci Code on Trial Part I By Randall K Broberg, Esq. Dan Brown Da Vinci Code Has Sold 40 Million Copies 3 years on Best Seller List! MOST POPULAR NOVEL EVER WRITTEN Why are we here? always be ready
More informationThe Holy Trinity INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTION 1. Reasons for this study A. We do not talk about or question the Trinity, even if we have doubts B. The Trinity is highest revelation from God because it is about Him. It is the most important
More informationThe nstitute for atechesis and ormation
The nstitute for atechesis and ormation Course Outline for Instructors CAT I The Creed The Nicene-Constantinopolitan Creed is the symbol of our faith in God and the affirmation of our belief in the truth
More informationDoctrine of the Trinity
Doctrine of the Trinity ST506 LESSON 09 of 24 Peter Toon, DPhil Cliff College Oxford University King s College University of London Liverpool University This is the ninth lecture in the series on the doctrine
More informationJesus, the Only Son. We believe in one Lord, Jesus Christ, the only Son of God. Adult Faith Formation. St. Martha Roman Catholic Church
The Jesus, the Only Son We believe in one Lord, Jesus Christ, the only Son of God Who do people say the Son of Man is? John the Baptist Elijah the Prophet Jeremiah Question: Who is Jesus to us? 2 What
More informationNicene Creed. Part One
Part One The was composed in two parts. First, at the first great Council of Nicea (whence the name of the Creed), A.D. 325, the first two articles were drafted. That Creed originally ended with "And in
More informationGOSPEL CENTERED: TRINITY
GOSPEL CENTERED: TRINITY Needs to be defined Complexity is good. Augustine once commented about the Trinity that In no other subject is error more dangerous, or inquiry more laborious, or the discovery
More informationCHURCH HISTORY. WEEK 1. EARLY CHURCH
CHURCH HISTORY. WEEK 1. EARLY CHURCH Week 1: Early Church (70 529) Week 3: The Medieval Church (529 1517) Week 4: The Reformation (1517 1650) Week 5: The Modern Church (1650 Present) MARTYRS If you suffer
More informationCREEDS: RELICS OR RELEVANT?
CHRISTIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE PO Box 8500, Charlotte, NC 28271 Feature Article: JAF5392 CREEDS: RELICS OR RELEVANT? by Thomas Cornman This article first appeared in the CHRISTIAN RESEARCH JOURNAL, volume
More informationDo we allow ourselves to worship power, money, and greed, instead of the one true God?
Nicene Creed Prayer: I believe in one God, Do we allow ourselves to worship power, money, and greed, instead of the one true God? the Father, the Almighty, maker of heaven and earth, Is your love of God
More informationNicene and Apostles Creed
Nicene and Apostles Creed St Teresa of Avila RCIA September 28, 2017 Creed Credo: I Believe Definitive statement of Christian belief and orthodoxy Also known as Profession of Faith and Symbols of Faith
More informationRunning head: NICENE CHRISTIANITY 1
Running head: NICENE CHRISTIANITY 1 Nicene Christianity Brandon Vera BIBL 111-02 February 5, 2014 Prof. Robert Hill NICENE CHRISTIANITY 2 Nicene Christianity To deem that the ecumenical councils were merely
More informationConstantine, Nicea and Chalcedon. The Conversion of an Empire and Theological Clarifications
Constantine, Nicea and Chalcedon The Conversion of an Empire and Theological Clarifications Opening Question Does Christianity operate best at the margins of society among the poor, outcasts, and rejected,
More informationTHE TRINITARIAN CONTROVERSY IN THE FOURTH CENTURY
THE TRINITARIAN CONTROVERSY IN THE FOURTH CENTURY THE TRINITARIAN CONTROVERSY IN THE FOURTH CENTURY BY DAVID BERNARD The Trinitarian Controversy In the Fourth Century by David K. Bernard 1993, David K.
More informationThe nstitute for atechesis and ormation
The nstitute for atechesis and ormation Course Outline for Students CAT I The Creed The Nicene-Constantinopolitan Creed is the symbol of our faith in God and the affirmation of our belief in the truth
More informationESSENTIAL PRAYERS/PRACTICES FOR ST. JAMES/SETON SCHOOL STUDENTS
Sign of the Cross In the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit. The Lord s Prayer Our Father, who art in heaven, hallowed be thy name; thy kingdom come, thy will be done on earth,
More informationPatriarch of Constantinople Cyril Lucaris ( )
Patriarch of Constantinople Cyril Lucaris (1572 1638) Cyril Lucaris (Kyrillos Lukaris), Patriarch of Alexandria (1602-1621) and Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople (1612, 1620-1623, 1623-1633, 1633-1634,
More informationDoctrine of the Trinity
Doctrine of the Trinity ST506 LESSON 08 of 24 Peter Toon, DPhil Cliff College Oxford University King s College University of London Liverpool University This is the eighth lecture in the series on the
More informationPARADOX THE UPSIDE DOWN TRUTH OF FAITH
PARADOX THE UPSIDE DOWN TRUTH OF FAITH PARADOX Week 4 Seeing the Unseen to Truly See Outline Seeing the Unseen to Truly See I. RECONFIGURING 3 REALITIES (regarding seeing the unseen to truly see) Hebrews
More informationWHEN SHOULD I KNOW MY PRAYERS?
WHEN SHOULD I KNOW MY PRAYERS? Grade Grade PRAYER Introduced Memorized Act of Contrition 2 2 Apostles Creed 2 4 Confiteor 3 5 Gloria 4 6 Glory Be PK 1 Guardian Angel Prayer PK 1 Hail Holy Queen 4 6 Hail
More informationBy: H.H. Pope Shenouda III
St. Mark Coptic Orthodox Church 427 West Side Ave, Jersey City NJ 07304 Armenian Church Library http://hygradaran.weebly.com THE NATURE OF CHRIST By: H.H. Pope Shenouda III 1999 Internet: http://www.saintmark.com
More informationMultiple Choice: The word "heresy" comes from a Greek root meaning what? a) choice. b) false. c) death. d) truth
Multiple Choice: The word "heresy" comes from a Greek root meaning what? a) choice. b) false. c) death. d) truth What do we call the heretical belief that Christ was not the physical incarnation of God,
More informationHistory of Christianity I (to AD 843)
History of Christianity I (to AD 843) DESCRIPTION This six-week intensive course provides students with an introduction to Christian history through a chronological study of key periods and movements:
More informationThinking About. The Deity Of Jesus Christ. Mark McGee
1 of 12 Thinking About The Deity Of By Mark McGee 2 of 12 I am deeply concerned about the errors in teaching about. I m not surprised by the errors because they are simply the same lies Satan has been
More informationGreeting. Penitential Act Form A (Confiteor) or Form B. Gloria. Priest: The Lord be with you. People: And with your spirit.
Greeting Penitential Act Form A (Confiteor) I confess to almighty God, and to you, my brothers and sisters, that I have greatly sinned, in my thoughts and in my words, in what I have done and in what I
More informationThe Simplistic Accounts Arius and Arianism The Council of Nicea, 325 AD Anti-Nicene and Pro-Nicene Movements Athanasius Strategy The Council of
Mako A. Nagasawa The Simplistic Accounts Arius and Arianism The Council of Nicea, 325 AD Anti-Nicene and Pro-Nicene Movements Athanasius Strategy The Council of Constantinople, 381 AD Arianism After 381
More informationThe First Marian Dogma: Mother of God. Issue: What is the Church s teaching concerning Mary s divine maternity?
The First Marian Dogma: Mother of God ST. PETER CATHOLIC CHURCH + FAITH FACT + DECEMBER 2012 The incarnation is indeed a profound mystery as we celebrate Christmas, we must ponder this great mystery of
More informationSouthern Methodist University. Christian Theology: Faith Seeking Understanding RELI January 2018
Southern Methodist University Christian Theology: Faith Seeking Understanding RELI 3304-001 January 2018 Dr. James Kang Hoon Lee Assistant Professor of the History of Early Christianity Office: 210A Selecman
More informationWell, it is time to move to the main theme of today s message: looking at two foundational creeds of the ancient church.
Osaka International Church June 24 th, 2018 Bradford Houdyshel Title: The Nicene Creed: Foundational Statement on the Divinity of Christ and on the Holy Trinity Key verse: Colossians 1:15-20 The Son is
More informationTeaching Guidelines... v
Contents Teaching Guidelines... v Chapter 1...4 Chapter 2...10 Chapter 3...16 Chapter 4...20 Chapter 5...24 Chapter 6...28 Chapter 7...32 Chapter 8...36 Chapter 9...40 Chapter 10...44 Chapter 11...46 Chapter
More informationThe Trinity, The Creed and The Our Father
The Trinity, The Creed and The Our Father RCIA March 14, 2017 With which Person of the Holy Trinity (Father, Son, Holy Spirit) do I identify most? Why? Has it always been this way? (If not, why was it
More informationMy Book of. New Mass Responses. The Roman Missal, third edition, is going into use for Advent, 2011.
The Roman Missal, third edition, is going into use for Advent, 2011. My Book of This booklet is free to print, duplicate, and use for educational purposes. This booklet may not be used for profit in any
More informationI Believe The Creed: Essentials of our Faith!
I Believe The Creed: Essentials of our Faith! We live in a world where there are different faiths and faith formulae. Organizations or groups, whether political, social or spiritual, come up with their
More informationDoctrine of the Trinity
Doctrine of the Trinity ST506 LESSON 16 of 24 Peter Toon, DPhil Cliff College Oxford University King s College University of London Liverpool University This is the sixteenth lecture in the series on the
More informationREADINGS IN WORLD CHRISTIAN HISTORY
READINGS IN WORLD CHRISTIAN HISTORY Volume 1 Earliest Christianity to 1453 Edited by John W. Coakley Andrea Sterk Founded in 1970, Orbis Books endeavors to publish works that enlighten the mind, nourish
More informationChristian Angelology Rev. J. Wesley Evans. Part III-a: Angels in Christian Tradition, Apostolic Fathers to Early Church
Christian Angelology Rev. J. Wesley Evans Part III-a: Angels in Christian Tradition, Apostolic Fathers to Early Church A * means the date(s) are debatable, some more then others, but I have picked points
More informationStandardized Prayers. Sign of the Cross. In the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit. Amen. Doxology
Standardized Prayers Sign of the Cross In the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit. Amen. Doxology Glory be to the Father and to the Son and to the Holy Spirit, as it was in the beginning
More informationJesus as True God and True Man & Second Person of the Trinity. Lord, when did we see you.?
Jesus as True God and True Man & Second Person of the Trinity Lord, when did we see you.? 1. The best synonym for Jesus 2. The most significant element of Jesus mission 3. What one title of Jesus do you
More informationHe was conceived by the power of the Holy Spirit and was born of the Virgin Mary Catechism
HJFCI #6 Beginning of the Middle (Incarnation, Mary, Mysteries) J. Michalak 10-27-08, REV 10-17 Page 1 He was conceived by the power of the Holy Spirit and was born of the Virgin Mary Catechism 456-534
More informationFROM THE CURRICULUM GUIDELINES BINDER GRADE LEVEL SUBJECT AREA EXPECTATIONS DIOCESE OF FRESNO
FROM THE CURRICULUM GUIDELINES BINDER GRADE LEVEL SUBJECT AREA EXPECTATIONS DIOCESE OF FRESNO KINDERGARTEN Sign of the Cross The Doxology The Lord s Prayer Grace Before Meals Grace After Meals The Guardian
More information